CN109423541B - Production device and method for off-line quenching of steel pipe - Google Patents
Production device and method for off-line quenching of steel pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN109423541B CN109423541B CN201710779250.3A CN201710779250A CN109423541B CN 109423541 B CN109423541 B CN 109423541B CN 201710779250 A CN201710779250 A CN 201710779250A CN 109423541 B CN109423541 B CN 109423541B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production device and a production method for off-line quenching of a steel pipe. The production device comprises an external spray cooling device and an internal spray cooling device, wherein the internal spray cooling device carries out internal axial flow spray cooling on the rotating steel pipe; the external spraying cooling device carries out external spraying pressurization spraying cooling on the rotating steel pipe (10), and comprises a direct spraying cooling device (7), a steel pipe thickening end inclined spraying cooling device (8) and a pressing wheel water replenishing device (9); the direct injection cooling device comprises a plurality of spray boxes, wherein the front end of each spray box is provided with a plurality of rows of nozzles, the rear end of each spray box is connected with a water inlet pipeline, a flow meter and a flow regulating valve are arranged on the water inlet pipeline, and the flow meter and the flow regulating valve are connected with a controller; the steel pipe thickening end oblique spraying cooling device comprises a spraying box, wherein the front end of the spraying box is provided with a plurality of rows of nozzles, a plurality of inner cavities are arranged in the spraying box, each inner cavity is connected with a water inlet pipeline, a flow meter and a flow regulating valve, and an angle is formed between the spraying box of the oblique spraying cooling device and the spraying box of the direct spraying cooling device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a steel pipe heat treatment technology, in particular to a production device and a method for off-line quenching of a steel pipe.
Background
The steel pipe heat treatment line has four main processes: the method comprises the steps of heating in a quenching furnace, water quenching, heating in a tempering furnace and thermal straightening, wherein the water quenching process generally adopts a cooling mode of compressing and rotating a steel pipe and then performing internal spraying and external spraying, and an external spraying device generally adopts a low-pressure water spraying mode.
The water quenching often becomes a bottleneck process, the main reason is that the water quenching external cooling equipment used at present is a slit or a spray pipe, a water spraying device with fixed low pressure is generally adopted, the cooling capacity of the water spraying device is limited, the cooling rate cannot be effectively improved even if the flow is increased, so that the water quenching time of the steel pipe is far longer than that of other processes, the production efficiency is low, the time of the pipe material in the furnace is longer, the surface oxidation is serious, and the energy consumption is also large.
When the tempering is carried out by adopting an internal spraying and external spraying mode, even if the flow of external spraying water at low pressure in the length direction is adjustable, the difference of the external cooling speed is not large due to the fact that a water film is difficult to break, the internal spraying water flows to the other end from one end of the steel pipe, the difference of the internal cooling speed is large, the difference of the cooling speeds of different positions of the steel pipe is caused, the intensity fluctuation of the steel pipe after tempering is large, the intensity fluctuation of the whole steel pipe is generally 80-150 MPa, the partial pipe material at the rear part of water cooling is too serious, the straightness of the pipe material after straightening still exceeds the standard, the secondary treatment is needed, and the production cost is increased.
For low-carbon series pipeline pipes, structural pipes and the like, the low cooling speed is required, only a small flow is required, the external water spraying under the fixed low pressure is not uniform, the bending after the water cooling is serious, the rotating facilities are easily damaged, the smooth conveying cannot be realized, the manual intervention is required, and the production efficiency is low.
Chinese patent CN2307006Y discloses an external water spraying device for steel pipes, which adopts a fixed low-pressure spraying type with single-row cooling water pipes, and the cooling rate and uniformity are both limited, especially the steel pipes with large pipe diameter are difficult to be cooled uniformly.
Chinese patent CN201046978Y discloses a double-row external shower pipe, adopts double-row cooling water pipe's fixed low pressure spray pattern, and cooling rate is lower, if the cooling water falls on the steel pipe top, then splashes easily, and cooling efficiency is poor, if the cooling water falls on both sides, then because double-row shower pipe height difference, water pressure velocity of flow difference can lead to the cooling inhomogeneous to it uses for single double row is used mixedly, and is more inhomogeneous when only using one row shower pipe.
Chinese patent CN101490286A discloses a steel pipe cooling method, which adopts a double-row laminar flow slit type, the slit laminar flow forms a stable curtain-mounted water flow, the length and flow range are both limited, and the flow in the length direction is not adjustable, so that the method is not suitable for quenching of quenched and tempered steel pipes, and is only suitable for steel pipes with specific wall thickness/outer diameter ratio from the description.
Chinese patent CN202705412U discloses an external water spray device for steel pipe quenching, which adopts a low-pressure spray type with double rows of cooling water pipes, and is provided with an intermediate distribution water tank, although a flow regulating valve is provided, the device mainly functions as a switch valve in the descriptive sense, and the device is not provided with a pressure control device, so that it is difficult to keep the flow balance of the whole length of the pipe body.
Chinese patent CN204474716U discloses an external spray device for quenching machine, which adopts a low-pressure spray type with double rows of cooling water pipes, and sets a pressure equalizing water tank to equalize pressure, so that even pressure and flow can be provided for the whole length of the pipe body, but once the device is manufactured, the pressure is fixed and not adjustable, and the whole length flow is basically fixed.
The off-line quenching devices for the steel pipes mainly adopt an external spraying mode of fixed low-pressure water spraying, have low and limited cooling rate, cannot be suitable for external spraying and internal spraying quenching and tempering, and cannot effectively shorten the quenching time of the steel pipes. Meanwhile, the double-row flow pressure is configured unadjustably, so that the requirements of quenching processes of steel pipes with various specifications are difficult to meet; due to the symmetrical arrangement of the double rows of nozzles, only a single row of nozzles can be used for the small-caliber steel pipe to meet the cooling process, and the circumferential cooling is more easily uneven.
