CN109437122B - Refined acid production process - Google Patents
Refined acid production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109437122B CN109437122B CN201811438748.4A CN201811438748A CN109437122B CN 109437122 B CN109437122 B CN 109437122B CN 201811438748 A CN201811438748 A CN 201811438748A CN 109437122 B CN109437122 B CN 109437122B
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- nicotinic acid
- tank body
- disc
- steam
- sulfuric acid
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 234
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/69—Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
- C01B17/90—Separation; Purification
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sulfuric acid production, and particularly relates to a refined acid production process.A sulfuric acid evaporator adopted by the invention comprises a nicotinic acid tank body, a water vapor tank body and a bracket; the water vapor tank body is arranged on the lower side of the nicotinic acid tank body; the nicotinic acid tank body is vertically arranged on the ground through a bracket; the interior of the water vapor tank body is separated into a vapor bin and a condensate bin through a partition plate; the side wall of the steam bin is provided with a steam inlet; a condensed water outlet is formed in the bottom of the side wall of the condensed water bin; a U-shaped pipe bundle is arranged in the nicotinic acid tank body; adding pure water to dilute the sulfuric acid into sulfuric acid finished products with different concentrations, and sending the sulfuric acid finished products into a cooling tower through a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is used for preheating water in the heating furnace, can reduce energy consumed by the heating furnace, and meanwhile accelerates the cooling of diluted sulfuric acid, thereby improving the production speed of the refined acid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sulfuric acid production, and particularly relates to a refined acid production process.
Background
Sulfuric acid is an important basic chemical raw material and a basic raw material in chemical industry, and the yield of the sulfuric acid is one of the production capacity marks of the national chemical industry. The refined sulfuric acid is one of fine chemicals, is widely applied to industries such as electronic communication, medicine and the like, and can also be used as a chemical reagent and a raw material of a storage battery. The refined sulfuric acid is colorless transparent oily liquid, and has strong oxidizing property, water absorption, dehydration property and corrosiveness. The evaporation separation of SO3 gas in nicotinic acid is a step in the current flow for producing refined acid, and the evaporation separation of SO3 gas in nicotinic acid is to heat and evaporate nicotinic acid by using a sulfuric acid evaporator.
In the prior technical scheme, the utilization rate of SO3 gas is low in the process of producing refined sulfuric acid, and after the sulfuric acid is prepared, the sulfuric acid needs to be sent into a cooling tower to be cooled for a long time, SO that the production speed of the refined sulfuric acid is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the problems that the U-shaped pipeline is high in cost and the nicotinic acid is not uniformly evaporated due to poor fluidity in a nicotinic acid tank body are solved; the invention provides a refined acid production process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a refined acid production process, which is characterized in that: the process comprises the following steps:
s1: starting a heating furnace to heat and evaporate water, and feeding evaporated steam into a sulfuric acid evaporator for heating nicotinic acid;
s2: on the basis of S1, evaporating SO3 gas in nicotinic acid by a sulfuric acid evaporator, dehydrating the SO3 gas and collecting the SO3 gas into a SO3 storage bin;
s3: filling SO3 gas in an SO3 storage bin into an absorption tower, absorbing the gas through desalted water to generate high-concentration refined sulfuric acid, dehydrating unabsorbed SO3 gas, filling the gas into an SO3 storage bin again, and recycling the SO3 gas; introducing the sulfuric acid after absorbing the SO3 gas into the absorption tower again through a circulating pump to absorb the SO3 gas again;
s4: when the concentration of the refined sulfuric acid reaches the standard, adding pure water to dilute the refined sulfuric acid into sulfuric acid finished products with different concentrations, and sending the sulfuric acid finished products into a cooling tower through a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is used for preheating water in the heating furnace in S1 and accelerating the cooling of the diluted sulfuric acid;
the adopted sulfuric acid evaporator comprises a nicotinic acid tank body, a water vapor tank body and a bracket; the water vapor tank body is arranged on the lower side of the nicotinic acid tank body; the nicotinic acid tank body is vertically arranged on the ground through a bracket; the interior of the water vapor tank body is separated into a vapor bin and a condensate bin through a partition plate; the side wall of the steam bin is provided with a steam inlet; a condensed water outlet is formed in the bottom of the side wall of the condensed water bin; a U-shaped pipe bundle is arranged in the nicotinic acid tank body; the inlet of the U-shaped tube bundle is positioned in the steam bin and communicated with the steam inlet, the outlet of the U-shaped tube bundle is positioned in the condensed water bin and communicated with the condensed water outlet, and the U-shaped tube bundle is used for heating nicotinic acid and evaporating SO3 gas; the lower part of the side wall of the nicotinic acid tank body is provided with a nicotinic acid inlet, the top of the nicotinic acid tank body is provided with an SO3 gas outlet, the upper part of the side wall of the nicotinic acid tank body is provided with a nicotinic acid outlet, and the lower part of the side wall of the nicotinic acid tank body is provided with a nicotinic acid drain port; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the U-shaped tube bundle consists of a plurality of U-shaped pipelines; the U-shaped pipeline comprises a straight pipe, a bent pipe, a first disc, a second disc, a mounting hole, a connecting block and a fixing piece; the first disc is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the nicotinic acid tank body through a fixing piece, the first disc and the second disc are fixedly connected through a connecting block, and corresponding mounting holes are formed in the first disc and the second disc; the mounting hole is used for mounting a straight pipe and a bent pipe; be equipped with 0.01 mm's interval between a disc and No. two discs for there is 0.01 mm's clearance between straight tube and straight tube, straight tube and return bend, through the cooperation between straight tube, return bend, a disc and No. two discs, has constituteed a U type pipeline that has a plurality of clearances, and most steam can be carried between straight tube and return bend, has some steam to spout in the clearance.
