CN109430294A - A method of prevention and treatment corn field mythimna separata - Google Patents
A method of prevention and treatment corn field mythimna separata Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for preventing and treating corn field mythimna separata, the bacterium solution of Bt strain HD 1 or Bt bacterial strain GO3 are sprayed in the corn field for growing to trumpet period, and entomopathogenic nematode Hb nematode suspension is sprayed after spraying Bt bacterial strain bacterium solution 2-3 days.The method that the present invention prevents and treats corn field mythimna separata is combined by entomopathogenic nematode Hb nematode and Bt strain HD 1 or Bt bacterial strain GO3, there is the synergistic effect of collaboration to the prevention and treatment of mythimna separata, it is remarkably improved the pathogenicity to mythimna separata, the time required to shortening prevention and control, is had a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods for preventing and treating mythimna separata, and in particular to a method of prevention and treatment corn field mythimna separata belongs to plant
Object protects field.
Background technique
Mythimna separata [Mythimna separata (Walker)] is Lepidoptera noctuid, danger wide with occurrence scope
The features such as evil is more, occurrence injury history is long from generation to generation can not only eat up plant when 16 section of feeding, 100 various plants, greatly generation
Blade, can also feeding gramineous crop fringe portion, bring and seriously threaten to grain security production.
Due to the influence of the factors such as crop-planting, weather conditions and farmland habitat, mythimna separata between China crop, section
Generation significant change between generation, corn become the first big damage to crops, and field population drug resistance is remarkably reinforced and fits
Answering property enhances, and for a long time, the chemical prevention of armyworm has produced many negative effects, such as the enhancing of mythimna separata drug resistance, environment
The serious consequences such as pollution, agricultural product quality and safety hidden danger, for the comprehensive treatment for realizing mythimna separata, need open up can reduce environment
Pollution, maintains the green prevention and controls approach such as biological control of the ecological balance.
Entomopathogenic nematode has killing ability strong, and insecticidal spectrum is wide, host can be actively searched for, to people and animals, Environmental security etc.
Advantage is green high-efficient biological insecticides novel in the world.As the obligatory parasitism natural enemy of insect, entomopathogenic nematode
Can by identification to Cucumber in frass (such as uric acid, allantoin, yellow crash cry of certain animals, ammonia and arginine etc.), post
The smell that main excrement gives out lures, breathes discharged CO2Attract actively to search host, then has and infect energy
The infective juvenile of power passes through the natural aperture (such as mouth, anus, valve) of host, and coria or wound enter insect and post
It in main body, and penetrates intestinal wall or tracheal wall enters insect haemocoele, then discharges the symbiotic bacteria carried in its enteric cavity and a large amount of
Breeding, causes mechanical damage to host when one side nematode invades, and another aspect fungal component secretes insecticidal toxin protein etc., suppression
System immune response destroys host's physiological defense function, while fungal component generates antibacterial substance, generates ectoenzyme etc. and decomposes insect
Corpse provides nutrition and ideal environment for the growth and Reproductive development of nematode, it is dead because suffering from septicemia to eventually lead to insect
It dies, the Entomogenous Nematode Ovomermis Sinensis Ovomermis sinensis of large-scale breeding can reduce first generation mythimna separata population number and
The worm sources radix of two generation mythimna separatas；Indoor application Steinernema Carpocapsae S.feltiae Beijing strain reaches the pathogenicity of 3 age mythimna separatas
63.2%-78.9%；Six Mermis nematode Hexamermis sp. can realize the parasitic rate to mythimna separata 30%-97%.But Insect Pathogenic
Nematode influences vulnerable to the undesirable elements such as temperature, humidity, ultraviolet in actual application, causes the preventive effect to mythimna separata undesirable,
And since entomopathogenic nematode is biological agent, quick-acting is significantly lower than chemical pesticide, and production cost is relatively high, it is difficult to
The Harm's control of mythimna separata is below horizontal in economic threshold.
