CN109437412A - A kind of ecological fiber and preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of ecological fiber and preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109437412A CN109437412A CN201811567221.1A CN201811567221A CN109437412A CN 109437412 A CN109437412 A CN 109437412A CN 201811567221 A CN201811567221 A CN 201811567221A CN 109437412 A CN109437412 A CN 109437412A
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- ecological
- tio
- grass
- pani
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/02—Polyamines
- C08G73/026—Wholly aromatic polyamines
- C08G73/0266—Polyanilines or derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/94—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of other polycondensation products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ecological fiber, the TiO for being 10-30% including mass percent2, the PANI of the rGO of 20-40%, 30-50%.It forms blade of grass with the braiding of PAN class activated carbon fibre, and the ecological water plant with hollow out floating ball composition has special electricity production-conductive structure, with TiO2For photochemical catalyst, using rGO/PANI as conductive base；And the effect of load carriers is also acted as with the hydrogel that PANI is made into, and improve the mechanical property of fibrous material, flexibility；The advantages that with photo-quantum efficiency height, electron transfer rate is fast, reduces the compound of photo-generate electron-hole, and photochemical catalyst is not easy to fall, catalysis material is run steadily in the long term, and catalytic efficiency is higher；PAN class activated carbon fibre can also adsorb the pollutant in water, with TiO2The structure that/rGO/PANI fiber weaves mutually, can achieve the treatment effect more concentrated to pollutant in water body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fibers, and in particular to a kind of ecological fiber and preparation method and application belong to water ecology
Environmental protection and ecological restoration technical field.
Background technique
In natural water body, water plant plays the polluter in water body certain by itself vital movement
Catharsis.But China rivers and lakes are constantly contaminated, water quality deterioration, cause aquatile can not normal existence, water body
Self-purification capacity also decline therewith, vicious circle.It is led for environmental problems such as reply rivers and lakes eutrophication, heavy metal pollutions
Cause water plant can not normal growth, the case where water body self-purification ability declines, be put into artificial aquatic weed in water body, reduce pollution danger
Evil, is one of water environment ecological reestablishment used at present.
Artificial aquatic weed used at present is mainly that microorganism constructs the ring grown by materials such as high molecular polymers
The polluter in water is adsorbed, is removed to form biomembrane in border.But since carrier surface area is inadequate, micro- life
Object adhesion amount is few, not satisfactory to the clean-up effect of pollutant.
Photochemical catalyst is added in existing patent proposition in cursive script, handles pollutant by photocatalytic degradation come enhancement microbiological
Ability.Principle using microbiological treatment pollutant is with redox for main chemical species, to the organic matter in water
It is degraded, mineralising and contamination type anion carry out reduction removal.It is mainly with the principle that photochemical catalyst carrys out enhancement microbiological
Photohole and electronics based on photochemical catalyst are respectively provided with oxidisability and reproducibility, and photohole can be in direct oxidation water
Organic pollutant, and electronics can be utilized by microorganism, to reinforce the metabolic activity of microorganism, be strengthened with reaching to dirty in water
Contaminate the treatment effect of object.
On the whole, existing to be related to changing the construction of water plant to the type for improving photochemical catalyst, improve photo-catalysis capability into
And enhancement microbiological is relatively fewer to the research of the processing capacity of pollutant.
And the existing light-catalysed artificial aquatic weed of combination there are the following problems: the photo-quantum efficiency of 1, photochemical catalyst not
Height, photo-generate electron-hole is easily compound, causes photocatalysis effect unstable；2, photocatalyst is difficult, easily falls；3, water plant knot
Structure is unreasonable, can not maximum receive illumination, cause photocatalysis efficiency lower.
Summary of the invention
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, it purifies water the life of ability the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of raising water plant
State fiber.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of ecological fiber, including following mass percent component: the TiO of 10-30%2, the rGO(reduction-oxidation graphite of 20-40%
Alkene), the PANI(polyaniline of 30-50%).
A kind of production method of above-mentioned ecological fiber, comprising the following steps:
S1, component is pressed, ammonium persulfate is dissolved in the water, phytic acid and aniline are mixed in water；Above two mixed liquor is distinguished
It is mixed after cooling, hydrogel, cleaning, drying is made；
S2, component is pressed, by TiO2It is added in the aqueous solution of graphene oxide, ultrasound, filtering, washes, is dry at stirring, and constant temperature is living
After change, graphene oxide-TiO is made2Compound；
S3, by the hydrogel and graphene oxide-TiO after drying2Ascorbic acid is added in compound, ultrasonic mixing Yu Shuizhong,
It stirs evenly, injects the capillary of sealing, heating, dry, obtained TiO2/ rGO/PANI fiber.
