CN109426917A - A kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method and system - Google Patents
A kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method and system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109426917A CN109426917A CN201710791722.7A CN201710791722A CN109426917A CN 109426917 A CN109426917 A CN 109426917A CN 201710791722 A CN201710791722 A CN 201710791722A CN 109426917 A CN109426917 A CN 109426917A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- event
- fire
- battery
- precipitating factor
- fault tree
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 108010074864 Factor XI Proteins 0.000 claims description 29
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 102220042097 rs201566142 Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 esters alcohol compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 102220049405 rs147669920 Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 102220010919 rs397507454 Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 102220014332 rs397517039 Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 29
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010429 evolutionary process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001146 hypoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0639—Performance analysis of employees; Performance analysis of enterprise or organisation operations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/04—Manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/30—Computing systems specially adapted for manufacturing
Landscapes
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Strategic Management (AREA)
- Economics (AREA)
- Development Economics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Marketing (AREA)
- Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
- Educational Administration (AREA)
- Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Primary Health Care (AREA)
- Game Theory and Decision Science (AREA)
- Operations Research (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method and systems, the described method includes: fire occurs as top event using battery, the intermediate event for causing battery fire to occur and elementary event are determined by fault tree analysis process, and the elementary event is fire precipitating factor；The structure importance of fire precipitating factor is determined using the mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree, wherein the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree is by carrying out logical operation acquisition for intermediate event and elementary event；The battery fire precipitating factor is evaluated according to the structure importance of the battery fire precipitating factor；36 kinds of approach for leading to lithium-ion electric Pool fire and 15 elementary events caused the accident and its structure importance are obtained by solving minimal cut set based on battery Fire Fault Tree；And then each elementary event is analyzed to the influence degree of battery fire, reference frame and thinking are provided for lithium ion battery safety in production, design and management.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cell safety analysis fields, and in particular to a kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method and is
System.
Background technique
Currently, lithium ion battery is used widely in the modern life, especially in portable electronic product, new energy
The fields such as automobile, electrochemical energy storage, lithium ion battery has many advantages, such as that energy density is high, has extended cycle life, since its is distinctive
Structure and material, once accident occurs caused by influence greatly, such as tesla's electric car event on fire and Boeing B787 aircraft
Event on fire；Therefore, the fire cause for studying lithium ion battery reduces accident hair for improving the safety of lithium ion battery
Life is of great significance.
Lithium ion battery, which is put forward for the first time, from two scholars of Tarascon in 2001 and Armand develops faced safety
Since challenge, many scholars have conducted extensive research the mechanism of lithium ion battery thermal runaway；Battery is since thermal runaway to hair
Calamity of lighting a fire experienced three stages, these three stages are dominated by a series of exothermic auxiliary reactions, and temperature raising leads to battery cathode solid-liquid
Surface phase film (SEI film) is decomposed, meanwhile, embedding lithium in cathode and organic solvent exposure simultaneously react；Temperature reaches 130
DEG C when, diaphragm starts to melt；Constant temperature increases, and positive electrode and electrolyte react and generates oxygen；When temperature reaches
At 200 DEG C or so, SEI film decomposes completely, and open loop, cancellation, ester exchange reaction occur for electrolyte；With the progress of reaction, battery
Constant temperature increases, and finally causes fire even explosion accident.This analytic process embodies inside battery and fire incident occurs
Process but shortage the point of penetration and method of accident rate can be effectively reduced；Existing cell safety detection appraisement system is (such as
The detection methods such as needle thorn, extruding, short circuit) precipitating factor that battery fire can not be analyzed comprehensively, cause evaluation result inaccurate.Cause
This, it is urgent to provide a kind of analysis methods for continuation to overcome drawbacks described above, comprehensively and systematically analyzes the precipitating factor of battery fire.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method and system, and its object is to solve existing evaluation side
Method considers not comprehensive, the problem of evaluation result inaccuracy to battery fire precipitating factor, and the battery fire for providing a kind of system promotees
Factor evaluation method is sent out, using accident tree as analysis foundation, analysis leads to a series of elementary events of battery generation fire, and right
Than analyzing each event to the influence degree of battery fire, achieve the effect that instruct lithium ion battery safety in production, design and management.
The purpose of the present invention is adopt the following technical solutions realization:
A kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method, which comprises
Fire occurs as top event using battery, the intermediate thing for causing battery fire to occur is determined by fault tree analysis process
Part and elementary event, the elementary event are fire precipitating factor；
The structure importance of fire precipitating factor is determined using the mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree, wherein the electricity
The mathematical model of Pool fire accident tree is by carrying out logical operation acquisition for intermediate event and elementary event；
The battery fire precipitating factor is evaluated according to the structure importance of the battery fire precipitating factor.
It is preferably, described that the intermediate event for causing battery fire to occur and elementary event are determined by fault tree analysis process,
Include:
Respectively using the three elements of battery fire Triangle Model as the 1st lower layer's event of the top event；
Using the 1st lower layer's event as the 1st result event, the conditional event of the 1st result event is exported, with the condition thing
2nd lower layer event of the part as the 1st lower layer's event successively derives, until using n-th lower layer's event as the n-th result event,
The conditional event of the n-th result event cannot be exported, then n-th lower layer's event is elementary event, the 1st lower layer's event to the (n-1)th lower layer
Event is intermediate event.
Further, the three elements of the battery fire Triangle Model include: fuel A1, oxidant A2 and incendiary source A3；
The oxidant includes: the oxygen in the decomposition product and air of cell positive material；The fuel includes: electrolysis
Liquid, paraffin gas and esters alcohol compound；The incendiary source includes: that hot environment locating for battery and inside battery cathode are embedding
Lithium and electrolyte react heat production.
The intermediate event further include: electrolyte fuel gas is by thermal evaporation A4, fuel gas product accumulation A5, electrode material
Material itself generates oxygen A6, battery and reacts A9, positive electrode material with Li+ from heat production A7, electrolyte decomposition reaction A8, electrolyte
Decomposition reaction heat release A10, cathode Li precipitation heat production A12, interior short is reacted with the exothermic reaction A11 of electrolyte, electrolyte decomposition
Joule heat A13, SEI film of road release, which is decomposed, reacts A14, Li+ in electrode material surface precipitation A15, the internal heat production of anode
Heat effect A16, cathode inside exothermic reaction heat effect A17, dendrite Li is reacted to pierce through diaphragm and internal short-circuit A18 occurs.
Further, the fire precipitating factor includes:
X1: cell casing rupture；
X2: the vapourizing temperature threshold value of electrolyte is lower than 120 DEG C；
X3: electrolyte system, which decomposes, to be generated hydro carbons imflammable gas and generates heat；
X4:Li+, which takes place with electrolyte in 110 DEG C, to react and generates heat；
X5:SEI film starts to decompose when 80 DEG C, and 120 DEG C of whens decompose completely；
X6: there are SEI films on negative electrode material surface；
X7: electrode chemical potential energy and embedding lithium abjection ability are incremented by as state-of-charge SOC is improved；
X8: there are oxygen in ambient air；
X9: positive electrode, which decomposes, to be generated oxygen and discharges heat；
X10: external heat source heating；
X11: needle thorn, extruding, hitting operation are carried out to battery, battery main body is impaired；
X12: super-charge super-discharge forms dendrite lithium；
X13: there are gaps, and Li in charge and discharge process to be caused to accumulate to form dendrite lithium for electric core winding；
X14: electrode current collecting body breakage generates burr and pierces through diaphragm formation internal short-circuit；
X15: diaphragm decomposes fusing, causes positive and negative anodes contact.
Preferably, by the way that intermediate event and elementary event are carried out the mathematical modulo that logical operation obtains battery Fire Fault Tree
The process of type includes:
Top event, intermediate event and elementary event are connected by logic gate and establish battery Fire Fault Tree, wherein is logical
It crosses or what door connected has:
A4, A5 are separately connected A1；A6, x8 are separately connected A2；A7, x10 are separately connected A3；A8, A9 are separately connected A5；A10,
A11, A12, A13 are separately connected A7；X14, A18, x11, x15 connect A13；X12, x13 are separately connected A18；
Have by what is connect with door:
X2, A3 are separately connected A4；X3, A3 are separately connected A8；X9, A3 are separately connected A6；X7, A3 are separately connected A15；A11,
A12, A13 are separately connected A16；A12, A13 are separately connected A17；
Have by what condition was connect with door:
A1, A2, A3 are separately connected T, using x1 as condition；
X6, A3 are separately connected A14, using x5 as condition；
A14, A15, A3 are separately connected A9, using x4 as condition；
Have by what condition or door connected:
A16, x10 are separately connected A10, using x9 as condition；
A17, x10 are separately connected A11, using x4 as condition；
X10, A13 are separately connected A12, using x3 as condition；
The mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree is determined as the following formula:
T=A1A2A3x1
=(x2A3+A8+A9) (x8+x9A3) (x10+A10+A11+A12+A13) x1
=(x2A3+x3A3+x4 (x5A3x6x7A3A3)) (x8+x9A3) (x10+A10
+A11+A12+A13)·x1
Wherein,
A13=x11+x12+x13+x14+x15
A12=x3 (x10+A13)=x3 (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15)
A11=x4 (x10+A14)=x4 (x10+A12A13)=x4 (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15)
A10=x9 (x10+A15)=x9 (x10+A11A12A13)=x9 (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14
+x15)
A3=x10+A7=x10+A10+A11+A12+A13=x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15
The corresponding equation of A13, A12, A11, A10 and A3 is substituted into and determines abbreviation in the mathematical model of the Fault Tree Model
Accident tree mathematical model afterwards:
T=(x2+x3+x4x5x6x7) (x8+x9) (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15) x1.
Preferably, the mathematical model using battery Fire Fault Tree determines the structure importance of fire precipitating factor,
Include:
The structure importance I of fire precipitating factor xi is determined as the following formulaxi:
Ixi=∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]/2(n-1)
In formula, i ∈ [1, n], IxiFor the structure importance of elementary event fire precipitating factor xi, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,
1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)] indicate the state of xi in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree from
Generating state 0 does not become the top event T of the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree after generating state 1 never generating state
0 when becoming generating state 1 in addition to xi in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree other fire precipitating factors state group
Close situation, wherein φ (x1,x2,...,xn)=1 indicates that top event occurs in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree
The case where；φ(x1,x2,...,xn)=0 indicates the feelings that top event does not occur in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree
Condition；φ(x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn) indicate that fire precipitating factor xi is hair in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree
When raw state 1 in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree top event state, φ (x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)
Indicate the mathematics of battery Fire Fault Tree when fire precipitating factor xi is 0 in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree
The state of top event in model, n=15 are the number of fire precipitating factor；
Wherein, as i=1, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(26-
24+1)·(22-1)·(26-1)；
As i=2 or 3, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(24-
1)·(22-1)·(26-1)；
When i=4,5,6 or 7, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=
(22-1)·(26-1)；
As i=8 or 9, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(26-24+
1)·(26-1)；
When i=10,11,12,13,14 or 15, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,
0i,...,xn)]=(26-24+1)·(22-1)。
Before evaluating the battery fire precipitating factor according to the structure importance of the battery fire precipitating factor, also
Include:
According to the statistical result of existing battery fire incident, the probability P that fire precipitating factor xi occurs is obtainedi；
Pass through following formula structure importance I corresponding to fire precipitating factor xixiFire after being optimized is weighted
The structure importance I' of precipitating factorxi:
I'xi=PiIxi/∑Pi
In formula, ∑ PiThe sum of the probability occurred for all fire precipitating factors.
Further, described to be inspired according to the structure importance of the battery fire precipitating factor evaluation battery fire
Factor includes:
The structure importance is sorted from high to low；
The significance level of corresponding fire precipitating factor is determined according to the sequence of the structure importance.
A kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation system, the system comprises:
First determining module leads to electricity by fault tree analysis process determination for fire to occur as top event using battery
The intermediate event and elementary event that Pool fire occurs, the elementary event are fire precipitating factor；
Model construction module establishes battery Fire Fault Tree for intermediate event and elementary event to be carried out logical operation
Mathematical model；
Second determining module, for determining the structure weight of fire precipitating factor using the mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree
It spends；
Third determining module, for obtaining the probability P of fire precipitating factor xi generationiAnd it is sent out according to fire precipitating factor xi
Raw probability PiThe structure importance I' of fire precipitating factor after determining optimizationxi；
Evaluation module, for evaluating battery fire precipitating factor according to the structure importance of battery fire precipitating factor.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that fire occurs as top event using battery first, pass through fault tree analysis process
Determine the intermediate event for causing battery fire to occur and elementary event；Secondly it is determined using the mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree
The structure importance of fire precipitating factor, the mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree is by carrying out intermediate event and elementary event
What logical operation obtained；Battery fire precipitating factor is finally evaluated according to the structure importance of battery fire precipitating factor.This hair
It is bright more fully, system analyze battery occur fire precipitating factor, improve the reasonability of its safety evaluation result, from
And the safety of lithium ion battery can be improved comprehensively.
2, evaluation method of the invention can operate for subsequent evaluation and provide concrete foundation, analytic process comprehensively, system；
Meanwhile methods of fault tree exhibition method is intuitive, is easy to understand, in addition, opposite with the production technology of battery and use environment
It answers, is more convenient to carry out specific aim test to battery fire precipitating factor；
3, each elementary event can clearly can be caused the probability of top event state change by evaluation method of the invention
Show user；The risk of battery system can not only be demarcated, and the convenient safety for improving lithium ion battery comprehensively
Property；Meanwhile being counted in conjunction with existing battery fire incident, to the structure importance weighted calculation of elementary event, more comprehensively
Accurately foundation is provided to instruct and improving lithium ion battery safety in production, design and management.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the battery fire fire Triangle Model figure of a kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method of the present invention and system；
Fig. 3 is the lithium ion battery Fire Fault Tree mould of a kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method of the present invention and system
Type figure；
Fig. 4 is a kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method of the present invention and systematic failures tree logic gate graphical diagram.
Specific embodiment
It elaborates with reference to the accompanying drawing to a specific embodiment of the invention.
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
All other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
101. fire occurs as top event using battery, being determined by fault tree analysis process causes in the generation of battery fire
Between event and elementary event, elementary event be fire precipitating factor；
102. determining the structure importance of fire precipitating factor using the mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree, wherein electricity
The mathematical model of Pool fire accident tree is by carrying out logical operation acquisition for intermediate event and elementary event；
103. evaluating battery fire precipitating factor according to the structure importance of battery fire precipitating factor.
Further, determine that the intermediate event for causing battery fire to occur and elementary event can be with by fault tree analysis process
Include the following steps:
Top event is occured as with lithium-ion electric Pool fire, using top event as Main Analysis object, layer-by-layer expansion, is obtained
To the evolutionary process of battery fire, and lure the elementary event that battery fire even explodes into, specifically: respectively by battery fire three
1st lower layer event of the three elements of angle model as top event；
Using the 1st lower layer's event as the 1st result event, the conditional event of the 1st result event is exported, with conditional event work
It for the 2nd lower layer's event of the 1st lower layer's event, successively derives, until cannot be exported using n-th lower layer's event as the n-th result event
The conditional event of n-th result event, then n-th lower layer's event is elementary event, during the 1st lower layer's event to (n-1)th lower layer's event is
Between event.
Further, the three elements of battery fire Triangle Model include: fuel A1, oxidant A2 and incendiary source A3；
Wherein, oxidant can include: the oxygen in the decomposition product and air of cell positive material；Fuel can include: electricity
Solve liquid, paraffin gas and esters alcohol compound, the mainly decomposition reaction and electrolysis due to electrolyte under high enough temp
The Li of liquid and deintercalation+Reaction；Incendiary source can include: hot environment locating for battery and the embedding lithium of inside battery cathode and electrolyte
React heat production；One is batteries itself to be exposed in the scene of a fire or strong heat radiation；Another kind is inside battery reaction heat production.
Oxidant, fuel and high temperature intercouple, promote mutually, and generation acts under abuse conditions, it will promotes inside battery system
Domino effect occurs, causes battery fire and even explodes.
Such as under the heating of external heat source, the SEI film of negative terminal surface is caused to be decomposed, and the decomposition of SEI film promotes
The embedding lithium of cathode reacts with electrolyte, react releasing heat make battery bulk temperature increase, after and cause anode with
Electrolyte reaction and the decomposition reaction of electrolyte etc..After relief valve rupture, inside battery is accumulated by electrolyte decomposition and vaporization
Poly- imflammable gas, the oxygen that the high temperature and positive electrode that exothermic heat of reaction generates decompose in generation and external environment result in electricity
The generation of Pool fire.
It parses lithium-ion electric Pool fire three elements: obtaining between the intermediate event and event that lithium-ion electric Pool fire occurs
Correlation；Fault Tree Model includes: top event T, intermediate event Ai, elementary event xi and logic gate, wherein thing on top
It is connected between part, intermediate event and elementary event by logic gate；Event is rearranged using logic gate relationship；Building accident
Tree graph shape；
According to corresponding relationship between lithium-ion electric Pool fire and element, the intermediate event that lithium-ion electric Pool fire occurs is obtained
Correlation between Ai and event finds out not subdivisible basic reason xi by depth analysis.
It is as shown in Figure 3: to be occurred as top event, successively by the logic gate relational symbol of drafting using lithium-ion electric Pool fire
Arrangement, will be attached and is simplified between event, obtain accident tree figure.
Further, intermediate event can also include: fuel A1, oxidant A2, incendiary source A3, electrolyte fuel gas by
Thermal evaporation A4, fuel gas product accumulation A5, that electrode material itself generates oxygen A6, battery is anti-from heat production A7, electrolyte decomposition
A8, electrolyte is answered to react A9 with Li+, decomposition reaction heat release A10, the cathode Li of positive electrode material are precipitated and the heat release of electrolyte
Joule heat A13, SEI film that reaction A11, electrolyte decomposition reaction heat production A12, internal short-circuit discharge, which is decomposed, reacts A14, Li+
The exothermic reaction heat effect inside electrode material surface precipitation A15, the internal exothermic reaction heat effect A16 of anode, cathode
A17, dendrite Li pierce through diaphragm and internal short-circuit A18 occur.
Further, fire precipitating factor may include:
X1: cell casing rupture；
X2: the vapourizing temperature threshold value of electrolyte is lower than 120 DEG C；
X3: electrolyte system, which decomposes, to be generated hydro carbons imflammable gas and generates heat；
X4:Li+, which takes place with electrolyte in 110 DEG C, to react and generates heat；
X5:SEI film starts to decompose when 80 DEG C, and 120 DEG C of whens decompose completely；
X6: there are SEI films on negative electrode material surface；
X7: electrode chemical potential energy and embedding lithium abjection ability are incremented by as state-of-charge SOC is improved；
X8: there are oxygen in ambient air；
X9: positive electrode, which decomposes, to be generated oxygen and discharges heat；
X10: external heat source heating；
X11: needle thorn, extruding, hitting operation are carried out to battery, battery main body is impaired；
X12: super-charge super-discharge forms dendrite lithium；
X13: there are gaps, and Li in charge and discharge process to be caused to accumulate to form dendrite lithium for electric core winding；
X14: electrode current collecting body breakage generates burr and pierces through diaphragm formation internal short-circuit；
X15: diaphragm decomposes fusing, causes positive and negative anodes contact.
Further, it can be connected by logic gate between top event, intermediate event and elementary event, basic logic
Symbol includes and door or door, condition and door and condition or four kinds of door；As shown in Fig. 4 (a): indicating there was only incoming event B with door1、
B2When all occurring, outgoing event A just occurs.Such as Fig. 4 (b)；Or door indicates incoming event B1、B2Any of event occur when, it is defeated
Outgoing event A occurs.As Fig. 4 (c) condition and door indicate incoming event B1、B2It not only needs to occur simultaneously, but also must satisfy
Between condition a, just have outgoing event A generation, otherwise just do not occur.As Fig. 4 (d) condition or door indicate incoming event B1、B2At least
There is a generation, in the case where meeting intermediate conditions a, outgoing event A occurs.
Accident tree is the oriented logic tree describing accident from result to reason and occurring, and is the tree graph connected with logic gate.?
Symbol used in accident tree is generally divided into event notation and logic gate symbol two major classes.It is indicated in event notation with rectangle symbols
Top event or intermediate event, code name are respectively T and A.Top event is exactly the accident to be analyzed, positioned at the top of accident tree
End.Intermediate accident is between top event and elementary event.Circle symbol indicates elementary event, positioned at the bottom of accident tree
Portion.Elementary event is the most basic reason that event occurs, i.e., the event that cannot be analyzed down again.Top event is as main point
Object, successively expansion are analysed, the evolutionary process of battery fire is obtained, and lures the elementary event that battery fire even explodes into.
By the way that intermediate event and elementary event are carried out the mistake that logical operation obtains the mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree
Journey includes: to connect top event, intermediate event and elementary event by logic gate to establish battery Fire Fault Tree, wherein logical
It crosses or what door connected has:
A4, A5 are separately connected A1；A6, x8 are separately connected A2；A7, x10 are separately connected A3；A8, A9 are separately connected A5；A10,
A11, A12, A13 are separately connected A7；X14, A18, x11, x15 connect A13；X12, x13 are separately connected A18；
Have by what is connect with door: x2, A3 are separately connected A4；X3, A3 are separately connected A8；X9, A3 are separately connected A6；x7,
A3 is separately connected A15；A11, A12, A13 are separately connected A16；A12, A13 are separately connected A17；
Have by what condition was connect with door: A1, A2, A3 are separately connected T, using x1 as condition；
X6, A3 are separately connected A14, using x5 as condition；
A14, A15, A3 are separately connected A9, using x4 as condition；
Have by what condition or door connected:
A16, x10 are separately connected A10, using x9 as condition；
A17, x10 are separately connected A11, using x4 as condition；
X10, A13 are separately connected A12, using x3 as condition.
The mathematical model of Fault Tree Model is determined as the following formula:
T=A1A2A3x1
=(x2A3+A8+A9) (x8+x9A3) (x10+A10+A11+A12+A13) x1
=(x2A3+x3A3+x4 (x5A3x6x7A3A3)) (x8+x9A3) (x10+A10
+A11+A12+A13)·x1
Wherein,
A13=x11+x12+x13+x14+x15
A12=x3 (x10+A13)=x3 (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15)
A11=x4 (x10+A14)=x4 (x10+A12A13)=x4 (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15)
A10=x9 (x10+A15)=x9 (x10+A11A12A13)=x9 (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14
+x15)
A3=x10+A7=x10+A10+A11+A12+A13=x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15
The corresponding equation of A13, A12, A11, A10 and A3 is substituted into the mathematical model of Fault Tree Model after determining abbreviation
Thing
Therefore tree mathematical model:
T=(x2+x3+x4x5x6x7) (x8+x9) (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15) x1
Based on simplified structural model, gained expression formula is resolved into minimal cut set, and then obtain leading to battery
Fire approach.It is new to define four intermediate events K1, K2, K3 and K4 for convenience of description.Enable K1=(x2+x3+x4x5
X6x7), K2=(x8+x9), K3=(x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15), K4=x1, it can be seen that top event T can
With abbreviation be 4 intermediate events K1, K2, K3, K4 with collection.If by the accident tree mathematical model solution after abbreviation at minimal cut
Collection, available 36 kinds of approach (minimal cut set) cause battery that fire occurs.
Further, using the symmetry of normal form, determine that fire promotees according to the mathematical model of simplified Fault Tree Model
The structure importance of hair factor includes: in event tree analysis, and each event is all two states, and a kind of state is to occur, i.e.,
Xi=1；A kind of state is not occur, i.e. xi=0.The various combination of each elementary event state, and constitute top event not
Same state, i.e. Φ (X)=1 or Φ (X)=0.
Become 1 (i.e. 0 by 0 in the state of some elementary event xii→li), the state of other elementary events remains unchanged, top
The state change of upper event may be there are three types of situation:
1 Φ(0i, X) and=0 → Φ (li, X)=0, then Φ (li,X)-Φ(0i, X)=0；
2 Φ(0i, X) and=0 → Φ (li, X)=1, then Φ (li,X)-Φ(0i, X)=1；
3 Φ(0i, X) and=1 → Φ (li, X)=1, then Φ (li,X)-Φ(0i, X)=0；
The first situation and the third situation cannot all illustrate the state change of xi to what work of the generation of top event
With, it has the effect that second situation illustrates xi, the i.e. state as elementary event xi only, changes to 1 from 0, the shape of other elementary events
Degree remains unchanged, the state Φ (0 of top eventi, X)=0 change to Φ (li, X)=1, that is to say, it is bright, this elementary event xi's
Serve whether state change is to the generation of top event.
Structure importance formula can be with are as follows:
Ixi=∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]/2(n-1)
In formula, IxiFor the structure importance of elementary event fire precipitating factor xi, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,
xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)] indicate the state of xi never generating state 0 become after generating state 1 top event T from
When generating state 0 does not become generating state 1 in addition to xi other fire precipitating factors combinations of states situation, wherein φ (x1,
x2,...,xn)=1 indicate top event there is a situation where；φ(x1,x2,...,xn)=0 indicates the feelings that top event does not occur
Condition；φ(x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn) indicate fire precipitating factor xi be generating state 1 when top event state, φ (x1,
x2,...,0i,...,xn) indicate fire precipitating factor xi be 0 when top event state, n be fire precipitating factor number.
In 15 elementary events, the combination of two states shares 2 whether elementary event occurs15Kind；Using xi as variation
Object, the control group that other events remain unchanged have 214It is a.After enumerating it is not difficult to find that in this accident tree φ (x1,x2,...,
1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn) value only there are two types of: 1 and 0.Therefore, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,
xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)] indicate this 214In a state, xi, which changes, causes top event to change
Number.Formula T=K1K2K3K4 is analyzed with the conclusion.
By taking the structure importance of x1 calculates as an example, if the variation of x1 can cause top event to change, intermediate event
K1, K2, K3 need to be generating state 1.It include six elementary events for K1, total combinations of states situation is 26It is a.If K1 is not
Generating state 0, then x2, x3 and x4x5x6x7 are all that generating state 0, corresponding total combinations of states situation are not
24- 1, therefore it is 2 that K1, which is total combinations of states situation of generating state 1,6-24+1.K2 and K3 is similarly calculated, the structure of x1 can be obtained
Different degree are as follows:
Ix1=((26-24+1)·(22-1)·(26-1))/214=0.565
And so on, x2 and x3 have symmetry, if the variation of x2 or x3 can cause top event to change, in K1
Other all remain 0, and K2, K3, K4 1:
Ix2=Ix3=((24-1)·(22-1)·(26-1))/214=0.175
Remaining elementary event structural coefficient can similarly be calculated:
Ix4=Ix5=Ix6=Ix7=((22-1)·(26-1))/214=0.0115
Ix8=Ix9=((26-24+1)·(26-1))/214=0.188
Ix10=Ix11=Ix12=Ix13=Ix14=Ix15=((26-24+1)·(22-1))/214=0.009
Wherein, [1, n] i ∈, n are the number of fire precipitating factor.
The present embodiment can determine corresponding fire precipitating factor according to the sequence of structure importance from high to low
Significance level provides the ordering scenario in a kind of specific operating condition in the present embodiment, as follows:
Structure importance is sorted from high to low are as follows:
Ix1>Ix8=Ix9>Ix2=Ix3>Ix4=Ix5=Ix6=Ix7>Ix10=Ix11=Ix12=Ix13=Ix14=Ix15；
Then the significance level of fire precipitating factor sorts from high to low are as follows:
X1 > x8=x9 > x2=x3 > x4=x5=x6=x7 > x10=x11=x12=x13=x14=x15.
The structure importance of elementary event shows present in the anti-compression property of battery case, ambient enviroment or internal positive
Material decomposes the oxygen generated and occupies high specific weight to battery fire, if controlled the two, such as improves electricity
Battery is in Hypoxic habitats or solves positive electrode from essence and decomposes generation oxygen and heat production by the air pressure limit of pond shell,
The probability that fire occurs for battery can be reduced.However it will lead to battery when the gas that inside battery generates causes air pressure sharply to increase
It explodes, in order to prevent battery explosion, all design has relief valve at present, can inside release before thermal runaway occurs for battery
Combustion property gas and heat.Elementary event x2, x3, x4, x5, x6, x7, x15 and battery intrinsic safety are related, and wherein electrolyte is pacified
The safety of Quan Xingyu positive electrode has higher structure importance, is the important technology direction for improving battery essential safety, such as
By addition flame-retardant additive or fire retardant electrolyte, electrolyte decomposition characteristic in event x3, x4 can effectively reduce；By ceramics every
Film or high-melting-point diaphragm, which can effectively weaken the fusing rupture of event x15 diaphragm, leads to the generation etc. of internal short-circuit.In addition, for x2
Event can reduce the vaporization of electrolyte, reaching reduces combustible gas by improving electrolyte vapourizing temperature or evaporation latent heat
It generates；In x7 event, by improving negative electrode material, so that it is reduced SEI membrane aperture at high temperature and hinder Li+From negative electrode material
Be precipitated etc..They all have equivalent structure importance by x10, x11, x12, x13, x14, although numerical value is lower, pass through control
Corresponding production technology, Normalization rule environment, can also reduce battery fire risk.In short, reinforce the research of battery essential safety,
And combustible is completely cut off by active defense and is contacted with oxidant, it is the effective ways for reducing battery fire and occurring.
In order to optimize corresponding production technology, Normalization rule method, after analysis weighting can also be first passed through in the present embodiment
More comprehensive and accurate structure importance I'xi, elementary event specific aim scheme is adjusted, specific steps include:
According to the statistical result of existing battery fire incident, the probability P that fire precipitating factor xi occurs is obtainedi；
Existing battery fire incident is counted, the probability P that each fire precipitating factor xi occurs is obtainedi, to each
The corresponding structure importance I of fire precipitating factorxiThe structure importance of fire precipitating factor after being optimized is weighted
I'xi:
I'xi=PiIxi/∑Pi
In formula, ∑ PiThe sum of the probability occurred for all fire precipitating factors.
Further according to the significance level of the structure importance evaluation fire precipitating factor of fire precipitating factor after optimization, specifically
Include:
By the structure importance I' of fire precipitating factor after optimizationxiIt sorts from high to low；
The significance level of corresponding fire precipitating factor is determined according to the sequence of structure importance.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention also proposes a kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation system, comprising:
First determining module leads to electricity by fault tree analysis process determination for fire to occur as top event using battery
The intermediate event and elementary event that Pool fire occurs, elementary event are fire precipitating factor；
Model construction module establishes battery Fire Fault Tree for intermediate event and elementary event to be carried out logical operation
Mathematical model；
Second determining module, for determining the structure weight of fire precipitating factor using the mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree
It spends；
Third determining module, for obtaining the probability P of fire precipitating factor xi generationiAnd it is sent out according to fire precipitating factor xi
Raw probability PiThe structure importance I' of fire precipitating factor after determining optimizationxi；Evaluation module, for being promoted according to battery fire
The structure importance of hair factor evaluates battery fire precipitating factor.
Specifically, the first determining module is specifically used for: respectively using the three elements of battery fire Triangle Model as top event
The 1st lower layer's event；
Using the 1st lower layer's event as the 1st result event, the conditional event of the 1st result event is exported, with conditional event work
It for the 2nd lower layer's event of the 1st lower layer's event, successively derives, until cannot be exported using n-th lower layer's event as the n-th result event
The conditional event of n-th result event, then n-th lower layer's event is elementary event, during the 1st lower layer's event to (n-1)th lower layer's event is
Between event.
Wherein, fire precipitating factor includes:
X1: cell casing rupture；
X2: the vapourizing temperature threshold value of electrolyte is lower than 120 DEG C；
X3: electrolyte system, which decomposes, to be generated hydro carbons imflammable gas and generates heat；
X4:Li+, which takes place with electrolyte in 110 DEG C, to react and generates heat；
X5:SEI film starts to decompose when 80 DEG C, and 120 DEG C of whens decompose completely；
X6: there are SEI films on negative electrode material surface；
X7: electrode chemical potential energy and embedding lithium abjection ability are incremented by as state-of-charge SOC is improved；
X8: there are oxygen in ambient air；
X9: positive electrode, which decomposes, to be generated oxygen and discharges heat；
X10: external heat source heating；
X11: needle thorn, extruding, hitting operation are carried out to battery, battery main body is impaired；
X12: super-charge super-discharge forms dendrite lithium；
X13: there are gaps, and Li in charge and discharge process to be caused to accumulate to form dendrite lithium for electric core winding；
X14: electrode current collecting body breakage generates burr and pierces through diaphragm formation internal short-circuit；
X15: diaphragm decomposes fusing, causes positive and negative anodes contact.
Further, model construction module is specifically used for:
Accident tree mathematical model after determining abbreviation by following formula:
T=(x2+x3+x4x5x6x7) (x8+x9) (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15) x1.
Specifically, the second determining module is specifically used for:
The structure importance I of fire precipitating factor xi is determined as the following formulaxi:
Ixi=∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]/2(n-1)
In formula, i ∈ [1, n], IxiFor the structure importance of elementary event fire precipitating factor xi, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,
1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)] indicate that the state of xi in the mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree is never sent out
Raw state 0 becomes the top event T of the mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree after generating state 1, and never generating state 0 becomes sending out
Except the combinations of states situation of other fire precipitating factors in the mathematical model of xi dispatch from foreign news agency Pool fire accident tree when raw state 1, wherein
φ(x1,x2,...,xn)=1 indicate battery Fire Fault Tree mathematical model in top event there is a situation where；φ(x1,
x2,...,xn)=0 indicate battery Fire Fault Tree mathematical model in top event not there is a situation where；φ(x1,x2,...,
1i,...,xn) indicate battery fire thing when fire precipitating factor xi is generating state 1 in the mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree
The state of top event in the mathematical model of Gu Shu, φ (x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn) indicate battery Fire Fault Tree mathematics
In model fire precipitating factor xi be 0 when battery Fire Fault Tree mathematical model in top event state, n=15 is fire
The number of precipitating factor；
Wherein, as i=1, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(26-
24+1)·(22-1)·(26-1)；
As i=2 or 3, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(24-
1)·(22-1)·(26-1)；
When i=4,5,6 or 7, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=
(22-1)·(26-1)；
As i=8 or 9, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(26-24+
1)·(26-1)；
When i=10,11,12,13,14 or 15, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,
0i,...,xn)]=(26-24+1)·(22-1)。
The system also includes third determining modules, are specifically used for:
According to the statistical result of existing battery fire incident, the probability P that fire precipitating factor xi occurs is obtainedi；
Pass through following formula structure importance I corresponding to fire precipitating factor xixiThe fire after being optimized is weighted
The structure importance I' of calamity precipitating factorxi:
I'xi=PiIxi/∑Pi
In formula, ∑ PiThe sum of the probability occurred for all fire precipitating factors.
The evaluation module is specifically used for:
Second determining module or the calculated structure importance of third determining module are sorted from high to low；
The significance level of corresponding fire precipitating factor is determined according to the sequence of the structure importance.
Based on the structure importance of lithium ion battery Fault Tree Analysis of Fire Accident and elementary event analyze, can from lithium from
The System Design of sub- battery is produced to use angularly come the safety for improving lithium ion battery, reduces fire probability.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, embodiments herein can provide as method, system or computer program
Product.Therefore, complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or reality combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the application
Apply the form of example.Moreover, it wherein includes the computer of computer usable program code that the application, which can be used in one or more,
The computer program implemented in usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) produces
The form of product.
The application is referring to method, the process of equipment (system) and computer program product according to the embodiment of the present application
Figure and/or block diagram describe.It should be understood that every one stream in flowchart and/or the block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions
The combination of process and/or box in journey and/or box and flowchart and/or the block diagram.It can provide these computer programs
Instruct the processor of general purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices to produce
A raw machine, so that being generated by the instruction that computer or the processor of other programmable data processing devices execute for real
The device for the function of being specified in present one or more flows of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
These computer program instructions, which may also be stored in, is able to guide computer or other programmable data processing devices with spy
Determine in the computer-readable memory that mode works, so that it includes referring to that instruction stored in the computer readable memory, which generates,
Enable the manufacture of device, the command device realize in one box of one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram or
The function of being specified in multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that counting
Series of operation steps are executed on calculation machine or other programmable devices to generate computer implemented processing, thus in computer or
The instruction executed on other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram one
The step of function of being specified in a box or multiple boxes.
Finally it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof, to the greatest extent
Invention is explained in detail referring to above-described embodiment for pipe, it should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: still
It can be with modifications or equivalent substitutions are made to specific embodiments of the invention, and without departing from any of spirit and scope of the invention
Modification or equivalent replacement, should all cover within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Using battery occur fire as top event, by fault tree analysis process determine cause battery fire occur intermediate event and
Elementary event, the elementary event are fire precipitating factor；
The structure importance of fire precipitating factor is determined using the mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree, wherein the battery fire
The mathematical model of calamity accident tree is by carrying out logical operation acquisition for intermediate event and elementary event；
The battery fire precipitating factor is evaluated according to the structure importance of the battery fire precipitating factor.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described determined by fault tree analysis process causes battery fire to be sent out
Raw intermediate event and elementary event, comprising:
Respectively using the three elements of battery fire Triangle Model as the 1st lower layer's event of the top event；
Using the 1st lower layer's event as the 1st result event, the conditional event of the 1st result event is exported, with conditional event work
For the 2nd lower layer's event of the 1st lower layer's event, successively derive, until using n-th lower layer's event as the n-th result event, it cannot
The conditional event of the n-th result event is exported, then n-th lower layer's event is elementary event, the 1st lower layer's event to (n-1)th lower layer's event
For intermediate event.
3. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the three elements of the battery fire Triangle Model include: fuel A1,
Oxidant A2 and incendiary source A3；
The oxidant includes: the oxygen in the decomposition product and air of cell positive material；The fuel include: electrolyte,
Paraffin gas and esters alcohol compound；The incendiary source includes: hot environment locating for battery and the embedding lithium of inside battery cathode
It reacts heat production with electrolyte.
4. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the intermediate event further include:
Electrolyte fuel gas is generated oxygen A6, battery certainly by thermal evaporation A4, fuel gas product accumulation A5, electrode material itself
Heat production A7, electrolyte decomposition reaction A8, electrolyte react decomposition reaction heat release A10, the cathode of A9, positive electrode material with Li+
Joule heat A13, SEI film that heat production A12, internal short-circuit release are reacted with the exothermic reaction A11 of electrolyte, electrolyte decomposition is precipitated in Li
It decomposes and reacts A14, Li+ inside electrode material surface precipitation A15, the internal exothermic reaction heat effect A16 of anode, cathode
Exothermic reaction heat effect A17, dendrite Li pierce through diaphragm and internal short-circuit A18 occur.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the fire precipitating factor includes:
X1: cell casing rupture；
X2: the vapourizing temperature threshold value of electrolyte is lower than 120 DEG C；
X3: electrolyte system, which decomposes, to be generated hydro carbons imflammable gas and generates heat；
X4:Li+, which takes place with electrolyte in 110 DEG C, to react and generates heat；
X5:SEI film starts to decompose when 80 DEG C, and 120 DEG C of whens decompose completely；
X6: there are SEI films on negative electrode material surface；
X7: electrode chemical potential energy and embedding lithium abjection ability are incremented by as state-of-charge SOC is improved；
X8: there are oxygen in ambient air；
X9: positive electrode, which decomposes, to be generated oxygen and discharges heat；
X10: external heat source heating；
X11: needle thorn, extruding, hitting operation are carried out to battery, battery main body is impaired；
X12: super-charge super-discharge forms dendrite lithium；
X13: there are gaps, and Li in charge and discharge process to be caused to accumulate to form dendrite lithium for electric core winding；
X14: electrode current collecting body breakage generates burr and pierces through diaphragm formation internal short-circuit；
X15: diaphragm decomposes fusing, causes positive and negative anodes contact.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that obtained by the way that intermediate event and elementary event are carried out logical operation
The process of mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree includes:
Top event, intermediate event and elementary event are connected by logic gate and establish battery Fire Fault Tree, wherein by or
Door connection has:
A4, A5 are separately connected A1；A6, x8 are separately connected A2；A7, x10 are separately connected A3；A8, A9 are separately connected A5；A10,A11,
A12, A13 are separately connected A7；X14, A18, x11, x15 connect A13；X12, x13 are separately connected A18；
Have by what is connect with door:
X2, A3 are separately connected A4；X3, A3 are separately connected A8；X9, A3 are separately connected A6；X7, A3 are separately connected A15；A11,A12,
A13 is separately connected A16；A12, A13 are separately connected A17；
Have by what condition was connect with door:
A1, A2, A3 are separately connected T, using x1 as condition；
X6, A3 are separately connected A14, using x5 as condition；
A14, A15, A3 are separately connected A9, using x4 as condition；
Have by what condition or door connected:
A16, x10 are separately connected A10, using x9 as condition；
A17, x10 are separately connected A11, using x4 as condition；
X10, A13 are separately connected A12, using x3 as condition；
The mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree is determined as the following formula:
T=A1A2A3x1
=(x2A3+A8+A9) (x8+x9A3) (x10+A10+A11+A12+A13) x1
=(x2A3+x3A3+x4 (x5A3x6x7A3A3)) (x8+x9A3) (x10+A10+A11
+A12+A13)·x1
Wherein,
A13=x11+x12+x13+x14+x15
A12=x3 (x10+A13)=x3 (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15)
A11=x4 (x10+A14)=x4 (x10+A12A13)=x4 (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15)
A10=x9 (x10+A15)=x9 (x10+A11A12A13)=x9 (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+
x15)
A3=x10+A7=x10+A10+A11+A12+A13=x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15
The corresponding equation of A13, A12, A11, A10 and A3 is substituted into the mathematical model of the Fault Tree Model after determining abbreviation
Accident tree mathematical model:
T=(x2+x3+x4x5x6x7) (x8+x9) (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15) x1.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the mathematical model using battery Fire Fault Tree determines fire
The structure importance of calamity precipitating factor, comprising:
The structure importance I of fire precipitating factor xi is determined as the following formulaxi:
Ixi=∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]/2(n-1)
In formula, i ∈ [1, n], IxiFor the structure importance of elementary event fire precipitating factor xi, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,
1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)] indicate the state of xi in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree from
Generating state 0 does not become the top event T of the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree after generating state 1 never generating state
0 when becoming generating state 1 in addition to xi in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree other fire precipitating factors state group
Close situation, wherein φ (x1,x2,...,xn)=1 indicates that top event occurs in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree
The case where；φ(x1,x2,...,xn)=0 indicates the feelings that top event does not occur in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree
Condition；φ(x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn) indicate that fire precipitating factor xi is hair in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree
When raw state 1 in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree top event state, φ (x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)
Indicate the mathematics of battery Fire Fault Tree when fire precipitating factor xi is 0 in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree
The state of top event in model, n=15 are the number of fire precipitating factor；
Wherein, as i=1, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(26-24+
1)·(22-1)·(26-1)；
As i=2 or 3, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(24-1)·(22-
1)·(26-1)；
When i=4,5,6 or 7, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(22-
1)·(26-1)；
As i=8 or 9, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(26-24+1)·
(26-1)；
When i=10,11,12,13,14 or 15, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,
xn)]=(26-24+1)·(22-1)。
8. the method for claim 7, which is characterized in that in the structure importance according to the battery fire precipitating factor
Before evaluating the battery fire precipitating factor, further includes:
According to the statistical result of existing battery fire incident, the probability P that fire precipitating factor xi occurs is obtainedi；
Pass through following formula structure importance I corresponding to fire precipitating factor xixiFire after being optimized is weighted to inspire
The structure importance I' of factorxi:
I'xi=PiIxi/∑Pi
In formula, ∑ PiThe sum of the probability occurred for all fire precipitating factors.
9. method as claimed in claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that the structure according to the battery fire precipitating factor
Different degree evaluates the battery fire precipitating factor
The structure importance is sorted from high to low；
The significance level of corresponding fire precipitating factor is determined according to the sequence of the structure importance.
10. a kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation system, which is characterized in that the system comprises:
First determining module, for fire to occur as top event using battery, being determined by fault tree analysis process causes battery fiery
The intermediate event and elementary event that calamity occurs, the elementary event are fire precipitating factor；
Model construction module, for intermediate event and elementary event to be carried out the mathematics that battery Fire Fault Tree is established in logical operation
Model；
Second determining module, for determining that the structure of fire precipitating factor is important using the mathematical model of battery Fire Fault Tree
Degree；
Evaluation module, for evaluating battery fire precipitating factor according to the structure importance of battery fire precipitating factor.
11. method as claimed in claim 10, which is characterized in that first determining module is specifically used for:
Respectively using the three elements of battery fire Triangle Model as the 1st lower layer's event of the top event；
Using the 1st lower layer's event as the 1st result event, the conditional event of the 1st result event is exported, with conditional event work
For the 2nd lower layer's event of the 1st lower layer's event, successively derive, until using n-th lower layer's event as the n-th result event, it cannot
The conditional event of the n-th result event is exported, then n-th lower layer's event is elementary event, the 1st lower layer's event to (n-1)th lower layer's event
For intermediate event.
12. method as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the fire precipitating factor includes:
X1: cell casing rupture；
X2: the vapourizing temperature threshold value of electrolyte is lower than 120 DEG C；
X3: electrolyte system, which decomposes, to be generated hydro carbons imflammable gas and generates heat；
X4:Li+, which takes place with electrolyte in 110 DEG C, to react and generates heat；
X5:SEI film starts to decompose when 80 DEG C, and 120 DEG C of whens decompose completely；
X6: there are SEI films on negative electrode material surface；
X7: electrode chemical potential energy and embedding lithium abjection ability are incremented by as state-of-charge SOC is improved；
X8: there are oxygen in ambient air；
X9: positive electrode, which decomposes, to be generated oxygen and discharges heat；
X10: external heat source heating；
X11: needle thorn, extruding, hitting operation are carried out to battery, battery main body is impaired；
X12: super-charge super-discharge forms dendrite lithium；
X13: there are gaps, and Li in charge and discharge process to be caused to accumulate to form dendrite lithium for electric core winding；
X14: electrode current collecting body breakage generates burr and pierces through diaphragm formation internal short-circuit；
X15: diaphragm decomposes fusing, causes positive and negative anodes contact.
13. method as claimed in claim 12, which is characterized in that the model construction module is specifically used for:
Accident tree mathematical model after determining abbreviation by following formula:
T=(x2+x3+x4x5x6x7) (x8+x9) (x10+x11+x12+x13+x14+x15) x1.
14. method as claimed in claim 13, which is characterized in that second determining module is specifically used for:
The structure importance I of fire precipitating factor xi is determined as the following formulaxi:
Ixi=∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]/2(n-1)
In formula, i ∈ [1, n], IxiFor the structure importance of elementary event fire precipitating factor xi, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,
1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)] indicate the state of xi in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree from
Generating state 0 does not become the top event T of the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree after generating state 1 never generating state
0 when becoming generating state 1 in addition to xi in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree other fire precipitating factors state group
Close situation, wherein φ (x1,x2,...,xn)=1 indicates that top event occurs in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree
The case where；φ(x1,x2,...,xn)=0 indicates the feelings that top event does not occur in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree
Condition；φ(x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn) indicate that fire precipitating factor xi is hair in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree
When raw state 1 in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree top event state, φ (x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)
Indicate the mathematics of battery Fire Fault Tree when fire precipitating factor xi is 0 in the mathematical model of the battery Fire Fault Tree
The state of top event in model, n=15 are the number of fire precipitating factor；
Wherein, as i=1, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(26-24+
1)·(22-1)·(26-1)；
As i=2 or 3, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(24-1)·(22-
1)·(26-1)；
When i=4,5,6 or 7, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(22-
1)·(26-1)；
As i=8 or 9, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,xn)]=(26-24+1)·
(26-1)；
When i=10,11,12,13,14 or 15, ∑ [φ (x1,x2,...,1i,...,xn)-φ(x1,x2,...,0i,...,
xn)]=(26-24+1)·(22-1)。
15. method as claimed in claim 14, which is characterized in that the system also includes third determining modules, are specifically used for:
According to the statistical result of existing battery fire incident, the probability P that fire precipitating factor xi occurs is obtainedi；
Pass through following formula structure importance I corresponding to fire precipitating factor xixiThe rush of the fire after being optimized is weighted
The structure importance I' of hair factorxi:
I'xi=PiIxi/∑Pi
In formula, ∑ PiThe sum of the probability occurred for all fire precipitating factors.
16. the method as described in claims 14 or 15, which is characterized in that the evaluation module is specifically used for:
Second determining module or the calculated structure importance of third determining module are sorted from high to low；
The significance level of corresponding fire precipitating factor is determined according to the sequence of the structure importance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710791722.7A CN109426917A (en) | 2017-09-05 | 2017-09-05 | A kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method and system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710791722.7A CN109426917A (en) | 2017-09-05 | 2017-09-05 | A kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method and system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109426917A true CN109426917A (en) | 2019-03-05 |
Family
ID=65513995
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710791722.7A Pending CN109426917A (en) | 2017-09-05 | 2017-09-05 | A kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method and system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109426917A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109921114A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-06-21 | 深圳鸿鹏新能源科技有限公司 | The means of defence and device of vehicle and its battery pack |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140359366A1 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-04 | Jean-Pascal Schwinn | Method and Engineering Apparatus for Performing a Three-Dimensional Analysis of a Technical System |
| CN104281766A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-01-14 | 南京中电学汇电力安全评价有限公司 | Improved method of fault tree analysis method for safety assessment in electrical power system |
-
2017
- 2017-09-05 CN CN201710791722.7A patent/CN109426917A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140359366A1 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-04 | Jean-Pascal Schwinn | Method and Engineering Apparatus for Performing a Three-Dimensional Analysis of a Technical System |
| CN104281766A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-01-14 | 南京中电学汇电力安全评价有限公司 | Improved method of fault tree analysis method for safety assessment in electrical power system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张耀宗等: "基于故障树分析武警运输安全人为因素", 《陕西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109921114A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-06-21 | 深圳鸿鹏新能源科技有限公司 | The means of defence and device of vehicle and its battery pack |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Hong et al. | Investigation on overcharge-caused thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries in real-world electric vehicles | |
| Gao et al. | Multiscale observation of Li plating for lithium-ion batteries | |
| Liu et al. | Optimal design of Li-ion batteries through multi-physics modeling and multi-objective optimization | |
| Lai et al. | A review of lithium-ion battery failure hazards: Test standards, accident analysis, and safety suggestions | |
| Feng et al. | Dynamic overcharge investigations of lithium ion batteries with different state of health | |
| CN109581240A (en) | Lithium ion battery failure analysis method based on AC impedence method | |
| Liu et al. | In-depth analysis on thermal hazards related research trends about lithium-ion batteries: A bibliometric study | |
| Liu et al. | Quantitative analysis of aging and detection of commercial 18650 lithium-ion battery under slight overcharging cycling | |
| Lan et al. | In-depth bibliometric analysis on research trends in fault diagnosis of lithium-ion batteries | |
| Jiang et al. | Review of the charging safety and charging safety protection of electric vehicles | |
| Zhao et al. | Numerical modeling of thermal runaway for low temperature cycling lithium-ion batteries | |
| Pan et al. | Detecting the foreign matter defect in lithium-ion batteries based on battery pilot manufacturing line data analyses | |
| Chen et al. | A bibliometric analysis of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles | |
| Wang et al. | Exploring thermal hazard of lithium-ion batteries by bibliometric analysis | |
| CN109426577A (en) | A kind of battery fire incident tree-model determines method and system | |
| Meng et al. | Large-scale Li-ion battery research and application in mining industry | |
| CN108258340A (en) | A kind of battery system with gas monitoring apparatus | |
| CN109426917A (en) | A kind of battery fire precipitating factor evaluation method and system | |
| CN113361128A (en) | Abnormal battery cell screening method and system, computer equipment and storage medium | |
| CN105552464A (en) | All-solid-state battery system | |
| CN108197419A (en) | A kind of method based on failure tree analysis (FTA) lithium battery material abnormal performance | |
| Wang et al. | Advances and challenges in thermal runaway modelling of lithium-ion batteries | |
| Sobon et al. | Model-free non-invasive health assessment for battery energy storage assets | |
| CN116068402A (en) | New energy automobile lithium battery state prediction method, device, equipment and storage medium | |
| Zhang et al. | Internal short circuit warning method of parallel lithium-ion module based on loop current detection |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190305 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |