CN109420994B

CN109420994B - Fixing device

Info

Publication number: CN109420994B
Application number: CN201710744999.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐祖寅; 熊波涌
Original assignee: Hongfujin Precision Electronics Chengdu Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hongfujin Precision Electronics Chengdu Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-08-25
Filing date: 2017-08-25
Publication date: 2021-02-05
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-25
Also published as: CN109420994A

Abstract

The invention provides a fixing device for fixing a workpiece with a through hole, which comprises a base and a first fixing mechanism, wherein the base comprises a base plate and a fixing plate, the base plate is provided with a mounting hole, the first fixing mechanism comprises a supporting plate, a first pushing part and two first fixing components, the supporting plate is arranged in the mounting hole, the supporting plate is provided with a through hole, the first pushing part comprises a body and two first pushing parts, the outer side of each first pushing part is provided with a first pushing inclined surface, each first fixing component comprises a first moving part and a first fixing part, the first moving part is provided with a first inclined surface, the first inclined surface is matched with the corresponding first pushing inclined surface, the first fixing part is provided with a first abutting inclined surface, the first pushing inclined surface of each first pushing part abuts against the corresponding first inclined surface by pushing the first pushing part to drive the corresponding first moving part to move, the first moving piece drives the first fixing piece to move so that the first abutting inclined surface abuts against the edge of the through hole to fix the workpiece.

Description

Fixing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fixing device, in particular to a fixing device capable of quickly fixing a workpiece.

Background

The workpiece is usually fixed by a fixing device during the processing. Currently, a conventional fixing device presses or clamps and fixes a workpiece by using a plurality of pressing members or a plurality of clamping jaws. However, each pressing piece or each clamping jaw needs to be correspondingly provided with one air cylinder to drive each pressing piece or each clamping jaw, and a plurality of pressing pieces or a plurality of clamping jaws are difficult to move synchronously in the process of fixing or releasing a workpiece, so that the fixing efficiency is low. Meanwhile, the workpiece is easily damaged by pressing or clamping the workpiece by the fixing device.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a fixing device capable of fixing a workpiece quickly and not easily damaging the workpiece.

A fixing device is used for fixing a workpiece with a through hole and comprises a base and a first fixing mechanism, wherein the base comprises a base plate and a fixing plate arranged on the base plate, the base plate is provided with a mounting hole, the fixing plate is used for placing the workpiece, the first fixing mechanism comprises a supporting plate, a first pushing part and two first fixing components, the supporting plate is arranged in the mounting hole, the supporting plate is provided with a through hole, the first pushing part comprises a body and two first pushing parts, the body is arranged on the supporting plate in a sliding mode, the two first pushing parts are arranged on the edge, close to the through hole, of the body at intervals, a first pushing inclined surface is arranged on the outer side of each first pushing part, the two first fixing components are arranged on the supporting plate and are respectively positioned on two sides of the through hole, and each first fixing component comprises a first moving part and a first fixing part, the first moving member is slidably disposed on the supporting plate, a first inclined surface is disposed at one end of the first moving member close to the through hole, the first inclined surface is matched with the corresponding first pushing inclined surface, the first fixing member is disposed on the first moving member and penetrates through the through hole of the fixing plate and the workpiece, a first abutting inclined surface is disposed on the first fixing member, the first pushing member is pushed to move to enable the first pushing inclined surface of each first pushing portion to abut against the corresponding first inclined surface to drive the corresponding first moving member to move, and the first moving member drives the first fixing member to move to enable the first abutting inclined surface to abut against the edge of the through hole to fix the workpiece.

The fixing device drives the corresponding first moving piece to move by the fact that the first pushing inclined surface of each first pushing portion of the first pushing piece abuts against the first inclined surface of the corresponding first moving piece, and the first moving piece drives the first fixing piece to move so that the first abutting inclined surface of the first fixing piece abuts against the edge of the through hole of the workpiece to fix the workpiece, fixing efficiency is improved, and the workpiece is not easily damaged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially exploded perspective view of the fastening device shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the substrate, the first fixing mechanism and the second fixing mechanism of the fixing device shown in fig. 2 from another view angle.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a first fixing mechanism and a second fixing mechanism of the fixing device shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a partially exploded perspective view of the first and second fixing mechanisms shown in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a partially exploded perspective view of the first and second fixing mechanisms shown in fig. 4 from another perspective.

