CN109440152A - A kind of iron embryo electroplating technology - Google Patents
A kind of iron embryo electroplating technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN109440152A CN109440152A CN201811630369.5A CN201811630369A CN109440152A CN 109440152 A CN109440152 A CN 109440152A CN 201811630369 A CN201811630369 A CN 201811630369A CN 109440152 A CN109440152 A CN 109440152A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
- C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
- C25D5/14—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium two or more layers being of nickel or chromium, e.g. duplex or triplex layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of iron embryo electroplating technologies, comprising the following steps: S1, pre-electroplating treatment carry out derusting oil removal treatment to iron embryo surface；S2, pre- plating bottom nickle, it will be in electrolytic cell of the iron embryo merging containing pre-plating solution Jing Guo pre-treatment, it includes the nickel sulfate of 200-300g/L, the nickel chloride of 20-40g/L, the boric acid of 35-50g/L, the activator of 15-20mL/L and the complexing agent of 0.5-1mL/L that pre-plating solution, which is matched, surplus is deionized water, in the case that PH is adjusted to 3.5-3.8, using workpiece as cathode, the current density being passed through is 1-4A/dm2, the reaction time is greater than 1min；The present invention is substituted traditional cyanide alkaline copper plating using nickel preplating, will not generate hypertoxic gas in production process, avoid the health for endangering operator by changing the electroplating technology of conventional iron embryo.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electroplating technology technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of iron embryo electroplating technology.
Background technique
Plating is exactly to plate the process of the other metal or alloy of a thin layer on certain metal surfaces using electrolysis principle, is
The technique of the surface of metal or other materials product attachment layer of metal film is set to prevent metal oxygen to play using electrolysis
The effects of changing (as corroded), improving wearability, electric conductivity, reflective, corrosion resistance (copper sulphate etc.) and having improved aesthetic appearance.
As the environmental consciousness of people is higher and higher, various circles of society and environmental protection work personnel's environmental pollution are administered
It is required that being increasingly stringenter, original electroplating technology before, which has much all made optimization, to be improved, and reinforces the processing to waste water and gas,
However the mode processing cost for first polluting post-processing is high, and treatment effect is unsatisfactory, therefore how to improve existing electricity
Depositing process process is allowed to few generate and does not generate the developing direction that exhaust gas waste water is only current demand even.
Existing iron embryo electroplating technology is substantially and activate and by three or more using the hydrochloric acid of 30% concentration
After washing, carries out cyanide and plate alkali copper, the formula of the electroplate liquid in cyanide alkaline copper plating technique includes: cuprous cyanide, cyaniding
Sodium and sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate are plating bright nickel or light later in 40-60 DEG C of at a temperature of progress cyanide alkaline copper plating technique
Together, process flow is specifically includes the following steps: extension → high temeperature chemistry oil removing → tri- washings → hydrochloride derusting → tri- on iron embryo
Washing → hydrochloric acid solution activation → tri- washings → alkalinity neutralization → cyanide alkaline copper plating → → tri- washing of recycling washing →
Sour neutralization → bright nickel plating (bright copper) → post-processing.