Cooling temperature in above-mentioned steps S1 is 2-4 DEG C, and cleaning way is to be immersed in the water 10-12h, dry environment 40-
6-8h is dried in vacuo at 60 DEG C.
Ultrasonic time in above-mentioned steps S2 is 1-2h, and dry environment is to be dried in vacuo 2-4h at 100 DEG C, and isoperibol is
Constant temperature 2-4h after being warming up to 300 DEG C under nitrogen atmosphere with the rate of 4-6 DEG C/min.
Heating temperature in above-mentioned steps S3 is 180 DEG C, heating time 12h, and dry environment is dry 4- at 40-60 DEG C
6h。
A kind of ecology water plant, the blade of grass being connect including several bottoms with matrix；
The blade of grass is formed by fibrage, and weaving manner is preferably that plain weave is knitted.
The fiber includes above-mentioned ecological fiber, Carbon fibe, and Carbon fibe is preferably PAN class activated carbon fibre.
Above-mentioned blade of grass is in rectangle, long 50-60cm, wide 10-12cm；Matrix be in hollow out sphere, diameter 8-12cm, preferably
Steel wire hollow out ball.
Floating ball built in above-mentioned matrix.
A kind of above-mentioned ecological water plant of several strains being placed in river, it is adjacent between be divided into 50-60cm, and, blade of grass
Top is apart from water surface 0.4-0.6m.
A kind of above-mentioned ecological water plant, applies in water ecological setting protection and ecological restoration technical field.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
A kind of ecological water plant provided by the invention, blade of grass are used by TiO2/ rGO/PANI fiber and PAN class activated carbon fibre item are compiled
It knits, the special construction of blade of grass promotes the photocatalysis of material so as to receive the illumination of maximum area to the full extent
Effect.
TiO of the invention2/ rGO/PANI fibrous material, with TiO2For photochemical catalyst, using rGO/PANI as conductive base, and with
The hydrogel that PANI is made into also acts as the effect of load carriers, and improves the mechanical property of fibrous material, flexibility；By its production
The conductive special construction of electricity-has the advantages that photo-quantum efficiency is high, and electron transfer rate is fast, reduces answering for photo-generate electron-hole
It closes, while solving the disadvantage that traditional photochemical catalyst is easily fallen, so that catalysis material is run steadily in the long term, improve catalysis effect
Rate improves the ability of photocatalysis removal pollutant.
TiO2/ rGO/PANI fibrous material, surface are presented electropositive due to protonation, and general microorganism table
Face has negative electrical charge, and the two attracts each other because of electrostatic interaction, promotes be combineding with each other for material and microorganism, reduces electricity
Son is transmitted to the distance of microorganism, to improve microorganism to the utilization efficiency of electronics, enhances the metabolic activity of microorganism.
PAN class activated carbon fibre has good absorption property, can adsorb the pollutant in water, with TiO2/rGO/
The structure that PANI fiber weaves mutually can achieve the treatment effect more concentrated to pollutant in water body.In addition, PAN class is living
Property Carbon fibe is more advantageous to microorganism in its surface biofilm, is jointly processed by pollutant to reach photocatalysis and couple with microorganism
Effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of ecological water plant of the invention；
Fig. 2 is TiO of the invention2The SEM of/rGO schemes；
Fig. 3 is TiO of the invention2The SEM of microorganism when/rGO/PANI fiber surface 72h schemes；
Fig. 4 is the abundance histogram of water plant cursive script fiber surface bacterium of the invention；
Fig. 5 is DO, TOC, NH in water sample of the invention3The change curve of-N, TN, TP.
Attached meaning marked in the figure is as follows: 1, blade of grass, 2, sphere.
Specific embodiment
Specific introduce is made to the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The raw material of the present embodiment is all commercially available.
The detecting instrument that the present embodiment uses has:
| Index | Title | Model | Producer |
| DO | Portable dissolved oxygen analytic instrument | JPB-607A | Shanghai INESA Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd. |
| TOC | TOC analyzer | Multi N/C2100 | Analytik Jena AG |
| NH3-N/ TN/ TP | Ultraviolet specrophotometer | DR6000 | Hash company, the U.S. |
| SEM | SEM scanning electron microscope | SU3500 | Instrument Ltd., Hitachi |
A kind of ecological water plant as shown in Fig. 1, is made of, the bottom of blade of grass and sphere steel wire hollow out sphere and several blades of grass
Connection, sphere is interior to be equipped with floating ball.
Blade of grass is woven in such a way that plain weave is knitted by PAN class active carbon fibre peacekeeping ecological fiber.Blade of grass is in rectangle, long
50-60cm, wide 10-12cm；Sphere diameter is 8-12cm.
The ecological fiber of the present embodiment, including following mass percent component: the TiO of 10-30%2, the rGO of 20-40%,
The PANI of 30-50%.
Production method, comprising the following steps:
S1,4.56g ammonium persulfate is dissolved in deionized water, 18.4mL phytic acid, 9.6mL aniline is mixed in deionized water
Uniformly, then two kinds of solution are cooled to after 4 DEG C and are mixed rapidly, hydrogel is made after a few minutes, hydrogel is immersed into deionized water
Hydrogel after washing away extra reactant, is dried in vacuo 8h at 50 DEG C by middle 12h；
S2,50mg graphene oxide is dissolved in deionized water, 30mgTiO is added2, ultrasonic 1h, stirring keeps suspension uniform, mistake
After filter, washing, it is dried in vacuo 2h at 100 DEG C, rises to 300 in the heating furnace of nitrogen atmosphere with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min
Graphene oxide-TiO is made in DEG C constant temperature 3h2Compound (TiO2/ GO)；
S3,60mg hydrogel is taken, the graphene oxide-TiO with S2 preparation2Compound is mixed in deionized water, ultrasound 5 seconds
Sticky mass is obtained, excess of ascorbate is added and stirs evenly, then is injected into capillary, capillary is sealed, in 180 DEG C
Lower heating 12h is dried in vacuo 6h at 50 DEG C and TiO is made2/ rGO/PANI fiber.
Graphene oxide in S4, step S2 is commercially available, can also be made by this step:
Under low temperature, sulfuric acid and graphene are mixed, stirs, be slowly added to potassium permanganate, 2h is persistently stirred at 35 DEG C, then be placed in ice
In bath, deionized water dilution is added, hydrogen peroxide is added and bright yellow suspension occurs, is after purification filtered suspension with 10% hydrochloric acid, uses
Deionized water is rinsed 3 times, is dried in vacuo 8h at 50 DEG C.
Obtained material is added in gauge water again, ultrasonic 1h.Suspension is centrifuged 20min at 3,000 rpm, is collected solid
Body substance, as graphene oxide.
Embodiment 1
For small ring is arranged convenient for the bottom of operation, blade of grass, several blades of grass are connect with hollow out ball by small ring.Again by several strains
To be spaced apart from each other 50-60cm, the mode of blade of grass distance from top water surface 0.5m is laid in river water plant.
When laying, blade of grass extravagance as far as possible is opened, and guarantees that the area for receiving illumination is maximum, and mutually winding is not blocked between blade of grass,
It is more excellent and do not influence the performance of waters original normal function to reach treatment effect, make full use of the fiber of blade of grass carry out photocatalysis with
Microorganism coupling removal pollutant.
According to the difference in waters, and consider the navigation channel of ship, being spaced apart from each other between water plant and underwater penetration can be adjusted in real time
Section.
Embodiment 2:
It is convenient to be studied in labs for the pollutant process effect for studying the water plant, the ratio of water plant is contracted by 1:10
It is small.The situation in natural river is simulated, in the organic glass water vat of a height of 1 × 0.4 × 0.6m of length and width, water sample comes from Nanjing
The Qinhuaihe River, depth of water 0.5m place 10 concatenated water plant bodies, using halogen lamp as light source, illuminating area in long side two sides respectively
About 0.4m2, there are two outlets one on the other respectively in broadside two sides, connects water pump, circulate water, simulating riverway stream
Water.
The water sample just adopted is measured, records data as original value.Every other day, acquisition water sample is measured, altogether
It carries out 3 times.Meanwhile clip blade of grass analyzes the microbiologic population above it.