Existing research confirm entomopathogenic nematode it is mixed with other controlling agents be collaboration and more any than individual
Controlling agent generates the higher death rate.Existing research shows S.glaseri and Bacillus thuringiensis
The mixed insecticidal effect that can be improved to the sensitive grub of the bacterial strain of japonensis BuiBui bacterial strain.Bacillus thuringiensis
(Bacillus thuringiensis, Bt) has many advantages, such as desinsection specificity, to person poultry harmless, free from environmental pollution, become on
Century applies most successful microbial insecticide, to the various pests such as Lepidoptera, Diptera, coleoptera and some nematodes,
Mite class and protozoan have the insecticidal activity of specificity.At home, Bt relatively lags behind to mythimna separata insecticidal activity research, only
Wang, Jiang Shanjun and Bai snowy peak et al. finds that Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry2Ac albumen live to oriental armyworm with desinsection respectively
Property a small number of reports.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of methods for preventing and treating corn field mythimna separata, it is intended to entomopathogenic nematode and Bt
The mixed control efficiency improved to mythimna separata of two kinds of soil bio-control factors can be the biological control research widening roadbed of mythimna separata, simultaneously
Facilitate the research and development and industrialization of the green prevention and control technology of promotion mythimna separata.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The method for preventing and treating corn field mythimna separata are as follows: Bt strain HD 1 or Bt bacterium are sprayed in the corn field for growing to trumpet period
The bacterium solution of strain G03, and entomopathogenic nematode H.Bacteriophora suspension is sprayed after spraying Bt bacterial strain bacterium solution 2-3 days.
The method that the present invention prevents and treats corn field mythimna separata passes through entomopathogenic nematode H.Bacteriophora (referred to as Hb line
Worm) it is combined with Bt strain HD 1 or Bt bacterial strain G03, there is the synergistic effect of collaboration to the prevention and treatment of mythimna separata, be remarkably improved to viscous
The pathogenicity of worm has a good application prospect the time required to shortening prevention and control.
Further, the concentration of 1 bacterium solution of Bt strain HD is 1.5 × 1013-3×1013CFU/mL, preferably 3 × 1013CFU/
mL；The concentration of Bt bacterial strain G03 bacterium solution is 5 × 1011-1×1013CFU/mL, preferably 1 × 1013CFU/mL；Entomopathogenic nematode
The concentration of H.Bacteriophora suspension is 50-125IJs/mL, preferably 50IJs/mL.
Be using above-mentioned further beneficial effect, under above-mentioned concentration, can effectively preventing mythimna separata and can guarantee
The cost of production.
Further, the cultural method of Bt bacterial strain are as follows: by Bt strain inoculated in scribing line culture 10- on LB solid medium
12h is largely inoculated in 1/2LB solid medium after purification, and 28-30 DEG C of culture 45-50h to crystal is generated, and oil mirror is examined, and sees
Brood cell's burst size is observed to 50%-100% up to Bt bacterial strain.
Further, entomopathogenic nematode H.Bacteriophora suspension is to infect phase entomopathogenic nematode
H.Bacteriophora is after purification with shoaling layer method in 6-8 DEG C, suspension that the holding time is 1-15 days.
It is using above-mentioned further beneficial effect, the HB nematode in above-mentioned suspension can keep higher activity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is pathogenicity result figure of 1Hb of the embodiment of the present invention nematode to mythimna separata；
Fig. 2 is for 2Bt of embodiment of the present invention strain HD 1 to the pathogenicity result figure of mythimna separata under various concentration；
Fig. 3 is for 3Bt of embodiment of the present invention bacterial strain G03 to the pathogenicity result figure of mythimna separata under various concentration；
Fig. 4 is the pathogenicity result figure of 5Hb of embodiment of the present invention nematode and HD1, G03 combination to mythimna separata.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts it is all its
His embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the examples below, mythimna separata worm sources are provided by Plant Protection institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultral Sciences's mythimna separata group, larva
It is fed with fresh corn blade, raising is 23 ± 1 DEG C, photoperiod 12L:12D in temperature, the culture that humidity is 70% or so
In case, adult is supplemented the nutrients with 10% hydromel.
Entomopathogenic nematode H.Bacteriophora (HB) is provided by nematode research department, Nankai University.
Bt strain HD 1 and G03 are provided by Plant Protection institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultral Sciences's biotechnology group.
Entomopathogenic nematode and Bt use corrected mortality (%) to indicate the pathogenicity of mythimna separata, and percent value passes through instead
It completes to analyze on Excel 2003 and SPSS17.0 for windows statistical analysis software after sine conversion.Between processing
Difference use variance analysis, then using the significance of difference between DuncanShi method test different disposal, probability level set
P < 0.05.Virulence regression equation and lethal concentration of 50 probit model analysis.