However existing electroplating technology suffers from the drawback that cyanide alkaline copper plating involved in 1, electroplating technology process walks
Suddenly, cyanide belongs to controlled hazardous chemical, if misoperation makes cyanide and sour hybrid reaction, can generate hypertoxic gas
Hydrogen cyanide；2, in order to use cyanide alkaline copper plating technique, the pre-treatment of plating needs to be washed with multiple tracks, generates largely containing acid
Exhaust gas, waste water；3, process flow very complicated, multiple tracks washing process wastes great lot of water resources, and liquid is easy to happen between process
Body is reported to the leadship after accomplishing a task pollution, and the pollutant treatment in addition generated in washing process is at high cost.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of iron embryo electroplating technologies.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of iron embryo electroplating technology, comprising the following steps:
S1, pre-electroplating treatment carry out derusting oil removal treatment to iron embryo surface；
S2, pre- plating bottom nickle, by electrolytic cell of the iron embryo merging containing pre-plating solution Jing Guo pre-treatment, the electroplate liquid of nickel preplating includes
The boric acid of the nickel sulfate of 200-300g/L, the nickel chloride of 20-40g/L and 35-50g/L, surplus are deionized water, and PH adjusting is arrived
In the case where 3.5-3.8, using workpiece as cathode, the current density being passed through is 1-4A/dm2, the reaction time is greater than 1min；
S3, bright nickel plating or bright copper will be placed in electrolytic cell, the electroplate liquid of bright nickel plating by the workpiece of pre- plating bottom nickle processing
The nickel chloride of nickel sulfate, 45-65g/L including 220-260g/L and the boric acid of 35-45g/L control reaction temperature in 50-60
DEG C, the current density of cathode is 2-5A/dm2；The electroplate liquid of electroplating bright copper includes the copper sulphate and 55-75g/ of 180-220g/L
The sulfuric acid of L, by reaction temperature control at 18 DEG C, the current density of cathode is 1.5-4 A/dm2。
In further technical solution, the pre-electroplating treatment process successively includes that iron embryo is screened, hung on workpiece, chemistry removes
Oil, anode electrolysis oil removing, together washing, catholyte oil removing and three washings.
In further technical solution, in iron embryo screening process, the individual that surface in iron embryo workpiece is seriously got rusty is screened
Out, by machine polishing surface or using antifoggant HCl treatment surface is added with, surface iron rust is dispelled to realize.
In further technical solution, hung in process on workpiece, it is matching by being mounted on by the workpiece of screening process
Mold on, exceptionally in addition to the conductive header that contacts with workpiece, other positions are coated with the insulating cement of acid-fast alkali-proof to mold.
In further technical solution, in electrochemical deoiling process, polished using surface of the buffing wax to iron embryo workpiece,
Oil removal treatment is carried out to iron embryo workpiece surface with ultrasonic wave wax oil after polishing.
In further technical solution, in anode electrolysis oil removal treatment process, using iron embryo workpiece as anode, anode is added
Electrolytic degreasing powder and except being powered after film, to realize the dust and greasy dirt of further dispelling iron embryo workpiece surface.
In further technical solution, one of washing process work, with the waste water generated in three washing steps to workpiece table
Face carries out washing process.
In further technical solution, in catholyte oil removal treatment process, using iron embryo workpiece as cathode, cathode is added
It is powered after electrolytic degreasing powder, to realize the dust and greasy dirt of further dispelling iron embryo workpiece surface.
In further technical solution, in three washing process, iron embryo is rinsed three times with tap water, and last time washing is
It injects normal-temperature water and carries out adverse current washing, and control PH≤8 of tap water.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that the 1, galvanizer of the invention by changing conventional iron embryo
Skill is substituted traditional cyanide alkaline copper plating using nickel preplating, will not generate hypertoxic gas in production process, avoid endangering
The health of operator；2, at one layer of bottom nickel of iron embryo surface preplating, pre- plating bottom nickle technique effective activation iron embryo workpiece surface, preceding place
Without the washing of acidic activated and multiple tracks in science and engineering skill, acidic activated bring pollutant treatment problem is avoided, saves water resource；
3, cyanide is not contained in waste water and gas, pollutant treatment difficulty is small, and processing cost is low.
Specific embodiment
It is only below presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of iron embryo electroplating technology, comprising the following steps:
S1, the screening of iron embryo, the individual that surface is seriously got rusty in iron embryo workpiece is screened, and by machine polishing surface or is made
With antifoggant HCl treatment surface is added with, surface iron rust is dispelled to realize.
Hang, will be mounted on matching mold by the iron embryo of screening process on S2, workpiece, mold in addition to workpiece
Exceptionally, other positions are coated with the insulating cement of acid-fast alkali-proof to the conductive header of contact.