As shown in figure 4, being the abundance histogram of water plant fiber surface bacterium.
As shown in figure 5, to test DO, TOC, NH in water sample used3The change curve of-N, TN, TP.
After being put into water sample, the blade of grass braided fabric flexibility of water plant main body is good, and blade of grass area can spread into maximum, mention
High contact with water flow and the area for receiving illumination.
PAN class activated carbon fibre item in blade of grass braided fabric has good absorption property, can be improved and pollutes in water
The adsorption effect of object.
The structure of blade of grass improves photocatalysis performance and handles the enrichment of pollutant, while having good biology simultaneous again
Capacitive improves the ability of photocatalysis and microorganism coupling processing pollutant on the whole.
By PCR-TRFLP analysis it is found that blade of grass surface 24,48, there are many microorganism (mycetozoans, heavy wall by 72h
Bacterium, wart germ, odd archaeal, flexible wall bacterium, floating mould, nitrification spirillum, viscose ball bacteria, bud monad etc.) it coexists, illustrate this tool
Having the blade of grass of photo-catalysis function has good bio-compatibility and preferable biodegradation character；On the other hand, photocatalysis can
With to some microorganism difficulties using substance degrade, improve the ability of microbiological treatment pollutant.
Before experiment starts, TOC and TN in water are respectively 38.2mg/L and 4.25mg/L, after experiment has carried out 72h,
The concentration of TOC and TN is reduced to 30.3mg/L and 3.1mg/L respectively, shows that water plant has preferable pollutant process effect.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should
Understand, the above embodiments do not limit the invention in any form, all obtained by the way of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation
Technical solution is fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ecological fiber, which is characterized in that including following mass percent component: the TiO of 10-30%2, the rGO of 20-40%,
The PANI of 30-50%.
2. a kind of production method of ecological fiber according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
S1, component is pressed, ammonium persulfate is dissolved in the water, phytic acid and aniline are mixed in water；Above two mixed liquor is distinguished
It is mixed after cooling, hydrogel, cleaning, drying is made；
S2, component is pressed, by TiO2It is added in the aqueous solution of graphene oxide, ultrasound, stirring, filtering, washing, dry, constant temperature activation
Afterwards, graphene oxide-TiO is made2Compound；
S3, by the hydrogel and graphene oxide-TiO after drying2Compound, ultrasonic mixing Yu Shuizhong are added ascorbic acid, stir
It mixes uniformly, injects the capillary of sealing, heating, dry, obtained TiO2/ rGO/PANI fiber.
3. a kind of production method of ecological fiber according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the cooling in the step S1
Temperature is 2-4 DEG C, and cleaning way is to be immersed in the water 10-12h, and dry environment is to be dried in vacuo 6-8h at 40-60 DEG C.
4. a kind of production method of ecological fiber according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the ultrasound in the step S2
Time is 1-2h, and dry environment is that 2-4h is dried in vacuo at 100 DEG C, and isoperibol is under nitrogen atmosphere with 4-6 DEG C/min's
Constant temperature 2-4h after rate is warming up to 300 DEG C.
5. a kind of production method of ecological fiber according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the heating in the step S3
Temperature is 180 DEG C, heating time 12h, and dry environment is dry 4-6h at 40-60 DEG C.
6. a kind of ecology water plant, which is characterized in that the blade of grass being connect including several bottoms with matrix；
The blade of grass is formed by fibrage,
The fiber includes any ecological fiber of claim 1-6, Carbon fibe.
7. a kind of ecological water plant according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the blade of grass is in rectangle, and long 50-60cm is wide
10-12cm；Described matrix is in hollow out sphere, diameter 8-12cm.
8. a kind of ecological water plant according to claim 6, which is characterized in that floating ball built in described matrix.
9. a kind of several strains being placed in river ecological water plant as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that between adjacent
It is divided into 50-60cm, and, blade of grass top is apart from water surface 0.4-0.6m.
10. a kind of ecological water plant according to claim 6, which is characterized in that apply and protected and life in water ecological setting
State recovery technique field.
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| CN201811567221.1A CN109437412B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Ecological fiber and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN201811567221.1A CN109437412B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Ecological fiber and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN109437412B CN109437412B (en) | 2021-09-17 |
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| CN111644161A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Modified fiber ball loaded polyaniline composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN109437412B (en) | 2021-09-17 |
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