CN109415202A - Meta Materials and its manufacture and application - Google Patents

Meta Materials and its manufacture and application Download PDF

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CN109415202A
CN109415202A CN201680083731.4A CN201680083731A CN109415202A CN 109415202 A CN109415202 A CN 109415202A CN 201680083731 A CN201680083731 A CN 201680083731A CN 109415202 A CN109415202 A CN 109415202A
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degrees celsius
meta materials
graphene
above freezing
subzero
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CN109415202B (en
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E·V·奥尔洛娃
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
    • C10M125/02—Carbon; Graphite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
    • C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
    • C01B32/168—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
    • C01B32/182—Graphene
    • C01B32/194—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/56—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M105/58—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines, quaternary amines
    • C10M105/60—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines, quaternary amines having amino groups bound to an acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G12—INSTRUMENT DETAILS
    • G12B—CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF INSTRUMENTS, OR COMPARABLE DETAILS OF OTHER APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G12B17/00—Screening
    • G12B17/02—Screening from electric or magnetic fields, e.g. radio waves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/04—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/0413—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/041—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/14—Composite materials or sliding materials in which lubricants are integrally molded

Abstract

The present invention relates to the applications of graphene dispersion solution, the method for this solution of manufacture and this graphene solution.Nanocomposite made according to the present invention includes the nanostructure based on graphene, wherein graphene nano particle, thin slice or nanotube are distributed evenly in perfluorotributylamine, which forms the double-deck regular grid with the unit cell dimension within the scope of 15 to 25nm.The nanocomposite can be mixed with fine ceramics, plastics, alloy, solid polymer, other liquid and amorphous substance and is cured in wherein.Also describe the method and its multiple possible practical applications of the nanocomposite of the feature for manufacturing performance Meta Materials.Describe following characteristics: the resistance range having in subzero 173 degrees Celsius to 102 degrees Celsius of temperature range above freezing is 0.0002 ohm/cm2To 0.000001；Radiation and electromagnetic wave in anti-30MHz to 30EHz frequency range it is highly protective；High lubricating property within the temperature range of subzero 180 degrees Celsius to 700 degrees Celsius above freezing.

Description

Meta Materials and its manufacture and application
The present invention relates to a kind of Meta Materials, the invention particularly relates to a kind of composition of Meta Materials, manufacture the sides of the Meta Materials Method and its practical application.
The invention particularly relates to graphene dispersion solution, the method for this solution of manufacture and this graphene solutions Using.From the viewpoint of industry application, more particularly, it is to handle these solution about specified application is directed to, can obtains The graphene of solution form has great interests.Specifically, easily graphene nano can be made using this solution Particle, thin slice or nanotube deposition are in specified carrier.
In the following description, the bibliography between square brackets ([]) indicates the bibliography list provided after example.
Known carbon has unique four crystal structures or structural group: diamond, graphite, fullerene and the knot described recently Structure race comprising 2D carbon thin slice, nano particle and nanotube (referred to as " graphene family ").Due to Nuo Woxiao love (Novoselov) et al. work (K.S.Novoselov, A.K.Geim, S.V.Morozov, D.Jiang, Y.Zhang, S.V.Dubonos, I.V.Grigorieva and A.A.Firsov, " field effect in the thin carbon film of atom level ", Science, 306,666-669(2004)[1]；K.S.Novoselov, A.K.Geim, S.V.Morozov, D.Jiang, M.I, Katsnelson, I.V.Grigorieva, S.V.Dubonos, A.A.Firsov, " the massless dirac in graphene takes The two-dimensional gas of meter Zi ", Nature, 438,197-200 (2005) [2]), it is for a long time considered as the graphene of dummy object Or the substantially planar of graphite recently becomes reality.These papers describe the characteristic electron of this unusual object.Known graphite meeting Lead to the intercalation compound (graphite intercalation compound or GIC) with electron donor or receptor.(" the conjunction of graphite intercalation compound At ", A.Herold, A.P.Legrand and S.Flandrois Eds, NATO ASI Series, B in intercalation chemistry physics Series, volume 172, page 345 (1987) [3]).Early in nineteen sixty-five, by using poly aromatic molecule alkali metal salt to restore in THE Graphite just has been obtained for formula (THF) C24Ternary compound.(C, Stein, J.Poulenard, L.Bonnetain, Paris J.Gole, C.R.Acad.Sci. 260,4503 (1965) [4]).