Firstly, assembling a U-shaped tube bundle outside a nicotinic acid tank body, respectively inserting two ends of a straight tube into corresponding mounting holes on a first disc and a second disc for fixation, inserting the straight tube into the mounting hole on the lower side surface of the lowermost second disc to serve as an inlet or an outlet of the U-shaped tube bundle, and inserting a corresponding bent tube into the mounting hole on the upper side surface of the uppermost first disc, so that the two straight tubes are communicated, the U-shaped tube bundle is assembled, and the problem of overhigh cost caused by using overlong U-shaped pipelines is solved; finally, fixedly mounting the first disc on the inner wall of the nicotinic acid tank body through a fixing piece; during evaporation, steam is firstly filled into the steam bin through the steam inlet, then nicotinic acid is filled into the nicotinic acid tank body through the nicotinic acid inlet, the steam is filled into the U-shaped pipeline from the U-shaped pipe bundle inlet, and when the steam flows in the U-shaped pipeline, because gaps of 0.01mm exist between the straight pipe and between the straight pipe and the bent pipe, on one hand, most of the steam can be conveyed between the straight pipe and the bent pipe due to the small gaps, the U-shaped pipeline is heated by the steam, SO that SO3 gas is evaporated and discharged from the SO3 gas outlet; on the other hand, a small part of steam is sprayed out of the gap, SO that the nicotinic acid can be prevented from flowing into the U-shaped pipeline, the first disc and the second disc can be heated by the steam, the evaporation speed of SO3 gas is increased, and the steam sprayed out of the gap can stir the nicotinic acid, SO that the nicotinic acid is uniformly evaporated; steam flows into the condensate bin from the outlet of the U-shaped tube bundle at the straight tube for condensation, and condensate water is discharged from the condensate outlet.
Preferably, the fixing piece is an annular guide plate; the annular guide plate is sleeved on the side wall of the first rotating disc, the annular guide plate is installed on the side wall of the nicotinic acid tank body, and the annular guide plate is used for guiding the flow direction of steam downwards. The steam can blow down nicotinic acid earlier to stir the nicotinic acid of below, later the steam floats, stirs the nicotinic acid of top, thereby has increased the scope that the steam stirred, further improves the homogeneity that nicotinic acid was evaporated.
Preferably, the side, close to each other, of each of the first disc and the second disc is of a wave-shaped structure, and the wave-shaped structure can increase the contact area with steam; when steam flows between the first disc and the second disc, the heating speed of the first disc and the second disc is increased.
Preferably, the U-shaped tube bundle is formed by arranging a plurality of U-shaped pipelines side by side, the U-shaped pipelines are arranged into a circle, and the two adjacent rows of U-shaped pipelines are arranged in a staggered manner. So that the nicotinic acid can be uniformly heated in the nicotinic acid tank body.
Preferably, the flow guiding angle of the annular flow guiding plate is 90 degrees. Vortex can be prevented from being generated at the guide angle of the annular guide plate, so that the nicotinic acid is prevented from being accumulated on the side wall of the second disk for a long time to corrode the second disk.