S3, electrochemical deoiling come since the surface of iron embryo workpiece can generally be coated with a large amount of antirust oil using as antirust treatment,
Polished using surface of the buffing wax to iron embryo workpiece, after polishing at 60-80 DEG C, with ultrasonic wave wax oil to iron embryo workpiece at
Reason 3 minutes or more, the specific time was depending on the clean level of workpiece surface.
In S4, anode electrolysis oil removal treatment process, using iron embryo workpiece as anode, the commercially available anode electrolysis of 60g/L is added
Degreasing powder and except being powered after film, current density 10A/dm3, it can also additionally incorporate ironware except film, reaction time 3min,
To realize the dust and greasy dirt of further dispelling iron embryo workpiece surface.
S5, one of washing process work carry out water to workpiece surface with the cycling utilization of wastewater generated in three washing steps
Wash processing.
In S6, catholyte oil removal treatment process, using iron embryo workpiece as cathode, electrolytic cell both sides are provided as anode
Stainless steel plate is powered after the commercially available catholyte degreasing powder of 60g/L is added, current density 10A/dm3, the reaction time is
3min, the gas formed using iron embryo surface when electrolysis are taken away dirt and dust jack-up, further dispel iron embryo to realize
The dust and greasy dirt of workpiece surface.
S7, three washing process, three times using tap water cleaning workpiece surface, last one of washing process need to control certainly
PH≤8 of water.
Iron embryo Jing Guo pre-treatment is placed in the electrolytic cell containing pre-plating solution, the electroplate liquid of nickel preplating by S8, pre- plating bottom nickle
The nickel chloride of nickel sulfate, 20g/L including 200g/L and the boric acid of 35g/L, surplus is deionized water, and PH is adjusted to 3.5
In the case of, using workpiece as cathode, the current density being passed through is 1/dm2, the reaction time is greater than 1min；
S9, bright nickel plating or bright copper will be placed in electrolytic cell, the electroplate liquid of bright nickel plating by the workpiece of pre- plating bottom nickle processing
The nickel chloride of nickel sulfate, 45g/L including 220g/L and the boric acid of 35g/L control reaction temperature at 50-60 DEG C, cathode
Current density is 2A/dm2；The electroplate liquid of electroplating bright copper includes the copper sulphate of 180g/L and the sulfuric acid of 55g/L, by reaction temperature
At 18 DEG C, the current density of cathode is 1.5 A/dm for control2。
Dust removal process is dried to workpiece in S10, post-processing.
Embodiment 2:
S1, the screening of iron embryo, the individual that surface is seriously got rusty in iron embryo workpiece is screened, and by machine polishing surface or is made
With antifoggant HCl treatment surface is added with, surface iron rust is dispelled to realize.
Hang, will be mounted on matching mold by the iron embryo of screening process on S2, workpiece, mold in addition to workpiece
Exceptionally, other positions are coated with the insulating cement of acid-fast alkali-proof to the conductive header of contact.
S3, electrochemical deoiling come since the surface of iron embryo workpiece can generally be coated with a large amount of antirust oil using as antirust treatment,
Polished using surface of the buffing wax to iron embryo workpiece, after polishing at 60-80 DEG C, with ultrasonic wave wax oil to iron embryo workpiece at
Reason 3 minutes or more, the specific time was depending on the clean level of workpiece surface.
In S4, anode electrolysis oil removal treatment process, using iron embryo workpiece as anode, the commercially available anode electrolysis of 80g/L is added
Degreasing powder and except being powered after film, current density 15A/dm3, can also additionally incorporate ironware except film, the reaction time is
1.5min, to realize the dust and greasy dirt of further dispelling iron embryo workpiece surface.
S5, one of washing process work carry out water to workpiece surface with the cycling utilization of wastewater generated in three washing steps
Wash processing.
In S6, catholyte oil removal treatment process, using iron embryo workpiece as cathode, electrolytic cell both sides are provided as anode
Stainless steel plate is powered after the commercially available catholyte degreasing powder of 80g/L is added, current density 15A/dm3, the reaction time is
1.5min, the gas formed using iron embryo surface when electrolysis are taken away dirt and dust jack-up, further dispel iron to realize
The dust and greasy dirt of embryo workpiece surface.
