CN109406074B - Spring elasticity measuring method - Google Patents
Spring elasticity measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109406074B CN109406074B CN201811358325.1A CN201811358325A CN109406074B CN 109406074 B CN109406074 B CN 109406074B CN 201811358325 A CN201811358325 A CN 201811358325A CN 109406074 B CN109406074 B CN 109406074B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0041—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress
- G01M5/005—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an elastic measuring head of a spring sorting machine, which belongs to the field of spring performance measurement and comprises a rack, a spring support, a spring limiting structure, a front measuring piece, a rear measuring piece, an elastic guide structure, a displacement sensing structure, a transverse driving structure and a measuring structure, wherein the spring support is arranged on the rack and used for enabling a middle shaft of a spring to be measured to be parallel to a horizontal plane, the spring limiting structure is arranged on the front side of the spring support, the front measuring piece is arranged on the rear side of the spring support, the rear measuring piece is arranged on the rear side of the front measuring piece and is in sliding fit with the rack along the front-rear direction, the elastic guide structure is arranged on the rear measuring piece and is in sliding fit with the front measuring piece in the front-rear direction, the displacement sensing structure is arranged on the rear measuring piece and is used for sensing the distance. The elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine provided by the invention has the advantages that the spring to be measured is horizontally placed during measurement, the influence of the self weight of the spring on the measurement precision is avoided, the measurement is more accurate, meanwhile, the structure is simple, and the use is very convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spring performance measurement, and particularly relates to an elastic measuring head of a spring sorting machine.
Background
The spring sorting machine is an important device for measuring the performance of the spring, and the elastic measuring head is an important measuring component in the device, and the elastic performance parameter of the spring is obtained mainly by measuring the deformation quantity of the spring. The existing elastic measuring head generally adopts a vertical measuring mode to measure, and by adopting the mode, the dead weight of a spring has influence on the measurement of the free height, so that the measurement precision is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an elastic measuring head of a spring sorting machine, which aims to solve the technical problem that the dead weight of a spring influences the measuring precision in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: provided is a spring sorting machine elastic measuring head, comprising: the spring support is arranged on the rack and used for enabling a middle shaft of a spring to be detected to be parallel to a horizontal plane, the spring limiting structure is arranged on the front side of the spring support, the front measuring piece is arranged on the rear side of the spring support and used for being abutted against the rear end of the spring to be detected, the rear measuring piece is arranged on the rear side of the front measuring piece and is in sliding fit with the rack along the front-rear direction, the elastic guide structure is arranged on the rear measuring piece and is in sliding fit with the front measuring piece in the front-rear direction, the displacement sensing structure is arranged on the rear measuring piece and is used for sensing the distance between the front measuring piece and the rear measuring piece, the transverse driving structure is arranged on the rack and is used for driving the rear measuring piece to move forwards, and the measuring structure is arranged on the rack and is connected with the front measuring piece and is used for displaying the position information reading of.
Furthermore, the spring support comprises a plurality of support plates which are arranged on the rack and distributed along the front-back direction, and each support plate is provided with an accommodating groove which is used for accommodating a spring to be tested and has an upward opening.
Further, the holding tank is V type groove.
Further, the spring limiting structure is a limiting plate arranged on the front side of the spring support.
Furthermore, the measuring structure comprises a measuring ruler support arranged below the front measuring piece and a measuring ruler arranged at the front end of the measuring ruler support, scales are arranged on the measuring ruler, the measuring ruler is fixedly connected with the front measuring piece, and the measuring ruler is in sliding fit with the measuring ruler support.
Furthermore, preceding survey piece including be used for with the contact plate body of the rear end butt of the spring that awaits measuring and locate contact plate body below and with the measurement plate body that the measuring tape is connected.
Furthermore, the elastic guide structure comprises a plurality of guide pins fixedly arranged on the front plate surface of the rear measuring piece and a plurality of reset compression springs respectively sleeved on the peripheries of the guide pins, and the central axes of the guide pins are parallel to the front and rear directions; the contact plate body is provided with a guide hole which is used for being in sliding fit with the guide pin.
Further, the displacement sensing structure comprises a displacement sensor fixedly arranged on the rear measuring piece, and a sensing surface of the displacement sensor and the contact plate body are arranged at intervals.
Furthermore, the transverse driving structure comprises a driving motor arranged on the rack and a screw rod arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor; the back side of the back measuring piece is provided with a back guide pin which is in sliding fit with the back measuring piece support along the front-back direction, and the back side of the back measuring piece is fixedly provided with an internal thread sleeve which is in threaded fit with the lead screw.
The spring sorting machine elastic measuring head provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine can realize the horizontal placement of a spring to be measured through the spring support, during measurement, the rear measuring piece is driven by the transverse driving structure to drive the front measuring piece to move, after the front measuring piece is contacted with the rear end of the spring to be measured and stops moving, the distance between the front measuring piece and the rear measuring piece can be shortened due to the continuous movement of the rear measuring piece, when the distance between the front measuring piece and the rear measuring piece is shortened to a preset value, the position information of the front measuring piece on the measuring structure is obtained, and further the elastic parameters of the spring to be measured can be obtained. The elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine is used for horizontally placing the spring to be measured during measurement, so that the influence of the self weight of the spring on the measurement precision is avoided, the measurement is more accurate, and meanwhile, the elastic measuring head is simple in structure and very convenient to use.
The invention also provides a spring elasticity measuring method, which comprises the following steps:
horizontally placing a spring to be tested on a spring support;
controlling rear and front gauges at speed V using lateral drive structure0Simultaneously moves forwards, and after the front measuring piece is contacted with the spring to be measured, the front measuring piece is subjected to the reaction force F of the spring to be measuredN；
After the front measuring piece stops moving forwards, the transverse driving structure is used for controllingAfter-production sheet velocity V0Continuing to move forwards until the displacement sensing structure senses that the distance between the front measuring piece and the rear measuring piece is smaller than a preset value, controlling the rear measuring piece to stop moving by using the transverse driving structure, and acquiring a reading on the measuring structure;
and the transverse driving structure is used for controlling the rear measuring sheet to drive the front measuring sheet to move backwards so as to restore to the initial position.
The spring elasticity measuring method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the spring elasticity measuring method provided by the invention has the advantages that the front measuring sheet is contacted with the rear end of the horizontally placed spring, and the front side and the rear side of the front measuring sheet are respectively subjected to the reaction force F of the spring to be measuredNAnd elastic guide structure thrust F, after the front measuring piece stops moving, the reaction force F of the spring to be measuredNGreater than the thrust F of the elastic guide structureSDuring, elasticity guide structure takes place deformation, and the back is surveyed the piece and is lasted to move forward and can lead to preceding survey piece and back survey piece interval to shorten, when both intervals shorten the default, obtains the position information reading of preceding survey piece on measuring the structure this moment, and then can acquire the spring elastic parameter that awaits measuring. The spring elasticity measuring method provided by the invention has the advantages that the steps are simple, the influence of the self weight of the spring on the measuring precision is avoided in the measuring process, and the measuring result is more accurate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of an elastic measuring head of a spring sorting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a spring sorting machine elastic measuring head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a spring sorting machine elastic measuring head according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:
1-a frame; 2-a spring to be tested; 3-a spring support; 301-a support plate; 302-accommodating grooves; 4-a spring limit structure; 5-front measuring; 501-a contact plate body; 502-measurement plate body; 6-post test piece; 7-an elastic guide structure; 701-a guide pin; 702-a return compression spring; 8-a displacement sensing structure; 9-a lateral drive configuration; 901-a drive motor; 902-a lead screw; 10-a measurement structure; 1001-measuring tape support; 1002-measuring a ruler; 11-rear measuring piece support; 12-a rear guide pin; 13-internal thread sleeve
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3 together, the elastic probe of the spring sorting machine according to the present invention will be described. The elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine comprises a frame 1, a spring support 3 which is arranged on the frame 1 and used for enabling a middle shaft of a spring 2 to be measured to be parallel to a horizontal plane, a spring limiting structure 4 which is arranged on the front side of the spring support 3, a front measuring piece 5 which is arranged on the rear side of the spring support 3 and used for being abutted to the rear end of the spring 2 to be measured, a rear measuring piece 6 which is arranged on the rear side of the front measuring piece 5 and is in sliding fit with the frame 1 along the front-rear direction, an elastic guide structure 7 which is arranged on the rear measuring piece 6 and is in sliding fit with the front measuring piece 5 in the front-rear direction, a displacement sensing structure 8 which is arranged on the rear measuring piece 6 and is used for sensing the distance between the front measuring piece 5 and the rear measuring piece 6, a transverse driving structure 9 which is arranged on the frame 1 and is used for driving the rear measuring piece 6 to move forwards, and a measuring structure 10. Wherein, the front-back direction is a direction parallel to the horizontal plane; the position information reading may be a reading of a displacement distance of the front blade 5 or the like.
Compared with the prior art, the elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine provided by the invention has the advantages that the horizontal placement of the spring 2 to be measured can be realized through the spring support 3, during measurement, the rear measuring sheet 6 is driven by the transverse driving structure 9 to drive the front measuring sheet 5 to move, after the front measuring sheet 5 is contacted with the rear end of the spring 2 to be measured and stops moving, the distance between the front measuring sheet 5 and the rear measuring sheet 6 can be shortened due to the continuous movement of the rear measuring sheet 5, when the distance between the front measuring sheet 5 and the rear measuring sheet is shortened to a preset value, the position information of the front measuring sheet 5 on the measuring structure 10 at the moment is acquired, and the elastic parameters of the spring. According to the elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine, the spring 2 to be measured is horizontally placed during measurement, so that the influence of the self weight of the spring on the measurement precision is avoided, the measurement is more accurate, and meanwhile, the elastic measuring head is simple in structure and very convenient to use.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, as an embodiment of the elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine provided by the present invention, in order to simplify the structure, the spring support 2 includes a plurality of support plates 301 disposed on the frame 1 and distributed along the front-back direction, and each support plate 301 is provided with an accommodating groove 302 having an upward opening and used for accommodating the spring 2 to be measured. The containing groove 302 plays a role in positioning the spring 2 to be measured, and when the spring 2 to be measured is stably placed in the containing groove 302, the axis of the spring 2 to be measured and the center of the contact part of the front measuring piece 5 and the spring 2 to be measured are overlapped, so that the problem of inaccurate measurement caused by bias voltage on the spring 2 to be measured can be prevented.
As a specific embodiment of the elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine provided by the invention, the upper space of the spring support 3 is open and can be butted with a conveying belt for conveying the spring 2 to be measured, the spring to be measured can be conveniently and directly conveyed to the spring support 3 and can be quickly positioned by the accommodating groove 302, manual feeding is not needed, the problems that the spring center positioning is difficult to ensure by manual feeding, bias voltage is easy to cause and the measuring precision is influenced are solved, meanwhile, the labor intensity of workers is reduced to a certain extent, and the human resources are saved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in order to simplify the structure and effectively improve the positioning effect of the elastic probe of the spring sorting machine according to the embodiment of the invention, the accommodating groove 302 is a V-shaped groove.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, as a specific embodiment of the elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine provided by the present invention, in order to simplify the structure, the spring limiting structure 4 is a limiting plate disposed at the front side of the spring support 3. When the limiting plate is used, the back plate surface of the limiting plate is contacted, an effective limiting effect is achieved, the structure is simple, and the use is convenient.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, as an embodiment of the elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine according to the present invention, the measuring structure 10 includes a measuring tape support 1001 disposed below the front measuring sheet and a measuring tape 1002 disposed at the front end of the measuring tape support 1001, scales are disposed on the measuring tape 1002, the measuring tape 1002 is fixedly connected to the front measuring sheet 5, and the measuring tape 1002 is slidably engaged with the measuring tape support 1001. In which the measuring tape 1002 itself moves forward and backward along with the movement of the front blade 5, and the reading can be performed by an indication mark provided on the measuring tape support 1001.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, as an embodiment of the elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine according to the present invention, the front measuring plate 5 includes a contact plate 501 for abutting against the rear end of the spring 2 to be measured, and a measuring plate 502 disposed below the contact plate 501 and connected to a measuring ruler 1002. The measuring plate body 502 is sleeved on the measuring ruler 1002 and is fixedly connected with the measuring ruler 1002. Contact plate body 501 and measurement plate body 502 can synchronous motion, and occupation space is little simultaneously, when guaranteeing to carry out effective contact with the spring 2 that awaits measuring, can also effectively drive measuring tape 1002 and remove.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, as a specific embodiment of the elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine according to the present invention, the elastic guide structure 7 includes a plurality of guide pins 701 fixed on the front plate surface of the rear measuring piece 6 and a plurality of return compression springs 702 respectively sleeved on the peripheries of the guide pins 701, and the central axis of the guide pins 701 is parallel to the front-rear direction; the contact plate body 501 is provided with a guide hole for slidably fitting the guide pin 701. The front end of the return compression spring 702 abuts against the contact plate body 501, and the rear end abuts against the rear measuring piece 6. It should be noted that the front end of the guide pin 701 is provided with a plate body limiting structure for preventing the contact plate body 501 from falling off from the guide pin 701, which may be a limiting protrusion or the like. The guide pins 701 provide a guide for the movement of the front blade 5 relative to the rear blade 6, and the return compression spring 702 provides a forward spring force to facilitate testing and return.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the rear measuring piece 6 and the contact plate body 501 are circular plates, and the two are concentrically arranged, and a plurality of guide pins 701 are uniformly distributed around the center of the circle of the rear measuring piece 6, so that the contact plate body 501 is uniformly stressed, and the pressure borne by a single reset pressure spring 702 is reduced. Specifically, four guide pins 701 and four return compression springs 702 are provided, respectively.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in order to ensure the sensing accuracy, the displacement sensing structure 8 includes a displacement sensor fixed on the rear measuring plate 6, and a sensing surface of the displacement sensor and the contact plate 501 are disposed at an interval.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, as a specific embodiment of the elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine provided by the present invention, the transverse driving structure 9 includes a driving motor 901 disposed on the rack 1 and a screw 902 disposed on an output shaft of the driving motor 901; be equipped with the piece support 11 is surveyed after in the frame 1, the piece 6 rear side is surveyed after to be equipped with the piece support 11 is surveyed after along fore-and-aft direction sliding fit's back uide pin, the piece 6 rear side is surveyed after still sets firmly be used for with lead screw 902 screw-thread fit's internal thread sleeve 13. The driving motor 901 drives the screw 902 to rotate, so that the internal thread sleeve 13 sleeved on the screw 902 can move back and forth, and finally the rear measuring piece 6 can move back and forth.
The invention also provides a spring elasticity measuring method, which comprises the following steps:
horizontally placing a spring 2 to be tested on a spring support 3;
the transverse driving structure 9 is used for controlling the rear measuring blade 6 and the front measuring blade 5 to have a speed V0Simultaneously moves forwards, and after the front measuring piece 5 is contacted with the spring 2 to be measured, the front measuring piece 5 is subjected to the reaction force F of the spring 2 to be measuredN；
When the reaction force F of the spring 2 to be measuredNGreater than the thrust F of the elastic guide structureSWhen the elastic guide structure is deformed and the front measuring piece 5 stops moving forwards, the transverse driving structure 9 is used for controlling the rear measuring piece 6 to move at a speed V0The forward movement is continued until the displacement sensing structure 8 senses that the distance S between the front blade 5 and the rear blade 6 is smaller than the preset value (or smaller than the displacement sensing structure 8)The preset measurement interval), the transverse driving structure 9 is utilized to control the rear measurement piece 6 to stop moving, and the reading on the measurement structure 10 is obtained;
the transverse driving structure 9 is used for controlling the rear measuring piece 6 to drive the front measuring piece 5 to move backwards and restore to the initial position.
The spring elasticity measuring method provided by the invention is characterized in that the front measuring sheet 5 is contacted with the rear end of the horizontally placed spring, and the front side and the rear side of the front measuring sheet 5 are respectively subjected to the reaction force F of the spring 2 to be measuredNAnd the thrust F of the elastic guide structure, after the front measuring piece 5 stops moving, the reaction force F of the spring 2 to be measuredNGreater than the thrust F of the elastic guide structure 7SDuring, elasticity guide structure 7 takes place deformation, and the back is surveyed piece 6 and is lasted to move forward and can lead to preceding survey piece 5 and the 6 intervals of back survey to shorten, when both intervals shorten the default, acquires the positional information reading of preceding survey piece 5 on measuring structure 10 this moment, and then can acquire 2 elastic parameters of the spring that awaits measuring. The spring elasticity measuring method provided by the invention has the advantages that the steps are simple, the influence of the self weight of the spring on the measuring precision is avoided in the measuring process, and the measuring result is more accurate.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The spring elasticity measuring method is characterized in that the method is carried out based on an elastic measuring head of a spring sorting machine, the elastic measuring head of the spring sorting machine comprises a rack, a spring support, a spring limiting structure, a front measuring piece, a rear measuring piece, an elastic guide structure, a displacement sensing structure, a transverse driving structure and a measuring structure, wherein the spring support is arranged on the rack and used for enabling a middle shaft of a spring to be measured to be parallel to a horizontal plane, the spring limiting structure is arranged on the front side of the spring support, the front measuring piece is arranged on the rear side of the spring support and used for being abutted against the rear end of the spring to be measured, the rear measuring piece is arranged on the rear side of the front measuring piece and is in sliding fit with the rack along the front-rear direction, the elastic guide structure is arranged on the rear measuring piece and is in sliding fit with the front measuring piece along the front-rear direction, the displacement sensing structure is arranged on the rear measuring piece and is used for sensing the distance between the front measuring piece and the rear measuring piece, the transverse driving structure is; the spring elasticity measuring method comprises the following steps:
horizontally placing a spring to be tested on a spring support;
controlling rear and front gauges at speed V using lateral drive structure0Simultaneously moves forwards, and after the front measuring piece is contacted with the spring to be measured, the front measuring piece is subjected to the reaction force F of the spring to be measuredN；
After the front measuring piece stops moving forwards, the transverse driving structure is utilized to control the rear measuring piece to rotate at a speed V0Continuing to move forwards until the displacement sensing structure senses that the distance between the front measuring piece and the rear measuring piece is smaller than a preset value, controlling the rear measuring piece to stop moving by using the transverse driving structure, and acquiring a reading on the measuring structure;
and the transverse driving structure is used for controlling the rear measuring sheet to drive the front measuring sheet to move backwards so as to restore to the initial position.
2. The spring elasticity measuring method according to claim 1, wherein: the spring support comprises a plurality of supporting plates which are arranged on the rack and distributed along the front-back direction, and each supporting plate is provided with an accommodating groove which is used for accommodating a spring to be tested and has an upward opening.
3. The spring elasticity measuring method according to claim 2, wherein: the holding tank is V type groove.
4. The spring elasticity measuring method according to claim 1, wherein: the spring limiting structure is a limiting plate arranged on the front side of the spring support.
5. The spring elasticity measuring method according to claim 1, wherein: the measuring structure comprises a measuring tape support arranged below the front measuring sheet and a measuring tape arranged at the front end of the measuring tape support, scales are arranged on the measuring tape, the measuring tape is fixedly connected with the front measuring sheet, and the measuring tape is in sliding fit with the measuring tape support.
6. The spring elasticity measuring method according to claim 5, wherein: the front measuring piece comprises a contact plate body used for being abutted against the rear end of the spring to be measured and a measuring plate body arranged below the contact plate body and connected with the measuring scale.
7. The spring elasticity measuring method according to claim 6, wherein: the elastic guide structure comprises a plurality of guide pins fixedly arranged on the front plate surface of the rear measuring piece and a plurality of reset pressure springs respectively sleeved on the peripheries of the guide pins, and the central axes of the guide pins are parallel to the front and rear directions; the contact plate body is provided with a guide hole which is used for being in sliding fit with the guide pin.
8. The spring elasticity measuring method according to claim 7, wherein: the displacement sensing structure comprises a displacement sensor fixedly arranged on the rear measuring piece, and the sensing surface of the displacement sensor and the contact plate body are arranged at intervals.
9. The spring elasticity measuring method according to claim 1, wherein: the transverse driving structure comprises a driving motor arranged on the rack and a screw rod arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor; the back side of the back measuring piece is provided with a back guide pin which is in sliding fit with the back measuring piece support along the front-back direction, and the back side of the back measuring piece is fixedly provided with an internal thread sleeve which is in threaded fit with the lead screw.
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| RU2349394C1 (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2009-03-20 | ЗАО Научно-проектный центр "ТОРМОЗ" | Method for measurement and classification of springs in spring group of freight cars |
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