Preferably, a gap is formed between the adjacent U-shaped pipelines; for the liquid to flow through. Nicotinic acid can flow back and forth between the U-shaped pipelines, and the evaporation uniformity of the nicotinic acid is improved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the production process of the refined acid, SO3 gas is absorbed for multiple times by desalted water to generate high-concentration refined sulfuric acid, SO that the concentration of the refined acid is improved; adding pure water to dilute the sulfuric acid into sulfuric acid finished products with different concentrations, and sending the sulfuric acid finished products into a cooling tower through a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is used for preheating water in the heating furnace, can reduce energy consumed by the heating furnace, and meanwhile accelerates the cooling of diluted sulfuric acid, thereby improving the production speed of the refined acid.
2. The sulfuric acid evaporator adopted by the invention forms a U-shaped pipeline with a plurality of gaps by matching the straight pipe, the bent pipe, the first disc and the second disc, thereby avoiding the problem of overhigh cost caused by using overlong U-shaped pipelines; through setting a 0.01mm gap on the U-shaped pipeline, the sprayed steam can prevent nicotinic acid from flowing into the U-shaped pipeline on one hand, and the sealing effect is realized; on the other hand, the nicotinic acid may be agitated so that the nicotinic acid is uniformly evaporated.
3. The sulfuric acid evaporator adopted by the invention is provided with the annular guide plate, so that the steam stirring range is increased, and the evaporation uniformity of the nicotinic acid is further improved.
4. The sulfuric acid evaporator adopted by the invention has the advantages that the first disc and the second disc which are in wave structures are matched with each other, SO that the contact area with steam is increased, the heating speed of the first disc and the second disc is increased when the steam flows between the first disc and the second disc, and the evaporation speed of SO3 gas is increased.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a sulfuric acid evaporator;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of disk number one and disk number two of FIG. 2;
in the figure: the device comprises a nicotinic acid tank body 1, a water vapor tank body 2, a partition plate 21, a steam bin 22, a condensate bin 23, a steam inlet 24, a condensate outlet 25, a support 3, a U-shaped pipe bundle 4, a U-shaped pipeline 41, a straight pipe 411, an elbow 412, a first disc 413, a second disc 414, a mounting hole 415, a connecting block 416, a fixing piece 417, an annular guide plate 418, a nicotinic acid inlet 5, an SO3 gas outlet 6, a nicotinic acid outlet 7 and a nicotinic acid exhaust port 8.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the process for producing a refined acid according to the present invention is characterized in that: the process comprises the following steps:
s1: starting a heating furnace to heat and evaporate water, and feeding evaporated steam into a sulfuric acid evaporator for heating nicotinic acid;
s2: on the basis of S1, evaporating SO3 gas in nicotinic acid by a sulfuric acid evaporator, dehydrating the SO3 gas and collecting the SO3 gas into a SO3 storage bin;
s3: filling SO3 gas in an SO3 storage bin into an absorption tower, absorbing the gas through desalted water to generate high-concentration refined sulfuric acid, dehydrating unabsorbed SO3 gas, filling the gas into an SO3 storage bin again, and recycling the SO3 gas; introducing the sulfuric acid after absorbing the SO3 gas into the absorption tower again through a circulating pump to absorb the SO3 gas again;
s4: when the concentration of the refined sulfuric acid reaches the standard, adding pure water to dilute the refined sulfuric acid into sulfuric acid finished products with different concentrations, and sending the sulfuric acid finished products into a cooling tower through a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is used for preheating water in the heating furnace in S1 and accelerating the cooling of the diluted sulfuric acid;