S7, three washing process, three times using tap water cleaning workpiece surface, last one of washing process need to control certainly
PH≤8 of water.
Iron embryo Jing Guo pre-treatment is placed in the electrolytic cell containing pre-plating solution, the electroplate liquid of nickel preplating by S8, pre- plating bottom nickle
The nickel chloride of nickel sulfate, 30g/L including 250g/L and the boric acid of 45g/L, surplus is deionized water, and PH is adjusted to 3.6
In the case of, using workpiece as cathode, the current density being passed through is 2A/dm2, the reaction time is greater than 1min；
S9, bright nickel plating or bright copper will be placed in electrolytic cell, the electroplate liquid of bright nickel plating by the workpiece of pre- plating bottom nickle processing
The nickel chloride of nickel sulfate, 55g/L including 240g/L and the boric acid of 40g/L control reaction temperature at 50-60 DEG C, cathode
Current density is 4A/dm2；The electroplate liquid of electroplating bright copper includes the copper sulphate of 200g/L and the sulfuric acid of 65g/L, by reaction temperature
At 18 DEG C, the current density of cathode is 3A/dm for control2。
Dust removal process is dried to workpiece in S10, post-processing.
Embodiment 3:
S1, the screening of iron embryo, the individual that surface is seriously got rusty in iron embryo workpiece is screened, and by machine polishing surface or is made
With antifoggant HCl treatment surface is added with, surface iron rust is dispelled to realize.
Hang, will be mounted on matching mold by the iron embryo of screening process on S2, workpiece, mold in addition to workpiece
Exceptionally, other positions are coated with the insulating cement of acid-fast alkali-proof to the conductive header of contact.
S3, electrochemical deoiling come since the surface of iron embryo workpiece can generally be coated with a large amount of antirust oil using as antirust treatment,
Polished using surface of the buffing wax to iron embryo workpiece, after polishing at 60-80 DEG C, with ultrasonic wave wax oil to iron embryo workpiece at
Reason 3 minutes or more, the specific time was depending on the clean level of workpiece surface.
In S4, anode electrolysis oil removal treatment process, using iron embryo workpiece as anode, the commercially available anode electrolysis of 100g/L is added
Degreasing powder and except being powered after film, current density 20A/dm3, it can also additionally incorporate ironware except film, reaction time 1min,
To realize the dust and greasy dirt of further dispelling iron embryo workpiece surface.
S5, one of washing process work carry out water to workpiece surface with the cycling utilization of wastewater generated in three washing steps
Wash processing.
In S6, catholyte oil removal treatment process, using iron embryo workpiece as cathode, electrolytic cell both sides are provided as anode
Stainless steel plate is powered after the commercially available catholyte degreasing powder of 100g/L is added, current density 20A/dm3, the reaction time is
1min, the gas formed using iron embryo surface when electrolysis are taken away dirt and dust jack-up, further dispel iron embryo to realize
The dust and greasy dirt of workpiece surface.
S7, three washing process, three times using tap water cleaning workpiece surface, last one of washing process need to control certainly
PH≤8 of water.
