CN109406757A - High gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro and its operating method - Google Patents
High gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro and its operating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109406757A CN109406757A CN201811481826.9A CN201811481826A CN109406757A CN 109406757 A CN109406757 A CN 109406757A CN 201811481826 A CN201811481826 A CN 201811481826A CN 109406757 A CN109406757 A CN 109406757A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses high gradient slope soil erosion high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro and its operating methods, including energy dissipating water system, test material fill system, runoff and sediment collection system.Energy dissipating water system by forebay, baffle wall style, cross the mouth of a river, after-bay and the buffer area section that discharges water form, which is located at the most top section of test macro, and before the system main function is washes away, the water flows gently, even into test material fill system；Test material fill system immediately energy dissipating drainage system, by abutment wall, raw material compacting zone, test material filling area, infiltrate testing tube, test section mark line forms, be the area Po Duan of entire test macro；Runoff and sediment collection system is located at the end of test material fill system, is made of divider wall, trigonum, runoff bucket, runoff bucket pedestal, valve, drainage ditch, is the lowermost end of whole system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macros, specifically, being related to a kind of measurement
The high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro and its operating method of engineering accumulation body high gradient slope soil erosion.
Background technique
The main reason for engineering accumulation body soil erosion intensity is big, and harm is serious, prediction is difficult and Control Technology lags
Be constitute accumulation body slope underlying surface component it is loose, and the gradient is big, and laws of soil erosion is totally different with sloping upland, biography
No matter the indoor simulation runoff plots of system are difficult to meet the requirements in length of grade, the gradient and precision aspect, and urgent need establishes Field simulation height
Its loss process and Hydrodynamic Parameters are probed into gradient slope runoff plots, to push engineering accumulation body high gradient slope erosion mechanism
It discloses and Control Technology correlative study works.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro and its operation sides
Method is mainly made of energy dissipating water system, test material filling system, runoff and sediment collection system three parts, either slope
The gradation nonuniformity coefficient and coefficient of curvature etc. of face steep or filler are to initiate both at home and abroad, have novelty.
Its technical solution is as follows:
A kind of high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro, including energy dissipating water system 1, test material filling system
System 2, runoff and sediment collection system 3.The energy dissipating water system 1, test material fill system 2, runoff and sediment collection system 3 by
Height is sequentially connected to low.Energy dissipating water system 1 by forebay 4, baffle wall style 5, cross the mouth of a river 6, after-bay 7 and buffer area 8 from the front to the back according to
Secondary composition.Test material fill system 2 by abutment wall 9, test material filling area 10, raw material compacting zone 11, infiltrate testing tube 12,
It tests section mark line 13 to form, test material filling area 10 is located on raw material compacting zone 11, and it is embedding to infiltrate testing tube 12
In in test material filling area 10, abutment wall 9 is the outer boundary of test material filling area 10.Runoff and sediment collection system 3 is by being isolated
Wall 14, trigonum 15, runoff bucket 17, drainage ditch 18 from top to bottom successively form, and valve 20, drainage ditch are installed in 17 bottom of runoff bucket
18 are located in runoff bucket pedestal 16, the 20 face drainage ditch 18 of valve of 17 bottom of runoff bucket.
Energy dissipating water system 1 is located at the most top section of entire test macro, which is before washing away, by disappearing
After energy, the water flows gently even into test material fill system 2.The filling of test material fill system 2 is backfilled according to test request
Test material, filling thickness are controlled according to the height of vertical slope surface, and the reality of test macro is disposed in test material filling area 10
When test section equipment, material pile set terminal connects runoff and sediment collection system 3.It uses the trigonum 15 of runoff and sediment collection system 3
To collect the bed load sediment for being easy to precipitate of test material filling area 10, delay is played for the part silt that slope surface generates and is made
With；Barricade 21 is located at the front end of the lowermost end of trigonum 15, afflux bucket 17, plays the role of protecting afflux bucket 17；Afflux bucket
17 to collect based on suspended sediment, and afflux bucket 17 is arranged by step, plays the function of collection, sedimentation, test, is located at entire survey
The least significant end of test system.
Further preferably, buffer area is filled with Extra-fine sand, the fluid-tight smooth plate 19 in surface, is placed in the table of filling sand
Face, with the smooth drop-over of test material fill area top end surface.The compactness of raw material compacting zone is greater than the test material on top
Compactness, permeability is less than top test material can be between test material and raw material material if cannot reach requirement
Arrange water barrier device.