The existing water quenching external cooling equipment has no water replenishing cooling design specially for the thickened end, and the integral quenching requirement of the thickened steel pipe is difficult to meet. Although the partial cooling device adopts a plurality of cooling spray boxes to carry out sectional cooling on the whole length of the steel pipe, theoretically, the cooling water quantity can be increased for the thickened end, once the set flow of the pipe body reaches or approaches the upper limit, the increased flow of the thickened end is very limited and even cannot be increased; moreover, even if the flow rate of the thickened end is increased, the contact area of cooling water and the steel pipe is almost kept unchanged, so the increased cooling rate is very limited, and the effect of improving the performance quality of the thickened end and shortening the quenching time is not great; meanwhile, due to the length difference of the thickened ends of the steel pipes with various specifications, great difficulty is added to the design and calibration of external cooling equipment, and the stability of a water system in the cooling process is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production device and a production method for off-line quenching of a steel pipe. The invention carries out rapid and uniform cooling on the steel pipe, not only ensures that the steel pipe is straight in full length and uniform in performance after quenching, reduces the loss of rotary equipment, but also greatly shortens the time of bottleneck process, namely water quenching, thereby improving the production efficiency, reducing the time of the pipe material in a furnace, reducing the energy consumption and improving the surface oxidation of the pipe material.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a production device for off-line quenching of a steel pipe comprises an external spray cooling device and an internal spray cooling device, wherein the internal spray cooling device carries out internal axial flow spray cooling on the rotating steel pipe;
the external spraying cooling device is used for carrying out external spraying pressurization spraying cooling on the rotating steel pipe and comprises a direct spraying cooling device and a steel pipe thickening end inclined spraying cooling device;
the direct injection cooling device comprises a plurality of spray boxes, the spray boxes are arranged above a rotating rack for placing steel pipes, the front end of each spray box is provided with a plurality of rows of nozzles, the front ends of the spray boxes face the lower steel pipes, the rear ends of the spray boxes are connected with a water inlet pipeline, a flow meter and a flow regulating valve are arranged on the water inlet pipeline, the flow meter and the flow regulating valve are connected with a controller, the water inlet pipeline is connected with a water collecting pipe, the water collecting pipe is pressurized and supplied with water through a variable frequency water pump, and the variable frequency water; the plurality of spray boxes are arranged in a row, and the straight surface corresponds to the length direction of the steel pipe below;
the steel pipe thickening end oblique spraying cooling device comprises a spraying box, wherein the spraying box is arranged above the side of a rotating platform for placing steel pipes, the front end of the spraying box is provided with a plurality of rows of nozzles, the front end of the spraying box faces the head or the tail of the steel pipe below, a plurality of inner cavities are arranged in the spraying box, each inner cavity is connected with a water inlet pipeline, a flow meter and a flow regulating valve are arranged on each water inlet pipeline, the flow meters and the flow regulating valves are connected with a controller, the water inlet pipelines are connected with water inlet collecting pipes, the water inlet collecting pipes are pressurized by a variable frequency water pump; the spray box deviates from the vertical center line of the section of the steel pipe by an angle and faces the steel pipe, namely an angle is formed between the spray box of the inclined spraying cooling device and the spray box of the direct spraying cooling device.
Spout cooling device outward and still include pinch roller moisturizing device, pinch roller moisturizing device includes a plurality of nozzles, and water intake pipe is connected to a plurality of nozzles, and the nozzle is located the pinch roller below, and up facing to the steel pipe water spray cooling down is followed to the nozzle.
The nozzles of the direct injection cooling device are arranged in a staggered manner in multiple rows.
The nozzles of the inclined spraying cooling device are arranged in a staggered manner in multiple rows.
The length of the inner cavity of the spraying box of the inclined spraying cooling device is determined according to the length L of the transition section of the thickened section of the steel pipegAnd thickened end length LjAnd (4) setting.
Two spray boxes of the inclined spray cooling device are arranged at one end of the head or the tail of the steel pipe and are symmetrically arranged along the vertical center line of the section of the steel pipe.
A production method for off-line quenching of a steel pipe comprises the following steps:
firstly, before the steel pipe quenching production is started, setting corresponding pressure and flow according to the steel grade and specification of the steel pipe, wherein the internal cooling and the external cooling are included, the internal cooling is that an internal spraying cooling device carries out internal axial flow spraying cooling on the rotating steel pipe at a given pressure and flow, the external cooling is that an external spraying cooling device carries out external spraying pressurization spraying cooling on the rotating steel pipe, the pressure and flow are set by a direct spraying cooling device of the external spraying cooling device, and a water replenishing device of a pinch roller carries out spraying cooling at a given pressure and flow;
secondly, after the first steel pipe is heated to the temperature, according to the set pressure and flow, the controller opens a flow regulating valve of the direct injection cooling device to a corresponding opening degree, opens a switch valve of a water inlet pipeline, finely adjusts the flow regulating valve according to the actual flow after the pressure is stable, and regulates the flow to a tolerance allowable range; the relation between the opening degree of the flow regulating valve and the pressure and the flow is firstly calibrated before the direct injection cooling device is put into use, the flow corresponding to different opening degrees under different pressures is determined, and the controller stores the flow; the controller controls the water baffle to be closed;
thirdly, after the pressure and the flow are stable, the steel pipe is drawn out from the quenching furnace, the steel pipe is sent into a rotating rack through a Schewton feeding machine, a water baffle is opened, and the steel pipe is cooled by the set flow; meanwhile, the controller opens the switch valve of the water inlet pipeline of the water replenishing device of the pinch roller, opens the switch valve of the water inlet pipeline of the internal spraying cooling device, and carries out external cooling and internal cooling on the steel pipe;
fourthly, if flow fluctuation exists in the cooling process, the controller carries out closed-loop control on the flow regulating valve in real time to keep the flow stable in the cooling process;
fifthly, after the steel pipe is cooled to the temperature, the controller closes the switch valve and the water baffle of the water inlet pipeline of the water replenishing device of the pinch roller, the externally sprayed cooling water valve keeps an open state, and externally sprayed cooling water flows into the water return pipeline; the closing time sequence of the switch valve of the internal spray cooling device can be advanced or delayed relative to the external spray cooling according to the performance requirements of different steel pipes; after the water baffle, the switch valve of the internal spraying cooling device and the switch valve of the water replenishing device of the pinch roller are closed, the steel pipe is turned out of the water quenching rack;
sixthly, simultaneously drawing out the next steel pipe by the quenching furnace, sending the next steel pipe into the rotary table frame by the Schewton feeding machine in the same batch after the water quenching table frame is emptied, and repeating the third step to the fifth step of the cooling process.
