CN109430820A - Instant freeze-drying black fungus of one kind and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Instant freeze-drying black fungus of one kind and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109430820A CN109430820A CN201811349296.2A CN201811349296A CN109430820A CN 109430820 A CN109430820 A CN 109430820A CN 201811349296 A CN201811349296 A CN 201811349296A CN 109430820 A CN109430820 A CN 109430820A
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- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000011888 snacks Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013409 condiments Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940123973 Oxygen scavenger Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010033546 Pallor Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000487918 Acacia argyrodendron Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003471 Vitamin B2 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011222 chang cao shi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019164 vitamin B2 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011716 vitamin B2 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L31/00—Edible extracts or preparations of fungi; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides instant freeze-drying black fungus of one kind and preparation method thereof.It comprises the following steps that and 1) dries screening;2) be soaked cleaning;3) water-removing is precooked;4) pre-freeze;5) it is freeze-dried, instant class snack food and Instant Drinks class drink can also be further processed into.Black fungus product of the invention effectively reduces the risk during black fungus is eaten;The black fungus of frozen drying retain its it is fresh when color and nutritional ingredient, do not lose original solid matrix material, keep the original form of material.Black fungus after working process can be restored to fresh agaric state in several minutes again after rehydration, and instant black fungus is more direct-edible, eats easier.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to food processing fields, and in particular to instant freeze-drying black fungus of one kind and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Black fungus contains the elements such as protein, fat, polysaccharide and calcium, phosphorus, iron and carrotene, vitamin B1, vitamin
B2, niacin etc., also containing nutrients such as phosphatide, sterol.Agaric is full of nutrition, is known as " hat in bacterium ".However contain in fresh agaric
There is porphyrin, therefore needs to save after solar exposure after agaric picking.
The existing storing mode of black fungus is to store after drying, and main edible way is that will dry to cook food after black fungus is soaked
With.Edible black fungus process is cumbersome, and condition of storage and the time that is soaked bad grasp cause black fungus nutritional ingredient impaired, when eating
It is subject to conditions.Specifically, needing before edible through water flushing side after being soaked, the time that is soaked is long, and nutriment easily loses and exists and produces
Raw secondary pollution risk.
In addition, black fungus is easy to digest after there are plant collagen abundant, needing sufficiently to chew and absorbs, for old man
For child, edible black fungus also needs reprocessing to cook, and is inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
For defect existing for the above black fungus product, the present invention provide a kind of nutrient safe is comprehensive, active material is abundant,
It is easy to edible absorption, the black fungus product convenient for saving and using, present invention simultaneously provides preparation methods.
For above-mentioned purpose, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of instant freeze-drying black fungus, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1) dries screening: the black fungus after picking being dried 36 hours or more under natural sunlight, water content is lower than 85%
After, according to point equal screening of kind and size, according to four standards of the dry diameter of agaric point: 1) level-one: diameter is lower than 15mm, and 2) two
Grade: diameter is between 15mm and 18mm, 3) three-level: diameter is between 18mm and 25mm, and 4) level Four: diameter is greater than 25mm.
Step 2 is soaked cleaning: the black fungus of same levels is soaked together, be soaked tap water after being filtering with water, according to
The dry ratio with 20kg water of 1kg agaric, water temperature are soaked 5 hours between 20 DEG C;Black fungus after being soaked is entered by conveyer belt
Automatic cleaning procedure, using automatic bubble washer, by the dirt of surface of material, impurity and material are detached from, and it is clear to enter back into spray
Washing machine completely removes the impurity being attached on material;
Step 3) water-removing is precooked: the material after cleaning enters automatic water-removing precooker by conveyer belt, and steam pressure 0.6MPa scalds
95 DEG C of temperature of drift, blanching solid water ratio are not less than 1:20, and the time is lower than 3min;Black fungus after precooking enters centrifugal dehydrator,
Revolving speed is to be dehydrated about 5min under 960r/min;After being taken out in dewaterer, into air-cooled spreading-and-cooling machine, under the air quantity of 8850m3/h
About 3min takes away surface residual moisture content, and material is down to room temperature;
Step 4) pre-freeze: the black fungus after cold wind is dried up is packed into pallet tiling, and paving disc thickness is no more than 3cm, enters low temperature afterwards
Quick-freezer carries out pre-freeze 2 hours under conditions of subzero 30 DEG C;
Step 5) freeze-drying: being put into vacuum freeze for the good black fungus of pre-freeze, is lower than the item of 100 Pa in pressure
It is dried in vacuo under part, after drying time 7-8 hour, the water content in final black fungus is lower than 5%.
Further, vacuum freeze drying is as follows with specific reference to data:
Stage | Heating/cooling | The temperature change time | Temperature of heating plate | Duration |
1 | 60min | 100℃ | 60min | |
2 | 30min | 80℃ | 60min | |
3 | 30min | 65℃ | 60min | |
4 | 30min | 55℃ | 120min | |
5 | 30min | 45℃ | 120min |
A kind of instant freeze-drying black fungus is made according to above-mentioned method.
