CN109420891B - Pin press-fitting device for automobile gear shifter production line - Google Patents
Pin press-fitting device for automobile gear shifter production line Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109420891B CN109420891B CN201710784465.4A CN201710784465A CN109420891B CN 109420891 B CN109420891 B CN 109420891B CN 201710784465 A CN201710784465 A CN 201710784465A CN 109420891 B CN109420891 B CN 109420891B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pressing
- rod
- pin
- press
- sleeve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/02—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same
- B23P19/027—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same using hydraulic or pneumatic means
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of automobile gear shifter production lines, in particular to a pin press-fitting device of an automobile gear shifter production line, which comprises a bottom plate, a pin press and a detection device, wherein the pin press and the detection device are both arranged on the bottom plate, the detection device comprises a touch rod assembly and a proximity switch, a telescopic touch rod is arranged in the touch rod assembly, the touch rod is pressed down by a workpiece to be installed to extend out and is sensed by the proximity switch, the pin press is provided with a liftable press head, the press head comprises a press rod, a press head spring and a press head floating sleeve, the upper end of the press rod is provided with a connecting plate, the lower end of the press rod extends into the press head floating sleeve, the press head spring is sleeved on the press rod and is arranged between the connecting plate and the press head floating sleeve, the lower end of the press head floating sleeve is provided with a press pin hole for placing a pin to be pressed, and the pin in the press pin hole is pressed out by the press rod. The invention has convenient operation, avoids injury of workers and has high production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile gear shifter production, in particular to a pin press-fitting device for an automobile gear shifter production line.
Background
In recent years, as the requirement of the industrial field on the automation degree is continuously increased, the requirement on a high-quality automatic production line is also increasing. In the prior art, an operator holds a pin for press mounting, and after a novel automobile gear shifter is upgraded and improved, the length of the used pin is shortened, so that manual operation is inconvenient and danger is easy to occur, in recent years, the injured event of the operator is endless due to the design problem of a production line, and the improvement of the pin press mounting device on the automobile gear shifter production line is urgently needed in consideration of the safety problem of the worker and the production efficiency problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pin press-fitting device for an automobile gear shifter production line, which is used for replacing the traditional manual installation production mode and solves the problems that the existing device is inconvenient to operate, easy to injure, low in production efficiency and the like.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an automobile gear shifter production line pin pressure equipment device, includes bottom plate, pin press and detection device all install on the bottom plate, wherein detection device includes feeler lever subassembly and proximity switch, be equipped with telescopic touch-sensitive pole in the feeler lever subassembly, just the touch-sensitive pole is through waiting to install work piece to push down stretch out with proximity switch response, pin press is equipped with liftable pressure head, the pressure head includes depression bar, pressure head spring and pressure head floating cover, the depression bar upper end is equipped with the connecting plate, the depression bar lower extreme stretches into in the pressure head floating cover, the pressure head spring cover is located on the depression bar and set up in between connecting plate and the pressure head floating cover lower extreme is equipped with the pressure nail hole of waiting to press the dress pin, just the pin in the pressure nail hole passes through the depression bar.
The pin press comprises a support, an air cylinder and a pressure head, wherein the support is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, the air cylinder is arranged on the support, and the pressure head is driven to lift by the air cylinder.
The pressure head floating sleeve is installed on the pressure rod through a guide screw, a guide groove is formed in the outer side of the pressure rod, and the guide screw penetrates through one end portion of the pressure head floating sleeve and is accommodated in the guide groove.
The output end of the air cylinder is provided with an air cylinder adapter plate, a connecting plate at the upper end of the compression bar is fixedly connected with the air cylinder adapter plate, and one side of the air cylinder adapter plate is provided with a handle.
One end of the pressing rod extending into the pressing head floating sleeve is provided with a jacking column, and the jacking column is inserted into the nail pressing hole.
And a jacking screw is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the pressure head floating sleeve outside the nail pressing hole.
The feeler lever assembly penetrates through the bottom plate, and the proximity switch is arranged below the bottom plate.