And seventhly, closing all cooling water valves after the cooling of the steel pipes of the current batch is finished.
For cooling the thickened ends of the head and the tail of the steel pipe, water supplementing and cooling of the thickened ends are realized through the steel pipe thickened end inclined spraying cooling device; in the first step, setting the pressure and the flow of the steel pipe thickening end inclined spraying cooling device of the external spraying cooling device; in the second step, the number of inner cavities used by the steel pipe thickened end inclined spraying cooling device is determined according to the length of the thickened end of the steel pipe, the pressure and the flow of water supplementing cooling are determined according to the thickness of the thickened end, and the flow regulating valve is opened to the opening position corresponding to the set flow by the controller; the relation between the opening degree of the flow regulating valve and the pressure and the flow is firstly calibrated before the steel pipe thickening end inclined spraying cooling device is put into use, the flow corresponding to different opening degrees under different pressures is determined, and the controller stores the flow.
When the steel pipe is quenched and tempered, the external cooling device adopts step flow control, namely when the internal spray is one-side water inlet, the external cooling device adjusts the flow density of external water spray of each section to enable the whole length of the external water spray to form cooling capacity distribution opposite to the internal spray.
The external cooling device is controlled by continuously adjusting the flow, and different water flows required by cooling a given steel pipe are calculated according to different wall thicknesses of the steel pipe, steel grade process requirements and Continuous Cooling Transformation (CCT) characteristics so as to control different cooling rates required by quenching the steel pipe.
The flow density control range is 150l/min/m2—2000l/min/m2。
The production device for off-line quenching of the steel pipe adopts a pressurized multi-row segmented direct injection cooling device with adjustable flow and pressure for the steel pipe body, and simultaneously adds a segmented oblique injection cooling device for the thickened end, and uses a more effective water supplementing device at the position of the pressing wheel, thereby ensuring that the whole length of the steel pipe obtains a consistent, rapid and uniform cooling effect. The production method of the off-line quenching of the steel pipe adopts the cooling modes of pressurized direct injection, water replenishing at the thickened end and water replenishing at the compression wheel, and the steel pipe is rapidly and uniformly cooled in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, so that the off-line quenching process requirements of steel pipes of different steel specifications are met, the steel pipe is flat and straight in overall length and uniform in performance after quenching, the loss of rotating equipment is reduced, the time of bottleneck process, namely water quenching is greatly shortened, the production efficiency is improved, the time of the pipe material in a furnace is shortened, the energy consumption is reduced, and the surface oxidation of the pipe material is improved.
The production device and the method for off-line quenching of the steel pipe can meet the process requirements of steel pipe products of different steel grades and specifications on final cooling temperature, cooling rate, pipe surface temperature uniformity, pipe shape after cooling and the like.
According to the multi-row multi-section direct injection cooling device and method, rapid and uniform cooling of the seamless steel pipe in the circumferential direction and the axial direction is realized through the multi-row multi-section direct injection cooling device and method with adjustable water flow and pressure, the steel pipe is ensured to be straight in full length and uniform in performance after quenching, the loss of rotating equipment is reduced, and the time required by water cooling of the pipe body is greatly shortened. By the device and the method for cooling and supplementing water to the thickened end of the steel pipe and supplementing water to the position of the pinch roller, the cooling speed of the thickened end is improved, the phenomenon of cooling weakening caused by the pinch roller is reduced, and the consistency of the overall length cooling time of the steel pipe and the uniformity of performance are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heat treatment line arrangement; in fig. 1: 1, a stepping heating furnace, 2, an external water spraying device, 21, an electric regulating valve, 22, a flowmeter, 3, an internal spraying device, 4 steel pipes, 5 rotating wheels and 6, wherein the stepping tempering furnace is arranged;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus for off-line quenching of a steel pipe according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of nozzles of the direct injection cooling device of the present invention, wherein: FIG. 3 (a) shows a double row staggered arrangement, FIG. 3 (b) shows a three row staggered arrangement, and FIG. 3 (c) shows a four row staggered arrangement;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the direct injection cooling device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the oblique jet cooling device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a water replenishing device of the pinch roller of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a single spray box closed loop circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a full length yield strength fluctuation curve of example 2.
In the figure: 7, a direct injection cooling device, a 71 spray box, a 72 nozzle, a 73 water inlet pipeline, a 74 flow meter and a 75 regulating valve; 8, an inclined spraying cooling device (an inclined spraying cooling device for a thickened end of a steel pipe), 81 spray boxes, 82 nozzles and 83 water inlet pipelines; 9, a pressing wheel water replenishing device, 10 steel pipes and 11 water collecting pipes (water inlet main collecting pipes).