Further, step 5) freeze-drying black fungus obtained, which is equipped with condiment, can become instant class snack food, specific to make
Standby process:
1) it by the black fungus after above-mentioned freeze-drying, is being kept for 20 DEG C of temperature, is taking out, lead under the closed environment of relative humidity 25%
It crosses conveyer belt and enters automatic powder sprayer.Automatic powder sprayer setting speed is not higher than 5m/min, and condiment divides fineness to be not less than 100 mesh,
The powder of good taste will be deployed, feed powder is uniformly sprinkling upon by surface of material by automatic powder sprayer;
2) again by conveyer belt, the material for being stained with seasoning powder is entered into automatic packaging machine;
3) pack environment is kept for 20 DEG C of temperature, and relative humidity 25% fills bag, wrap after oxygen scavenger is added by packing into automatic weighing
Dress up type.
Further, step 5) is made freeze-drying black fungus and carries out broken wall powder, can become Instant Drinks class drink, specific to prepare
Process: it by the black fungus after above-mentioned freeze-drying, is being kept for 20 DEG C of temperature, is being put after being taken out under the closed environment of relative humidity 25%
Enter flour mill, flour mill revolving speed is set as 5000 turns/min, and smashing fineness is set as 500 mesh, the duration of runs be 2min after take out,
Black fungus freeze-dried powder after taking-up is packed into automatic filling machine to carry out filling bag packaging.
The utility model has the advantages that black fungus product of the invention, effectively reduces the risk during black fungus is eaten;Cryogenic freezing
Dry black fungus retain its it is fresh when color and nutritional ingredient, do not lose original solid matrix material, keep material
Original form.Black fungus after working process can be restored to fresh agaric state, instant black wood in several minutes again after rehydration
Ear is more direct-edible, to keep edible way easier, increases consumption market, expands the consumer group.
Specific embodiment
The following is a clear and complete description of the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention, it is clear that described embodiment
Only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field
Art personnel every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
The present invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used for
Illustrate the present invention, does not limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of instant freeze-drying black fungus, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1) dries screening: the black fungus after picking being dried 36 hours or more under natural sunlight, water content is lower than 85%
After, according to point equal screening of kind and size, according to four standards of the dry diameter of agaric point: 1) level-one: diameter is lower than 15mm, and 2) two
Grade: diameter is between 15mm and 18mm, 3) three-level: diameter is between 18mm and 25mm, and 4) level Four: diameter is greater than 25mm
Step 2 is soaked cleaning: the black fungus of same levels being soaked together, be soaked tap water after being filtering with water, according to 1kg
The dry ratio with 20kg water of agaric, water temperature are soaked 5-6 hours between 10-25 DEG C;Black fungus after being soaked is brought by conveying
Enter automatic cleaning procedure, using automatic bubble washer, by the dirt of surface of material, impurity and material are detached from, and enter back into spray
Cleaning machine completely removes the impurity being attached on material;
Step 3) water-removing is precooked: the material after cleaning enters automatic water-removing precooker by conveyer belt, and steam pressure 0.6MPa scalds
95 DEG C of temperature of drift, blanching solid water ratio are not less than 1:20, and the time is lower than 3min;Black fungus after precooking enters centrifugal dehydrator,
Revolving speed is to be dehydrated about 5min under 960r/min;After being taken out in dewaterer, into air-cooled spreading-and-cooling machine, under the air quantity of 8850m3/h
About 3min takes away surface residual moisture content, and material is down to room temperature;
Step 4) pre-freeze: the black fungus after cold wind is dried up is packed into pallet tiling, and paving disc thickness is no more than 3cm, enters low temperature afterwards
Quick-freezer carries out pre-freeze 2 hours under conditions of subzero 30 DEG C;
Step 5) freeze-drying: being put into vacuum freeze for the good black fungus of pre-freeze, is lower than the item of 100 Pa in pressure
It is dried in vacuo under part, after drying time 7-8 hour, the water content in final black fungus is lower than 5%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of instant freeze-drying black fungus snack food, detailed process:
1) by the level-one black fungus after being freeze-dried in embodiment 1, kept for 20 DEG C of temperature, the closed environment of relative humidity 25%
Lower taking-up, enters automatic powder sprayer by conveyer belt.Automatic powder sprayer setting speed is not higher than 5m/min, and condiment divides fineness not low
In 100 mesh, the powder of good taste will be deployed, feed powder is uniformly sprinkling upon by surface of material by automatic powder sprayer;2) again by
The material for being stained with seasoning powder is entered automatic packaging machine by conveyer belt;3) pack environment is kept for 20 DEG C of temperature, and relative humidity 25% is led to
It crosses and packs into automatic weighing, fill bag, pack molding after oxygen scavenger is added.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of instant freeze-drying black fungus Instant Drinks class drink, detailed process:
By the level Four black fungus after being freeze-dried in embodiment 1, under 20 DEG C of temperature of holding, the closed environment of relative humidity 25%
Flour mill is put into after taking-up, flour mill revolving speed is set as 5000 turns/min, and smashing fineness is set as 500 mesh, and the duration of runs is
It is taken out after 2min, the black fungus freeze-dried powder after taking-up is packed into automatic filling machine and carries out filling bag packaging.
While there has been shown and described that technical solution of the present invention for the ordinary skill in the art can
It a variety of to the progress of these embodiments can be changed without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention with understanding, modified, replaced
It changes and modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of instant freeze-drying black fungus, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
Step 1) dries screening: the black fungus after picking being dried 36 hours or more under natural sunlight, water content is lower than 85%
After, according to the screening such as kind and size point;
Step 2 is soaked cleaning: the black fungus of same levels being soaked together, be soaked tap water after being filtering with water, according to 1kg
The dry ratio with 20kg water of agaric, water temperature are soaked 5-6 hours between 10-25 DEG C;Black fungus after being soaked is brought by conveying
Enter automatic cleaning procedure, using automatic bubble washer, by the dirt of surface of material, impurity and material are detached from, and enter back into spray
Cleaning machine completely removes the impurity being attached on material;
Step 3) water-removing is precooked: the material after cleaning enters automatic water-removing precooker by conveyer belt, and steam pressure 0.6MPa scalds
95 DEG C of temperature of drift, blanching solid water ratio are not less than 1:20, and the time is lower than 3min;Black fungus after precooking enters centrifugal dehydrator,
Revolving speed is to be dehydrated about 5min under 960r/min;After being taken out in dewaterer, into air-cooled spreading-and-cooling machine, in 8850m3Under the air quantity of/h
About 3min takes away surface residual moisture content, and material is down to room temperature;
Step 4) pre-freeze: the black fungus after cold wind is dried up is packed into pallet tiling, and paving disc thickness is no more than 3cm, enters low temperature afterwards
Quick-freezer carries out pre-freeze 2 hours under conditions of subzero 30 DEG C;
Step 5) freeze-drying: being put into vacuum freeze for the good black fungus of pre-freeze, is lower than the item of 100 Pa in pressure
It is dried in vacuo under part, after drying time 7-8 hour, the water content in final black fungus is lower than 5%.
2. the preparation method of instant freeze-drying black fungus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that dry according to agaric in step 1)
Diameter point four standards: 1) level-one: diameter is lower than 15mm, 2) second level: diameter is between 15mm and 18mm, 3) three-level: diameter between
18mm and 25mm, 4) level Four: diameter is greater than 25mm.
3. a kind of instant freeze-drying black fungus, which is characterized in that the instant freeze-drying black fungus is according to claim 1
Method preparation.
4. the preparation method of instant freeze-drying black fungus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that will be lyophilized made from step 5)
Black fungus, which is equipped with condiment, can become instant class snack food.
5. the preparation method of instant freeze-drying black fungus as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the instant class snack food
Specific preparation process: 1) by the black fungus after above-mentioned freeze-drying, kept for 20 DEG C of temperature, the closed loop of relative humidity 25%
It is taken out under border, automatic powder sprayer is entered by conveyer belt.
6. automatic powder sprayer setting speed is not higher than 5m/min, condiment divides fineness not less than 100 mesh, will deploy the powder of good taste
Material, is uniformly sprinkling upon surface of material for feed powder by automatic powder sprayer;2) again by conveyer belt, the material of seasoning powder will be stained with
Into automatic packaging machine;3) pack environment is kept for 20 DEG C of temperature, and relative humidity 25% fills bag, add by packing into automatic weighing
Molding is packed after entering oxygen scavenger.
7. the preparation method of instant freeze-drying black fungus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it is black that freeze-drying is made in step 5)
Agaric carries out broken wall powder, can become Instant Drinks class drink.
8. the preparation method of instant freeze-drying black fungus as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the Instant Drinks class drink
Specific preparation process: by the black fungus after above-mentioned freeze-drying, under 20 DEG C of temperature of holding, the closed environment of relative humidity 25%
Flour mill is put into after taking-up, flour mill revolving speed is set as 5000 turns/min, and smashing fineness is set as 500 mesh, and the duration of runs is
It is taken out after 2min, the black fungus freeze-dried powder after taking-up is packed into automatic filling machine and carries out filling bag packaging.
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CN115336744A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-15 | 黑龙江省农业科学院食品加工研究所 | Black fungus leisure food and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
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CN114391647A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-26 | 安徽福香源生态农业科技有限公司 | Production process of agaric crisp chips |
CN115336744A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-15 | 黑龙江省农业科学院食品加工研究所 | Black fungus leisure food and preparation method thereof |
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