CN109407213B - Laser energy transfer jumper wire and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Laser energy transfer jumper wire and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109407213B CN109407213B CN201811318063.6A CN201811318063A CN109407213B CN 109407213 B CN109407213 B CN 109407213B CN 201811318063 A CN201811318063 A CN 201811318063A CN 109407213 B CN109407213 B CN 109407213B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/25—Preparing the ends of light guides for coupling, e.g. cutting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser energy transfer jumper wire and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the laser energy transfer jumper wire comprises: the energy transmission optical fiber, the refraction sleeve and the end cap; the outer wall of the energy transmission optical fiber, which is close to the output end, is sleeved with a refractive sleeve; the refractive sleeve includes: a first flat region, a first cone region, and a collapsed region; the diameter of the first flat area is larger than that of the collapse area, the diameter of the first cone area is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy transmission optical fiber, the first flat area, the first cone area and the collapse area are sequentially communicated, and the energy transmission optical fiber sequentially passes through the first flat area, the first cone area and the collapse area to be welded on the end cap. According to the invention, the refractive sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the energy-transfer optical fiber, which is close to the output end, and the energy-transfer optical fiber sequentially passes through the first flat area, the first cone area and the collapse area of the refractive sleeve and is welded on the end cap, so that the intensity of the output end of the energy-transfer optical fiber is increased, and meanwhile, the laser energy-transfer jumper can be used for efficiently filtering cladding light, and meanwhile, the heat dissipation capacity of the output end of the energy-transfer optical fiber is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber lasers, in particular to a laser energy transfer jumper and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Fiber lasers have been rapidly developed in recent years, and have been widely used in the industry due to their high laser conversion efficiency, simple thermal management, and low maintenance costs. If the laser is directly output from the end face of the optical fiber, the laser is only transmitted in the fiber core of the optical fiber, and the fiber core of the optical fiber is generally thinner, so that the power density at the output end face of the optical fiber is extremely high, and laser damage is easily generated; meanwhile, under the Phillips reflection effect of the end face, part of output laser can be reflected back to the laser from the output end face, so that the inside of the laser is damaged. For these two points, as shown in fig. 1, a general solution is to weld a fused quartz rod, i.e. an end cap, to the end face of the energy-transmitting optical fiber, and to plate an anti-reflection film to the other end face of the quartz rod, so that the power density of the output end face is reduced, and at the same time, the reflected laser generated by the output end face can be further suppressed.
The energy-transmitting optical fiber end cap welded with the end cap is only a part of the energy-transmitting optical fiber, and the energy-transmitting optical fiber and the outside of the end cap are also required to be packaged through a mechanical structure and integrated with a water cooling device, so that a complete high-energy laser transmission jumper wire is formed. The fusion joint of the energy-transmitting optical fiber and the end cap is very fragile because the coating layer is stripped near the fusion joint, so that the fusion joint is easily damaged in the packaging manufacturing process and later use. In addition, in the output part of the laser, the residual cladding pumping light is the cladding laser generated by bending, welding defects and the like of the energy-transmitting optical fiber, and the laser is the return laser generated by the processed material when the laser is used, and the cladding light of the energy-transmitting optical fiber is formed by the laser. In practical use, when the part of the bare optical fiber, from which the coating is stripped, is directly contacted with cooling water, once impurities exist in the cooling water, the impurities are easily attached to the surface of the optical fiber when contacting the optical fiber, so that high absorption of cladding laser is caused, severe heating is caused, and the energy-transmitting optical fiber is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a laser energy transfer jumper wire and a manufacturing method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the intensity of an output end of an energy transfer optical fiber is low, and the output end is severely heated and is easy to damage.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a laser energy transfer jumper, including: the energy transmission optical fiber, the refraction sleeve and the end cap; the refractive sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the energy transmission optical fiber, which is close to the output end; wherein the refractive sleeve comprises: a first flat region, a first cone region, and a collapsed region; the diameter of the first flat area is larger than that of the collapse area, the diameter of the first cone area gradually decreases along the output direction of the energy transmission optical fiber, the first flat area, the first cone area and the collapse area are sequentially communicated, and the energy transmission optical fiber sequentially passes through the first flat area, the first cone area and the collapse area to be welded on the end cap.
Further, the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber is encapsulated in the collapse zone, and the output end of the collapse zone is welded on the end cap.
Further, the refractive sleeve further comprises: a second cone region; the diameter of the second conical region is gradually increased along the output direction of the energy transmission optical fiber, the output end of the energy transmission optical fiber is packaged in the second conical region, the output end of the collapse region is connected with the small-diameter end of the second conical region, and the large-diameter end of the second conical region is welded with the end cap.