It is confirmed by scientific experiment, the peculiar property of graphene makes many reality for being directed to this new construction of practical application Using and the research work of research and development of method of composite material of the overall production based on graphene achieve progress.
Since the disclosure of 2004 and Nuo Woxiao love et al., electronics of the community of physicists to graphene or graphite isolation face Characteristic produces keen interest (field effect in the thin carbon film of atom level, Nuo Woxiao love et al., Science 306,666 (2004)[5]).The shearing stripping means of Nuo Woxiao love et al. only allows to obtain some isolation faces.In addition, such face is stablized On the surface, this prevents them to be subsequently processed, such as integrating them into matrix.However, there is presently no effective Graphite solubilization method, therefore this graphene solution is still difficult to realize.
However, describing many quite promising methods recently.It has been reported that the trial of some dissolution graphite, mainly It is that (Chakraborty et al., " potassium-graphite functionalization ", Angew.Chem, Int.Ed. (application are functionalized by graphite Learn international version), 46,4486-4488 (2007) [6] or the functionalization by graphite oxide.(Niyogi, S.；Bekyarova, E.；Itkis, M.E.；McWilliams, J.L.；Hamon, M.A.；Haddon, the R.C., " solution of graphite and graphene Matter ", J.Am, Chem, Soc., 128,7720-7721 (2006) [7]；Mc Allister, M.J.；Li, J.L.；Adamson, D.H.；Schniepp, H.C.；Abdala, A.A.；Liu, J.；HerreraAlonso, M.；Millius, D.L.；Car, R.； Prud'homme, R.K.；Aksay, I.A., " passing through the monolithic functionalized graphite alkene of oxidation and the thermal expansion of graphite ", Chem.Mater., 2007；ASAP paper [8]).
In most desired method, it should be mentioned that United States Patent (USP) 9120675 [9], which depict a kind of dissolution graphite Method and its application, the purifying of manufacture and graphene including composite material.The method of the invention is characterized in that it is included in The following steps carried out under inert atmosphere:
Alkali metal reduction graphite is used, graphite intercalation compound is obtained；And
Graphite intercalation compound is exposed in polar non-solute, to generate the graphene solution of reduction.The invention Relate more specifically to the graphene solution obtained by the method and graphene planes and this graphene solution and plane Use.The major defect of the above method is, it is contemplated that the high hydrophobicity of graphene, it cannot provide uniformly flat on the surface Sliding graphene distribution.
It has been reported that the trial scheme of some other dissolution graphite, is mainly functionalized (Chakraborty by graphite Et al., " potassium-graphite functionalization ", Angew.Chem, Int.Ed. (applied chemistry world version), 46,4486-4488 (2007) [10] or the functionalization that passes through graphite oxide.(Niyogi, S.；Bekyarova, E.；Itkis, M.E.；McWilliams, J.L.；Hamon, M.A.；Haddon, R.C., " SOLUTION PROPERTIES of graphite and graphene ", J.Am, Chem, Soc., 128,7720- 7721(2006)[11]；Mc Allister, M.J.；Li, J.L.；Adamson, D.H.；Schniepp, H.C.；Abdala, A.A.；Liu, J.；Herrera Alonso, M.；Millius, D.L.；Car, R.；Prud'homme, R.K.；Aksay, I.A., " passing through the monolithic functionalized graphite alkene of oxidation and the thermal expansion of graphite ", Chem.Mater., 2007；ASAP paper [12]).
However, one of these methods the disadvantage is that obtained graphite plane is not functionalized and is denaturalized completely.
Therefore, need the method for solubilization graphite really, solve these problems known in the art, disadvantage and Obstacle, more specifically, being a kind of method for allowing to obtain graphene solution, this method can be readily used for processing for specified The graphene of application improves the accessibility of a large amount of high purity graphite alkene to reduce the manufacturing cost of composite material.
A kind of method of accessibility for improving a large amount of graphenes, the patent are described in United States Patent (USP) 9,139,440 [13] A kind of method for preparing nanoscale graphite alkene thin slice is claimed, method includes the following steps: graphite material is made to contact molecule Or elemental oxygen or the substance that molecule or elemental oxygen can be discharged, it obtains by being constituted with the functionalized graphite material of oxygroup (FOG) Precursor, it is characterised in that carbon/oxygen molar ratio is higher than 8:1；Then, the FOG precursor is chemically or physically restored, nanoscale stone is obtained Black alkene thin slice, it is characterised in that carbon/oxygen molar ratio is higher than 20:1.The major defect of this method is sizable " oxide frame Frame " leads to the discrete functionality characteristic of this raw material.
Before this newfound characteristic of graphene makes this structure in the composite and has application full of hope Scape.Existing advanced composite material for such as aerospace structure part and aerospace applications is unsatisfactory for those applications and other application Performance requirement.Therefore, it is necessary to the enhancing composite materials with improved mechanical performance, such as higher ultimate strength, failure Strain, fracture toughness, fatigue life, impact resistance, damage tolerance, damping and further advantage.Improvement material this to manufacture There is also related needs for method.
Graphene is described in United States Patent (USP) 9,120,908 [14] for producing the practical application of compound Meta Materials.It should Patent requirements protect nano material reinforced resin composition and correlation technique.The composition includes reinforcing material, such as is dispersed in Graphene, polyamic acid, carbon nanotube or dimethyl acetamide in resin.Content of the reinforcing material in resin is about 0.001 to about 10wt%.The method for manufacturing these compositions and customization composition are additionally provided to realize the machine of specific collection The method of tool performance.
However, according to document [14] manufacture resin application range be it is fairly limited, therefore, it is necessary to have more extensively The compound Meta Materials of application range.
It is also in this way, wherein resin passes through in advance for thermoplastic resin described in United States Patent (USP) 9,123,893 [15] The nanotube dispersion of manufacture enhances.But the method for preparing this dispersion is not disclosed.
Another United States Patent (USP) 9,159,463 [16] describes a kind of conductive material, which includes carbonizable substance and and carbon Material mixing and/or the metallics being laminated on carbonizable substance.It is 200nm or smaller that the carbonizable substance, which has at least one dimension,. The carbonizable substance includes the graphene selected from single-layer graphene and multi-layer graphene, constitutes a part of carbon atom of graphene by nitrogen original Son replaces.The metallics includes at least one of metallic particles and metal wire.In conductive material, 1s electronics is being used In the X-ray photoelectricity power spectrum of nitrogen-atoms, indicating that the I401.2 of the intensity at 401.2eV is greater than indicates the intensity at 398.5eV I398.5.More performances are obtained the present invention provides high, i.e., it works at 600MeV, and the material does not include any metal Particle.
The present invention is the above problem in view of routine techniques and makes that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nano combined Material and dispersion comprising the nanocomposite, the nanocomposite can be mixed in the liquid comprising perfluorocarbon hydrocarbon solvent Closing has polymolecularity in object.Specifically, nanocomposite made according to the present invention includes the nano junction based on graphene Structure, in the nanostructure, graphene nano particle, thin slice or nanotube are distributed evenly in perfluorotributylamine, this is complete Fluorine tri-n-butylamine forms the double-deck regular grid with the unit cell dimension within the scope of 15 to 25nm.
Manufacture the method for discussed Meta Materials the following steps are included:
Graphene capture surface is prepared in the following manner:
On the inner surface of the container made of thermostabilization and chemically neutral substance, coating is by 1:1 to 3:1 (v/v) The N,N-dimethylformamide of proportional region and the mixture of tetrahydrofuran.In an experiment, using SiO2Content is at least 80% And B2O 3Content is at least 13% borosilicate glass.The other materials with similarity, such as fine pottery can be used Porcelain；
400 degrees Celsius above freezing to 500 degrees Celsius above freezing at a temperature of, heat the inner surface up to 7 to 9 hours；
The inner surface of the container thus coated is cooled to 25 degrees Celsius above freezing to 30 degrees Celsius above freezing of temperature model It encloses；
It is by with 1 to 15mg graphene/1ml perfluorotributylamine proportional region, perfluorotributylamine is thin with graphene Piece, particle or nanotube mixing are to prepare substructure liquid；
The substructure liquid is coated in the inner surface of the container；
The inner surface of the container is cooled to subzero 32 degrees Celsius to subzero 50 degrees Celsius of temperature；
The magnetic field that intensity is 0.5 to 2.5Tl was applied to the container up to 12 to 24 hours；
Obtained liquid Meta Materials are heated to 20 degrees Celsius to 25 degrees Celsius of temperature range above freezing.
