CN109423544A - The control method of cooling stage in a kind of linear guide isothermal normalizing - Google Patents
The control method of cooling stage in a kind of linear guide isothermal normalizing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109423544A CN109423544A CN201710749741.3A CN201710749741A CN109423544A CN 109423544 A CN109423544 A CN 109423544A CN 201710749741 A CN201710749741 A CN 201710749741A CN 109423544 A CN109423544 A CN 109423544A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- linear guide
- cooling
- steel
- temperature
- isothermal normalizing
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
- C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control methods of cooling stage in linear guide isothermal normalizing, in order to avoid there is bainite structure, complete ferritic uniform conversion, when carrying out isothermal normalizing cooling, realize that the gentle cold junction of quickly cooling closes control, controlled by quickly cooling so that the control that the banded structure of material convert, and can be avoided the appearance for occurring non-equilibrium microstructure in material so that material be closer to expected from ferritic conversion；Then it is operated by slow cooling, so that material temperature ancestral is quiet to be down to isothermal temperature.Wherein, when carrying out quickly cooling operation, it has been carried out in two steps quick oil quenching annealing, the quick oil quenching annealing of first time can make material obtain relatively small number of meta-stable tissue and undissolved carbide, by quick oil quenching annealing in two times, compared to traditional technology, enabling to that treated, linear guide material has stronger toughness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control methods of cooling stage in linear guide isothermal normalizing.
Background technique
Linear guide is also known as line rail, sliding rail, linear guides, linear slide rail, is used for straight reciprocating motion occasion, and can hold
Certain torque is carried on a shoulder pole, can realize high-precision linear motion in high-load situations, this.Depending on frictional property, linear motion
Guide rail can be divided into the types such as sliding friction guide rail, rolling friction guide rail, elastic-friction guide rail, fluid friction guide rail.Linear axis
Hold be used primarily on automated machine compare it is more, as the lathe of German import, bending machine, laser-beam welding machine etc., certain straight line
Bearing and linear axis are matched.As linear guide mainly in the relatively high mechanical structure of required precision, straight line is led
Do not have to intermediate medium between the moving element and fixing element of rail, and uses rolling steel balls.
Sliding block-makes movement by profile changeover straight line.Guide track system makes lathe can get fast feed speed, turns in main shaft
In the identical situation of speed, the characteristics of fast feed is linear guide.For linear guide as flat guide, there are two substantially first
Part；One is fixing element as guiding, the other is moving element.Since linear guide is standarized component, to lathe system
Make the depth of parallelism of the plane for only processing an installation guide rail and tune-up guide rail that for factory uniquely to be done.Certainly, in order to guarantee
The precision of lathe, lathe bed or a small amount of scraping of column be it is essential, in most cases, installation is fairly simple.Make
Guide rail for guiding is hardened steel, is placed on mounting plane through fine grinding.Compared with flat guide, linear guide cross section it is several
What shape, more complicated than flat guide, complicated reason is because needing to process groove on guide rail, in favor of the shifting of sliding members
It is dynamic, the shape and quantity of groove, depending on the function to be completed of lathe.Such as: one had not only been born linear function power, but also has born top
The guide track system for covering torque is very different in design compared with the guide rail for being subjected only to linear function power.
The basic function of the fixing element (guide rail) of linear rail system installs the bracket of steel ball, shape such as bearer ring
For " v " font.Bracket is wrapped in the top and two sides of guide rail.In order to support the workpiece of lathe, a set of linear guide is extremely
It is few that there are four brackets.It is used to support large-scale workpiece, the quantity of bracket can be more than four.
When the workpiece of lathe is mobile, steel ball is just circulated in bracket groove, and the abrasion loss of bracket is shared
On each steel ball, to extend the service life of linear guide.In order to eliminate the gap between bracket and guide rail, preload energy
The stability of guide track system is improved, the acquisition of preloading is that overdimensioned steel ball is installed between guide rail and bracket.Steel ball is straight
Diameter tolerance be ± 20 microns, with 0.5 micron for increment, steel ball sifting sort is respectively pivoted on guide rail, preload it is big
It is small, depending on acting on the active force on steel ball.If the active force acted on steel ball is excessive, it is subjected to preloading time mistake
It is long, cause support motion resistance to enhance, with regard to will appear balanced action problem；In order to improve the sensitivity of system, movement resistance is reduced
Power will correspondingly reduce preloading, and in order to improve the retentivity of kinematic accuracy and precision, it is desirable that there are enough pre-add negative
Number, this is contradictory two aspect.