Further, the refractive sleeve further comprises: a second taper region and a second flat region; the diameter of the second conical region is gradually increased along the output direction of the energy transmission optical fiber, the output end of the energy transmission optical fiber is packaged in the second flat region, the output end of the collapse region is connected with the small diameter end of the second conical region, the second flat region is a straight pipe section, the large diameter end of the second conical region is connected with one end of the second flat region, and the other end of the second flat region is welded with the end cap.
Further, the collapse area is a vacuum sleeve, and the vacuum sleeve is tightly attached to the outer wall of the energy-transmitting optical fiber close to the output end.
Further, the outer surface of the refraction sleeve is a frosted surface, and the refraction sleeve is a doped fused quartz sleeve.
In order to solve the problems, the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the laser energy transmission jumper, which comprises the following steps: step S1: selecting a section of refractive sleeve, and tapering the refractive sleeve to form a refractive sleeve comprising at least: the refractive sleeve of the first flat region, the first taper region, and the collapsed region; the first flat area, the first cone area and the collapse area are sequentially communicated, the diameter of the first flat area is larger than that of the collapse area, and the diameter of the first cone area is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber; step S2: inserting the energy-transmitting optical fiber from one end of the refraction sleeve, heating the refraction sleeve, and connecting a vacuum pump to one end of the refraction sleeve to enable the refraction sleeve to gradually shrink and be integrated with the energy-transmitting optical fiber; step S3: and cutting the refractive sleeve and the energy-transmitting optical fiber in the collapse region, so that the energy-transmitting optical fiber passes through the first flat region, the first cone region and the collapse region in sequence and is welded on the end cap.
Further, the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber is encapsulated in the collapse zone, and the output end of the collapse zone is welded on the end cap.
Further, the specific steps of the step S1 include: selecting a section of the refraction sleeve, and tapering the refraction sleeve to form at least: the refractive sleeve of the first flat region, the first tapered region, the collapsed region, and the second tapered region; the first flat area, the first cone area, the collapse area and the second cone area are sequentially communicated, the diameter of the first flat area is larger than that of the collapse area, and the diameter of the first cone area is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber; the diameter of the second cone region is gradually increased along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber, and the output end of the collapse region is connected with the small-diameter end of the second cone region; the specific steps of the step S3 include: and cutting the refractive sleeve and the energy-transmitting optical fiber in the second conical region, so that the energy-transmitting optical fiber sequentially passes through the first flat region, the first conical region, the collapse region and the second conical region to be welded on the end cap, the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber is packaged in the second conical region, and the output end of the second conical region is welded on the end cap.
Further, the specific steps of the step S1 include: selecting a section of the refraction sleeve, and tapering the refraction sleeve to form at least: the refractive sleeve of the first flat region, the first taper region, the collapsed region, the second taper region, and the second flat region; the first flat area, the first cone area, the collapse area, the second cone area and the second flat area are sequentially communicated, the diameter of the first flat area is larger than that of the collapse area, and the diameter of the first cone area is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber; the diameter of the second conical region is gradually increased along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber, the output end of the collapse region is connected with the small-diameter end of the second conical region, the second flat region is a straight tube section, and the large-diameter end of the second conical region is connected with one end of the second flat region; the specific steps of the step S3 include: and cutting the refraction sleeve and the energy-transmitting optical fiber in the second flat area, enabling the energy-transmitting optical fiber to sequentially pass through the first flat area, the first cone area, the collapse area, the second cone area and the second flat area to be welded on the end cap, enabling the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber to be packaged in the second flat area, and enabling the other end of the second flat area to be welded with the end cap.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention provides a laser energy transfer jumper and a manufacturing method thereof. The laser energy transfer jumper wire comprises: the energy transmission optical fiber, the refraction sleeve and the end cap; the outer wall of the energy transmission optical fiber, which is close to the output end, is sleeved with a refractive sleeve; the refractive sleeve includes: a first flat region, a first cone region, and a collapsed region; the diameter of the first flat area is larger than that of the collapse area, the diameter of the first cone area is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy transmission optical fiber, the first flat area, the first cone area and the collapse area are sequentially communicated, and the energy transmission optical fiber sequentially passes through the first flat area, the first cone area and the collapse area to be welded on the end cap. According to the laser energy transfer jumper provided by the invention, the diameter of the melting point part of the energy transfer optical fiber and the end cap is enlarged by arranging the refraction sleeve, so that the laser energy transfer jumper can bear higher welding power and welding time during welding, the output end strength of the energy transfer optical fiber is effectively increased, and cladding light can be efficiently filtered. Meanwhile, after the refractive sleeve is added, the proportion of the cladding to the fiber core of the laser energy transfer jumper is increased, and even if cladding light is absorbed by impurities to generate heat, generated heat is more difficult to conduct to the fiber core, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the output end of the energy transfer optical fiber is enhanced.