By χ2Test and judge nematode and Bt synergy type.The death rate of the insect of participating in the experiment of each processing is by dead worm
Number is converted to corrected mortality divided by the total borer population of processing.The lethal several M of the nematode expectation to insect of participating in the experiment mixed with BtEBy
It is expected that lethality M=MN+MB(1-MN), multiply and calculate and obtain in insect populations of participating in the experiment, wherein MNAnd MBRespectively nematode and Bt is independent
Handle the corrected mortality for insect of participating in the experiment.χ2=(MNB-ME)2 /ME, wherein MNBFor the nematode reality to insect of participating in the experiment mixed with Bt
Correct death toll, MEFor the lethal number of the nematode expectation to insect of participating in the experiment mixed with Bt.Calculated χ2Value and χ2Value table is compared
Compared with.Work as χ2>=3.84 (1df and P=0.05) and MNB< MEWhen, it shows that 2 kinds of desinsection factors are mixed and shows as antagonism
(virulence after Antagonism, i.e. 2 kinds of desinsection factors are mixed is significantly lower than the summation of each factor virulence)；Work as χ2< 3.84
When (1df and P=0.05), shows that 2 kinds of desinsection factors are mixed and show as addition (Additivity, i.e. 2 kinds of desinsection factors
Virulence after mixed is similar with the summation of each factor virulence)；Work as χ2>=3.84 (1df and P=0.05) and MNB> MEWhen, display 2
Kind of the desinsection factor is mixed show as synergistic effect (Synergism, i.e. 2 kinds of desinsection factors it is mixed after virulence significantly more than it is each because
The summation of sub- virulence).
Scribing line culture, purifying involved in embodiment, oil mirror are examined, shoaling layer method is routine operation, the training of LB solid
Supporting base is conventional medium.
Embodiment 1
Pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic nematode HB to mythimna separata
The sterilized soil (humidity 18% or so crosses 40 meshes) of 30g is added in 9.5cm glass culture dish, is put into 20 and is good for
Health, the uniform 3 age armyworm larvae of individual, and proper amount of fresh maize leaves are put into as feed；The infective juvenile of HB nematode is used
Sterile water is diluted to six concentration of 20IJs/mL, 30IJs/mL, 50IJs/mL, 75IJs/mL, 100IJs/mL, 125IJs/mL
Gradient；Each concentration takes 1mL nematode uniform suspension to be added drop-wise in culture dish respectively.Each concentration sets 3 repetitions simultaneously with sterilizing
Water process is as control.Each handle is placed in 25 DEG C of constant temperature, in the incubator of 80% relative humidity.Addition is beautiful in time as needed
Meter Ye is counted after nematode infection 6d every observing and recording mythimna separata death condition for 24 hours, as a result as shown in Figure 1: mythimna separata
The death rate increases with the increase of nematode dosage, and when nematode dosage is 50IJs/mL, the mythimna separata death rate is 76.47%, nematode
When dosage is further added by, the increase of the mythimna separata death rate is no longer obvious (P > 0.05)；50IJs/mL and the above dosage are to the lethal of mythimna separata
Rate is noticeably greater than the nematode dosage (P < 0.05) of 20IJs/mL and 30IJs/mL；The nematode dosage of 30IJs/mL causes a disease to mythimna separata
Power is noticeably greater than 20IJs/mL (P < 0.05), and the death rate of mythimna separata is only 23.33% under 20IJs/mL dosage.
Embodiment 2
Toxicity test of the Bt strain HD 1 to mythimna separata
Surely measured Bt strain HD 1 is diluted to 1.5 × 10 with sterile water11CFU/mL、3×1011CFU/mL、 1.5×
1012CFU/mL、3×1012CFU/mL、1.5×1013CFU/mL、3×1013Six concentration gradients of CFU/mL.It is in diameter
The sterilized soil (humidity 18% or so crosses 40 meshes) of 30g or so is added in 9.5cm glass culture dish, by fresh corn blade point
About 1min is not impregnated in each concentration bacteria suspension, naturally dry takes and is put into culture dish in right amount, and every ware is respectively connected to 20 and is good for
Health, the uniform 3 age armyworm larvae of individual.Each processing is repeated 3 times respectively while to impregnate sterile water as control.Each processing
25 DEG C of constant temperature are placed in, in the incubator of 80% relative humidity.Add the corn after impregnating bacterium solution and dried in time as needed
Leaf, every observing and recording mythimna separata death condition for 24 hours.Bt strain HD 1 is as shown in Figure 2 to the The Toxicity Determination result of mythimna separata:
The mythimna separata death rate increases with Bt concentration and is increased on the whole, but strain HD 1 is lower to the virulence of mythimna separata, and 3.0 × 1013CFU/mL
Bt concentration be only 56.67% to the lethality of mythimna separata after handling 6d； 1.5×1012CFU/mL、3.0×1012CFU/mL、
1.5×1013The Bt concentration of CFU/mL is lower to the pathogenicity of mythimna separata, is all less than 30%；1.5×1011CFU/mL、3×
1011The mythimna separata death rate is 0% (not shown) under the Bt concentration of CFU/mL.
