CN103806061A - Process for reducing low internal stress of hub electroplated layer through semi-bright nickel electroplating procedure - Google Patents

Process for reducing low internal stress of hub electroplated layer through semi-bright nickel electroplating procedure Download PDF

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CN103806061A
CN103806061A CN201210451086.0A CN201210451086A CN103806061A CN 103806061 A CN103806061 A CN 103806061A CN 201210451086 A CN201210451086 A CN 201210451086A CN 103806061 A CN103806061 A CN 103806061A
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bright nickel
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刘茂见
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WUXI SANZHOU COLD ROLLED SILICON STEEL CO Ltd
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WUXI SANZHOU COLD ROLLED SILICON STEEL CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a process for reducing the low internal stress of a hub electroplated layer through a semi-bright nickel electroplating procedure. In a semi-bright nickel electroplating step, a solution formula consists of 100-150g.dm<-3> of nickel sulfate (NiSO4.6H2O), 10-30g.dm<-3> of nickel chloride (NiCl2.6H2O), 20-30g.dm<-3> of boric acid (H3BO3), 1-2g.dm<-3> of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1-2g.dm<-3> of butynediol and 0.1-0.2g.dm<-3> of sodium maltodextrin, and the operating conditions are that the temperature is 45-55 DEG C, the pH value is 2-3, the anode current density is 1-3A.dm<-2>, the time is 10-20 minutes, and air stirring and continuous filtration are performed. By adopting the process, a metal coating with high bonding force and high corrosion resistance can be obtained on the surface of a magnesium alloy motorcycle hub, the internal stress of the coating is reduced, and the phenomenon of cracking during use is avoided.

Description

A kind of technique of passing through half bright nickel plating operation reduction wheel hub electrolytic coating low internal stress
Technical field
The present invention relates to electroplating technology field, be specifically related to a kind of technique of passing through half bright nickel plating operation reduction wheel hub electrolytic coating low internal stress.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy possesses lightweight, the excellent properties such as specific tenacity is high, Anti-impact shock-absorbing, is considered to aluminium alloy substitute fabulous in automotive industry.Magnesium alloy is applied to automotive industry, can alleviate vehicle weight, is an effective way that reduces energy consumption and reduce exhaust gas emission.Wheel hub is to account for one of parts that complete vehicle weight is larger, utilizes magnesium alloy as the material of manufacturing wheel hub, can reach the object that effectively alleviates car weight.At present, the wheel hub of being manufactured by magnesium alloy has been widely applied on motorcycle.But the chemical property of magnesium alloy is very active, corrosion resisting property is poor, is easy to occur the destruction such as spot corrosion and galvanic corrosion in environment for use, constitutes a serious threat for the safety of motorcycle.Therefore, corrosion prevention be magnesium alloy in the time that automotive field is applied sixty-four dollar question it
At present, plated metal combined plating on magnesium alloy motorcycle hub, relevant document and patented technology report are seldom in the world.In the ASTMB480-88 standard that American society association formulates, two kinds of methods at Mg alloy surface metal lining coating are advised, be prussiate strike copper plating technique and direct electroless nickel technique, its technical process is respectively (1) mechanical grinding → oil removing → acid etch → activation → the soak pre-copper facing → chemical nickel plating of zinc → prussiate or plating; (2) mechanical grinding → oil removing → acid etch → hydrofluoric acid activation → chemical nickel plating → passivation sealing of hole.Magnesium alloy soaks the pre-plating process of cyanide copper plating after zinc and also has Dow technique, Norskhydro technique and WCM technique.The human health damage bringing for fear of the use of prussiate and environmental pollution, developed the pre-plating process that soaks electro-galvanizing after zinc or pyrophosphate electroplating copper afterwards.Although existing magnesium alloy plating treatment technology can successfully obtain metal plating at Mg alloy surface, there is defect and the deficiency of the following aspects:
(1) magnesium alloy prussiate strike copper plating technique has been used hypertoxic prussiate, the large and contaminate environment to human health damage.Dow technique, Norskhydro technique and WCM technique are unstable, and action pane is narrow, and after plating, plating piece defect is many.