In addition, the refractive index of the refractive sleeve used in the invention is larger than that of undoped fused quartz by default, namely, the refractive index of the refractive sleeve is larger than that of the cladding of the optical fiber, so that the guiding and stripping effects on cladding light are realized; the refractive index of the adopted refractive sleeve can be small, and the refractive index of the undoped fused quartz is small, so that the principle of action is that cladding light is strictly limited in the cladding of the energy-transmitting optical fiber to be reversely transmitted, and the cladding light is filtered by using a mode filter of the laser, so that contact between water cooling water and the cladding light is completely avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art laser energy transfer jumper;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a laser energy transfer jumper according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser energy transfer jumper according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a laser energy transfer jumper according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing process of a laser energy transfer jumper according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second manufacturing process of the laser energy-transfer jumper according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a third manufacturing process of the laser energy transfer jumper according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing process and structure of a laser energy transfer jumper according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing process and structure of a laser energy transfer jumper according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a laser energy transfer jumper provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1: an energy transmission optical fiber; 2: a refractive sleeve; 3: an end cap; 11: a coating layer; 21: a first flat region; 22: a first cone region; 23: a collapse zone; 24: a second cone region; 25: and a second flat region.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a laser energy transfer jumper for solving the problems in the prior art, as shown in fig. 2, the laser energy transfer jumper comprises: an energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, a refractive sleeve 2 and an end cap 3. The outer wall of the energy-transfer optical fiber 1 close to the output end is sleeved with a refractive sleeve 2. The energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 and the refractive sleeve 2 are integrated, and a mode stripper formed by the refractive sleeve 2 is further formed on the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1. Wherein, the refraction sleeve 2 is a high refraction sleeve subjected to tapering treatment, and the refraction sleeve 2 comprises: a first flat region 21, a first conical region 22 and a collapsed region 23. The diameter of the first flat area 21 is larger than that of the collapse area 23, the diameter of the first cone area 22 is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy-transmission optical fiber 1, the first flat area 21, the first cone area 22 and the collapse area 23 are sequentially communicated, and the energy-transmission optical fiber 1 sequentially passes through the first flat area 21, the first cone area 22 and the collapse area 23 to be welded on the end cap 3. The laser energy transfer jumper can filter cladding light efficiently while increasing the intensity of the output end of the energy transfer optical fiber 1, and meanwhile, the heat radiation capacity of the output end of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 is enhanced.
In order to further enhance the mechanical strength of the laser energy transfer jumper, in this embodiment, the output end of the collapse area 23 is welded to the end cap 3, and the output end of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 is encapsulated in the collapse area 23, that is, the stripper formed by integrating the energy transfer optical fiber 1 and the refractive sleeve 2 is welded to the end cap 3, so that the stripper is directly welded to the end cap 3, and the strength at the welding point of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 and the end cap 3 is increased.
In this embodiment, the end caps 3 may be small rod-shaped end caps 3 with a diameter of 2mm, block-shaped end caps 3 with a diameter of 8mm, or other types of end caps 3.
Wherein the collapse area 23 of the refraction sleeve 2 is a vacuum sleeve which is tightly attached to the outer wall of the energy-transmission optical fiber 1 close to the output end. For example, the refractive sleeve 2 may be sleeved on the outer wall of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 by means of thermal shrinkage.
In order to avoid the direct contact of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 with the outside, the anti-corrosion and anti-oxidation capabilities of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 are enhanced, and the input end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is sleeved with a coating layer 11. And the coating layer 11 is partially embedded in the first flat area 21 of the refractive sleeve 2 in order to ensure the mechanical strength of the refractive sleeve 2 in the laser energy transfer jumper.
In this embodiment, the outer surface of the refractive sleeve 2 is a frosted surface, that is, the regions of the refractive sleeve 2 corresponding to the first flat region 21, the first cone region 22 and the collapse region 23 are all frosted surfaces, and the frosted surfaces are formed by one or more of chemical etching, laser etching, mechanical polishing or quartz particle cladding.
The refractive sleeve 2 can be a doped fused quartz sleeve, and doped elements can be adjusted according to specific working conditions, so that the consistency of the materials of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 and the refractive sleeve 2 is maintained, and meanwhile, the melting point of the refractive sleeve 2 is ensured to be slightly lower than that of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, so that good welding quality can be ensured when the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 and the end cap 3 are welded.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the refractive index of the refractive sleeve 2 is greater than that of undoped fused silica, that is, greater than that of the cladding of the optical fiber, so as to perform guiding and stripping effects on the cladding light. However, in other embodiments, the refractive sleeve 2 with small refractive index and no doped fused quartz can be adopted, and the principle of action is that cladding light is strictly limited in the cladding of the energy-transmitting optical fiber to be reversely transmitted, and the cladding light is filtered by using a mode stripper of the laser, so that contact between water and cold water and the cladding light is completely avoided, the forward transmitted cladding light is directly output from the end cap 3, and the backward transmitted cladding light is filtered by the mode stripper of the laser.
In this embodiment, the refractive sleeve 2 needs to be welded to the end cap 3, so the refractive index of the refractive sleeve 2 cannot be too high, because the higher the refractive index, the higher the doping, and the lower the melting point, which causes the refractive sleeve 2 to melt if normal power is used for welding to the end cap 3. If lower power is used, the refractive index sleeve 2 softens and the energy-conducting fiber 1 does not reach the melting point. It is therefore necessary that the refractive index of the refractive sleeve 2 is slightly larger than the cladding refractive index of the energy-transmitting fiber 1. The refractive sleeve 2 can adopt a doped quartz sleeve, so that the consistency of the materials of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 and the refractive sleeve 2 is maintained, and meanwhile, the melting point of the refractive sleeve 2 with a high refractive index is ensured to be slightly lower than that of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, so that good welding quality can be ensured when the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 and the end cap 3 are welded.
The embodiment of the invention provides a laser energy transfer jumper, which is characterized in that an outer wall, close to an output end, of an energy transfer optical fiber 1 is sleeved with a refractive sleeve 2, the energy transfer optical fiber 1 sequentially passes through a first flat area 21, a first cone area 22 and a collapse area 23 of the refractive sleeve 2, and is welded on an end cap 3. According to the laser energy transfer jumper provided by the invention, the diameter of the melting point part of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 and the end cap 3 is enlarged by arranging the refraction sleeve 2, so that the laser energy transfer jumper can bear higher welding power and welding time during welding, the output end strength of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 is effectively increased, and cladding light can be efficiently filtered. Meanwhile, after the refractive sleeve 2 is added, the proportion of the cladding to the fiber core of the laser energy transfer jumper is increased, and even if cladding light is absorbed by impurities to generate heat, generated heat is more difficult to be conducted to the fiber core, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the output end of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 is enhanced.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the present invention further provides a laser energy transfer jumper, as shown in fig. 3, including: an energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, a refractive sleeve 2 and an end cap 3. The outer wall of the energy-transfer optical fiber 1 close to the output end is sleeved with a refractive sleeve 2. The energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 and the refractive sleeve 2 are integrated, and a mode stripper formed by the refractive sleeve 2 is further formed on the energy-transmitting optical fiber.
For the end cap 3 connected with the frustum 31 as shown in fig. 3, the welding end face of the end cap 3 is smaller, and after the refractive sleeve 2 is added to the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, the diameter is too large, even larger than the welding end face of the end cap 3, so that welding is difficult. For this type of end cap 3, an asymmetric refractive sleeve 2 of the type shown in fig. 3 may be produced by a pull-cone-like design of the refractive sleeve 2. The refractive sleeve 2 comprises: a first flat region 21, a first tapered region 22, a collapsed region 23, and a second tapered region 24. The diameter of the second conical region 24 gradually increases along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, the diameter of the first flat region 21 is larger than that of the collapsed region 23, the first flat region 21, the first conical region 22, the collapsed region 23 and the second conical region 24 are sequentially communicated, and the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 sequentially passes through the first flat region 21, the first conical region 22, the collapsed region 23 and the second conical region 24 and is welded on the end cap 3. The output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is encapsulated in the second conical region 24, the output end of the collapse region 23 is connected with the small diameter end of the second conical region 24, and the large diameter end of the second conical region 24 is welded with the end cap 3.
In this embodiment, the second taper region 24 is continuously disposed behind the collapse region 23 in the refractive sleeve 2, so that the laser energy transfer jumper wire can be applied to the end cap 3 with the frustum 31, and meanwhile, the output end strength of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 is effectively improved.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the present invention further provides a laser energy transfer jumper, as shown in fig. 4, including: an energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, a refractive sleeve 2 and an end cap 3. The outer wall of the energy-transfer optical fiber 1 close to the output end is sleeved with a refractive sleeve 2. The energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 and the refractive sleeve 2 are integrated into a whole, and a mode stripper is integrated on the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1. The refractive sleeve 2 is a high refractive sleeve subjected to tapering treatment,
in this embodiment, only a part of the refractive sleeve 2 may be heat-shrunk, and the fusion point between the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 and the end cap 3 is reserved, where the refractive sleeve 2 includes: a first flat region 21, a first tapered region 22, a collapsed region 23, a second tapered region 24, and a second flat region 25. The diameter of the second flat area 25 can be adjusted according to the size of the end cap 3, the diameter of the second conical area 24 is gradually increased along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, the diameter of the first flat area 21 is larger than that of the collapse area 23, the first flat area 21, the first conical area 22, the collapse area 23, the second conical area 24 and the second flat area 25 are sequentially communicated, and the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 sequentially passes through the first flat area 21, the first conical area 22, the collapse area 23, the second conical area 24 and the second flat area 25 and is welded on the end cap 3. The diameter of the second conical region 24 gradually increases along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is packaged in the second flat region 25, the output end of the collapse region 23 is connected with the small diameter end of the second conical region 24, the second flat region 25 is a straight pipe section, the large diameter end of the second conical region 24 is connected with one end of the second flat region 25, and the other end of the second flat region 25 is welded with the end cap 3. At this time, the refractive sleeve 2 at the fusion point is in a separated state with the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, so that the mode filtering area is far away from the vicinity of the fusion point, the temperature at the fusion point is reduced, and the problem that the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is severely heated and easily damaged is effectively avoided.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a laser energy transfer jumper, which is characterized in that a refractive sleeve 2 is sleeved on the outer wall, close to an output end, of an energy transfer optical fiber 1, and the energy transfer optical fiber 1 sequentially passes through a first flat area 21, a first cone area 22 and a collapse area 23 of the refractive sleeve 2 and is welded on an end cap 3. According to the laser energy transfer jumper provided by the invention, the diameter of the melting point part of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 and the end cap 3 is enlarged by arranging the refraction sleeve 2, so that the laser energy transfer jumper can bear higher welding power and welding time during welding, the output end strength of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 is effectively increased, and cladding light can be efficiently filtered. Meanwhile, after the refractive sleeve 2 is added, the proportion of the cladding to the fiber core of the laser energy transfer jumper is increased, and even if cladding light is absorbed by impurities to generate heat, generated heat is more difficult to be conducted to the fiber core, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the output end of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 is enhanced. In addition, unlike the above embodiment, in this embodiment, the second flat area 25 is continuously disposed behind the second taper area 24 in the refractive sleeve 2, so that the mode filtering area of the laser energy transfer jumper is far away from the vicinity of the welding point, the temperature at the welding point is reduced, and the problem that the output end of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 is severely heated and easily damaged is effectively avoided.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the laser energy transfer jumper, as shown in fig. 5 to 10, comprising the following steps:
step S1: selecting a section of refractive sleeve 2, and tapering the refractive sleeve 2 to form a lens comprising at least: a refractive sleeve 2 of a first flat region 21, a first conical region 22 and a collapsed region 23; wherein, the first flat area 21, the first cone area 22 and the collapse area 23 are communicated in turn, the diameter of the first flat area 21 is larger than that of the collapse area 23, and the diameter of the first cone area 22 is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1.
Wherein, the step S1 further comprises the following sub-steps: the coating layer 11 of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 near the output end is removed, and the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is cleaned by an ultrasonic cleaner and alcohol.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, after removing the coating layer 11 of the energy-transfer optical fiber 1 near the output end, a section of refractive sleeve 2 is selected, the internal aperture of which is slightly larger than the diameter of the coating layer 11 of the energy-transfer optical fiber 1, and the energy-transfer optical fiber 1 is tapered by a heating tapering method, and a tapering heat source comprises carbon dioxide laser, oxyhydrogen flame and a graphite heating furnace. After tapering, forming at least comprises: the refractive ferrule 2 of the first flat region 21, the first tapered region 22 and the collapsed region 23, wherein the inner diameter of the collapsed region 23 with the smallest diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 from which the coating layer 11 is removed.
The tapering process may be adjusted according to the subsequent requirement, for example, a first flat region 21, a first taper region 22, a collapse region 23, a second taper region 24, and a second flat region 25 that are sequentially connected may be formed on the refractive sleeve 2.
After the tapering is finished, the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 can be corroded firstly, and a part of cladding of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is removed, so that cladding light is easier to leak into the outer-layer refractive sleeve 2.
Step S2: the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is inserted from one end of the refraction sleeve 2, the refraction sleeve 2 is heated, and a vacuum pump is connected to one end of the refraction sleeve 2, so that the refraction sleeve 2 gradually contracts and is integrated with the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1.
After the tapering is finished, the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is inserted from one end of the refractive sleeve 2, and a part of the coating layer 11 is ensured to be embedded into the first flat area 21 of the refractive sleeve 2. As shown in fig. 7, the heating source is used to scan and heat the collapse area 23 of the refractive sleeve 2, a vacuum pump is connected to one end of the refractive sleeve 2 while heating and scanning, and the vacuum pump is used to vacuumize the refractive sleeve 2, so that the refractive sleeve 2 is attached to the optical fiber and fused into a whole. Finally, the outer surface of the refractive sleeve 2 after hot melting is formed into a frosted surface. Wherein the frosted surface is formed by one or more of chemical etching, laser etching, mechanical polishing or quartz particle cladding.