the adopted sulfuric acid evaporator comprises a nicotinic acid tank body 1, a water vapor tank body 2 and a bracket 3; the water vapor tank body 2 is arranged on the lower side of the nicotinic acid tank body 1; the nicotinic acid tank body 1 is vertically arranged on the ground through a bracket 3; the interior of the water vapor tank body 2 is separated into a steam bin 22 and a condensate bin 23 through a partition plate 21; the side wall of the steam bin 22 is provided with a steam inlet 24; a condensed water outlet 25 is formed in the bottom of the side wall of the condensed water bin 23; a U-shaped pipe bundle 4 is arranged in the nicotinic acid tank body 1; the inlet of the U-shaped tube bundle 4 is positioned in the steam bin 22 and is communicated with the steam inlet 24, the outlet of the U-shaped tube bundle 4 is positioned in the condensed water bin 23 and is communicated with the condensed water outlet 25, and the U-shaped tube bundle 4 is used for heating nicotinic acid and evaporating SO3 gas; the lower part of the side wall of the nicotinic acid tank body 1 is provided with a nicotinic acid inlet 5, the top of the nicotinic acid tank body 1 is provided with an SO3 gas outlet 6, the upper part of the side wall of the nicotinic acid tank body 1 is provided with a nicotinic acid outlet 7, and the lower part of the side wall of the nicotinic acid tank body 1 is provided with a nicotinic acid exhaust port 8; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the U-shaped pipe bundle 4 consists of a plurality of U-shaped pipelines 41; the U-shaped pipeline 41 comprises a straight pipe 411, an elbow pipe 412, a first disc 413, a second disc 414, a mounting hole 415, a connecting block 416 and a fixing piece 417; the first disc 413 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the nicotinic acid tank body 1 through a fixing piece 417, the first disc 413 and the second disc 414 are fixedly connected through a connecting block 416, and the first disc 413 and the second disc 414 are provided with corresponding mounting holes 415; the mounting hole 415 is used for mounting the straight pipe 411 and the bent pipe 412; a0.01 mm distance is arranged between the first disc 413 and the second disc 414, so that gaps of 0.01mm exist between the straight pipe 411 and between the straight pipe 411 and the bent pipe 412, a U-shaped pipeline 41 with a plurality of gaps is formed by matching the straight pipe 411, the bent pipe 412, the first disc 413 and the second disc 414, most of steam can be conveyed between the straight pipe 411 and the bent pipe 412, and a small part of steam can be sprayed out from the gaps.
Firstly, assembling a U-shaped pipe bundle 4 outside a nicotinic acid tank body 1, respectively inserting two ends of a straight pipe 411 into corresponding mounting holes 415 on a first disc 413 and a second disc 414 for fixation, inserting the straight pipe 411 into the mounting hole 415 on the lower side surface of the second disc 414 positioned at the lowest part as an inlet or an outlet of the U-shaped pipe bundle 4, and inserting a corresponding bent pipe 412 into the mounting hole 415 on the upper side surface of the first disc 413 positioned at the highest part so as to communicate the two straight pipes 411, completing the assembly of the U-shaped pipe bundle 4, and avoiding the problem of overhigh cost caused by using an overlong U-shaped pipeline 41; finally, the first disc 413 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the nicotinic acid tank body 1 through a fixing piece 417; during evaporation, steam is filled into the steam bin 22 through the steam inlet 24, then nicotinic acid is filled into the nicotinic acid tank body 1 through the nicotinic acid inlet 5, the steam is filled into the U-shaped pipeline 41 from the inlet of the U-shaped pipe bundle 4, and when the steam flows in the U-shaped pipeline 41, gaps of 0.01mm exist between the straight pipe 411 and between the straight pipe 411 and the bent pipe 412, SO that on one hand, most of the steam can be conveyed between the straight pipe 411 and the bent pipe 412 due to the small gaps, the U-shaped pipeline 41 is heated by the steam, and therefore SO3 gas is evaporated and is discharged from the SO3 gas outlet 6; on the other hand, a small part of steam is sprayed out of the gap, SO that the nicotinic acid can be prevented from flowing into the U-shaped pipeline 41, the first disc 413 and the second disc 414 can be heated by the steam, the evaporation speed of SO3 gas is increased, and the nicotinic acid can be stirred by the steam sprayed out of the gap, SO that the nicotinic acid is uniformly evaporated; the steam flows into the condensate bin 23 from the outlet of the U-shaped pipe bundle 4 in the straight pipe 411 for condensation, and the condensate outlet 25 discharges the condensate.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the fixing piece 417 is a ring-shaped deflector 418; annular guide plate 418 cup joints on the lateral wall of a carousel, and annular guide plate 418 is installed on the lateral wall of the nicotinic acid jar body 1, and annular guide plate 418 is used for leading the flow direction of steam to downwards. The steam can blow down nicotinic acid earlier to stir the nicotinic acid of below, later the steam floats, stirs the nicotinic acid of top, thereby has increased the scope that the steam stirred, further improves the homogeneity that nicotinic acid was evaporated.
As an embodiment of the invention, the sides of the first disc 413 and the second disc 414 close to each other are both in a wave-shaped structure, and the wave-shaped structure can increase the contact area with steam; when steam is caused to flow between the first disk 413 and the second disk 414, the temperature rise rate of the first disk 413 and the second disk 414 is increased.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the U-shaped tube bundle 4 is formed by arranging a plurality of U-shaped tubes 41 side by side, the U-shaped tubes 41 are arranged in a circular shape, and two adjacent rows of U-shaped tubes 41 are arranged in a staggered manner. So that the nicotinic acid can be uniformly heated in the nicotinic acid tank body 1.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the annular deflector 418 has a diversion angle of 90 °. Vortex flow at the leading corner of the annular deflector 418 can be avoided, so that the nicotinic acid is prevented from being accumulated at the side wall of the second disc 414 for a long time to corrode the second disc 414.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a gap is provided between adjacent U-shaped pipelines 41; for the liquid to flow through. The nicotinic acid can flow back and forth between the U-shaped pipelines 41, and the evaporation uniformity of the nicotinic acid is improved.
When the device is used, the heating furnace is started to heat and evaporate water, and the evaporated steam is supplied into the sulfuric acid evaporator and is used for heating the nicotinic acid; assembling a U-shaped pipe bundle 4 outside the nicotinic acid tank body 1, respectively inserting two ends of a straight pipe 411 into corresponding mounting holes 415 on a first disc 413 and a second disc 414 for fixation, inserting the straight pipe 411 into the mounting hole 415 on the lower side surface of the second disc 414 positioned at the lowest part as an inlet or an outlet of the U-shaped pipe bundle 4, and inserting a corresponding bent pipe 412 into the mounting hole 415 on the upper side surface of the first disc 413 positioned at the highest part so as to communicate the two straight pipes 411, completing the assembly of the U-shaped pipe bundle 4, and avoiding the problem of overhigh cost caused by using an overlong U-shaped pipeline 41; finally, the first disc 413 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the nicotinic acid tank body 1 through a fixing piece 417; during evaporation, steam is filled into the steam bin 22 through the steam inlet 24, then nicotinic acid is filled into the nicotinic acid tank body 1 through the nicotinic acid inlet 5, the steam is filled into the U-shaped pipeline 41 from the inlet of the U-shaped pipe bundle 4, and when the steam flows in the U-shaped pipeline 41, gaps of 0.01mm exist between the straight pipe 411 and between the straight pipe 411 and the bent pipe 412, SO that on one hand, most of the steam can be conveyed between the straight pipe 411 and the bent pipe 412 due to the small gaps, the U-shaped pipeline 41 is heated by the steam, and therefore SO3 gas is evaporated and is discharged from the SO3 gas outlet 6; on the other hand, a small part of steam is sprayed out of the gap, SO that the nicotinic acid can be prevented from flowing into the U-shaped pipeline 41, the first disc 413 and the second disc 414 can be heated by the steam, the evaporation speed of SO3 gas is increased, and the nicotinic acid can be stirred by the steam sprayed out of the gap, SO that the nicotinic acid is uniformly evaporated; the annular guide plate 418 is used for guiding the steam, the steam can blow the nicotinic acid downwards firstly so as to stir the nicotinic acid below, then the steam floats upwards to stir the nicotinic acid above, so that the steam stirring range is enlarged, and the evaporation uniformity of the nicotinic acid is further improved; steam flows into a condensate bin 23 from the outlet of the U-shaped pipe bundle 4 at the straight pipe 411 for condensation, and condensate water is discharged from a condensate outlet 25; the evaporated nicotinic acid is discharged through a nicotinic acid outlet 7, when the use is stopped, the nicotinic acid is discharged through a nicotinic acid discharge port 8, and then the steam supply is stopped, so that the nicotinic acid is prevented from flowing into a U-shaped pipeline 41; collecting the evaporated SO3 gas after dehydration treatment into an SO3 storage bin; filling SO3 gas in an SO3 storage bin into an absorption tower, absorbing the gas through desalted water to generate high-concentration refined sulfuric acid, dehydrating unabsorbed SO3 gas, filling the gas into an SO3 storage bin again, and recycling the SO3 gas; introducing the sulfuric acid after absorbing the SO3 gas into the absorption tower again through a circulating pump to absorb the SO3 gas again; when the concentration of the refined sulfuric acid reaches the standard, adding pure water to dilute the refined sulfuric acid into sulfuric acid finished products with different concentrations, and sending the sulfuric acid finished products into a cooling tower through a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is used for preheating water in the heating furnace and accelerating the cooling of the diluted sulfuric acid.
The front, the back, the left, the right, the upper and the lower are all based on the figure 2 in the attached drawings of the specification, according to the standard of the observation angle of a person, the side of the device facing an observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A production process of refined acid is characterized in that: the process comprises the following steps:
s1: starting a heating furnace to heat and evaporate water, and feeding evaporated steam into a sulfuric acid evaporator for heating nicotinic acid;
s2: on the basis of S1, evaporating SO3 gas in nicotinic acid by a sulfuric acid evaporator, dehydrating the SO3 gas and collecting the SO3 gas into a SO3 storage bin;
s3: filling SO3 gas in an SO3 storage bin into an absorption tower, absorbing the gas through desalted water to generate high-concentration refined sulfuric acid, dehydrating unabsorbed SO3 gas, filling the gas into an SO3 storage bin again, and recycling the SO3 gas; introducing the sulfuric acid after absorbing the SO3 gas into the absorption tower again through a circulating pump to absorb the SO3 gas again;
s4: when the concentration of the refined sulfuric acid reaches the standard, adding pure water to dilute the refined sulfuric acid into sulfuric acid finished products with different concentrations, and sending the sulfuric acid finished products into a cooling tower through a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is used for preheating water in the heating furnace in S1 and accelerating the cooling of the diluted sulfuric acid;
the adopted sulfuric acid evaporator comprises a nicotinic acid tank body (1), a water vapor tank body (2) and a bracket (3); the water vapor tank body (2) is arranged on the lower side of the nicotinic acid tank body (1); the nicotinic acid tank body (1) is vertically arranged on the ground through a bracket (3); the interior of the water vapor tank body (2) is separated into a steam bin (22) and a condensate bin (23) through a partition plate (21); a steam inlet (24) is formed in the side wall of the steam bin (22); a condensed water outlet (25) is formed in the bottom of the side wall of the condensed water bin (23); a U-shaped tube bundle (4) is arranged in the nicotinic acid tank body (1); the inlet of the U-shaped tube bundle (4) is positioned in the steam bin (22) and is communicated with the steam inlet (24), the outlet of the U-shaped tube bundle (4) is positioned in the condensate bin (23) and is communicated with the condensate outlet (25), and the U-shaped tube bundle (4) is used for heating nicotinic acid and evaporating SO3 gas; a nicotinic acid inlet (5) is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the nicotinic acid tank body (1), an SO3 gas outlet (6) is arranged at the top of the nicotinic acid tank body (1), a nicotinic acid outlet (7) is arranged at the upper part of the side wall of the nicotinic acid tank body (1), and a nicotinic acid exhaust port (8) is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the nicotinic acid tank body (1); the U-shaped tube bundle (4) is composed of a plurality of U-shaped pipelines (41); the U-shaped pipeline (41) comprises a straight pipe (411), an elbow pipe (412), a first round disc (413), a second round disc (414), a mounting hole (415), a connecting block (416) and a fixing piece (417); the first disc (413) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the nicotinic acid tank body (1) through a fixing piece (417), the first disc (413) and the second disc (414) are fixedly connected through a connecting block (416), and corresponding mounting holes (415) are formed in the first disc (413) and the second disc (414); the mounting hole (415) is used for mounting a straight pipe (411) and a bent pipe (412); a disc (413) and No. two discs (414) are arranged with a 0.01mm distance therebetween, so that a gap of 0.01mm exists between a straight pipe (411) and the straight pipe (411), and between the straight pipe (411) and an elbow pipe (412), and through the matching between the straight pipe (411), the elbow pipe (412), the disc (413) and the disc (414), a U-shaped pipeline (41) with a plurality of gaps is formed, most of steam can be conveyed between the straight pipe (411) and the elbow pipe (412), and a small part of steam can be sprayed out from the gap.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein: the fixed part (417) is an annular guide plate (418); annular guide plate (418) cup joint on the lateral wall of a carousel, annular guide plate (418) is installed on the lateral wall of the nicotinic acid jar body (1), and annular guide plate (418) are used for leading the flow direction of steam to downwards.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein: the side, close to each other, of each of the first disc (413) and the second disc (414) is of a wave-shaped structure, and the wave-shaped structure can increase the contact area with steam.
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein: the U-shaped tube bundle (4) is formed by arranging a plurality of U-shaped pipelines (41) side by side, the U-shaped pipelines (41) are arranged into a circle, and two adjacent rows of U-shaped pipelines (41) are arranged in a staggered mode.
5. The process according to claim 2, wherein: the flow guide angle of the annular flow guide plate (418) is 90 degrees.
6. The process according to claim 4, wherein: gaps are reserved between the adjacent U-shaped pipelines (41); for the liquid to flow through.
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