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
The steel pipe heat treatment line has four main processes: the method comprises the steps of heating in a quenching furnace, water quenching, heating in a tempering furnace and thermal straightening, wherein the water quenching process generally adopts a cooling mode of compressing and rotating a steel pipe and then spraying inside and outside, and an external spraying device generally adopts a fixed low-pressure water spraying mode. As shown in fig. 1, in fig. 1: 1 is a stepping heating furnace, 2 is an external water spraying device, 21 is an electric regulating valve, 22 is a flowmeter, 3 is an internal spraying device, 4 is a steel pipe, 5 is a rotating wheel, a compression wheel is arranged on the rotating wheel, and 6 is a stepping tempering furnace.
The production device for the off-line quenching of the steel pipe adopts the pressurized multi-row segmented direct injection cooling device 7 with adjustable flow and pressure for the steel pipe body, and simultaneously adds the segmented oblique injection cooling device 8 aiming at the thickened end, and uses the more effective pressing wheel water supplementing device 9 at the position of the pressing wheel, thereby ensuring that the whole length of the steel pipe obtains consistent rapid and uniform cooling effect.
A production device for off-line quenching of a steel pipe comprises an external spray cooling device and an internal spray cooling device, wherein the internal spray cooling device carries out internal axial flow spray cooling on the rotating steel pipe; the external spray cooling device carries out external spray pressurized spray cooling on the rotating steel pipe. The external spraying cooling device comprises a direct spraying cooling device 7, a steel pipe thickened end inclined spraying cooling device 8 and a pinch roller water supplementing device 9, and is shown in figure 2.
The direct injection cooling device 7 comprises a plurality of spray boxes 71, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the spray boxes 71 are arranged above a rotating rack for placing the steel pipes 10, the front end of each spray box 71 is provided with a plurality of rows of nozzles 72, the front end of each spray box 72 faces the steel pipe below, the rear end of each spray box 72 is connected with a water inlet pipeline 73, each water inlet pipeline 73 is provided with a flow meter 74 and a flow regulating valve 75, each flow meter 74 and each flow regulating valve 75 are connected with a controller, each water inlet pipeline 73 is connected with a water header 11, each water header 11 is pressurized and supplied with water through a variable frequency water pump, and each variable frequency; the plurality of spray boxes 71 are arranged in a line, and the straight surface corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe 10 below.
The nozzles 72 of the direct injection cooling device 7 are arranged in a staggered manner in a plurality of rows. The nozzles 72 at the front end of each spray box 71 are arranged in even rows, and the nozzles 72 in the even rows are symmetrically arranged along the top of the steel pipe 10; the even rows of nozzles 72 are two rows of nozzles and four rows of nozzles, with each nozzle 72 being staggered. The nozzles 72 at the front end of each spray box 71 are in odd rows, one row of the nozzles 72 in the odd rows is aligned to the top of the steel pipe 10, and the other rows of nozzles are symmetrically arranged along the top; the odd rows of nozzles 72 are single rows of nozzles and three rows of nozzles, the three rows of nozzles being staggered.
According to the production device for off-line quenching of the steel pipe, a direct injection cooling device 7 of an external injection cooling device meets the requirements of production outlines of products with different pipe diameters and wall thicknesses, and the direct injection cooling device is provided with a plurality of rows of pressurizing nozzles (1-4 rows) and sectional spray boxes (5-15 sections) with adjustable flow and pressure. The nozzles in even rows are symmetrically arranged along the top of the steel pipe, 1 row of the nozzles in odd rows is aligned to the top of the steel pipe, and the rest of the nozzles are symmetrically arranged along the top. As shown in fig. 3. According to the product specification, mainly the diameter of the steel pipe, the application ranges of the three nozzle arrangement modes in fig. 3 are respectively as follows: the diameter range of the steel pipe corresponding to fig. 3 (a) is 50-150 mm, the diameter range of the steel pipe corresponding to fig. 3 (b) is 100-200 mm, and the diameter range of the steel pipe corresponding to fig. 3 (c) is 150-500 mm.
The direct injection cooling device 7 is designed in stages, each stage is a spray box 71, and a plurality of spray boxes are arranged in a line corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe 10 below. If the direct injection cooling device is designed into a single box body, the full-length flow is difficult to adjust, the direct injection cooling device is difficult to adapt to full-length tempering during internal injection axial flow cooling, a single spray box is too long and is difficult to process, the single spray box is difficult to process and flat, the single spray box is difficult to process and is not beneficial to installation and maintenance, and the length of the common spray box is designed to be less than three meters. If directly spout cooling device short, numerous, though processing is easy, but need supporting valves also many, greatly increased manufacturing cost, the installation calibration is wasted time and energy, also is more loaded down with trivial details in the control. Meanwhile, in order to meet the heat treatment requirements of thick-head and thick-tail drill pipes and the like, the corresponding spray box length capable of adjusting water flow and pressure must be designed according to the thick-head and tail lengths of the steel pipe products. Therefore, the direct injection cooling device is generally designed into a multi-section (5-15 sections) spray box combination according to the position and the thick head-tail length of a compression wheel on a rotating rack. All be provided with flow control valve 75 and flowmeter 74 on each spray box 71 inlet pipe 73, see fig. 4, can carry out closed-loop control according to setting for flow and measured flow, ensure the accuracy of actual flow to satisfy the demand of even cooling under the big or small cooling rate of different steel grades specification. The water inlet pipeline 73 is connected with a water collecting pipe 11, the water collecting pipe supplies water under pressure through a variable frequency water pump, the variable frequency water pump is connected with a controller, and the water supply pressure is controlled through the variable frequency water pump. The water supply pressure range of the direct injection cooling device is 0.1-0.5 MPa, and the maximum water quantity is 4000m3/h。
Due to the obstruction of the pinch rollers, water sprayed outside the steel pipe 10 is difficult to spray on the surface of the steel pipe, and therefore the pinch roller water supplementing device 9 is designed at the pinch rollers for cooling. Referring to fig. 6, the water replenishing device 9 for the pinch roller comprises a plurality of nozzles, the nozzles are connected with a water inlet pipeline, the nozzles are located below the pinch roller, and the nozzles spray water to cool the steel pipe from bottom to top.
In order to meet the heat treatment requirements of thick-head and thick-tail drill pipes and the like, the external spraying cooling device also comprises a steel pipe thickening end inclined spraying cooling device 8. Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the steel pipe thickened end inclined spraying cooling device 8 comprises a spraying box 81, the spraying box 81 is arranged above the side of a rotating rack for placing the steel pipes 10, a plurality of rows of nozzles 82 are arranged at the front end of the spraying box 81, the front end of the spraying box 81 faces the head or the tail of the steel pipe 10 below, a plurality of inner cavities are arranged in the spraying box 81, each inner cavity is provided with a water inlet connected with a water inlet pipeline 83, a flow meter and a flow regulating valve are arranged on the water inlet pipeline 83, and the flow meter and the flow regulating valve are connected with a controller; the water inlet pipeline 83 is connected with a water inlet collecting pipe, the water inlet collecting pipe supplies water under pressure through a variable frequency water pump, and the variable frequency water pump is connected with a controller. The water inlet manifold connected with the oblique spraying cooling device 8 and the water manifold 11 connected with the direct spraying cooling device 7 can be the same water inlet pipe or different water inlet pipes. The spraying box 81 is inclined along the vertical center line of the section of the steel pipe at an angle opposite to the steel pipe, namely, an angle is formed between the spraying box 81 of the inclined spraying cooling device 8 and the spraying box 71 of the direct spraying cooling device 7. If the spray box 71 of the direct injection cooling device directly corresponds to the steel pipe 10, the spray box 81 of the oblique injection cooling device obliquely corresponds to the steel pipe 10 by rotating by an angle and is shifted from the spray box 71 of the direct injection cooling device. The direct-injection cooling water and the side-injection cooling water are complementary and do not interfere with each other, so that the cooling rate of the thickened end is improved, the integral quenching time of the steel pipe is shortened, and the performance of the thickened end is kept consistent with that of the pipe body.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the length of the inner cavity is determined by the length L of the transition section of the thickened section of the steel pipegAnd thickened end length LjSetting; the number of the inner cavities in the spray box 81 is 1 to 6. The nozzles 82 at the front end of the spraying box 81 are arranged in a staggered manner in multiple rows, and the number of the nozzles is 1-6. Mounting plates are arranged at two ends of the spray box 81 and used for being mounted on the support.
The spraying boxes 81 are respectively arranged at the head and tail ends of the steel pipe in the direction and are arranged in a bilateral symmetry manner to supplement water and cool the thickened end of the steel pipe 10. Two spray boxes 81 are arranged at one end of the head or the tail of the steel pipe and are symmetrically arranged along the vertical center line of the section of the steel pipe. If the thickness of the thickened end in the product outline is not large, the water can be sprayed and cooled on one side or on one side symmetrically.
The water replenishing and cooling device for the thickened end of the steel pipe is characterized in that on the basis of an external cooling device which is designed uniformly, an inclined spraying cooling device 8 with adjustable flow and pressure and multiple rows (1-6 rows) of pressurized staggered nozzles is designed according to the requirements of product production outlines with different pipe diameters and wall thicknesses, a box body of a spraying box 81 is divided into multiple (1-6) inner cavities according to the length specification of the thickened end, and an independent water inlet is designed to be connected with a water inlet pipeline 83, a flowmeter and a flow regulating valve, as shown in figure 5. The water inlet pipeline is connected with a water inlet collecting pipe, the water inlet collecting pipe supplies water in a pressurized mode through a variable frequency water pump, the variable frequency water pump is connected with a controller, the water supply pressure is controlled through the variable frequency water pump, and the water supply pressure range is 0.1-0.5 MPa. The length of each inner cavity is determined by the length L of the transition sectiongDifferent thickened end length L than in the product specificationjAnd (5) designing.
The structure of the single spray box 71 closed-loop pipeline of the direct-injection cooling device 7 of the external-injection cooling device is the same as that of the single spray box 81 closed-loop pipeline of the steel pipe thickened end inclined-injection cooling device 8, and the structure is shown in fig. 7. Taking a closed loop pipeline of a single spray tank 71 of the direct-injection cooling device 7 as an example, the rear end of the spray tank 71 is connected with a water inlet pipeline 73, a flow meter 74 and a flow regulating valve 75 are arranged on the water inlet pipeline 73, the flow meter 74 and the flow regulating valve 75 are connected with a controller, the water inlet pipeline 73 is used as a water inlet branch pipe of the spray tank 71, the water inlet pipeline 73 is further connected with a water header 11, the water header 11 is used as a water inlet main header, the water header 11 is pressurized and supplied with water by a variable frequency water pump, and the variable frequency water pump is connected with the controller which controls the water pump. The water supply pressure range of the external spraying cooling device is 0.1-0.5 MPa. The controller opens the flow regulating valve to the opening corresponding to the set flow in advance according to the relationship between the calibrated opening and the flow and the set flow of the water inlet branch pipe. The controller dynamically adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve according to the deviation of the actual flow measured by the flowmeter and the set flow, so that the deviation of the actual flow and the set flow is in an allowable range.
Because steel pipe thickening end moisturizing device carries out the moisturizing cooling on the basis of directly spouting cooling device, the flow demand is little, easily control and regulation, need not to open when cooling off non-thickening steel pipe, reduces the valves loss, is a very economic efficient cooling device.
A production method for off-line quenching of a steel pipe comprises the following steps:
firstly, before the steel pipe quenching production is started, the corresponding pressure and flow rate are set according to the steel grade and specification of the steel pipe, and the internal cooling and the external cooling are included, wherein the internal cooling is that the internal spraying cooling device carries out internal axial flow spraying cooling on the rotating steel pipe at the given pressure and flow rate, and the external cooling is that the external spraying cooling device carries out external spraying pressurization spraying cooling on the rotating steel pipe.
For a common steel pipe, the pressure and the flow rate of a direct injection cooling device 7 of an external injection cooling device are set, and a water replenishing device 9 of a pinch roller is used for injection cooling at the set pressure and flow rate;
for cooling the thickened ends of the head and the tail of the steel pipe, the thickened ends are subjected to water supplementing cooling through the steel pipe thickened end inclined spraying cooling device 8, and the pressure and the flow of the steel pipe thickened end inclined spraying cooling device 8 of the external spraying cooling device are set.
Secondly, after the first steel pipe is heated to the temperature, according to the set pressure and flow, the controller opens the flow regulating valve 75 of the direct injection cooling device 7 to the corresponding opening degree, opens the switch valve of the water inlet pipeline, finely adjusts the flow regulating valve 75 according to the actual flow after the pressure is stable, and regulates the flow to the tolerance allowable range; the relationship between the opening degree of the flow regulating valve 75 and the pressure and the flow is firstly calibrated before the direct injection cooling device 7 is put into use, the flow corresponding to different opening degrees under different pressures is determined, and the controller stores the flow;
for cooling the head and tail thickened ends of the steel pipe, determining the number of inner cavities used by the steel pipe thickened end inclined spraying cooling device 8 according to the length of the steel pipe thickened end, determining the pressure and flow of water supplementing cooling according to the thickness of the thickened end, and opening the flow regulating valve to an opening position corresponding to the set flow by a controller; the relation between the opening degree of the flow regulating valve and the pressure and the flow is firstly calibrated before the steel pipe thickening end inclined spraying cooling device is put into use, the flow corresponding to different opening degrees under different pressures is determined, and the controller stores the flow.
The controller controls the water baffle to be closed.
Thirdly, after the pressure and the flow are stable, the steel pipe is drawn out from the quenching furnace, the steel pipe is sent into a rotating rack through a Schewton feeding machine, a water baffle is opened, and the steel pipe is cooled by the set flow; meanwhile, the controller opens the switch valve of the water inlet pipeline of the pinch roller water replenishing device 9, and the controller opens the switch valve of the water inlet pipeline of the internal spraying cooling device to perform external cooling and internal cooling on the steel pipe. The opening time sequence of the internal spray cooling device can be advanced or lagged relative to the external spray cooling according to the performance requirements of different steel pipes, and different advancing or lagging time can be set.
Fourthly, if flow fluctuation exists in the cooling process, the controller carries out closed-loop control on the flow regulating valve in real time to keep the flow stable in the cooling process; the controller controls the flow regulating valve by a direct injection cooling device 7 and a diagonal injection cooling device 8 of an external injection cooling device.
Fifthly, after the steel pipe is cooled to the temperature, the controller closes the switch valve and the water baffle of the water inlet pipeline of the water replenishing device of the pinch roller, the externally sprayed cooling water valve keeps an open state, and externally sprayed cooling water flows into the water return pipeline; the closing time sequence of the switch valve of the internal spray cooling device can be advanced or lagged relative to the external spray cooling according to the performance requirements of different steel pipes, and different advancing or lagging time can be set. And turning off the water baffle, the switch valve of the internal spraying cooling device and the switch valve of the water supplementing device of the pinch roller, and turning out the steel pipe from the water quenching rack.
Sixthly, simultaneously drawing out the next steel pipe by the quenching furnace, sending the next steel pipe into the rotary table frame by the Schewton feeding machine in the same batch after the water quenching table frame is emptied, and repeating the third step to the fifth step of the cooling process.
And seventhly, closing all cooling water valves after the cooling of the steel pipes of the current batch is finished.
And if the steel pipes of the subsequent batches need to be cooled, repeating the cooling process according to the set pressure and flow of the steel pipes of the next batch.
Different pressures and flow rates are set according to different pipe diameters and wall thicknesses, and the cooling mode of inner axial flow spraying and outer spraying pressurization spraying is implemented on the rotating steel pipe. The production method of the off-line quenching of the steel pipe mainly adopts the following two control strategies for the external cooling device.
Step flow control strategy: when the steel pipe is quenched and tempered, because the inner spray is one-side water inlet, the inner cooling effect of the head of the steel pipe is larger than the outer cooling effect, and in order to ensure the consistency of the axial temperature of the steel pipe, the outer cooling device adjusts the flow density of the outer water spray of each section, so that the whole length of the steel pipe forms the cooling capacity distribution in the direction opposite to the direction of the inner spray, the consistency of the whole-length temperature gradient of the steel pipe is obtained, and the consistency of the whole-length strength of the steel pipe.
And (3) flow continuously adjustable control strategy: according to different wall thicknesses of the steel pipe, steel grade process requirements and Continuous Cooling Transformation (CCT) characteristics, different water flows required by given steel pipe cooling are calculated, so that different cooling rates required by steel pipe quenching are controlled. The flow density control range is wide and stable, and can be from 150l/min/m2—2000l/min/m2And the cooling process requirements of different steel pipes are met.
The production method of the off-line quenching of the steel pipe realizes the rapid and uniform quenching of the steel pipe by adopting a control strategy of increasing the flow of the external spray as a step, ensures the steel pipe to be flat and straight in overall length and uniform in performance after quenching, reduces the loss of rotating equipment, and greatly shortens the time required by water cooling, thereby improving the production efficiency, reducing the time of the pipe material in the furnace, reducing the energy consumption and improving the surface oxidation of the pipe material.
The production method of the off-line quenching of the steel pipe can realize the stepped increasing flow quenching during the internal spraying and the external spraying, the small flow quenching of the small-diameter or thin-wall steel pipe and the pressurizing and water replenishing of the thickened end steel pipe by adopting the control strategy, monitor the fluctuation of water pressure and flow in the cooling process, realize the uniform and stable automatic closed-loop control of the quenching process, ensure the stability of the whole-length pressure and flow of the pipe body in the cooling process and further achieve the aim of uniform cooling.
Examples
1) The direct injection cooling device of the external injection cooling device is designed as two rows of nozzles which are distributed in a staggered manner, and as shown in fig. 3 (a), a cylindrical nozzle is adopted.
2) The lengths of the spray boxes of the direct injection cooling device are respectively 630mm, 1800mm, 1800mm, 1800mm, 1650mm, 1940mm, 1970mm and 1800mm from the inner spray side, and the total length is 13390 mm.
3) The inclined spray cooling device (thickening end water replenishing device) of the external spray cooling device is designed into three rows of nozzles which are distributed in a staggered mode and divided into three sections, and as shown in figure 5, a cylindrical nozzle is adopted.
4) The length of the water replenishing spray box at the thickening end is 1500mm, and the water replenishing spray box is divided into three sections of 500 mm.
Example 1:
carrying out external spraying and internal spraying quenching and tempering on X65QO steel grade marine service pipeline pipes, wherein the external diameter is 168.3mm, the wall thickness is 15mm, and the set parameters are as follows:
rotating speed: 90rpm
Inner jet flow: 418m3/h
External spraying pressure: 0.2MPa
Total flow rate of external jet: 1399m3/h
Table 1 spray box flow density and flow of each section
| |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Length, m | 0.63 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.65 | 1.94 | 1.97 | 1.8 |
| Amount of water, m3/h | 61.31 | 177.85 | 181.21 | 184.03 | 173.01 | 206.60 | 213.48 | 201.24 |
| Water flow density, m3/h/m | 97.31 | 98.81 | 100.67 | 102.24 | 104.85 | 106.50 | 108.36 | 111.80 |
TABLE 2 full Length Properties of quenched Steel tubes
| Maximum yield strength MPa | Minimum yield strength MPa | Yield strength fluctuation MPa | Maximum tensile strength MPa | Minimum tensile strength MPa | Tensile strength fluctuation MPa |
| 505 | 495 | 10 | 582 | 572 | 10 |
As can be seen from Table 2, by using the production apparatus and method for off-line quenching of steel pipes of the present invention, the fluctuation of the yield strength and tensile strength of line pipes after quenching and tempering is significantly reduced.
Example 2:
carrying out external spraying and internal spraying quenching and tempering quenching on the C110 steel pipe, wherein the outer diameter is 88.9mm, the wall thickness of the pipe body is 6.45mm, the wall thickness of the thickened end is 15mm, the length is 900mm, and the set parameters are as follows:
rotating speed: at a speed of 90rpm for the first time,
inner jet flow: 418m3/h ，
External spraying pressure: the pressure of the mixture is 0.2MPa,
total flow rate of external jet: 1500m3/h ，
The water replenishing device at the thickening end is opened for two sections, the length is 1000mm,
thickening end water replenishing pressure: the pressure of the mixture is 0.3MPa,
and (3) total water replenishing flow of the thickening end: 50m3/h 。
It can be seen from the full-length yield strength fluctuation curve (C11088.9 × 6.45 full-length yield strength fluctuation curve) of fig. 8 that the difference between the yield strength and the tensile strength of the thickened end of the quenched and tempered steel pipe and the pipe body is small by using the thickened end water-supplementing cooling device and the thickened end water-supplementing cooling method of the invention. And the water cooling time is shortened to be less than 9S from 11S, the takt of the thickened pipe can be improved by 2S, and the efficiency is improved by about 10%.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A production method for off-line quenching of a steel pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps: is a production method of a production device based on steel pipe off-line quenching;
the production device for the off-line quenching of the steel pipe comprises an external spray cooling device and an internal spray cooling device, wherein the internal spray cooling device performs internal axial flow spray cooling on the rotating steel pipe;
the external spraying cooling device is used for carrying out external spraying pressurization spraying cooling on the rotating steel pipe and comprises a direct spraying cooling device, a steel pipe thickening end inclined spraying cooling device and a pressing wheel water replenishing device;
the direct injection cooling device comprises a plurality of spray boxes, the spray boxes are arranged above a rotating rack for placing steel pipes, the front end of each spray box is provided with a plurality of rows of nozzles, the front ends of the spray boxes face the lower steel pipes, the rear ends of the spray boxes are connected with a water inlet pipeline, a flow meter and a flow regulating valve are arranged on the water inlet pipeline, the flow meter and the flow regulating valve are connected with a controller, the water inlet pipeline is connected with a water collecting pipe, the water collecting pipe is pressurized and supplied with water through a variable frequency water pump, and the variable frequency water; the plurality of spray boxes are arranged in a row, and the straight surface corresponds to the length direction of the steel pipe below;
the steel pipe thickening end oblique spraying cooling device comprises a spraying box, wherein the spraying box is arranged above the side of a rotating platform for placing steel pipes, the front end of the spraying box is provided with a plurality of rows of nozzles, the front end of the spraying box faces the head or the tail of the steel pipe below, a plurality of inner cavities are arranged in the spraying box, each inner cavity is connected with a water inlet pipeline, a flow meter and a flow regulating valve are arranged on each water inlet pipeline, the flow meters and the flow regulating valves are connected with a controller, the water inlet pipelines are connected with water inlet collecting pipes, the water inlet collecting pipes are pressurized by a variable frequency water pump; the spray box deviates an angle along the vertical center line of the section of the steel pipe and faces the steel pipe, namely an angle is formed between the spray box of the inclined spray cooling device and the spray box of the direct spray cooling device;
the water replenishing device of the pressing wheel comprises a plurality of nozzles, the nozzles are connected with a water inlet pipeline and are positioned below the pressing wheel, and the nozzles spray water to cool the steel pipe from bottom to top;
the production method of the steel pipe off-line quenching comprises the following steps:
firstly, before the steel pipe quenching production is started, setting corresponding pressure and flow according to the steel grade and specification of the steel pipe, wherein the internal cooling and the external cooling are included, the internal cooling is that an internal spraying cooling device carries out internal axial flow spraying cooling on the rotating steel pipe at a given pressure and flow, the external cooling is that an external spraying cooling device carries out external spraying pressurization spraying cooling on the rotating steel pipe, the pressure and flow are set by a direct spraying cooling device of the external spraying cooling device, and a water replenishing device of a pinch roller carries out spraying cooling at a given pressure and flow;
secondly, after the first steel pipe is heated to the temperature, according to the set pressure and flow, the controller opens a flow regulating valve of the direct injection cooling device to a corresponding opening degree, opens a switch valve of a water inlet pipeline, finely adjusts the flow regulating valve according to the actual flow after the pressure is stable, and regulates the flow to a tolerance allowable range; the relation between the opening degree of the flow regulating valve and the pressure and the flow is firstly calibrated before the direct injection cooling device is put into use, the flow corresponding to different opening degrees under different pressures is determined, and the controller stores the flow; the controller controls the water baffle to be closed;
thirdly, after the pressure and the flow are stable, the steel pipe is drawn out from the quenching furnace, the steel pipe is sent into a rotating rack through a Schewton feeding machine, a water baffle is opened, and the steel pipe is cooled by the set flow; meanwhile, the controller opens the switch valve of the water inlet pipeline of the water replenishing device of the pinch roller, opens the switch valve of the water inlet pipeline of the internal spraying cooling device, and carries out external cooling and internal cooling on the steel pipe;
fourthly, if flow fluctuation exists in the cooling process, the controller carries out closed-loop control on the flow regulating valve in real time to keep the flow stable in the cooling process;
fifthly, after the steel pipe is cooled to the temperature, the controller closes the switch valve and the water baffle of the water inlet pipeline of the water replenishing device of the pinch roller, the externally sprayed cooling water valve keeps an open state, and externally sprayed cooling water flows into the water return pipeline; the closing time sequence of the switch valve of the internal spray cooling device can be advanced or delayed relative to the external spray cooling according to the performance requirements of different steel pipes; after the water baffle, the switch valve of the internal spraying cooling device and the switch valve of the water replenishing device of the pinch roller are closed, the steel pipe is turned out of the water quenching rack;
sixthly, simultaneously drawing out the next steel pipe from the quenching furnace, sending the next steel pipe into the rotary table frame by the Schewton feeding machine in the same batch after the water quenching table frame is emptied, and repeating the third step to the fifth step of the cooling process;
and seventhly, closing all cooling water valves after the cooling of the steel pipes of the current batch is finished.
2. The method for producing a steel pipe by off-line quenching as set forth in claim 1, wherein: for cooling the thickened ends of the head and the tail of the steel pipe, water supplementing and cooling of the thickened ends are realized through the steel pipe thickened end inclined spraying cooling device; in the first step, setting the pressure and the flow of the steel pipe thickening end inclined spraying cooling device of the external spraying cooling device; in the second step, the number of inner cavities used by the steel pipe thickened end inclined spraying cooling device is determined according to the length of the thickened end of the steel pipe, the pressure and the flow of water supplementing cooling are determined according to the thickness of the thickened end, and the flow regulating valve is opened to the opening position corresponding to the set flow by the controller; the relation between the opening degree of the flow regulating valve and the pressure and the flow is firstly calibrated before the steel pipe thickening end inclined spraying cooling device is put into use, the flow corresponding to different opening degrees under different pressures is determined, and the controller stores the flow.
3. The method for producing a steel pipe by off-line quenching according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: when the steel pipe is quenched and tempered, the external cooling device adopts step flow control, namely when the internal spray is one-side water inlet, the external cooling device adjusts the flow density of external water spray of each section to enable the whole length of the external water spray to form cooling capacity distribution opposite to the internal spray.
4. The method for producing a steel pipe by off-line quenching according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the external cooling device is controlled by continuously adjusting the flow, and different water flows required by cooling a given steel pipe are calculated according to different wall thicknesses of the steel pipe, steel grade process requirements and Continuous Cooling Transformation (CCT) characteristics so as to control different cooling rates required by quenching the steel pipe.
5. The method for producing a steel pipe by off-line quenching as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the flow density control range is 150l/min/m2—2000l/min/m2。
6. The method for producing a steel pipe by off-line quenching as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the nozzles of the direct injection cooling device are arranged in a staggered manner in multiple rows.
7. The method for producing a steel pipe by off-line quenching as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the nozzles of the inclined spraying cooling device are arranged in a staggered manner in multiple rows.
8. The method for producing a steel pipe by off-line quenching as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the length of the inner cavity of the spraying box of the inclined spraying cooling deviceThe length of the transition section is L according to the thickened section of the steel pipegAnd thickened end length LjAnd (4) setting.
9. The method for producing a steel pipe by off-line quenching as set forth in claim 1, wherein: two spray boxes of the inclined spray cooling device are arranged at one end of the head or the tail of the steel pipe and are symmetrically arranged along the vertical center line of the section of the steel pipe.
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