Embodiment 3
Toxicity test of the Bt bacterial strain G03 to mythimna separata
Measuring method is diluted to 0.5 × 10 with sterile water with embodiment 2, by surely measured Bt bacterial strain G0311CFU/mL、1
×1011CFU/mL、5×1011CFU/mL、1×1012CFU/mL、5×1012CFU/mL、 1×1013Six concentration ladders of CFU/mL
Degree, Bt bacterial strain G03 is to the The Toxicity Determination result of mythimna separata as shown in Fig. 4: with the increase of Bt concentration, the mythimna separata death rate is gradually
It increases, 5.0 × 1012For the mythimna separata death rate in being slowly increased (P > 0.05), mythimna separata is dead after handling 3d by the Bt of CFU/mL concentration
Rate has reached 96.67%, 1.0 × 1013The mythimna separata death rate is even more to have reached 100% under the high concentration of CFU/mL；5.0×
1011CFU/mL、 1.0×1012The Bt of CFU/mL concentration mythimna separata death rate after handling 4d is glued in (P > 0.05) is slowly increased
The worm death rate has reached 80%；0.5×1011After the low concentration processing 4d of CFU/mL, the mythimna separata death rate is 33.33%.
Embodiment 4
HB nematode is after Bt strain HD 1 and G03 combination to the pathogenicity of mythimna separata
The infective juvenile of HB nematode is diluted to two concentration gradients of 20IJs/mL and 30IJs/mL with sterile water.HD1
Bacterial strain quantification of 1.5 × 1013CFU/mL and 3 × 1013Two concentration gradients of CFU/mL, G03 bacterial strain quantification of 0.5 ×
1011CFU/mL and 1 × 1011Two concentration gradients of CFU/mL, by the HD1 and G03 of the HB nematode of various concentration and various concentration
It is respectively used to measure its reciprocation to mythimna separata pathogenicity after bacterial strain combination of two, is in 9.5cm glass culture dish in diameter
The sterilized soil (humidity 18% or so crosses 40 meshes) of 30g or so is added, fresh corn blade is soaked in each concentration Bt bacterium solution
Stain about 1min, naturally dry take and are respectively put into culture dish in right amount；After mythimna separata feeding is impregnated with the maize leaf 2d of Bt,
The nematode for taking 1mL to dilute is added drop-wise in culture dish.Every ware is respectively connected to 3 uniform age armyworm larvaes of 20 health, individual.
Each processing is repeated 3 times respectively while using sterile water as control.Each processing is placed in 25 DEG C of constant temperature, the training of 80% relative humidity
It supports in case.1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, 5d, 6d after nematode is added observe and record mythimna separata death condition, and the results are shown in Table 1.
1 Hb nematode of table is after Bt strain HD 1 and G03 combination to the pathogenicity of mythimna separata
Note: combination 1 are as follows: (20IJs/mL+1.5 × 10 Hb+HD113CFU/mL)；Combination 2 are as follows: Hb+HD1 (20IJs/mL+
3.0×1013CFU/mL)；Combination 3 are as follows: (30IJs/mL+1.5 × 10 Hb+HD113CFU/mL)；Combination 4 are as follows: Hb+HD1
(30IJs/mL+3.0×1013CFU/mL)；Combination 5 are as follows: (20IJs/mL+0.5 × 10 Hb+G0311CFU/mL)；Combination 6 are as follows:
Hb+G03(20IJs/mL+1 ×1011CFU/mL)；Combination 7 are as follows: (30IJs/mL+0.5 × 10 Hb+G0311CFU/mL)；Combination 8
Are as follows: (30IJs/mL+1 × 10 Hb+G0311CFU/mL)。
Table 1 the result shows that, Hb nematode and HD1, which are combined or all have with G03 combination to the prevention and control of mythimna separata, cooperates with work
With.After each combination combination processing increase with time, the mythimna separata death rate is in be gradually increasing trend, each time mythimna separata mortality difference
Obviously (P < 0.05).The mythimna separata death rate, more individual nematode and Bt processing can be greatly improved in each combination after combination processing 6d
Between significant difference (P < 0.05).It is combined in I-L associated with Hb nematode and HD1 and association is all had to the prevention and control of mythimna separata after handling 6d
Same synergistic effect；Only combination M in M-P is combined associated with Hb nematode and G03 to all have the prevention and control of mythimna separata after handling 6d
Synergistic effect (the M of collaborationE=40.00, MNB=60.00, χ2=4.96 > 3.84), combination 0 is after handling 2d to mythimna separata
Prevention and control all have the synergistic effect (M of collaborationE=5.86, MNB=16.00, χ2=8.75 > 3.84), but other combinations all show
For addition.It can be seen that can be achieved Hb nematode and the combination of two kinds of Bt bacterial strains to the higher levels of control of mythimna separata, wherein Hb nematode
Mythimna separata preventive effect is better than with the combination of Bt strain HD 1 and is combined with G03.
Embodiment 5
To the interactive field trial of mythimna separata pathogenicity after entomopathogenic nematode and Bt combination
The first seeding corn of August, for field trial when growing to trumpet period.Experimental field is divided into 27 cells, each
Cell is 12m2, 2m is spaced between each cell.Experiment sets 5 processing altogether, respectively independent HB nematode, independent HD1, independent
G03, HB and HD1 combination, HB and G03 combination processing, clear water processing are control, and each processing sets 3 repetitions, and HB nematode suspends
Liquid concentration is 50IJs/mL, and 1 bacterial concentration of Bt strain HD is 3 × 1013CFU/mL, Bt bacterial strain G03 bacterial concentration be 1 ×
1013CFU/mL.Worm is connect at dusk, 32 age end armyworm larvaes are put into the core of every plant of corn of each cell, field adapts to
After 2d, observes and count every plant of upper larva number and guarantee there are 2 larvas on every plant before experiment.Entire experiment is all made of spraying
Mode nematode and Bt are uniformly sprayed on the maize leaf and ground of each cell, for combination cell need to be at Bt
Nematode is sprayed after reason 2d.In treated, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, 5d, 6d observe and record mythimna separata death condition, are carrying out field
Weather is that the cloudy day is cloudy during test, and Hb nematode and Bt are combined result are as follows: statistics discovery combination processing is more independent after being combined 7d
Nematode and Bt processing difference it is significant (P < 0.05), there is the synergistic effect (M of collaboration after HB and HD1 combinationE=37.09, MNB
=53.02, χ2=6.84 > 3.84).By the result it is found that field is the result shows that Hb nematode is combined with Bt strain HD 1, to viscous
The prevention and treatment of worm has the synergistic effect of collaboration, is remarkably improved the pathogenicity to mythimna separata, the time required to shortening prevention and control, has good
Good application prospect.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for preventing and treating corn field mythimna separata, which is characterized in that spray Bt bacterium in the corn field for growing to trumpet period
Strain bacterium solution, and entomopathogenic nematode H.Bacteriophora suspension is sprayed after spraying Bt bacterial strain bacterium solution 2-3 days.
2. a kind of method for preventing and treating corn field mythimna separata according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Bt bacterial strain is Bt bacterium
Strain HD1 or Bt bacterial strain G03.
3. a kind of method for preventing and treating corn field mythimna separata according to claim 2, which is characterized in that 1 bacterium of Bt strain HD
The concentration of liquid is 1.5 × 1013-3×1013CFU/mL。
4. a kind of method for preventing and treating corn field mythimna separata according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the Bt bacterial strain G03 bacterium
The concentration of liquid is 5 × 1011-1×1013CFU/mL。
5. a kind of method for preventing and treating corn field mythimna separata according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the culture of the Bt bacterial strain
Method are as follows: by Bt strain inoculated in scribing line culture 10-12h on LB solid medium, be largely inoculated in the training of 1/2LB solid after purification
Base is supported, 28-30 DEG C of culture 45-50h to crystal is generated, and oil mirror is examined, and observes brood cell's burst size to 50%-100% up to institute
State Bt bacterial strain.
6. a kind of method for preventing and treating corn field mythimna separata according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the entomopathogenic nematode
H.Bacteriophora suspension is to infect phase entomopathogenic nematode H.Bacteriophora after purification with shoaling layer method in 6-8
DEG C, the suspension that the holding time is 1-15 days.
7. a kind of method of prevention and treatment corn field mythimna separata according to claim 1 or 6, which is characterized in that the Insect Pathogenic
The concentration of nematode H.Bacteriophora suspension is 50-125IJs/mL.
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