Obtained substance is proved to be able to have polymolecularity in a variety of materials.In addition, the substance is introduced each Kind material, such as fine ceramics, plastics, alloy, solid polymer, other liquid and amorphous substance, can make graphene Grain is evenly distributed in material, constitutes continuous graphene grid.Therefore, which obtains the feature of Meta Materials.
By the special properties of the Meta Materials discussed, its many practical application is described, although the list and non-exhaustive Nothing left.One feature of Meta Materials claimed makes it especially significant for various industrial circles, that is, with fine pottery Porcelain, plastics, alloy, solid polymer, other liquid and amorphous substance mix and are cured in ability therein.
In most desired application, one of them should indicate Meta Materials claimed being used for following purpose:
Use the Meta Materials as current conductor, within the temperature range of subzero 173 degrees Celsius to 102 degrees Celsius above freezing, Its resistance range is 0.0002 ohm/cm2To 0.000001.Experiment in this specification (referring to further providing about power Benefit requires 6 example) solid foundation is provided for this statement.
Use the Meta Materials as anti-radiation and shielding electromagnetic waves object, it can be in the frequency model of 30MHz to 30EHz Enclose interior absorb significantly or/and reflected radiation.Experiment in this specification (referring to further providing about claim 5 and figure The example of 1-5) for it is this statement provide solid foundation.
Use the Meta Materials as lubricant, it can be in subzero 180 degrees Celsius to 700 degrees Celsius above freezing of temperature model Enclose interior holding greasy property.Corresponding experiment is described in the example about claim 4, which provide in extreme temperature Under the conditions of test thin layer lubricant result.
Invention claimed in order to better understand, provides the following drawings:
Fig. 1-radiation effect test:
Microchip is closed before 1.1- is tested.
The ON of Microchip before 1.2- is tested.
1.3-X radiographic source is opened.Before irradiation.
1.4-X radiographic source ONN.After irradiation.
It can be seen that control chip (left side) does not work.
The spontaneous restarting process (left side) of 1.5- control chip.
Fig. 2-test Meta Materials greasy property:
The space suit of shoulder shaft coupling of the 2.1- with lubrication.
Dependence graph of the 2.2- lubricant viscosity to temperature.
Fig. 3-conductivity test:
3.1- circuit (R- p-wire).
3.2- circuit (X- Meta Materials).
3.3- resistance/temperature dependence figure.
Example about claim 4.Thin layer lubricant under extreme temperature conditions.
Movable part (the shoulder of standard space suit (see Fig. 2 .1) under the burst pressure for being exposed to 8 bars (0.79MPa) Portion's shaft coupling) on, laboratory test has been carried out in the Meta Materials of Meta Materials and/or claim 2 to claim 1.Two The sliding ability on a overlapped surface increases 5 times.Wearability increases by 9.5 times in 100000 circulations and (follows for 47000 times The laboratory test that ring carries out is described in " Advanced Functional Materials ", and volume 24, the 42nd phase, the 6640-6646 pages, November 12 [17] in 2014).It has been applied in the ball bearing segmentation of space suit motor, lubricant table Reveal 15 times of segmented performance enhancing.Subzero 180 degrees Celsius and 700 degrees Celsius above freezing at a temperature of also have recorded identical knot Fruit (see Fig. 2 .2).
Example about claim 5.Anti-radiation screen.