Further, the arrangement for infiltrating testing tube 12 must be according to quincuncial arrangement, so as to measure test material
Different parts and depth infiltrate situation.Infiltrating testing tube must be using the tubing thin and transparent with certain intensity, caliber
Such as organic glass, the diameter of pipe is generally relatively carefully not more than 2.5mm, is conducive to the accuracy for just improving test.In placement testing tube
When, engaged test material end blocks nozzle using non-woven wraps filter material, to prevent particulate from entering testing tube, blocks pipeline.
It is infiltrating in testing tube 12, at distance blocking end 2cm, is filling 5~10mm colored liquid oil column, be accurately to calculate to infiltrate
Number.For the divider wall of trigonum and packing material, it is necessary to play the role of antiseepage.It trigonum must be with test material fill area light
Sliding, drop-over, being conducive to runoff and sediment can smoothly enter into trigonum.
The operating method of high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, according to test request, the raw material compacting zone of processing test fill area.
Step 2, according to test request, measure the grading curve of test material.
Step 3, the antiseepage situation for checking divider wall.
Step 4, according to test requirements document, fill test material；During filling, testing tube is infiltrated in laying；
Step 5, cleaning trigonum and runoff bucket, to guarantee the accuracy of test；
Step 6 is filled buffer area, is laid with smooth plate 19；
Step 7 discharges water, and observation water flow adjusts smooth plate 19 in the distribution situation of smooth plate 19, so as to as gentle equal as possible
It is even to be covered with smooth plate 19；
Step 8 carries out washout test, measures flow velocity according to testing tube arrangement section；The colored liquid for recording testing tube moves
Dynamic distance and water surface site, measure test material infiltrates situation, when entire testing tube is filled by water completely, shows test material
It has been saturated or has approached saturation；
Step 9 picks up water sample in the water inlet of top runoff bucket every 5~10min；
After the completion of step 10, test, the water sand sample of the silt and runoff bucket of collecting trigonum is handled, and calculates ensemble stream
Vector.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The advantages of this experimental design is improved is to overcome field trial observed result to be difficult to disadvantage that is timely, accurately obtaining
End；Interior is overcome to be difficult to meet the requirement for height of high gradient slope；Be conducive to the artificial control to different factors, realize to Dan Yin
Element causes the Accurate Analysis of soil losses；It by runoff and infiltrates test and combines, be conducive to the height soil erosion of side slope origin cause of formation
Factor coupling analysis.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro plan view；
Fig. 2 is high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro profilograph；
Fig. 3 is high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro drawing in side sectional elevation.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Referring to Fig.1~3, a kind of high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro, including energy dissipating water system, test
Material-filled system, runoff and sediment collection system.Energy dissipating water system is discharged water a section group by forebay, baffle wall style, after-bay and buffer area
At the system is located at the most top section of test macro, which is before washing away, and after energy dissipating, the water flows gently,
It is even to enter test material fill system；Test material fill system immediately energy dissipating drainage system, by abutment wall, raw material compacting zone,
Testing tube, test section mark line composition are infiltrated in test material filling area, are the area Po Duan of entire test macro；Runoff and sediment
Collection system is located at the end of test material fill system, is made of divider wall, trigonum, runoff bucket, valve, drainage ditch, is
The lowermost end of whole system.
Further preferably, buffer area is filled with Extra-fine sand, and surface is placed in filling with smooth, smooth, fluid-tight plate
The surface of sand, with the smooth drop-over of test material fill area top end surface.The compactness of raw material compacting zone is greater than the test on top
The compactness of material, permeability is less than top test material can be in test material and raw material material if cannot reach requirement
Water barrier device is arranged between material.Arrangement for infiltrating testing tube must be according to quincuncial arrangement, so as to measure test material
Material different parts and depth infiltrate situation.Infiltrating testing tube must be using the pipe thin and transparent with certain intensity, caliber
Material such as organic glass, the diameter of pipe are generally relatively carefully not more than 2.5mm, are conducive to the accuracy for just improving test.It is tested in placement
Guan Shi, engaged test material end block nozzle using non-woven wraps filter material, to prevent particulate from entering testing tube, blocking pipe
Road.In testing tube, at distance blocking end 2cm, 5~10mm colored liquid oil column is filled, accurately to calculate infiltrated water.It is right
Divider wall in trigonum and packing material, it is necessary to play the role of antiseepage.It trigonum must be smooth, suitable with test material fill area
It connects, being conducive to runoff and sediment can smoothly enter into trigonum.
High gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro of the present invention in the specific application process, including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1, according to test request, the raw material compacting zone of processing test fill area.
Step 2, according to test request, measure the grading curve of test material.
Step 3, the antiseepage situation for checking divider wall.
Step 4, according to test requirements document, fill test material；During filling, testing tube is infiltrated in laying；
Step 5, cleaning trigonum and runoff bucket, to guarantee the accuracy of test；
Step 6 is filled buffer area, is laid with smooth plate 19；
Step 7 discharges water, and observation water flow adjusts smooth plate 19 in the distribution situation of smooth plate 19, so as to as gentle equal as possible
It is even to be covered with smooth plate 19；
Step 8 carries out washout test, measures flow velocity according to testing tube arrangement section；The colored liquid for recording testing tube moves
Dynamic distance and water surface site, measure test material infiltrates situation, when entire testing tube is filled by water completely, shows test material
It has been saturated or has approached saturation；
Step 9 picks up water sample in the water inlet of top runoff bucket every 5~10min；
After the completion of step 10, test, the water sand sample of the silt and runoff bucket of collecting trigonum is handled, and calculates ensemble stream
Vector.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this, it is any ripe
Know those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure, the letter for the technical solution that can be become apparent to
Altered or equivalence replacement are fallen within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. high gradient slope soil erosion high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro, which is characterized in that supplied including energy dissipating
Water system, test material fill system, runoff and sediment collection system.
2. high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: energy dissipating is supplied water
System by forebay, baffle wall style, cross the mouth of a river, after-bay and the buffer area section that discharges water form, which is located at the most top section of test macro, this
System main function is before washing away, and the water flows gently, even into test material fill system；Test material fill system is immediately
Energy dissipating drainage system by abutment wall, raw material compacting zone, test material filling area, infiltrates testing tube, test section mark line group
At for the area Po Duan of entire test macro；Runoff and sediment collection system is located at the end of test material fill system, by being isolated
Wall, triangle collecting region, runoff bucket, runoff bucket pedestal, valve, drainage ditch composition, are the lowermost end of whole system.
3. high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: use buffer area
Extra-fine sand filling, surface is with fluid-tight smooth plate (19).
4. high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to infiltrate
The arrangement of testing tube (12) must be according to quincuncial arrangement.
5. high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: surveyed infiltrating
In test tube (12), at distance blocking end 2cm, it is equipped with 5~10mm colored liquid oil column.
6. the operating method of high gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Step 1, according to test request, the raw material compacting zone of processing test fill area；
Step 2, according to test request, measure the grading curve of test material；
Step 3, the antiseepage situation for checking divider wall；
Step 4, according to test requirements document, fill test material；During filling, testing tube is infiltrated in laying；
Step 5, cleaning trigonum and runoff bucket, to guarantee the accuracy of test；
Step 6 is filled buffer area, is laid with smooth plate (19)；
Step 7 discharges water, and observation water flow adjusts smooth plate (19), in the distribution situation of smooth plate (19) to be gently uniformly covered with
Smooth plate (19)；
Step 8 carries out washout test, measures flow velocity according to testing tube arrangement section；Record testing tube colored liquid it is mobile away from
From and water surface site, measure test material infiltrates situation, when entire testing tube is filled by water completely, shows that test material has been satisfied
And/or close saturation；
Step 9 picks up water sample in the water inlet of top runoff bucket every 5~10min；
After the completion of step 10, test, the water sand sample of the silt and runoff bucket of collecting trigonum is handled, and calculates overall be lost
Amount.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811481826.9A CN109406757A (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-05 | High gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro and its operating method |
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| CN201811481826.9A CN109406757A (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-05 | High gradient slope soil erosion Field simulation test macro and its operating method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110646320A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-03 | 贵州天保生态股份有限公司 | Device and method for preventing and treating field runoff water and soil loss |
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2018
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| CN110646320A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-03 | 贵州天保生态股份有限公司 | Device and method for preventing and treating field runoff water and soil loss |
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Application publication date: 20190301 |