The touch rod assembly comprises a touch rod, a return spring, a guide sleeve and a spring sleeve, wherein the guide sleeve is fixedly connected with the spring sleeve, the upper end of the touch rod passes through the guide sleeve, the lower end of the touch rod passes through the spring sleeve, the return spring is arranged in the spring sleeve and sleeved at the lower part of the touch rod,
the middle part of the touch rod is provided with a bump, and the reset spring is sleeved on the touch rod and arranged between the bump and the inner bottom surface of the spring sleeve.
The bottom plate is provided with a supporting seat and a core bar supporting block for supporting the workpiece, and the detection device is arranged between the supporting seat and the core bar supporting block.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the invention completely replaces the traditional manual production mode, and workers only need to put pins into the pressure head floating sleeve and start buttons in the whole operation process, thereby saving labor and having high production efficiency.
2. The pressure head structure adopted by the invention is convenient for binding nails and can fully ensure the quality of the nails.
3. The invention is provided with the detection device to determine whether the workpiece is placed in place, then the system confirms that the workpiece is placed in place, and the pin is placed and the press is started, so that the safety of workers is further ensured.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention,
figure 2 is a front view of the invention of figure 1,
figure 3 is a left side view of the invention of figure 2,
figure 4 is a schematic view of the ram of figure 1,
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the feeler assembly of fig. 1.
The device comprises a bottom plate 1, a feeler lever assembly 2, a pin press 3, a first limiting block 4, a second limiting block 5, a third limiting block 6, a core bar supporting block 7, a proximity switch bracket 8, a spring sleeve 9, a guide sleeve 10, a touch lever 11, a return spring 12, a bracket 13, a cylinder 14, a cylinder adapter plate 15, a pressing head 16, a pressing head spring 17, a handle 18, a pressing head floating sleeve 19, a guide screw 20, a jacking screw 21, a proximity switch 22, a workpiece 23, a supporting seat 24, a connecting plate 25, a pressing rod 26, a guide groove 27, a jacking column 28 and a bump 29.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention comprises a bottom plate 1, a pin press 3 and a detection device, wherein the pin press 3 and the detection device are arranged on the bottom plate 1, a supporting seat 24 and a core bar supporting block 7 are arranged on the bottom plate 1, a workpiece 23 is supported by the supporting seat 24 and the core bar supporting block 7 when in nailing, the detection device is arranged on the bottom plate 1 between the supporting seat 24 and the core bar supporting block 7, the detection device comprises a feeler lever assembly 2 arranged on the bottom plate 1 and a proximity switch 22 arranged below the bottom plate 1, a telescopic touch lever 11 is arranged in the feeler lever assembly 2, the touch lever 11 is pressed and stretched out by the workpiece 23 to be sensed by the proximity switch 22 to confirm that the workpiece 23 is in place, after the workpiece 23 is in place, a worker presses a system starting button, and the pin press 3 arranged on the bottom plate 1 starts nailing work.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the pin press 3 includes a bracket 13, an air cylinder 14 and a pressing head 16, wherein the bracket 13 is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 1, the air cylinder 14 is mounted on the bracket 13, the pressing head 16 is driven to lift by the air cylinder 14, and the pressing head 16 is disposed above a position to be pressed by the workpiece 23. When the mechanism works, pins are arranged on the pressure head 16, and the pressure head 16 drives to descend through the air cylinder 14 to finish the pin pressing operation.