Step S3: the refractive sleeve 2 and the energy-conducting optical fiber 1 are cut in the collapsed region 23, so that the energy-conducting optical fiber 1 passes through the first flat region 21, the first taper region 22 and the collapsed region 23 in sequence and is welded to the end cap 3.
After step S2 is finished, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the refractive sleeve 2 and the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 are cut in the collapse region 23, so that the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 sequentially passes through the first flat region 21, the first cone region 22 and the collapse region 23 and is welded on the end cap 3, the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is packaged in the collapse region 23, the output end of the collapse region 23 is welded on the end cap 3, and the contact point between the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 and the refractive sleeve 2 is packaged by using low-refractive-index glue, so that the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is thoroughly separated from cooling water. Finally, a laser energy transfer jumper as shown in fig. 2 is formed, and the laser energy transfer jumper comprises: an energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, a refractive sleeve 2 and an end cap 3. The outer wall of the energy-transfer optical fiber 1 close to the output end is sleeved with a refractive sleeve 2. The refractive sleeve 2 is a high refractive sleeve subjected to tapering treatment, and the refractive sleeve 2 includes: a first flat region 21, a first conical region 22 and a collapsed region 23. The diameter of the first flat area 21 is larger than that of the collapse area 23, the diameter of the first cone area 22 is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy-transmission optical fiber 1, the first flat area 21, the first cone area 22 and the collapse area 23 are sequentially communicated, and the energy-transmission optical fiber 1 sequentially passes through the first flat area 21, the first cone area 22 and the collapse area 23 to be welded on the end cap 3.
For a laser with lower power, when the output power of the laser does not exceed 1 kilowatt hour, the steps of the structure can be simplified, the tapering process of the refraction sleeve 2 is omitted, as shown in fig. 10, the whole refraction sleeve 2 is directly fused onto the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, and then cut and fused with the end cap 3, so that the simplified laser energy-transmitting jumper is obtained.
For the end cap 3 connected with the frustum 31 as shown in fig. 3, the welding end face of the end cap 3 is smaller, and after the refractive sleeve 2 is added to the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, the diameter is too large, and even larger than the welding end face of the end cap 3, so that welding difficulty is easy to cause. The invention also provides a method for manufacturing the laser energy transmission jumper wire aiming at the end cap 3, which comprises the steps of manufacturing the asymmetric refraction sleeve 2 as shown in the figure 3 by designing the pull cone shape of the refraction sleeve 2 and correspondingly adjusting the steps S1 to S3.
The specific process is as follows:
in the step S1, a section of the refractive sleeve 2 is selected, and the refractive sleeve 2 is tapered to form a refractive optical element at least including: a refractive sleeve 2 of a first flat region 21, a first conical region 22, a collapsed region 23 and a second conical region 24; the first flat area 21, the first cone area 22, the collapse area 23 and the second cone area 24 are sequentially communicated, the diameter of the first flat area 21 is larger than that of the collapse area 23, the diameter of the first cone area 22 is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy transmission optical fiber 1, the diameter of the second cone area 24 is gradually increased along the output direction of the energy transmission optical fiber 1, and the output end of the collapse area 23 is connected with the small-diameter end of the second cone area 24.
In the step S2, the energy transmission optical fiber 1 is inserted from one end of the refractive sleeve 2, the refractive sleeve 2 is heated, and a vacuum pump is connected to one end of the refractive sleeve 2, so that the refractive sleeve 2 gradually contracts and is integrated with the energy transmission optical fiber 1.
In the step S3, the refractive sleeve 2 and the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 are cut in the second taper region 24, so that the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 passes through the first flat region 21, the first taper region 22, the collapse region 23 and the second taper region 24 in sequence and is welded to the end cap 3, and the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is encapsulated in the second taper region 24, and the output end of the second taper region 24 is welded to the end cap 3.
Finally, a laser energy transfer jumper as shown in fig. 3 is manufactured, and the laser energy transfer jumper comprises: the energy transmission optical fiber 1, the refraction sleeve 2 and the end cap 3; the refractive sleeve 2 includes: a first flat region 21, a first tapered region 22, a collapsed region 23, and a second tapered region 24. The diameter of the second conical region 24 gradually increases along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, the diameter of the first flat region 21 is larger than that of the collapsed region 23, the first flat region 21, the first conical region 22, the collapsed region 23 and the second conical region 24 are sequentially communicated, and the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 sequentially passes through the first flat region 21, the first conical region 22, the collapsed region 23 and the second conical region 24 and is welded on the end cap 3. The output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is encapsulated in the second conical region 24, the output end of the collapse region 23 is connected with the small diameter end of the second conical region 24, and the large diameter end of the second conical region 24 is welded with the end cap 3.