Here is the example (ginseng of the practical application for the screen that Meta Materials claimed are used as anti-high dose X-ray See Fig. 1).Experiment and control chip include the single processor for having random number algorithm, controller and are used for visual several A lamp.Meta Materials (referring to claim 1) claimed have flooded experiment chip.Chip is not by any special paint film Protection.During the irradiation of X-ray equipment, chip is switched on and the strenuous vibration on shaking platform.Test is divided to two ranks Duan Jinhang, each dosage be 30 Grays (Gray), 60 minutes every time.After in the first stage, chip is spontaneous restarts for control.Second After stage, this restarting starts every 20-30 minutes and is repeated once.It should be noted that from Toshiba (Toshiba), Robot with the U.S.'s protection chip used at present by TEPCO has also spontaneously restarted, and is 26 in dosage Freeze work in the case where Gray up to 4 hours.
Example about claim 6.Conductivity tests (see Fig. 3).
Be mounted with a simple circuit for experiment, the circuit include R- copper wire and X- claim 1 Meta Materials and Power supply.Kelvin bridge or other similar device can be used to measure.Under average room temperature, resistance that copper wire is shown It is in 0.017 to 0.018 ohm/cm2In the range of.Then, using sample made of the Meta Materials by claim 1 come generation For copper wire.Record in this case shows that in the identical range at room temperature, shown be 0.0002 ohm/cm2Extremely 0.000001 ohm/cm2.These experiments carry out in wide temperature range, i.e., Celsius at subzero 173 degrees Celsius to above freezing 102 In the range of degree.Chart shown in Fig. 3 .3 shows temperature/resistance dependence.It is obtained with the Meta Materials of claim 2 identical Result.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of Meta Materials are made of perfluorotributylamine and graphene nano particle, thin slice or nanotube, wherein the graphite Alkene nano particle, thin slice or nanotube are evenly distributed in perfluorotributylamine, the perfluorotributylamine formed have 15 to The double-deck regular grid of unit cell dimension within the scope of 25nm.
2. Meta Materials as described in claim 1, the Meta Materials and fine ceramics, plastics, alloy, solid polymer, liquid It is mixed with amorphous substance, and is cured in the fine ceramics, plastics, alloy, solid polymer, liquid and amorphous substance In.
3. a kind of method for manufacturing Meta Materials as described in claim 1, the method comprise the steps that
Graphene capture surface is prepared in the following manner:
On the inner surface of the container made of thermostabilization and chemically neutral material, the ratio in 1:1 to 3:1 (v/v) is applied The N,N-dimethylformamide of range and the mixture of tetrahydrofuran；The material is, for example, but is not limited to borosilicate glass, Its SiO having2Content be at least 80%, B2O3Content be at least 13%；
400 degrees Celsius above freezing to 500 degrees Celsius above freezing at a temperature of, heat the inner surface up to 7 to 9 hours；
The inner surface of the container thus coated is cooled to 25 degrees Celsius above freezing to 30 degrees Celsius of temperature range above freezing；
By with 1 to 15mg graphene/1ml perfluorotributylamine proportional region, by perfluorotributylamine and graphene platelet, Grain or nanotube mix, to prepare substructure liquid；
The substructure liquid is coated in the inner surface of the container；
The inner surface of the container is cooled to subzero 32 degrees Celsius to subzero 50 degrees Celsius of temperature；
The magnetic field that intensity is 0.5 to 2.5Tl was applied to the container up to 12 to 24 hours；
Hereafter, obtained liquid Meta Materials are heated to 20 degrees Celsius to 25 degrees Celsius of temperature range above freezing.
4. a kind of purposes of Meta Materials as claimed in claim 1 or 2, uses the Meta Materials as lubricant, the lubricant Greasy property can be kept within the temperature range of subzero 180 degrees Celsius to 700 degrees Celsius above freezing.
5. a kind of purposes of Meta Materials as claimed in claim 1 or 2, use the Meta Materials as anti-radiation and electromagnetic wave Screen, the screen can absorb or/and reflect the radiation in the frequency range of 30MHz to 30EHz.
6. a kind of purposes of Meta Materials as claimed in claim 1 or 2, uses the Meta Materials as current conductor, the electricity The resistance range that current conductor has in subzero 173 degrees Celsius to 102 degrees Celsius of temperature range above freezing is 0.0002 ohm/li Rice2To 0.000001.
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