Working time is too long, and steel ball is begun to wear out, and the preload acted on steel ball starts to weaken, and lathe is caused to work
The reduction of component kinematic accuracy.If keeping initial precision, it is necessary to replace rail brackets, or even replacement guide rail.If guide rail
System has preload effect.System accuracy has been lost, and unique method is replacement rolling element.
The design of guide track system makes every effort to have maximum contact area between fixing element and moving element, this can not only be mentioned
The bearing capacity of high system, and system can bear intermittent cut or gravity impact force caused by cutting, and active force is expanded extensively
It dissipates, expands the area of endurance.To achieve it, the groove shape of guide track system is there are many multiplicity, it is representative
There are two types of, a kind of referred to as Gothic (gothic arch), shape is the extension of semicircle, and contact point is vertex；Another kind be it is arc-shaped, together
Sample can serve identical.
It in the processing technology to linear guide raw material, needs to be heat-treated material, heat treatment generally includes to add
Heat, heat preservation, cooling three processes.Wherein, heating temperature is different with processed metal material and heat treatment purpose, but heats
Purpose typically to make prevent can undergo phase transition.Since tissue inter-variable needs certain process, it is heated to material
It after predetermined temperature, needs to be kept for the temperature regular hour, phase transformations is waited to carry out cooling treatment again after the completion；Cooling control also ten
Point important, cooling velocity often will affect the hardness of material.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: being directed to the above-mentioned prior art, proposes a kind of controlling party of cooling stage in linear guide isothermal normalizing
Method avoids the occurrence of bainite structure, completes ferritic uniform conversion.
A kind of technical solution: the control method of cooling stage in linear guide isothermal normalizing, it is first determined austenitizing
Heating temperature and soaking time are first preheated before heating, and furnace temperature preheating temperature to be heated is to 900 degrees Celsius, by straight line rail
Road steel are sent into heating furnace, then proceed to be heated to 950 degrees Celsius, be kept for 950 degree celsius temperature 3 ~ 4 hours；Wherein, straight line rail
Road steel when heated, keep the horizontal hanging setting of all steel, and with the array arrangement that is parallel to each other, the steel of arranged adjacent
Four-way interval keeps 20 ~ 30 centimetres；All linear guide steel distributing positions are greater than 50 centimetres from oven wall；Work as heat preservation
Stage terminates, and when into cooling stage, progress quickly cooling operation control first is operated subsequently into slow cooling and controlled；Wherein, the speed
Cold operation includes quick oil quenching annealing twice, its surface temperature is made to be down to 700 degrees Celsius.
Further, the linear guide steel length interception is consistent, is fixed on bracket by both ends；The bracket packet
Multilayered structure is included, every layer is provided with several linear guide steel both ends fixing clamp gripping members, the both ends fixing clamp gripping member setting
On horizontal slide rail, it can be slided along the direction of vertical line guide rail.
Further, it is annealed when carrying out slow cooling operation control using pit type annealing furnace, and controls heating furnace
Interior air circulation flow.
The utility model has the advantages that in a kind of linear guide isothermal normalizing of the invention cooling stage control method, in order to avoid go out
Now bainite structure completes ferritic uniform conversion, when carrying out isothermal normalizing cooling, realizes that the gentle cold junction of quickly cooling closes control
System is controlled so that the control that the banded structure of material is converted by quickly cooling, and can be avoided and occur non-equilibrium microstructure in material
Occur, so that material is closer to expected ferritic conversion；Then it is operated by slow cooling, is down to so that material temperature ancestral is quiet
Isothermal temperature.
Wherein, when carrying out quickly cooling operation, quick oil quenching annealing, the quick oil quenching annealing energy of first time have been carried out in two steps
So that material is obtained relatively small number of meta-stable tissue and undissolved carbide, anneals, compare by quick oil quenching in two times
In traditional technology, enabling to that treated, linear guide material has stronger toughness.
Specific embodiment
Further explanation is done to the present invention below.