In order to further reduce the filter pressure and the temperature pressure at the welding point, the separation of the energy transmission optical fiber 1 and the cooling water is simultaneously realized, and the laser energy transmission jumper wire shown in fig. 4 is manufactured. The energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 and the refractive sleeve 2 can be cut first, then the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is penetrated into the refractive sleeve 2 to ensure the end faces to be level, and then the high refractive index sleeve is partially tapered. Meanwhile, the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 can be inserted into the refraction sleeve 2, partial tapering is carried out, and finally a smooth and flat end face is manufactured in a grinding mode. In this way, separation of the optical fiber from the refractive index sleeve 2 at the junction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 and the end cap 3 can be ensured. The temperature of the fusion point is reduced by enabling the mode filtering area to be far away from the vicinity of the fusion point, and the problem that the output end of the energy transmission optical fiber 1 is severely heated and easily damaged is effectively avoided.
It will be appreciated that the structure can also be produced by adjusting steps S1 to S3, as follows:
in the step S1, a section of the refractive sleeve 2 is selected, and the refractive sleeve 2 is tapered to form a refractive optical element at least including: a refractive sleeve 2 of a first flat region 21, a first conical region 22, a collapsed region 23, a second conical region 24 and a second flat region 25; the first flat area 21, the first cone area 22, the collapse area 23, the second cone area 24 and the second flat area 25 are sequentially communicated, the diameter of the first flat area 21 is larger than that of the collapse area 23, and the diameter of the first cone area 22 is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1; the diameter of the second conical region 24 gradually increases along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, the output end of the collapse region 23 is connected with the small-diameter end of the second conical region 24, the second flat region 25 is a straight pipe section, and the large-diameter end of the second conical region 24 is connected with one end of the second flat region 25.
In the step S2, the energy transmission optical fiber 1 is inserted from one end of the refractive sleeve 2, the refractive sleeve 2 is heated, and a vacuum pump is connected to one end of the refractive sleeve 2, so that the refractive sleeve 2 gradually contracts and is integrated with the energy transmission optical fiber 1.
In the step S3, the refractive index sleeve 2 and the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 are cut in the second flat region 25, so that the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 passes through the first flat region 21, the first tapered region 22, the collapsed region 23, the second tapered region 24 and the second flat region 25 in sequence and is welded to the end cap 3, and the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is encapsulated in the second flat region 25, so that the other end of the second flat region 25 is welded to the end cap 3.
Finally, a laser energy transfer jumper as shown in fig. 4 is manufactured, and the laser energy transfer jumper comprises: the energy transmission optical fiber 1, the refraction sleeve 2 and the end cap 3; the refractive sleeve 2 comprises: a first flat region 21, a first tapered region 22, a collapsed region 23, a second tapered region 24, and a second flat region 25. The diameter of the second flat area 25 can be adjusted according to the size of the end cap 3, the diameter of the second conical area 24 is gradually increased along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, the diameter of the first flat area 21 is larger than that of the collapse area 23, the first flat area 21, the first conical area 22, the collapse area 23, the second conical area 24 and the second flat area 25 are sequentially communicated, and the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 sequentially passes through the first flat area 21, the first conical area 22, the collapse area 23, the second conical area 24 and the second flat area 25 and is welded on the end cap 3. The diameter of the second conical region 24 gradually increases along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1, the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber 1 is packaged in the second flat region 25, the output end of the collapse region 23 is connected with the small diameter end of the second conical region 24, the second flat region 25 is a straight pipe section, the large diameter end of the second conical region 24 is connected with one end of the second flat region 25, and the other end of the second flat region 25 is welded with the end cap 3.
The embodiment of the invention provides a manufacturing method of a laser energy transfer jumper, which is characterized in that a refractive sleeve 2 is sleeved on the outer wall, close to an output end, of an energy transfer optical fiber 1, the energy transfer optical fiber 1 sequentially passes through a first flat area 21, a first cone area 22 and a collapse area 23 of the refractive sleeve 2, and is welded on an end cap 3. According to the laser energy transfer jumper provided by the invention, the diameter of the melting point part of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 and the end cap 3 is enlarged by arranging the refraction sleeve 2, so that the laser energy transfer jumper can bear higher welding power and welding time during welding, the output end strength of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 is effectively increased, and cladding light can be efficiently filtered. Meanwhile, after the refractive sleeve 2 is added, the proportion of the cladding to the fiber core of the laser energy transfer jumper is increased, and even if cladding light is absorbed by impurities to generate heat, generated heat is more difficult to be conducted to the fiber core, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the output end of the energy transfer optical fiber 1 is enhanced.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A laser energy transfer jumper, comprising:
the energy transmission optical fiber, the refraction sleeve and the end cap;
the refractive sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the energy transmission optical fiber, which is close to the output end; wherein the refractive sleeve comprises: a first flat region, a first cone region, and a collapsed region; the diameter of the first flat area is larger than that of the collapse area, the diameter of the first conical area is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber, the first flat area, the first conical area and the collapse area are sequentially communicated, the energy-transmitting optical fiber sequentially passes through the first flat area, the first conical area and the collapse area in a welded mode, the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber is packaged in the collapse area, the collapse area is a vacuum sleeve, the vacuum sleeve is tightly attached to the outer wall, close to the output end, of the energy-transmitting optical fiber, the output end of the collapse area is welded on the end cap, and the energy-transmitting optical fiber and the refractive sleeve are welded together into a whole through a mold stripper and the end cap.
2. The laser energy transfer jumper of claim 1, wherein the refractive sleeve further comprises:
a second cone region; the diameter of the second conical region is gradually increased along the output direction of the energy transmission optical fiber, the output end of the energy transmission optical fiber is packaged in the second conical region, the output end of the collapse region is connected with the small-diameter end of the second conical region, and the large-diameter end of the second conical region is welded with the end cap.
3. The laser energy transfer jumper of claim 1, wherein the refractive sleeve further comprises:
a second taper region and a second flat region; the diameter of the second conical region is gradually increased along the output direction of the energy transmission optical fiber, the output end of the energy transmission optical fiber is packaged in the second flat region, the output end of the collapse region is connected with the small diameter end of the second conical region, the second flat region is a straight pipe section, the large diameter end of the second conical region is connected with one end of the second flat region, and the other end of the second flat region is welded with the end cap.
4. The laser energy transfer jumper of claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the refractive sleeve is a frosted surface and the refractive sleeve is a doped fused silica sleeve.
5. A method of making a laser energy transfer jumper as claimed in any of claims 2 to 3, comprising the steps of:
step S1: selecting a section of refractive sleeve, and tapering the refractive sleeve to form a refractive sleeve comprising at least: the refractive sleeve of the first flat region, the first taper region, and the collapsed region; the first flat area, the first cone area and the collapse area are sequentially communicated, the diameter of the first flat area is larger than that of the collapse area, and the diameter of the first cone area is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber;
step S2: inserting the energy-transmitting optical fiber from one end of the refraction sleeve, heating the refraction sleeve, and connecting a vacuum pump to one end of the refraction sleeve to enable the refraction sleeve to gradually shrink and be integrated with the energy-transmitting optical fiber;
step S3: and cutting the refractive sleeve and the energy-transmitting optical fiber in the collapse region, so that the energy-transmitting optical fiber passes through the first flat region, the first cone region and the collapse region in sequence and is welded on the end cap.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber is encapsulated within the collapsed region, the output end of the collapsed region being welded to the end cap.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the specific steps of step S1 include:
selecting a section of the refraction sleeve, and tapering the refraction sleeve to form at least: the refractive sleeve of the first flat region, the first taper region, the collapsed region, and the second taper region;
the first flat area, the first cone area, the collapse area and the second cone area are sequentially communicated, the diameter of the first flat area is larger than that of the collapse area, and the diameter of the first cone area is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber; the diameter of the second cone region is gradually increased along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber, and the output end of the collapse region is connected with the small-diameter end of the second cone region;
the specific steps of the step S3 include:
and cutting the refractive sleeve and the energy-transmitting optical fiber in the second conical region, so that the energy-transmitting optical fiber sequentially passes through the first flat region, the first conical region, the collapse region and the second conical region to be welded on the end cap, the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber is packaged in the second conical region, and the output end of the second conical region is welded on the end cap.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the specific steps of step S1 include:
selecting a section of the refraction sleeve, and tapering the refraction sleeve to form at least: the refractive sleeve of the first flat region, the first taper region, the collapsed region, the second taper region, and the second flat region;
the first flat area, the first cone area, the collapse area, the second cone area and the second flat area are sequentially communicated, the diameter of the first flat area is larger than that of the collapse area, and the diameter of the first cone area is gradually reduced along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber; the diameter of the second conical region is gradually increased along the output direction of the energy-transmitting optical fiber, the output end of the collapse region is connected with the small-diameter end of the second conical region, the second flat region is a straight tube section, and the large-diameter end of the second conical region is connected with one end of the second flat region;
the specific steps of the step S3 include:
and cutting the refraction sleeve and the energy-transmitting optical fiber in the second flat area, enabling the energy-transmitting optical fiber to sequentially pass through the first flat area, the first cone area, the collapse area, the second cone area and the second flat area to be welded on the end cap, enabling the output end of the energy-transmitting optical fiber to be packaged in the second flat area, and enabling the other end of the second flat area to be welded with the end cap.
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