(2) magnesium alloy direct chemical nickel-plating technique has been used the pretreatment solution containing sexavalent chrome Cr (VI) and hydrofluoric acid, the large and contaminate environment to human health damage; Chemical nickel-plating solution is a thermodynamic unstable system, and the work-ing life of plating solution is short, and production cost is high.
(3) magnesium alloy soaks the zinc metal level that galvanizing technique obtains after zinc and remains a kind of difficult metallizing, also needs after special preplating is processed, just to carry out routine plating, as acid coppering, bright nickel etc.This makes the technical process of magnesium alloy plating processing become loaded down with trivial details, and production cost improves.Therefore, electro-galvanized layer generally, as final coating on magnesium alloy, does not remake the plating of other combined plating, and its anticorrosion ability is limited.
(4) magnesium alloy soaks after zinc Direct Electroplating copper in pyrophosphate salt solution, easily occurs that copper coating and magnesium alloy substrate caking power are bad.Because pyrophosphate ion is poor to the complex ability of cupric ion, the electromotive force of magnesium alloy substrate and metallic copper differs greatly, and in pyrophosphate salt solution, when electro-coppering, violent replacement(metathesis)reaction occurs for substrate magnesium and cupric ion, and the bonding force of copper coating and substrate is declined.The compactness of pre-plating layer is inadequate, plating piece corrosion in the time of acid coppering.
(5) the magnesium alloy metal plating coating technology of existing bibliographical information is laboratory result, has no the electroplating industry application of magnesium-alloy material; Research mostly concentrates on the pre-treatment of magnesium alloy plating, does not propose the complete scheme of magnesium alloy combination electroplating technology.
CN 101280445A discloses to adopt without cyanogen Chrome-free plating pretreatment solution and on magnesium alloy motorcycle hub, has combined electroplating technique, by electronickelling and burnt copper as double-deck bottoming coating, then carry out the plating of Cu/Ni/Cr combined plating, obtain high anti-corrosion Cu/Ni/Cr combination metal plating at surface of magnesium alloy motorcycle hub.This technique is strong in the metal plating bonding force of surface of magnesium alloy motorcycle hub acquisition, solidity to corrosion is high, and has the healthy outstanding feature with avoiding environmental pollution of support personnel.
But above-mentioned document is not studied the problem of internal stress.And electrolytic coating generally can produce internal stress, this internal stress can affect the mechanical property of wheel hub, causes wheel hub in use easily to occur cracking.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, one of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of technique of passing through half bright nickel plating operation reduction wheel hub electrolytic coating low internal stress.Described technique can obtain bonding force is strong, solidity to corrosion is high metal plating at surface of magnesium alloy motorcycle hub, avoid using in HUMAN HEALTH and the large prussiate and sexavalent chrome Cr (VI) compound of environmental hazard, reduces the internal stress of coating and avoids the easy cracking phenomena in use procedure.
The coating internal stress that the present invention has studied in magnesium alloy materials multi-layer plating process changes, and result shows that the increase of semi-bright nickel coating internal stress is the most remarkable.And further find semi-bright nickel coating internal stress and plating solution pH, cathode current density, electroplating temperature, plating solution composition close relation, proposed to reduce thus the measure of aluminium alloy wheel hub electrolytic coating internal stress by developing half new bright nickel plating technique.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of technique of passing through half bright nickel plating operation reduction wheel hub electrolytic coating low internal stress, it is characterized in that: this technical process is: mechanical polishing → paraffin removal → alkali cleaning → pickling → activation → soak zinc → electronickelling → pyrophosphate copper plating → electroplating acid copper, semi-bright nickel, bright nickel and chromium, wherein between above steps, wash with a water respectively, and solution formula and the operational condition of plating semi-bright nickel step are: single nickel salt (NiSO 46H 2o): 100-150gdm -3, nickelous chloride (NiCl 26H 2o): 10-30gdm -3, boric acid (H 3bO 3): 20-30gdm -3, sodium laurylsulfonate: 1-2gdm -3, butynediol: 1-2gdm -3, dextrin sodium: 0.1-0.2gdm -3, temperature: 45-55 ℃, pH value: 2-3, cathode current density: 1-3Adm -2, time: 10-20min, pneumatic blending, continuous filtration.
Below each step in technique of the present invention is further illustrated:
1, mechanical polishing.Hub surface mechanical polishing refers to the various surface imperfection that exist with on the physical means elimination piece surfaces such as polishing, polishing, as physical abuse, oxide compound, surface are mingled with, corrosion, spot, reduce plating front surface roughness, for part plating provides a good condition of surface.This to improve electrolytic coating on magnesium alloy motorcycle hub quality, reduce plating process unacceptable product, to reduce production costs be vital.
2, paraffin removal and alkali cleaning oil removing.Hub surface is after mechanical polishing is processed, and surface can residual buffing wax and greasy dirt.These dirts must thoroughly be removed before plating, otherwise can the serious bonding force that reduces coating and substrate.The mode that the removing of buffing wax and greasy dirt adopts ultrasonic wave paraffin removal and alkali cleaning oil removing to combine is carried out, and can effectively eliminate various saponifiable oils and the non-saponified oil of workpiece surface.
3, pickling.The solution formula of acid pickling step and operational condition are: phosphoric acid H 3pO 4(85%): 605cm 3dm -3, nitric acid HNO 3(69%): 30cm 3dm -3, sodium lauryl sulphate (C 12h 25sO 3na): 0.1gdm -3, temperature: room temperature, time: 20-30s.The object of pickling is to remove the oxide compound of surface of magnesium alloy motorcycle hub, the loose cold working metal adhering to and embedded surperficial dirt (sand, the passive film of oxide compound, embedding and the lubricated wet goods burning), make it expose magnesium alloy metallic matrix, prevent from declining because the dirts such as trapped oxide between substrate and coating cause binding force of cladding material.
4, activation.Solution formula in activation step and operational condition are: potassium pyrophosphate (K 4p 2o 73H 2o): 100-120gdm -3, sodium carbonate (Na 2cO 3): 15gdm -3, Potassium monofluoride (KF): 7gdm -3, temperature: 60-65 ℃, time: 3-4min.The object of activation is further to remove oxide compound and the pickling residue of specimen surface, and makes Mg alloy surface produce one deck magnesium fluoride film.This layer of incomplete magnesium fluoride film can make magnesium alloy substrate surface electromotive force homogenizing, reduces the erosion rate of substrate in post-treatment solution, is conducive to obtain the good coating of bonding force.
5, soak zinc.Solution formula and the operational condition of soaking zinc step are: zinc sulfate (ZnSO 47H 2o): 50gdm -3, potassium pyrophosphate (K 4p 2o 73H 2o): 174gdm -3, sodium carbonate (Na 2cO 3): 5gdm -3, Potassium monofluoride (KF): 7gdm -3or lithium fluoride (LiF): 3gdm -3, pH value: 10.2-10.4, temperature: 63-65 ℃, time: 30-90s.The object of soaking zinc is by the skim zinc in surface of magnesium alloy motorcycle hub deposition of the replacement(metathesis)reaction between zine ion in magnesium alloy motorcycle hub substrate and zinc dipping solution, reduces substrate surface activity, prevents that surface of magnesium alloy motorcycle hub is not oxidized again.Meanwhile, zinc rete can reduce the potential difference between magnesium alloy substrate and pre-nickel plating, strengthens the bonding force between matrix and nickel coating.
6, electronickelling and pyrophosphate copper plating.After soaking zinc, first electroplates magnesium alloy motorcycle hub the nickel that one deck and substrate magnesium and zinc-impregnating layer potential difference are less; then in alkaline copper pyrophosphate solution, electroplate skim copper; make surface of magnesium alloy motorcycle hub form densification, bottoming coating that bonding force is strong, directly carry out Cu/Ni/Cr combination and electroplate good provide protection is provided for follow-up.The solution formula of wherein electronickelling step and operational condition are: single nickel salt (NiSO 46H 2o): 100-120gdm -3, fluorochemical (F -): 1.0-1.5moldm -3, ammonium citrate ((NH 4) 3c 6h 5o 7): 15-20gdm -3, soluble saccharin: 1-3gdm -3, pH value: 4.8-5.4, cathode current density: 2-4Adm -2, temperature: 45-55 ℃, time: 20-30min.The solution formula of pyrophosphate copper plating step and operational condition are: cupric pyrophosphate (Cu 2p 2o 7): 60gdm -3, potassium pyrophosphate (K 4p 2o 73H 2o): 300gdm -3, ammonium citrate (NH 4) 3c 6h 5o 7: 25gdm -3, temperature: 45-50 ℃, cathode current density: 1Adm -2, the time: 20min.
7, Cu/Ni/Cr combination is electroplated.Magnesium alloy motorcycle hub is after electronickelling and pyrophosphate copper plating bottoming, electroplating acid copper, semi-bright nickel, bright nickel and chromium successively again, can increase thickness of coating on the one hand, reduce porosity, can make the corrosion control of coating surface between semi-bright nickel and bright nickel, for Mg alloy surface provides good Corrosion Protection and decorative effect simultaneously.
Wherein, the solution formula of electroplating acid copper step and operational condition are: copper sulfate (CuSO 45H 2o): 200gdm -3, sulfuric acid (H 2sO 4) (ρ=1.84g/l): 35cm 3dm -3, chlorion (Cl -): 90mgdm -3, open cylinder agent: 6cm 3dm -3, fill and lead up agent: 0.5cm 3dm -3, brightening agent: 0.5cm 3dm -3, temperature: 25 ℃, cathode current density: 4Adm -2, time: 10min, pneumatic blending, continuous filtration.
Solution formula and the operational condition of electroplating semi-bright nickel step are: single nickel salt (NiSO 46H 2o): 100-150gdm -3, nickelous chloride (NiCl 26H 2o): 10-30gdm -3, boric acid (H 3bO 3): 20-30gdm -3, sodium laurylsulfonate: 1-2gdm -3, butynediol: 1-2gdm -3, dextrin sodium: 0.1-0.2gdm -3, temperature: 45-55 ℃, pH value: 2-3, cathode current density: 1-3Adm -2, time: 10-20min, pneumatic blending, continuous filtration.
The solution formula of Bright Nickel Electroplating step and operational condition are: single nickel salt (NiSO 4.6H 2o): 300gd -3, nickelous chloride (NiCl 2.6H 2o): 60gdm -3, boric acid (H 3bO 3): 48gdm -3, key light agent: 1cm 3dm -3, softening agent: 10cm 3dm -3, auxiliary: 4cm 3dm -3, wetting agent (Y-19): 1.5cm 3dm -3, temperature: 55 ℃, pH value: 4.5, cathode current density: 5Adm -2, time: 10min, pneumatic blending, continuous filtration.
The solution formula of electrodeposited chromium step and operational condition are: chromic anhydride (CrO 3): 250gdm -3, sulfuric acid (H 2sO 4) (ρ=1.84gdm -3): 1.0gdm -3, trivalent chromium (Cr 3+): 2.0gdm -3, additive A: 1cm 3dm -3, additive B: 5cm 3dm -3, temperature: 40 ℃, cathode current density: 15Adm -2, the time: 3min.
Surface of magnesium alloy motorcycle hub plating tool of the present invention has following advantage:
1, adopt the pre-electroplating treatment solution without cyanogen Chrome-free, reduced harm and environmental pollution to HUMAN HEALTH;
2, adopt the double-deck bottoming of electronickelling/tetra-sodium copper facing, bottoming compactness of electroplating is high, strong with the bonding force of magnesium alloy substrate, can electroplate good substrate is provided for subsequent combination coating; Bath stability is high, and long service life has been saved production cost.
3, adopt and soak the double-deck bottoming of electronickelling after zinc/burnt copper, then carrying out Cu/Ni/Cr combination electroplates, set up Zn/Ni/Cu-Cu/Ni/Cr combined plating structure at Mg alloy surface, can provide good corrosion resisting property and bright outward appearance for magnesium alloy, be magnesium alloy anticorrosion and decorate the complete electroplating technology of processing, solved the solution that adopts chemical nickel plating to bring unstable and make the problem such as problem and production cost rising of environmental pollution.
4, adopt special semi-bright nickel coating solution and technique to reduce the internal stress of coating, avoid the easy cracking phenomena in use procedure.
Embodiment
For ease of understanding the present invention, it is as follows that the present invention enumerates embodiment.Those skilled in the art should understand, described embodiment helps to understand the present invention, should not be considered as concrete restriction of the present invention.
Test materials is AM60 magnesium alloy motorcycle hub, and technical process is: mechanical polishing → paraffin removal → alkali cleaning → pickling → activation → soak zinc → electronickelling → electroplate burnt copper → electroplating acid copper → plating semi-bright nickel → bright nickel plating → chromium plating.(between each step, washing with a water)
(1) polishing adopts the mode of mechanical polishing that surface of magnesium alloy motorcycle hub is processed to surface-brightening.
(2) composition of paraffin removal paraffin removal and technological operation: coconut oil diethanol amide phosphoric acid salt: 18%-25% (mass percent), coconut oil diethanol amide: 5%-12%, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether: 1%-3%, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether: 1%-3%, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether phosphoric acid ester: 1%-5%, water: 56%-63%; Ultrasonic wave, temperature: 60-70 ℃, 10min.
(3) alkali cleaning oil removing sodium carbonate (Na 2cO 3): 15gdm -3, sodium phosphate (Na 3pO 412H 2o): 10gdm -3, water glass (Na 2siO 3): 15gdm -3, OP emulsifying agent: 3gdm -3, temperature: 65 ℃, the time: 8min.
(4) pickling phosphoric acid H 3pO 4(85%): 605cm 3dm -3, nitric acid HNO 3(69%): 30cm 3dm -3, sodium lauryl sulphate (C 12h 25sO 3na): 0.1gdm -3, temperature: room temperature, time: 25s.
(5) activation potassium pyrophosphate (K 4p 2o 73H 2o): 100gdm -3, sodium carbonate (Na 2cO 3): 15gdm -3, Potassium monofluoride (KF): 7gdm -3, temperature: 65 ℃, the time: 3min.
(6) soak zinc zinc sulfate (ZnSO 47H 2o): 50gdm -3, potassium pyrophosphate (K 4p 2o 73H 2o): 174gdm -3, sodium carbonate (Na 2cO 3): 5gdm -3, Potassium monofluoride (KF): 7gdm -3, temperature: 65 ℃, the time: 60s.
(7) electronickelling single nickel salt (NiSO 46H 2o): 100gdm -3, fluorochemical (F -): 1.2moldm -3, ammonium citrate (NH 4) 3c 6h 5o 7: 15gdm -3, soluble saccharin: 3gdm -3, pH value: 4.8, temperature: 50 ℃, cathode current density: 3Adm -2, the time: 20min.
(8) electroplate burnt copper cupric pyrophosphate (Cu 2p 2o 7): 60gdm -3, potassium pyrophosphate (K 4p 2o 73H 2o): 300gdm -3, ammonium citrate (NH 4) 3c 6h 5o 7: 25gdm -3, temperature: 45-50 ℃, cathode current density: 1Adm -2, the time: 20min.
(9) electroplating acid copper copper sulfate (CuSO 45H 2o): 200gdm -3, sulfuric acid (H 2sO 4) (ρ=1.84g/l): 35cm 3dm -3, chlorion (Cl -): 90mgdm -3, 510 open cylinder agent: 6cm 3dm -3, 510A fills and leads up agent: 0.5cm 3dm -3, 510B brightening agent: 0.5cm 3dm -3, temperature: 25 ℃, cathode current density: 4Adm -2, time: 10min, pneumatic blending, continuous filtration.
(10) electroplate semi-bright nickel single nickel salt.
(11) Bright Nickel Electroplating single nickel salt (NiSO 4.6H 2o): 300gdm -3, nickelous chloride (NiCl 2.6H 2o): 60gdm -3, boric acid (H 3bO 3): 48gdm -3, key light agent A:1cm 3dm -3, auxiliary SA-1:4cm 3dm -3, wetting agent (Y-19): 1.5cm 3dm -3, temperature: 55 ℃, pH value: 4.5, cathode current density: 5Adm -2, time: 10min, pneumatic blending, continuous filtration.
(12) electrodeposited chromium chromic anhydride (CrO 3): 250gdm -3, sulfuric acid (H 2sO 4) (ρ=1.84gdm -3): 1.0gdm -3, trivalent chromium (Cr 3+): 2.0gdm -3, additive A: 1cm 3dm -3, additive B: 5cm 3dm -3, temperature: 40 ℃, cathode current density: 15Adm -2, the time: 3min.
Between each step, clean with first water above.
Embodiment mono-
Described plating semi-bright nickel single nickel salt technique is: single nickel salt (NiSO 46H 2o): 100gdm -3, nickelous chloride (NiCl 26H 2o): 10gdm -3, boric acid (H 3bO 3): 20gdm -3, sodium laurylsulfonate: 1gdm -3, butynediol: 1gdm -3, dextrin sodium: 0.1gdm -3, temperature: 45 ℃, pH value: 2, cathode current density: 1Adm -2, time: 20min, pneumatic blending, continuous filtration.
Embodiment bis-
Described plating semi-bright nickel single nickel salt technique is: single nickel salt (NiSO 46H 2o): 150gdm -3, nickelous chloride (NiCl 26H 2o): 30gdm -3, boric acid (H 3bO 3): 30gdm -3, sodium laurylsulfonate: 2gdm -3, butynediol: 2gdm -3, dextrin sodium: 0.2gdm -3, temperature: 55 ℃, pH value: 3, cathode current density: 3Adm -2, time: 10min, pneumatic blending, continuous filtration.
Embodiment tri-
Described plating semi-bright nickel single nickel salt technique is: single nickel salt (NiSO 46H 2o): 125gdm -3, nickelous chloride (NiCl 26H 2o): 20gdm -3, boric acid (H 3bO 3): 25gdm -3, sodium laurylsulfonate: 1.5gdm -3, butynediol: 1.5gdm -3, dextrin sodium: 0.15gdm -3, temperature: 50 ℃, pH value: 2.5, cathode current density: 2Adm -2, time: 15min, pneumatic blending, continuous filtration.
Applicant's statement, the present invention illustrates detailed process equipment and process flow process of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process, do not mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, and the selections of the equivalence replacement to the each raw material of product of the present invention and the interpolation of ancillary component, concrete mode etc., within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention and open scope.

Claims (9)

1. one kind is reduced the technique of wheel hub electrolytic coating low internal stress by half bright nickel plating operation, it is characterized in that: this technical process is: mechanical polishing → paraffin removal → alkali cleaning → pickling → activation → soak zinc → electronickelling → pyrophosphate copper plating → electroplating acid copper, semi-bright nickel, bright nickel and chromium, wherein between above steps, wash respectively with a water, solution formula and the operational condition of described plating semi-bright nickel step are: single nickel salt (NiSO 46H 2o): 100-150gdm -3, nickelous chloride (NiCl 26H 2o): 10-30gdm -3, boric acid (H 3bO 3): 20-30gdm -3, sodium laurylsulfonate: 1-2gdm -3, butynediol: 1-2gdm -3, dextrin sodium: 0.1-0.2gdm -3, temperature: 45-55 ℃, pH value: 2-3, cathode current density: 1-3Adm -2, time: 10-20min, pneumatic blending, continuous filtration.
2. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the solution formula of described acid pickling step and operational condition are: phosphoric acid H 3pO 4(85%): 605cm 3dm -3, nitric acid HNO 3(69%): 30cm 3dm -3, sodium lauryl sulphate (C 12h 25sO 3na): 0.1gdm -3, temperature: room temperature, time: 20-30s.
3. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the solution formula of described activation step and operational condition are: potassium pyrophosphate (K 4p 2o 73H 2o): 100-120gdm -3, sodium carbonate (Na 2cO 3): 15gdm -3, Potassium monofluoride (KF): 7gdm -3, temperature: 60-65 ℃, time: 3-4min.
4. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in soak zinc step solution formula and operational condition be: zinc sulfate (ZnSO 47H 2o): 50gdm -3, potassium pyrophosphate (K 4p 2o 73H 2o): 174gdm -3, sodium carbonate (Na 2cO 3): 5gdm -3, Potassium monofluoride (KF): 7gdm -3or lithium fluoride (LiF): 3gdm -3, pH value: 10.2-10.4, temperature: 63-65 ℃, time: 30-90s.
5. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the solution formula of described pyrophosphate copper plating step and operational condition are: cupric pyrophosphate (Cu 2p 2o 7): 60gdm -3, potassium pyrophosphate (K 4p 2o 73H 2o): 300gdm -3, ammonium citrate (NH 4) 3c 6h 5o 7: 25gdm -3, temperature: 45-50 ℃, cathode current density: 1Adm -2, the time: 20min.
6. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the solution formula of described electroplating acid copper step and operational condition are: copper sulfate (CuSO 45H 2o): 200gdm -3, sulfuric acid (H 2sO 4) (ρ=1.84g/l): 35cm 3dm -3, chlorion (Cl -): 90mgdm -3, open cylinder agent: 6cm 3dm -3, fill and lead up agent: 0.5cm 3dm -3, brightening agent: 0.5cm 3dm -3, temperature: 25 ℃, cathode current density: 4Adm -2, time: 10min, pneumatic blending, continuous filtration.
7. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the solution formula of described Bright Nickel Electroplating step and operational condition are: single nickel salt (NiSO 4.6H 2o): 300gdm -3, nickelous chloride (NiCl 2.6H 2o): 60gdm -3, boric acid (H 3bO 3): 48gdm -3, key light agent: 1cm 3dm -3, softening agent: 10cm 3dm -3, auxiliary: 4cm 3dm -3, wetting agent (Y-19): 1.5cm 3dm -3, temperature: 55 ℃, pH value: 4.5, cathode current density: 5Adm -2, time: 10min, pneumatic blending, continuous filtration.
8. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the solution formula of described electrodeposited chromium step and operational condition are: chromic anhydride (CrO 3): 250gdm -3, sulfuric acid (H 2sO 4) (ρ=1.84gdm -3): 1.0gdm -3, trivalent chromium (Cr 3+): 2.0gdm -3, additive A: 1cm 3dm -3, additive B: 5cm 3dm -3, temperature: 40 ℃, cathode current density: 15Adm -2, the time: 3min.
9. according to the technique described in claim 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 or 8, it is characterized in that: in solution, the interpolation form of F-is ammonium bifluoride (NH 4hF 2), one or more mixture in Potassium monofluoride (KF), hydrofluoric acid (HF), Sodium Fluoride (NaF).
CN201210451086.0A 2012-11-12 2012-11-12 Process for reducing low internal stress of hub electroplated layer through semi-bright nickel electroplating procedure Pending CN103806061A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105177642A (en) * 2015-10-30 2015-12-23 姜少群 Electrochromism combined plating solution for aluminum alloy hub
CN105483783A (en) * 2015-10-30 2016-04-13 姜少群 Chromium electroplating method of aluminum alloy hub
CN107268050A (en) * 2017-07-06 2017-10-20 尼尔金属(苏州)有限公司 A kind of method of the nickel plating on aluminium and aluminum alloy coiled materials
CN112030198A (en) * 2020-07-28 2020-12-04 上海广弘实业有限公司 Inverter IGBT copper substrate nickel plating process
CN112626571A (en) * 2020-11-25 2021-04-09 成都宏明双新科技股份有限公司 Mixed nickel plating method for improving salt spray resistance test performance

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Application publication date: 20140521