Iron embryo Jing Guo pre-treatment is placed in the electrolytic cell containing pre-plating solution, the electroplate liquid of nickel preplating by S8, pre- plating bottom nickle
The nickel chloride of nickel sulfate, 20g/L including 200g/L and the boric acid of 35g/L, surplus is deionized water, and PH is adjusted to 3.5
In the case of, using workpiece as cathode, the current density being passed through is 4A/dm2, the reaction time is greater than 1min；
S9, bright nickel plating or bright copper will be placed in electrolytic cell, the electroplate liquid of bright nickel plating by the workpiece of pre- plating bottom nickle processing
The nickel chloride of nickel sulfate, 65g/L including 260g/L and the boric acid of 45g/L control reaction temperature at 50-60 DEG C, cathode
Current density is 5A/dm2；The electroplate liquid of electroplating bright copper includes the copper sulphate of 220g/L and the sulfuric acid of 75g/L, by reaction temperature
At 18 DEG C, the current density of cathode is 4A/dm for control2。
Dust removal process is dried to workpiece in S10, post-processing.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention
Thought, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range, and the content of the present specification should not be construed as to the present invention
Limitation.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of iron embryo electroplating technology, which comprises the following steps:
S1, pre-electroplating treatment carry out derusting oil removal treatment to iron embryo surface；
S2, pre- plating bottom nickle, by electrolytic cell of the iron embryo merging containing pre-plating solution Jing Guo pre-treatment, the electroplate liquid of nickel preplating includes
The boric acid of the nickel sulfate of 200-300g/L, the nickel chloride of 20-40g/L and 35-50g/L, surplus are deionized water, and PH adjusting is arrived
In the case where 3.5-3.8, using workpiece as cathode, the current density being passed through is 1-4A/dm2, the reaction time is greater than 1min；
S3, bright nickel plating or bright copper will be placed in electrolytic cell, the electroplate liquid of bright nickel plating by the workpiece of pre- plating bottom nickle processing
The nickel chloride of nickel sulfate, 45-65g/L including 220-260g/L and the boric acid of 35-45g/L control reaction temperature in 50-60
DEG C, the current density of cathode is 2-5A/dm2；The electroplate liquid of electroplating bright copper includes the copper sulphate and 55-75g/ of 180-220g/L
The sulfuric acid of L, by reaction temperature control at 18 DEG C, the current density of cathode is 1.5-4 A/dm2。
2. a kind of iron embryo electroplating technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pre-electroplating treatment process is successively wrapped
Include that the screening of iron embryo, extensions on workpiece, electrochemical deoiling, anode electrolysis oil removing, washing, catholyte oil removing and three wash together.
3. a kind of iron embryo electroplating technology according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in iron embryo screening process, by iron embryo work
The individual that surface is seriously got rusty in part screens, by machine polishing surface or using added with antifoggant HCl treatment table
Surface iron rust is dispelled to realize in face.
4. a kind of iron embryo electroplating technology according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: it is hung in process on workpiece, it will be through being sieved
Select the workpiece of process to be mounted on matching mold, mold in addition to the conductive header that is contacted with workpiece exceptionally, other positions
It is coated with the insulating cement of acid-fast alkali-proof.
5. a kind of iron embryo electroplating technology according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in electrochemical deoiling process, using polishing
Wax polishes to the surface of iron embryo workpiece, carries out oil removal treatment to iron embryo workpiece surface with ultrasonic wave wax oil after polishing.
6. a kind of iron embryo electroplating technology according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in anode electrolysis oil removal treatment process,
Using iron embryo workpiece as anode, anode electrolysis degreasing powder is added and except being powered after film, further dispels iron embryo workpiece to realize
The dust and greasy dirt on surface.
7. a kind of iron embryo electroplating technology according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: one of washing process work, with three water
It washes the waste water generated in process and washing process is carried out to workpiece surface.
8. a kind of iron embryo electroplating technology according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: in catholyte oil removal treatment process,
It using iron embryo workpiece as cathode, is powered after catholyte degreasing powder is added, to realize the ash for further dispelling iron embryo workpiece surface
Dirt and greasy dirt.
9. a kind of iron embryo electroplating technology according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: in three washing process, use tap water
Rinse iron embryo three times, last time washing carries out adverse current washing for injection normal-temperature water, and controls PH≤8 of tap water.
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| CN201811630369.5A CN109440152A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of iron embryo electroplating technology |
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| CN110468437A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-19 | 胜利油田金岛实业有限责任公司胜岛石油机械厂 | A kind of preparation method of petroleum stainless steel pipes corrosion resistance structure |
| CN114959819A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-08-30 | 滨中元川金属制品（昆山）有限公司 | Nickel electroplating process suitable for SUS430 stainless steel |
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