As shown in fig. 4, the pressing head 16 includes a pressing rod 26, a pressing head spring 17, a pressing head floating sleeve 19 and a guide screw 20, wherein a connecting plate 25 is disposed at an upper end of the pressing rod 26 and fixedly connected with an output end of the air cylinder 14, a lower end of the pressing rod 26 extends into the pressing head floating sleeve 19, the pressing head floating sleeve 19 is mounted on the pressing rod 26 through the guide screw 20, a guide groove 27 is disposed at an outer side of the pressing rod 26, the guide screw 20 passes through an end portion of the pressing head floating sleeve 19 and is accommodated in the guide groove 27, the pressing head spring 17 is sleeved on the pressing rod 26, an upper end of the pressing head spring 17 abuts against the connecting plate 25, a lower end abuts against an upper edge of the pressing head floating sleeve 19, a top post 28 is disposed at an end of the pressing rod 26 extending into the pressing head floating sleeve 19, a diameter of the top post 28 is far smaller than a main body diameter of the pressing rod 26, a vertical pressing screw hole is disposed at a lower end of the pressing head floating sleeve 19, the top post 28 is inserted into the pressing screw hole, and the pressing screw hole is disposed at a lower end of the pressing head floating sleeve 19, and the pressing screw 21 is horizontally and tightly abuts against the outer side. When the mechanism works, the pin to be installed is arranged in the pin pressing hole and is pressed by the jacking screw 21, and the jacking column 28 ejects the pin.
As shown in fig. 5, the feeler lever assembly 2 in the detection device includes a feeler lever 11, a return spring 12, a guide sleeve 10 and a spring sleeve 9, wherein the guide sleeve 10 and the spring sleeve 9 are fixedly connected, the upper end of the feeler lever 11 passes through the guide sleeve 10, the lower end passes through the spring sleeve 9, the return spring 12 is disposed in the spring sleeve 9 and sleeved at the lower part of the feeler lever 11, a bump 29 is disposed in the middle part of the feeler lever 11, the upper end of the return spring 12 abuts against the bump 29, the lower end abuts against the bottom surface of the inner side of the spring sleeve 9, and the upper side of the bump 29 abuts against the guide sleeve 10. When the mechanism works, the workpiece 23 presses down the touch rod 11, so that the lower end of the touch rod 11 enters the induction area of the proximity switch 22, the workpiece 23 to be processed is confirmed to be in place, and after the workpiece 23 is processed and taken away, the touch rod 11 is reset under the action of the reset spring 11. As shown in fig. 2, the feeler lever assembly 2 integrally passes through the bottom plate 1, and the proximity switch 22 in the detection device is arranged below the bottom plate 1, the proximity switch 22 is mounted on a proximity switch bracket 8, and the upper end of the proximity switch bracket 8 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the bottom plate 1. The proximity switch 22 is well known in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the supporting seat 24 includes a first limiting block 4 and a second limiting block 5 with right angles on both sides, and a third limiting block 6 disposed between the first limiting block 4 and the second limiting block 5 and located below the workpiece 23.
As shown in fig. 2, an air cylinder adapter plate 15 is disposed at the output end of the air cylinder 14, a connecting plate 25 at the upper end of the pressure bar 26 is fixedly connected with the air cylinder adapter plate 15, and a handle 18 is disposed at one side of the air cylinder adapter plate 15, so that the air cylinder adapter plate is convenient for a worker to operate.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the invention works, a workpiece 23 is supported by the supporting seat 24 and the core bar supporting block 7, and the touch rod 11 in the detection device is pressed down by the workpiece 23 to enter the induction area of the proximity switch 22, so that the system confirms that the workpiece 23 is in place, then a worker inserts a pin to be assembled into a nail pressing hole at the lower end of the pressure head floating sleeve 19 and tightly presses and fixes the pin through the jacking screw 21, then a system starting button is pressed on the premise that the system confirms that the workpiece is in place, and the cylinder 14 starts the driving pressure head 16 to descend to finish the nail pressing operation.
Claims (3)
1. Pin press-fitting device for automobile gear shifter production line is characterized in that: the automatic pin pressing device comprises a bottom plate (1), a pin pressing machine (3) and a detection device, wherein the pin pressing machine (3) and the detection device are both installed on the bottom plate (1), the detection device comprises a feeler lever assembly (2) and a proximity switch (22), a telescopic touch lever (11) is arranged in the feeler lever assembly (2), the touch lever (11) is pressed down to extend out through a workpiece (23) to be installed to be sensed by the proximity switch (22), the pin pressing machine (3) is provided with a liftable pressing head (16), the pressing head (16) comprises a pressing rod (26), a pressing head spring (17) and a pressing head floating sleeve (19), the upper end of the pressing rod (26) is provided with a connecting plate (25), the lower end of the pressing rod (26) extends into the pressing head floating sleeve (19), the pressing head spring (17) is sleeved on the pressing rod (26) and is arranged between the connecting plate (25) and the pressing head floating sleeve (19), the lower end of the pressing head floating sleeve (19) is provided with a pressing pin hole for placing a pin to be pressed out, and the pressing pin passes through the pressing rod (26) in the pressing rod pressing head floating sleeve (19).