Description of the main elements

The following detailed description will further illustrate the invention in conjunction with the above-described figures.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that when an element or component is referred to as being "connected" to another element or component, it can be directly connected to the other element or component or intervening elements or components may also be present. When an element or component is referred to as being "disposed on" another element or component, it can be directly on the other element or component or intervening elements or components may also be present.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a fixing device 100 capable of supporting and fixing a workpiece 200 having a through hole 210. The fixing device 100 includes a base 10, a first fixing mechanism 20 and a second fixing mechanism 30. The base 10 is used for placing the workpiece 200. The first fixing mechanism 20 and the second fixing mechanism 30 are disposed on the base 10. The first fixing mechanism 20 and the second fixing mechanism 30 can hold the edge of the through hole 210 to fix the workpiece 200 on the base 10. In this embodiment, the through hole 210 is a rectangular hole, and the through hole 210 is formed through a substantially central position of the workpiece 200.

The susceptor 10 includes a substrate 11 and a fixing plate 12 disposed on the substrate 11. The substrate 11 has a substantially rectangular plate shape, and includes a first surface 111, a second surface 112, a mounting hole 113, a first guide groove 114, and a second guide groove 115. The first surface 111 is disposed opposite to the second surface 112. The mounting hole 113 is substantially rectangular. The mounting hole 113 is located at a substantially central position of the first surface 111 and penetrates through the first surface 111 and the second surface 112. The first guide groove 114 opens on the first surface 111. The first guide groove 114 communicates with the mounting hole 113 and is perpendicular to an edge (not labeled) of the mounting hole 113. The second guide groove 115 is opened on the second surface 112 and is parallel to the first guide groove 114. The second guide groove 115 communicates with the mounting hole 113.

The fixed plate 12 has a substantially rectangular plate shape. The fixing plate 12 is disposed on the first surface 111. The fixing plate 12 is provided with a receiving groove 121 and a through hole 122. The housing groove 121 is a contour groove to house the workpiece 200. The through hole 122 is opened in the substantially central position of the fixed plate 12 and corresponds to the mounting hole 113.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 4 and fig. 5, the first fixing mechanism 20 includes a supporting plate 21, a first pushing rod 22, a guiding element 23, a first pushing element 24, two first elastic elements 25 and two first fixing elements 26. The support plate 21 is substantially rectangular and is disposed in the mounting hole 113. The supporting plate 21 includes a first side surface 211, a second side surface 212, and a through hole 213. The first side 211 is disposed opposite the second side 212. The first side 211 is parallel to the first surface 111 and is close to the first surface 111. The second side 212 is parallel to the second surface 112 and is adjacent to the second surface 112. The through hole 213 is substantially rectangular. The through hole 213 is located at a substantially central position of the first side surface 211 and penetrates the first side surface 211 and the second side surface 212.

The first push rod 22 is slidably mounted in the first guide groove 114. The guide 23 is disposed on the first side 211 and near an edge (not labeled) of the through hole 213. The guide 23 is opened with a guide groove 231. The first pushing member 24 is substantially in the shape of a U-plate, and includes a body 241 and two first pushing portions 242 disposed on the body 241. The body 241 is slidably disposed in the guide groove 231 of the guide 23 and connected to the first push rod 22. The body 241 moves along the guide groove 231 by the push of the first push rod 22. The two first pushing portions 242 are disposed at an edge of the body 241 away from the first push rod 22. The outer side of each first pushing portion 242 is provided with a first pushing inclined surface 2421. The two first elastic members 25 are disposed on the guide member 23 and located at two sides of the guide groove 231, respectively. One ends of the two first elastic members 25 away from the guide member 23 are both abutted against the body 241 of the first pushing member 24 to provide elastic restoring force for the movement of the first pushing member 24.

The two first fixing elements 26 are disposed on the first side surface 211 and located at two sides of the through hole 213. Each first fixing assembly 26 includes a guide 261, a first moving member 262, a first fixing member 263, a first fixing block 264, and at least one second elastic member 265. The guide 261 is disposed on the first side 211 and near an edge (not labeled) of the through hole 213. The guide piece 261 is formed with a guide groove 2611. The guide slots 2611 are located on one side of the guide 261 away from the first side 211 and penetrate through opposite ends of the guide 261. The first moving member 262 has a substantially rectangular plate shape. The first moving member 262 is slidably disposed in the guide groove 2611 of the guide member 261. The first moving member 262 has a first inclined surface 2621 at an end thereof near the through hole 213. The first inclined surface 2621 is engaged with the corresponding first push inclined surface 2421 of the first push portion 242.

The first fixing element 263 is substantially L-shaped, and includes a first connecting portion 2631 and a first abutting portion 2632 disposed on the first connecting portion 2631. The first connection portion 2631 is disposed on the first moving member 262. A first abutting inclined surface 2633 is disposed on a side of the first abutting portion 2632 away from the through hole 213. The first abutting portion 2632 can pass through the through hole 210 of the workpiece 200. The first abutting inclined surface 2633 can abut against the edge of the through hole 210 of the workpiece 200 to fixedly abut against the workpiece 200.

The first fixing block 264 is disposed on the first side surface 211 and near an end of the first moving member 262 far away from the through hole 213. The at least one second elastic element 265 is disposed on the first fixed block 264 and abuts against an end of the first moving element 262 far away from the through hole 213. The at least one second elastic member 265 can provide an elastic restoring force for the movement of the first moving member 262.

The second fixing mechanism 30 includes a second push rod 31, a second pushing member 32, a second fixed block 33, a third elastic member 34, a third pushing member 35, two third fixed blocks 36, two fourth elastic members 37, a second fixing assembly 38, and a third fixing assembly 39. The second push rod 31 is slidably mounted in the second guide groove 115. The second pusher 32 is generally in the form of an elongated plate. The second pushing member 32 is slidably disposed on the second side 212 and located in the second guide groove 115. The second pusher 32 is connected to the second push rod 31. The end of the second pushing member 32 away from the second push rod 31 is provided with a second pushing inclined surface 321. The second fixed block 33 is disposed on the second pushing member 32 and near an end of the second pushing member 32 away from the second push rod 31. The third elastic element 34 is disposed on the second fixed block 33 and abuts against an end of the second pushing element 32 away from the second push rod 31. The third resilient member 34 is capable of providing a resilient return force for the movement of the second pusher member 32.

The third pushing member 35 is slidably disposed on the second side 212 and located in the second guiding groove 115. The third pushing element 35 has a third pushing inclined surface 351 and two fourth pushing inclined surfaces 352. The third pushing inclined surface 351 is opened at one end of the third pushing member 35 close to the second pushing inclined surface 32 and is capable of cooperating with the second pushing inclined surface 321. The third push member 35 moves along the second guide groove 115 by the third push inclined surface 351 and the second push inclined surface 321. Two fourth pushing inclined planes 352 are opened at one end of the third pushing member 35 close to the through hole 213. Two third fixed blocks 36 are disposed on the second side surface 212 and located on two sides of the third pushing member 35 respectively. The two fourth elastic members 37 are respectively disposed on the corresponding third fixed blocks 36 and abut against the third pushing member 35. The two fourth elastic members 37 are capable of providing elastic restoring forces for the movement of the third urging member 35.

The second fixing assembly 38 includes a second moving member 381, a second fixing member 382, a fourth fixing block 383, and at least one fifth elastic member 384. The second moving member 381 is slidably disposed on the second side surface 212 and can cover the through hole 213. A fifth pushing inclined surface 3811 is disposed on one side of the second moving member 381 facing the through hole 213. The fifth push ramp 3811 engages one of the two fourth push ramps 352. The second fixing member 382 is substantially U-shaped, and includes a second connecting portion 3821 and two second supporting portions 3822. The second connecting portion 3821 is disposed on one side of the second moving member 381 facing the through hole 213. The two second supporting portions 3822 are disposed on the second connecting portion 3821 at an interval and are respectively located at two ends of the second connecting portion 3821. The two second supporting portions 3822 pass through the through holes 213 and protrude from the first side surface 211. One side of each second abutting portion 3822 is provided with a second abutting inclined surface 3823. The two second supporting portions 3822 can pass through the through hole 210 of the workpiece 200. The second abutting inclined surface 3823 of each second abutting portion 3822 can abut against the edge of the through hole 210 of the workpiece 200 to fixedly abut against the workpiece 200. The fourth fixed block 383 is disposed on the second side surface 212 and close to the second moving member 381. At least one fifth elastic element 384 is disposed on the fourth fixed block 383 and abuts against the second moving element 381. The at least one fifth elastic member 384 can provide an elastic restoring force for the movement of the second moving member 381.

The third fixing assembly 39 includes a third moving member 391, a third fixing member 392, a fifth fixing block 393, and at least one sixth elastic member 394. The third moving member 391 is slidably disposed on the second side surface 212 and can cover the through hole 213. A sixth pushing inclined surface 3911 is disposed on one side of the third moving member 391 facing the through hole 213. The sixth push ramp 3911 engages the other of the two fourth push ramps 352. The third fixing member 392 is substantially L-shaped, and includes a third connecting portion 3921 and a third abutting portion 3922. The third connecting portion 3921 is disposed on one side of the third moving member 391 facing the through hole 213. The third abutting portion 3922 is disposed on the third connecting portion 3921. The third abutting portion 3922 passes through the through hole 213 and protrudes out of the first side surface 211. The third supporting portion 3922 is located between the two second supporting portions 3822. A third abutting inclined surface 3923 is disposed on one side of the third abutting portion 3922. The third abutting portion 3922 can penetrate through the through hole 210 of the workpiece 200. The third abutting inclined surface 3923 can abut against the edge of the through hole 210 of the workpiece 200 to fixedly abut against the workpiece 200. The fifth fixing block 393 is disposed on the second side 212 and is close to the third moving member 391. The at least one sixth elastic member 394 is disposed on the fifth fixed block 393 and abuts against the third moving member 391. The at least one sixth elastic member 394 can provide an elastic restoring force for the movement of the third moving member 391.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, during assembly, the supporting plate 21 is disposed in the mounting hole 113, and the first push rod 22 is slidably mounted in the first guiding groove 114. The guide 23 is disposed on the first side surface 211 and close to an edge of the through hole 213, and the body 241 of the first pushing member 24 is slidably disposed in the guide groove 231 of the guide 23 and connected to the first push rod 22. Two first elastic members 25 are disposed on the guide 23, and one ends of the two first elastic members 25 far from the guide 23 are both abutted against the body 241 of the first pushing member 24, and the guiding member 261 of each first fixing assembly 26 is disposed on the first side surface 211 and close to an edge (not labeled) of the through hole 213. The first moving part 262 is slidably disposed in the guiding groove 2611 of the guiding part 261, the first inclined surface 2621 is matched with the corresponding first pushing inclined surface 2421 of the first pushing part 242, and the first connecting part 2631 of the first fixing part 263 is disposed on the first moving part 262. The first connection portion 2631 is disposed on the first moving member 262. The first fixing block 264 is disposed on the first side surface 211 and close to one end of the first moving member 262 far away from the through hole 213, and the at least one second elastic member 265 is disposed on the first fixing block 264 and abuts against one end of the first moving member 262 far away from the through hole 213.

Then, the second push rod 31 is slidably mounted in the second guide groove 115, and the second pushing member 32 is slidably mounted on the second side 212 and in the second guide groove 115. The second pushing member 32 is connected to the second push rod 31, and the second fixed block 33 is disposed on the second pushing member 32 and near an end of the second pushing member 32 away from the second push rod 31. The third elastic element 34 is disposed on the second fixed block 33 and abuts against an end of the second pushing element 32 away from the second push rod 31, and the third pushing element 35 is slidably disposed on the second side surface 212 and located in the second guiding groove 115, and the third pushing inclined surface 351 is matched with the second pushing inclined surface 321. Two third fixed blocks 36 are disposed on the second side surface 212 and located at two sides of the third pushing member 35, and two fourth elastic members 37 are disposed on the corresponding third fixed blocks 36 and abut against the third pushing member 35. The second moving member 381 is slidably disposed on the second side surface 212, the fifth pushing inclined surface 3811 is matched with one of the two fourth pushing inclined surfaces 352, and the second connecting portion 3821 is disposed on a side of the second moving member 381 facing the through hole 213. The two second supporting portions 3822 are disposed on the second connecting portion 3821 at an interval and pass through the through hole 213 to protrude from the first side surface 211. The fourth fixed block 383 is disposed on the second side surface 212 and close to the second moving member 381, and the at least one fifth elastic member 384 is disposed on the fourth fixed block 383 and abuts against the second moving member 381. The third moving member 391 is slidably disposed on the second side surface 212, and the sixth pushing inclined surface 3911 is engaged with the other of the two fourth pushing inclined surfaces 352. The third connecting portion 3921 of the third fixing member 392 is disposed on one side of the third moving member 391 facing the through hole 213, and the third abutting portion 3922 is disposed on the third connecting portion 3921. The fifth fixed block 393 is disposed on the second side 212 and adjacent to the third moving member 391, and the at least one sixth elastic member 394 is disposed on the fifth fixed block 393 and abuts against the third moving member 391. Finally, the fixing plate 12 is disposed on the first surface 111, completing the assembly of the entire fixing device 100.

In use, a workpiece is placed in the accommodating groove 121 of the fixing plate 12, and the first abutting portion 2632 of each of the first fixing members 263, the two second abutting portions 3822 of the second fixing member 382, and the third abutting portion 3922 of the third fixing member 392 pass through the through hole 210. The third supporting portion 3922 is pushed to drive the first pushing member 24 to move along the guide groove 231, so that the first pushing inclined surfaces 2421 of the two first pushing portions 242 of the first pushing member 24 respectively push the corresponding first inclined surfaces 2621 of the first moving member 262 to push the first moving member 262. The first fixing element 263 is driven by the first moving element 262 to make the first abutting inclined surface 2633 abut against the edge of the through hole 210 to fixedly abut against the workpiece 200. Meanwhile, the second push rod 31 is pushed to drive the second pushing member 32 to move, so that the second pushing inclined surface 321 of the second pushing member 32 pushes against the third pushing inclined surface 351 of the third pushing member 35 to push the third pushing member 35 to move. The two fourth pushing inclined surfaces 352 of the third pushing part 35 respectively push against the fifth pushing inclined surface 3811 of the second moving part 381 and the sixth pushing inclined surface 3911 of the third moving part 391 to move the second moving part 381 and the third moving part 391. The second moving part 381 and the third moving part 391 respectively drive the two second supporting parts 3822 of the second fixing part 382 and the third supporting part 3922 of the third fixing part 392 to move to support the edge of the through hole 210 of the workpiece 200, so as to further support and fix the workpiece 200.

The fixing device 100 includes a base 10, a first fixing mechanism 20 and a second fixing mechanism 30, but not limited thereto, in other embodiments, the second fixing mechanism 30 may be eliminated without affecting the first fixing mechanism 20 to fix the workpiece 200 on the base 10.

The supporting plate 21, the first pushing rod 22, the guiding member 23, the first pushing member 24, the two first elastic members 25, and the two first fixing assemblies 26, but not limited thereto, in other embodiments, the first pushing rod 22, the guiding member 23, and the two first elastic members 25 may be eliminated, and the first pushing member 24 is directly slidably disposed on the supporting plate 21, and directly pushes the first pushing member 24 to move, without affecting the first pushing member 24 to drive the two first fixing assemblies 26 to support and fix the workpiece 200.

Each first fixing assembly 26 includes a guiding element 261, a first moving element 262, a first fixing element 263, a first fixing element 264 and at least one second elastic element 265, but not limited thereto, in other embodiments, the guiding element 261, the first fixing element 264 and the at least one second elastic element 265 may be eliminated, and the first moving element 262 is directly slidably disposed on the first side surface 211 of the supporting plate 21, and does not affect the first moving element 262 to drive the first fixing element 263 to move so as to support and fix the workpiece 200.

The second fixing mechanism 30 includes a second push rod 31, a second pushing member 32, a second fixed block 33, a third elastic member 34, a third pushing member 35, two third fixed blocks 36, two fourth elastic members 37, a second fixing assembly 38, and a third fixing assembly 39, but not limited thereto, in other embodiments, the third fixing assembly 39 may be eliminated without affecting the second fixing mechanism 30 to further support and fix the workpiece 200.

The second fixing assembly 38 includes a second moving part 381, a second fixing part 382, a fourth fixing block 383, and at least one fifth elastic part 384, but not limited thereto, in other embodiments, the fourth fixing block 383 and the at least one fifth elastic part 384 do not affect the second moving part 381 to drive the second fixing part 382 to support and fix the workpiece 200.

The fixing device 100 drives the corresponding first moving element 262 to move by the first pushing inclined surface 2421 of each first pushing portion 242 of the first pushing element 24 abutting against the first inclined surface 2621 of the corresponding first moving element 262, and the first moving element 262 drives the first fixing element 263 to move so that the first abutting inclined surface 2633 of the first fixing element 263 abuts against the edge of the through hole 210 of the workpiece 200 to fix the workpiece 200. Meanwhile, the second fixing member 382 and the third fixing member 392 of the second fixing mechanism 30 simultaneously abut against the edge of the through hole 210 of the workpiece 200 to further fix the workpiece 200, so that the fixing efficiency is improved, and the workpiece 200 is not easily damaged.

In addition, other modifications within the spirit of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art, and such modifications are, of course, included within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a fixing device for the fixed work piece that has the through-hole, this fixing device includes base and first fixed establishment, and this base includes the base plate and sets up the fixed plate on this base plate, and this base plate has the mounting hole, and this fixed plate is used for placing this work piece, its characterized in that: the fixing mechanism comprises a supporting plate, a first pushing part and two first fixing components, the supporting plate is arranged in the mounting hole and is provided with a through hole, the first pushing part comprises a body and two first pushing parts, the body is slidably arranged on the supporting plate, the two first pushing parts are arranged on the edge of the body close to the through hole at intervals, a first pushing inclined surface is arranged on the outer side of each first pushing part, the two first fixing components are arranged on the supporting plate and are respectively positioned on two sides of the through hole, each first fixing component comprises a first moving part and a first fixing part, the first moving part is slidably arranged on the supporting plate, one end of the first moving part close to the through hole is provided with a first inclined surface which is matched with the corresponding first pushing inclined surface, the first fixing part is arranged on the first moving part and penetrates through the fixing plate and the through hole of the workpiece, the first fixing piece is provided with a first abutting inclined surface, the first pushing inclined surface of each first pushing portion abuts against the corresponding first inclined surface by pushing the first pushing piece to move so as to drive the corresponding first moving piece to move, the first moving piece drives the first fixing piece to move so as to enable the first abutting inclined surface to abut against the edge of the through hole and fix a workpiece, the supporting plate further comprises a first side surface and a second side surface, the first side surface and the second side surface are arranged oppositely, the penetrating hole is rectangular, the penetrating hole is located in the center of the first side surface and penetrates through the first side surface and the second side surface, and the body and the first moving piece are arranged on the first side surface in a sliding mode.

2. The fixture of claim 1, wherein: the substrate further comprises a first surface, a second surface, a first guide groove and a second guide groove, the first surface and the second surface are arranged oppositely, the mounting hole is rectangular, the mounting hole is located in the center of the first surface and penetrates through the first surface and the second surface, the first guide groove is arranged on the first surface and penetrates through one edge of the substrate, the first guide groove is communicated with the mounting hole and is perpendicular to one edge of the mounting hole, the second guide groove is arranged on the second surface and is parallel to the first guide groove, the second guide groove is communicated with the mounting hole and penetrates through one edge of the substrate, the fixing plate is arranged on the first surface, the first side face is parallel to the first surface and is close to the first surface, and the second side face is parallel to the second surface and is close to the second surface.

3. The fixture of claim 2, wherein: the first fixing mechanism further comprises a first push rod, a guide piece and two first elastic pieces, the first push rod is slidably erected in the first guide groove, the guide piece is arranged on the first side face and close to one edge of the through hole, a guide groove is formed in the guide piece, and the body is slidably arranged in the guide groove and connected with the first push rod.

4. The fixture of claim 2, wherein: each first fixing component further comprises a guide piece, a first fixing block and at least one second elastic piece, the guide piece is arranged on the first side face and close to one edge of the through hole, a guide groove is formed in the guide piece, the guide groove is located on one side, away from the first side face, of the guide piece and penetrates through two opposite ends of the guide piece, the first moving piece is arranged in the guide groove in a sliding mode, the first fixing block is arranged on the first side face and close to one end, away from the through hole, of the first moving piece, and at least one second elastic piece is arranged on the first fixing block and abuts against one end, away from the through hole, of the first moving piece.

5. The fixture apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the first fixing piece is L-shaped and comprises a first connecting portion and a first abutting portion arranged on the first connecting portion, the first connecting portion is arranged on the first moving piece, the first abutting inclined surface is arranged on one side, away from the through hole, of the first abutting portion, and the first abutting portion can penetrate through the through hole of the workpiece.

6. The fixture of claim 2, wherein: the fixing device also comprises a second fixing mechanism, the second fixing mechanism comprises a second push rod, a second pushing piece, a second fixed block, a third elastic piece, a third pushing piece and a second fixing component, the second push rod is slidably erected in the second guide groove, the second pushing piece is slidably arranged on the second side surface and connected with the second push rod, one end of the second pushing piece, which is far away from the second push rod, is provided with a second pushing inclined surface, the third pushing piece is slidably arranged on the second side surface and positioned in the second guide groove, the third pushing piece is provided with a third pushing inclined surface and two fourth pushing inclined surfaces, the third pushing inclined surface is arranged at one end, which is close to the second pushing piece, of the third pushing piece and can be matched with the second pushing inclined surface, the third pushing piece moves along the second guide groove under the action of the third pushing inclined surface and the second pushing inclined surface, the two fourth pushing inclined planes are arranged at one end of the third pushing piece close to the through hole, the second fixing component comprises a second moving piece and a second fixing piece, the second moving piece is arranged on the second side surface in a sliding manner and can seal the through hole, a fifth pushing inclined plane is arranged at one side of the second moving piece facing the through hole and can be matched with one of the two fourth pushing inclined planes, the second fixing piece is U-shaped and comprises a second connecting part and two second abutting parts, the second connecting part is arranged at one side of the second moving piece facing the through hole, the two second abutting parts are arranged on the second connecting part at intervals and are respectively positioned at two ends of the second connecting part, the two second abutting parts penetrate through the through hole and protrude out of the first side surface, a second abutting inclined plane is arranged at one side of each second abutting part, the two second abutting parts can penetrate through the through hole of the workpiece, and the second abutting inclined surface of each second abutting part can abut against the edge of the through hole so as to fixedly abut against the workpiece.

7. The fixture of claim 6, wherein: the second fixing mechanism further comprises a second fixing block, a third elastic piece, two third fixing blocks and two fourth elastic pieces, the second fixing block is arranged on the second pushing piece and close to one end, far away from the second push rod, of the second pushing piece, the third elastic piece is arranged on the second fixing block and abuts against one end, far away from the second push rod, of the second pushing piece, the two third fixing blocks are arranged on the second side face and located on two sides of the third pushing piece respectively, and the two fourth elastic pieces are arranged on the corresponding third fixing blocks respectively and abut against the third pushing piece.

8. The fixture of claim 7, wherein: the second fixing assembly further comprises a fourth fixing block and at least one fifth elastic piece, the fourth fixing block is arranged on the second side face and close to the second moving piece, and the at least one fifth elastic piece is arranged on the fourth fixing block and abuts against the second moving piece.

9. The fixture of claim 6, wherein: the second fixing mechanism further comprises a third fixing component, the third fixing component comprises a third moving piece, a third fixing piece, a fifth fixing block and at least one sixth elastic piece, the third moving piece is slidably arranged on the second side face and can seal the through hole, a sixth pushing inclined plane is arranged on one side, facing the through hole, of the third moving piece and can be matched with the other of the two fourth pushing inclined planes, the third fixing piece is L-shaped and comprises a third connecting part and a third abutting part, the third connecting part is arranged on one side, facing the through hole, of the third moving piece, the third abutting part is arranged on the third connecting part, penetrates through the through hole and protrudes out of the first side face, the third abutting part is located between the two second abutting parts, and a third abutting inclined plane is arranged on one side of the third abutting part, the third abutting portion can penetrate through the through hole of the workpiece, the third abutting inclined surface can abut against the edge of the through hole to fixedly abut against the workpiece, the fifth fixing block is arranged on the second side face and close to the third moving piece, and at least one sixth elastic piece is arranged on the fifth fixing block and abuts against the third moving piece.