The control method of cooling stage in a kind of linear guide isothermal normalizing, it is first determined the heating temperature of austenitizing and
Soaking time is first preheated before heating, and rectilinear orbit steel are sent by furnace temperature preheating temperature to be heated to 900 degrees Celsius
Heating furnace is then proceeded to be heated to 950 degrees Celsius, be kept for 950 degree celsius temperature 3 ~ 4 hours.Wherein, rectilinear orbit steel are adding
When hot, the horizontal hanging setting of all steel is kept, and with the array arrangement that is parallel to each other, the steel four-way interval of arranged adjacent is equal
Kept for 20 ~ 30 centimetres, all linear guide steel distributing positions are greater than 50 centimetres from oven wall.Linear guide steel length
Interception is consistent, is fixed on bracket by both ends.Bracket includes multilayered structure, and every layer is provided with several linear guide steel two
Fixing clamp gripping member is held, both ends fixing clamp gripping member is arranged on horizontal slide rail, can be slided along the direction of vertical line guide rail.
When holding stage terminates, when into cooling stage, progress quickly cooling operation control first is operated subsequently into slow cooling and is controlled
System.Wherein, quickly cooling operation includes quick oil quenching annealing twice, its surface temperature is made to be down to 700 degrees Celsius.Carrying out slow cooling operation
It is annealed when control using pit type annealing furnace, and controls air circulation flow in heating furnace.
The control method of cooling stage in linear guide isothermal normalizing of the present invention is when carrying out isothermal normalizing cooling, in fact
The existing quickly cooling cold junction that eases up closes control, is controlled by quickly cooling so that the control that the banded structure of material is converted, and can be avoided material
It is middle the appearance of non-equilibrium microstructure occur, so that material is closer to expected ferritic conversion；Then it is operated, is made by slow cooling
Material temperature ancestral is quiet is down to isothermal temperature.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the control method of cooling stage in a kind of linear guide isothermal normalizing, which is characterized in that determine austenitizing first
Heating temperature and soaking time are first preheated before heating, and furnace temperature preheating temperature to be heated is to 900 degrees Celsius, by straight line rail
Road steel are sent into heating furnace, then proceed to be heated to 950 degrees Celsius, be kept for 950 degree celsius temperature 3 ~ 4 hours；Wherein, straight line rail
Road steel when heated, keep the horizontal hanging setting of all steel, and with the array arrangement that is parallel to each other, the steel of arranged adjacent
Four-way interval keeps 20 ~ 30 centimetres；All linear guide steel distributing positions are greater than 50 centimetres from oven wall；Work as heat preservation
Stage terminates, and when into cooling stage, progress quickly cooling operation control first is operated subsequently into slow cooling and controlled；Wherein, the speed
Cold operation includes quick oil quenching annealing twice, its surface temperature is made to be down to 700 degrees Celsius.
2. the control method of cooling stage in linear guide isothermal normalizing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The interception of linear guide steel length is consistent, is fixed on bracket by both ends；The bracket includes multilayered structure, and every layer is provided with
Several linear guide steel both ends fixing clamp gripping members, the both ends fixing clamp gripping member are arranged on horizontal slide rail, can be along vertical
It is slided in the direction of straight linear guide.
3. the control method of cooling stage in linear guide isothermal normalizing according to claim 2, which is characterized in that into
It is annealed when row slow cooling operation control using pit type annealing furnace, and controls air circulation stream in pit type annealing furnace
It is dynamic.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710749741.3A CN109423544A (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | The control method of cooling stage in a kind of linear guide isothermal normalizing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710749741.3A CN109423544A (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | The control method of cooling stage in a kind of linear guide isothermal normalizing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109423544A true CN109423544A (en) | 2019-03-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710749741.3A Pending CN109423544A (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | The control method of cooling stage in a kind of linear guide isothermal normalizing |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102061373A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-05-18 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | Heating-processing technology for improving mechanical property of high-intensity extra-thick plate |
| CN103484636A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-01-01 | 通裕重工股份有限公司 | Production process of forged tee |
| CN204958998U (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2016-01-13 | 湖北精良热处理系统有限公司 | Roller gear thermal treatment special fixture |
| CN106555035A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-04-05 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of steel-casting impact flexibility that raising 3Cr is anti-corrosion |
-
2017
- 2017-08-28 CN CN201710749741.3A patent/CN109423544A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102061373A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-05-18 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | Heating-processing technology for improving mechanical property of high-intensity extra-thick plate |
| CN103484636A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-01-01 | 通裕重工股份有限公司 | Production process of forged tee |
| CN204958998U (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2016-01-13 | 湖北精良热处理系统有限公司 | Roller gear thermal treatment special fixture |
| CN106555035A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-04-05 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of steel-casting impact flexibility that raising 3Cr is anti-corrosion |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 霍晓阳 主编: "《轧制技术基础》", 31 October 2013, 哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20190305 |