The pressure head floating sleeve (19) is arranged on the pressure rod (26) through a guide screw (20), a guide groove (27) is formed in the outer side of the pressure rod (26), and the guide screw (20) penetrates through one end part of the pressure head floating sleeve (19) and is accommodated in the guide groove (27);
one end of the pressing rod (26) extending into the pressing head floating sleeve (19) is provided with a jacking column (28), and the jacking column (28) is inserted into the pressing nail hole;
a jacking screw (21) is horizontally arranged at the outer side of the nail pressing hole at the lower end of the pressing head floating sleeve (19);
the feeler lever assembly (2) passes through the bottom plate (1), and the proximity switch (22) is arranged below the bottom plate (1);
the touch rod assembly (2) comprises a touch rod (11), a return spring (12), a guide sleeve (10) and a spring sleeve (9), wherein the guide sleeve (10) and the spring sleeve (9) are fixedly connected and fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (1), the upper end of the touch rod (11) penetrates through the guide sleeve (10) and the lower end of the touch rod penetrates through the spring sleeve (9), and the return spring (12) is arranged in the spring sleeve (9) and sleeved on the lower part of the touch rod (11);
a bump (29) is arranged in the middle of the touch rod (11), and the return spring (12) is sleeved on the touch rod (11) and arranged between the bump (29) and the inner bottom surface of the spring sleeve (9);
a supporting seat (24) for supporting a workpiece (23) and a core bar supporting block (7) are arranged on the bottom plate (1), and the detection device is arranged between the supporting seat (24) and the core bar supporting block (7).
2. The pin press-fitting device of an automobile gear shifter production line according to claim 1, wherein: the pin press (3) comprises a support (13), an air cylinder (14) and a pressure head (16), wherein the support (13) is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (1), the air cylinder (14) is arranged on the support (13), and the pressure head (16) is driven to lift through the air cylinder (14).
3. The automotive shifter production line pin press-fit device of claim 2, wherein: the output end of the air cylinder (14) is provided with an air cylinder adapter plate (15), a connecting plate (25) at the upper end of the pressure rod (26) is fixedly connected with the air cylinder adapter plate (15), and a handle (18) is arranged on one side of the air cylinder adapter plate (15).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710784465.4A CN109420891B (en) | 2017-09-04 | 2017-09-04 | Pin press-fitting device for automobile gear shifter production line |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710784465.4A CN109420891B (en) | 2017-09-04 | 2017-09-04 | Pin press-fitting device for automobile gear shifter production line |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109420891A CN109420891A (en) | 2019-03-05 |
| CN109420891B true CN109420891B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
Family
ID=65504963
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710784465.4A Active CN109420891B (en) | 2017-09-04 | 2017-09-04 | Pin press-fitting device for automobile gear shifter production line |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109420891B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110125648B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-04-21 | 重庆大学 | Intelligent assembling machine and method for pins of automobile gear shifter |
| CN110293519A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-01 | 灏昕汽车零部件制造无锡有限公司 | A kind of elastic press type automatic pin pressing fixture system |
| CN110860876A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-03-06 | 安徽久工健业有限责任公司 | Neck movement elastic cotter pin pressing device and method of massage chair |
| CN112171232A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-05 | 陈长柱 | Automatic press fitting device for positioning pin of automobile gearbox shell |
| CN114393391B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-01-17 | 重庆福瑞斯自动化设备股份有限公司 | Shift lever subassembly fat liquoring and automatic assembly check out test set |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11285927A (en) * | 1998-04-02 | 1999-10-19 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Piston pin press-in device |
| JP2007175783A (en) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-07-12 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Workpiece positioning device |
| CN102248113A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-11-23 | 苏州新区科兴威尔电子有限公司 | Riveting mechanism of cylindrical pin |
| CN103121162A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-05-29 | 阜新德尔汽车部件股份有限公司 | Semi-automatic press for mechanical assembly |
| CN103831779A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-06-04 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Engine piston pin snap ring press fitting tool |
| CN205551938U (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-09-07 | 洛阳开远智能精机有限公司 | Automatic pressure equipment device of car take -up pulley pin |
| CN205599851U (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-28 | 扬州良诚汽车部件有限公司 | Wiring plug aperture copper rivet crimping frock |
| CN205982680U (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Detection mechanism whether cleaning machine anchor clamps holding workpiece of robot target in place |
| CN207127484U (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-03-23 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | A kind of automotive gear shifter production line pin press-loading apparatus |
-
2017
- 2017-09-04 CN CN201710784465.4A patent/CN109420891B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11285927A (en) * | 1998-04-02 | 1999-10-19 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Piston pin press-in device |
| JP2007175783A (en) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-07-12 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Workpiece positioning device |
| CN102248113A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-11-23 | 苏州新区科兴威尔电子有限公司 | Riveting mechanism of cylindrical pin |
| CN103831779A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-06-04 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Engine piston pin snap ring press fitting tool |
| CN103121162A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-05-29 | 阜新德尔汽车部件股份有限公司 | Semi-automatic press for mechanical assembly |
| CN205551938U (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-09-07 | 洛阳开远智能精机有限公司 | Automatic pressure equipment device of car take -up pulley pin |
| CN205599851U (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-28 | 扬州良诚汽车部件有限公司 | Wiring plug aperture copper rivet crimping frock |
| CN205982680U (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Detection mechanism whether cleaning machine anchor clamps holding workpiece of robot target in place |
| CN207127484U (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-03-23 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | A kind of automotive gear shifter production line pin press-loading apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109420891A (en) | 2019-03-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109420891B (en) | Pin press-fitting device for automobile gear shifter production line | |
| CN207127484U (en) | A kind of automotive gear shifter production line pin press-loading apparatus | |
| CN106391870B (en) | Facilitate the diel of fixed proximate matter | |
| CN101386051A (en) | Lock seaming machine for semi-automatic button | |
| CN204220811U (en) | A kind of riveted joint group founds tool | |
| CN203209949U (en) | End plate assembly machine for automatic assembly production line of automobile oil pump support | |
| CN202018281U (en) | In-place detection device in assembly line | |
| CN202070682U (en) | Riveting stamping device | |
| CN104624911A (en) | Semi-automatic riveting machine for automobile safety belt supports | |
| CN205763608U (en) | A kind of hot forging pressure device | |
| CN107971726A (en) | A kind of press-in device applied on turning machine bushing press | |
| CN201442357U (en) | Air spring double seaming machine | |
| CN211414250U (en) | Motor shaft supporting mechanism for impeller press-fitting tool | |
| CN107755532A (en) | A kind of efficient diel of anti-clamping stagnation | |
| CN212526742U (en) | Crank pin blocking press-fitting device | |
| CN210166470U (en) | Equipment for detecting sensitivity of button switch | |
| CN210147583U (en) | Outer conical surface frock of car | |
| CN111907258A (en) | Auxiliary device for assembling solid tire and wheel hub | |
| CN208945530U (en) | Automobile ABS system bracket rubber parts automatic installation mechanism | |
| CN217475278U (en) | Moving iron closing tool for electromagnetic valve | |
| CN107695740B (en) | Top cylinder jig | |
| CN103769848A (en) | Assembly system of car pedal shaft pin | |
| CN219324970U (en) | Riveting device for machining automobile side plate assembly | |
| CN219561037U (en) | Guide pin for stamping automobile connecting piece | |
| CN212386241U (en) | Auxiliary device for assembling solid tire and wheel hub |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |