CN109405611A - Compound heat reservoir with two-stage phase change material device and steam storage tank - Google Patents
Compound heat reservoir with two-stage phase change material device and steam storage tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN109405611A CN109405611A CN201811071788.XA CN201811071788A CN109405611A CN 109405611 A CN109405611 A CN 109405611A CN 201811071788 A CN201811071788 A CN 201811071788A CN 109405611 A CN109405611 A CN 109405611A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Abstract
A kind of compound heat reservoir with two-stage phase change material device and steam storage tank, it uses water and steam for heat-transfer fluid, has been sequentially arranged charging process steam distributor (1), first order phase change thermal storage device (2), steam storage tank (3), second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4) and exothermic process steam header (5) from bottom to top.Two-stage phase-change heat storage device includes phase-change material and heat-exchanging tube bundle.Superheated steam is flowed into from heat reservoir bottom in charging process, increase the saturated water temperature in first order phase change thermal storage device (2), steam storage tank (3) and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4), the phase-change material in phase-change heat storage device is heated simultaneously, make its fusing, realizes solid-liquid phase change.The saturated water stored in exothermic process flashes, it is flowed out at the top of from heat reservoir, reduce the saturated water temperature in first order phase change thermal storage device (2), steam storage tank (3) and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4), phase-change material in cooling phase-change thermal storage device simultaneously, make its solidification, realizes liquid-solid phase transformation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compound heat reservoirs, in particular to use the storage of two-stage phase change material device and steam storage tank
Hot systems.
Background technique
Solar energy thermal-power-generating station generally includes 4 parts: condenser system, endothermic system, heat reservoir and heat to power output system
System, wherein heat reservoir is the key component that solar energy thermal-power-generating station realizes large-scale commercial operation.It is divided by heat accumulation principle,
Heat accumulation is divided into three kinds of sensible heat heat accumulation, latent heat heat accumulation and chemical reaction heat storage principal modes, and wherein sensible heat heat accumulation is due to technically simple
Maturation, cost is relatively low, therefore is most widely used in solar heat power generation system.The volumetric heat capacity of latent heat heat accumulation compared with
Greatly, temperature is held essentially constant when phase transformation, is the heat accumulation mode of current most study.Chemical reaction heat storage is more multiple due to technology
Miscellaneous, higher cost industrially there is no large-scale application example.Researching of sensible heat storage material includes fluent material: such as water, conduction oil and molten
Melt salt etc. and solid material: such as cast iron, iron ore, cobble, sandstone, ceramics, high temperature concrete etc..Fuse salt has stronger corruption
Corrosion has very strong destructiveness to the heat exchange pipeline in heat reservoir, while the setting temperature of fuse salt is higher, needs to increase
Additional facility prevents fuse salt from solidifying, and improves the cost of system.Conduction oil is not used to 400 due to using temperature limiting
The heat storage of DEG C temperatures above, and working medium cost and system cost are higher, the economy of large-scale application is bad.High temperature is mixed
Although solidifying soil has many advantages, such as to have stable high-temperature performance, cost of investment is low, operation and maintenance are convenient, long service life, storage density
Low, the deficiencies of thermal coefficient is not high, reduces the heat-transfer fluid parameter of exothermic process constantly, limits it in power field
Promotion and application.
Steam accumulator is wide in UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, solar energy thermal-power-generating and many intermittent use steam occasions both at home and abroad at present
General application.But there are the deficiency that pressure vessel cost when massive store is excessively high, limiting it in large-scale solar power generation is
Application in system.Many technical research for storage steam thermal energy, Chinese patent CN102777874A are carried out both at home and abroad
A kind of phase-change heat accumulation system of direct steam generation and the preparation method of phase-change thermal storage agent are proposed, using graphite foam to phase transformation
Material is strengthened, and phase-change material is placed in steam tank body.Chinese patent CN106287623A proposes a kind of phase-transition heat-storage
Formula steam accumulator, phase-change material are evenly arranged in steam storage tank, improve the storage density of steam accumulator.But due to phase
Become material and be arranged in steam tank inside, occupies tank volume, certain increased costs can be brought.Chinese patent
CN106556165A proposes a kind of solar steam hold over system for being installed on factory roof, using single steam accumulator
Carry out storage steam heat.Chinese patent CN108061395A and CN107989759A propose a kind of for solar energy thermal-power-generating system
The steam thermal energy storage system of system configures multiple steam-water separators and carries out steam using concrete as heat-storage medium in system
With the separation and adjusting of water, the material property of steam and concrete is utilized well.But concrete belongs to sensible heat heat accumulation, storage
Hot material dosage is larger.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the shortcomings of that existing steam accumulator cost when volume is larger is excessively high, by phase-change thermal storage
It is combined with the basic principle of conventional vapor storage heater, it is simple to provide a kind of structure, low-cost compound heat reservoir.
The method that the present invention uses two-stage phase-change heat storage device to combine with steam storage tank, fills according to vapor in steam storage tank
The suitable phase-change material of temperature and pressure parameter selection of exothermic process.Heat reservoir of the invention includes three parts, level-one phase
Change heat reservoir, steam storage tank and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device.It carries out filling heat and heat release as heat-transfer fluid using water/steam.
According to water/steam thermo-physical performance parameters and operational process requirement, capital equipment of the invention according to from lower and
On mode arrange.First order phase change thermal storage device is located at heat reservoir bottom, and steam storage tank is located in the middle part of heat reservoir, second-order phase transistion
Thermal storage device is located at the top of heat reservoir.The first heat-exchanging tube bundle is used between the top and steam storage tank lower part of first order phase change thermal storage device
Connection is connected between steam storage tank top and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device bottom using the second heat-exchanging tube bundle.First order phase change thermal storage device
Lower part is equipped with charging process steam distributor, control valve and connecting line.First order phase change thermal storage device lower part passes through connecting tube
Road is connect with charging process steam distributor, and charging process steam distributor is located at the lower section of first order phase change thermal storage device, fills hot mistake
Stroke valve is located at the inlet of charging process steam distributor, the flow of steam when filling heat for adjusting.Second-order phase transistion thermal storage device
Top is equipped with exothermic process steam header, exothermic process valve and connecting line.The top of second-order phase transistion thermal storage device passes through
Connecting line is connect with exothermic process steam header, and exothermic process steam header is located at second-order phase transistion thermal storage device top, is put
Thermal process valve is located at the exit of exothermic process steam header, for regulating and controlling the steam flow of exothermic process.First order phase change
Thermal storage device and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device are all made of the interior arrangement for burying heat-exchanging tube bundle formula, the heat exchanger tube in first order phase change thermal storage device
Shu Zhongwei saturated water is saturated vapor in the heat-exchanging tube bundle of second-order phase transistion thermal storage device.First order phase change thermal storage device and steam storage tank it
Between by the second heat-exchanging tube bundle be connected to, be connected between steam storage tank and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device by the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, common structure
At saturated vapor space and saturation hydrospace, heat-exchanging tube bundle and steam storage tank bearing capacity having the same.First order phase change heat accumulation
In device and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device the parameters such as the selection of phase-change material, heat-exchanging tube bundle arrangement and quantity of heat storage need according to fill heat and
The design of exothermic process characteristics of heat transfer.
Illustrate heat reservoir of the present invention in the working principle filled in heat and exothermic process individually below.
Charging process: the superheated steam of high temperature flows into heat reservoir, temperature through the heat-exchanging tube bundle in first order phase change thermal storage device
High steam is mixed with the saturated water in heat reservoir, releases the latent heat of condensation, so that the saturated water temperature liter in heat reservoir
Height, water capacity increases, while heating the first heat-exchanging tube bundle in first order phase change thermal storage device, and then heats in first order phase change thermal storage device
The first phase-change material inorganic salts, metal alloy class etc. can choose as phase-change material according to steam parameter.With mistake
The progress of journey, the water capacity in heat reservoir become larger, and pressure increases, and saturated-steam temperature also constantly increases, the vapor space
It is gradually reduced.In the process, heat exchange is realized between saturated vapor and the second heat-exchanging tube bundle of second-order phase transistion thermal storage device, and then is heated
The second phase-change material in second-order phase transistion thermal storage device can choose the conducts such as inorganic salts, metal alloy class according to steam parameter
Phase-change material.Phase-change material in first order phase change thermal storage device and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device can be the same or different.Saturation is steamed
Vapour, which is condensed, to be flowed back in steam storage tank.When the steam pressure in heat reservoir reaches setting value, charging process terminates.
Exothermic process: the inlet valve of steam off, the water and the vapor space of heat reservoir are in a confined space, close
Close the mixture in space for saturated water and saturated vapor.By gravity, saturated vapor is in the top of heat reservoir, i.e., and two
In second heat-exchanging tube bundle of grade phase-change heat storage device and the upper segment space of steam storage tank, saturated water are located at the lower part of steam storage tank
In first heat-exchanging tube bundle of space and first order phase change thermal storage device.The steam (vapor) outlet valve for opening exothermic process, in vapor pressure differential
Under the action of, saturated vapor can be flowed out by steam (vapor) outlet valve in heat reservoir.Due to the space of saturated vapor and saturated water
Be it is closed, the outflow of saturated vapor causes in entire space steam pressure to reduce, so that saturated water flashes, continually
Generation saturated vapor.Saturated water flash distillation is that the process of saturated vapor releases the latent heat of vaporization.Temperature constantly reduces saturated vapor
Convective Heat Transfer occurs when flowing through second-order phase transistion thermal storage device heat-exchanging tube bundle, the phase-change material in second-order phase transistion thermal storage device undergoes liquid
The process that the reduction of state temperature, solidification and solid temperature reduce, releases heating saturated vapor for the heat of storage.Heat reservoir
The temperature of middle saturated water constantly reduces, and the saturated water stored in the first heat-exchanging tube bundle in first order phase change thermal storage device is to phase-change material
With cooling effect, so that the phase-change material experience liquid temperature in first order phase change thermal storage device reduces, solidification and solid temperature are dropped
Low process.
It is an advantage of the invention that making full use of gravity, phase-change material heat accumulation process and the steam in heat reservoir are coagulated
Knot and flash process organically combine, while the heat-exchanging tube bundle in phase-change heat storage device being connected to steam storage tank, and the closing of formation is empty
Between for storing saturated vapor and saturated water, to reduce the volume of steam storage tank.First order phase change thermal storage device and second-order phase transistion storage
The application of hot device can further increase heat storage capacity, reduce the volume of steam storage tank.
The present invention be suitable for fill heat and exothermic process heat-transfer fluid be water/steam system, solar energy high temperature heat generate electricity,
The fields such as solar energy medium temperature steam boiler, steam waste heat application have broad application prospects.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 present invention configures the compound thermal storage device schematic diagram of a steam storage tank；
Fig. 2 present invention configures the compound thermal storage device schematic diagram of two steam storage tanks；
Fig. 3 heat-exchanging tube bundle of the present invention is the phase-change heat storage device schematic diagram of rib heat exchanging pipe；
Fig. 4 heat-exchanging tube bundle of the present invention is the phase-change heat storage device schematic diagram of snakelike heat exchange tube；
In figure: 1 charging process steam distributor, 2 first order phase change thermal storage devices, 3 steam storage tanks, 3 ' steam storage tanks, 4 second level phases
Change heat reservoir, 5 exothermic process steam headers, 6 micro- superheated steams, 7 charging process valves, 8 saturated waters, 9 first heat-exchanging tube bundles,
10 first phase-change materials, 11 vapor, 12 second heat-exchanging tube bundles, 13 second phase-change materials, 14 exothermic process valves, 15 heat releases
Journey steam, 16 gas-liquid interfaces, 17 radiating fins, 18 snakelike heat exchange tubes.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the compound thermal storage device of the present invention is by charging process steam distributor 1, first order phase change thermal storage device 2, steam
Storage tank 3, second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4, exothermic process steam header 5, charging process valve 7, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9, the first phase
Become material 10, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12 and the second phase-change material 13 and is sequentially arranged composition from bottom to top.First order phase change thermal storage device 2
In heat reservoir bottom, steam storage tank 3 is located in the middle part of heat reservoir, and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4 is located at the top of heat reservoir.Level-one
It is connected between 2 lower part of top first order phase change thermal storage device of phase-change heat storage device 2 using the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9, first order phase change thermal storage device 2
It is connected to by the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9；The second heat-exchanging tube bundle is used between 4 bottom of 3 top of steam storage tank and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device
12 connections, first order phase change thermal storage device 2 are connected to second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4 by the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12.First heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 passes through
First order phase change thermal storage device 2 is worn, the top of the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 is embedded in steam storage tank 3, and the lower part of the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 is buried
It is placed in charging process steam distributor 1, the first phase-change material 10 is located in first order phase change thermal storage device 2, the first phase-change material 10
For heat accumulatings such as inorganic salts, metal alloy classes.First phase-change material 10 riddles the outer wall and level-one of the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9
In the gap that the cavity of phase-change heat storage device 2 surrounds.Second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12 runs through second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle
12 lower part is embedded in steam storage tank 3, and the top of the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12 is embedded in exothermic process steam header 5, the
Two phase-change materials 13 are located in second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4, and the second phase-change material 13 is the heat accumulations materials such as inorganic salts, metal alloy class
Material.Second phase-change material 13 riddles in the gap that 12 outer wall of the second heat-exchanging tube bundle and 4 cavity of second-order phase transistion thermal storage device surround.It fills
Thermal process valve 7 is located at the entrance of charging process steam distributor 1, and exothermic process valve 14 is located at exothermic process steam header
5 outlet.
When the compound heat reservoir of the present invention fills heat, micro- superheated steam 6 flows into charging process steam by charging process valve 7
In distributor 1, micro- superheated steam 6 dissolves in the saturated water 8 in charging process steam distributor 1, saturated water 8 is heated, simultaneously
The liquid level of saturated water 8 rises, and the saturated water 8 of rising is in the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 of first order phase change thermal storage device 2 slowly to upstream
It is dynamic, the first phase-change material 10 in first order phase change thermal storage device 2 is transferred heat in flow process.Not due to micro- superheated steam 6
Disconnected injection, so that the water capacity of entire heat reservoir constantly increases, the pressure in heat reservoir is constantly increased, in steam storage tank 3
11 temperature of vapor also constantly increase.The raised vapor 11 of temperature flows up into inside second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4
In second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12, the second phase-change material 13 in second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4 is transferred heat in flow process, when
When corresponding lower than steam pressure in the heat reservoir saturation temperature of the temperature of two phase-change materials 13, vapor 11 is cooled, condensation
For condensed water, condensed water is flowed back in steam storage tank 3 along the inner wall of the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12 by gravity.When the second phase-change material
When 13 temperature saturation temperature corresponding with steam pressure in heat reservoir is close, between vapor 11 and the second phase-change material 13
Vapor 11 can not be cooled to condensed water by heat exchange amount very little, and vapor 11 is then trapped in the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12, with steaming
Vapour storage tank 3 collectively forms the vapor space of this heat reservoir.
Exothermic process is a process for saturated vapor spontaneous evaporation, opposite with charging process.The compound heat reservoir of the present invention is put
When hot, charging process valve 7 is closed, opens exothermic process valve 14, keeps steam pressure in the compound heat reservoir of the present invention high
Space in the exterior space pressure that exothermic process valve 14 connects with a steam pressure lower than steam pressure in thermal storage device,
Under the action of pressure difference, spontaneous evaporation phenomenon occurs for the saturated vapor being stored in heat reservoir, constantly evaporates saturated vapor 11, on
The saturated vapor 11 risen slowly flows up in the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12 in second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4, inhales in flow process
The heat from the second phase-change material 13 in second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4 is received, after vapor 11 flows into exothermic process steam header 5
It is flowed out by exothermic process valve 14, forms exothermic process steam 15.Gas-liquid interface 16 in steam storage tank 3 is 8 He of saturated water
The interface of vapor 11, the gas-liquid interface 16 keep moving up and down in filling heat and exothermic process.As steam is constantly from putting
Thermal process valve 14 exports, and the vapor space in heat reservoir is gradually increased, and hydrospace is gradually reduced, saturated water and saturated vapor
11 pressure and temperature constantly reduces, so that the saturated water temperature in first order phase change thermal storage device 2 in first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 is lower than
Heat is passed to saturated water by the wall surface of the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 by the temperature of the first phase-change material 10, the first phase-change material 10,
The heat of storage is constantly discharged.
Illustrate the embodiment of a set of phase change material device two steam storage tanks in parallel below with reference to Fig. 2.
Heat reservoir proposed by the present invention can multiple steam storage tanks 3 in parallel be sequentially arranged from bottom to top by taking Fig. 2 as an example
There are charging process steam distributor 1, first order phase change thermal storage device 2, steam storage tank 3, steam storage tank 3 ', second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4 is put
Thermal process steam header 5, charging process valve 7, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9, the first phase-change material 10,12 and of the second heat-exchanging tube bundle
Second phase-change material 13.First heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 runs through first order phase change thermal storage device 2, and the top of the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 is embedded in respectively
In steam storage tank 3 and steam storage tank 3 ', the lower part of the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 is embedded in charging process steam distributor 1, the first phase
Become material 10 to be located in first order phase change thermal storage device 2, the first phase-change material 10 riddles 9 outer wall of the first heat-exchanging tube bundle and first order phase change
In the gap that 2 cavity of thermal storage device surrounds.Second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12 is under second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12
Portion is embedded in steam storage tank 3 and steam storage tank 3 ', and the top of the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12 is embedded in exothermic process steam header 5
In, the second phase-change material 13 is located in second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4, and the second phase-change material 13 riddles 12 outer wall of the second heat-exchanging tube bundle
In the gap surrounded with 4 cavity of phase-change heat storage device.Charging process valve 7 is located at the entrance of charging process steam distributor 1, heat release
Process valve 14 is located at the outlet of exothermic process steam header 5.
When heat reservoir proposed by the present invention carries out filling heat, micro- superheated steam 6 fills hot mistake by the inflow of charging process valve 7
In journey steam distributor 1, micro- superheated steam 6 dissolves in the saturated water 8 in charging process steam distributor 1, and saturated water 8 is added
Heat, while the liquid level of saturated water 8 rises, the saturated water 8 of rising is slow in the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 of first order phase change thermal storage device 2
It flows up, the first phase-change material 10 in first order phase change thermal storage device 2 is transferred heat in flow process.Since micro- overheat is steamed
Vapour 6 constantly injects, so that the water capacity of entire heat reservoir constantly increases, the pressure in system is constantly increased, 3 He of steam storage tank
11 temperature of vapor in steam storage tank 3 ' also constantly increases.The raised vapor 11 of temperature flows up into second-order phase transistion storage
In the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12 inside hot device 4, the second phase transformation in second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4 is transferred heat in flow process
Material 13, when the temperature of the second phase-change material 13 saturation temperature corresponding lower than steam pressure in system, vapor 11 is cold
But, it is condensed into condensed water, condensed water flows back to steam storage tank 3 and steam storage tank by gravity along the inner wall of the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12
In 3 '.When the temperature of the second phase-change material 13 saturation temperature corresponding with steam pressure in system is close, vapor 11 and
Vapor 11, can not be cooled to condensed water by the two heat exchange amount very littles of phase-change material 13, and vapor 11 is then trapped in second and changes
In heat pipe bundle 12, the vapor space of this heat reservoir is collectively formed with steam storage tank 3 and steam storage tank 3 '.
Exothermic process is a process for saturated vapor spontaneous evaporation, opposite with charging process.The compound thermal storage device of the present invention carries out
When heat release, charging process valve 7 is closed, opens exothermic process valve 14, keeps steam pressure in the compound thermal storage device of the present invention high
In the exterior space pressure that exothermic process valve 14 connects, under the action of pressure difference, the saturated vapor in thermal storage device occurs from steaming
It was found that as constantly evaporating saturated vapor 11, second heat-exchanging tube bundle of the saturated vapor 11 of rising in second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4
It is slowly flowed up in 12, the heat of second phase-change material 13 out of second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4, vapor is absorbed in flow process
11 flow into after exothermic process steam header 5 through the outflow of exothermic process valve 14, form exothermic process steam 15.Steam storage tank
3 and steam storage tank 3 ' in gas-liquid interface 16 be saturated water 8 and vapor 11 interface, fill heat and exothermic process in keep
It moves up and down.Continuous with steam exports from valve 14, and the headroom in heat reservoir is gradually increased, and hydrospace gradually subtracts
Small, the pressure and temperature of saturated water and saturated vapor constantly reduces, so that the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 in first order phase change thermal storage device 2
In saturated water temperature be lower than the first phase-change material 10 temperature, the first phase-change material 10 by heat pass through the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9
Wall surface pass to saturated water, the heat of storage is constantly discharged.
Steam storage tank 3 and steam storage tank 3 ' in Fig. 2 can be used in parallel, can also be by arranging corresponding regulator control system
Isolated operation.A set of first order phase change thermal storage device 2 and the storage of a set of second-order phase transistion can be shared using two or more steam storage tanks
Hot device 4.Since the steam storage tank cost of large capacity is higher, can be stored up in this way by the low capacity steam of multiple advantage of lower cost
The storage of large capacity steam is realized in tank parallel connection.
Fig. 3 is the phase-change heat storage device schematic diagram that heat exchanger tube is rib heat exchanging pipe, Fig. 1 and first order phase change shown in Fig. 2 storage
On the outer tube wall of the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 in hot device 2, on the outer tube wall of the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12 in second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4
Mountable to have the radiating fins such as aciculiform, cylindricality or bar shaped 17, the purpose is to increase the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 and the first phase-change material
10, the contact area between the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12 and the second phase-change material 13 improves first order phase change thermal storage device 2 or second-order phase transistion storage
Hot device 4 fills the rate of heat transfer of heat and exothermic process.
Fig. 4 is the phase-change heat storage device schematic diagram that heat exchanger tube is serpentine arrangement, and Fig. 1 and first order phase change shown in Fig. 2 are stored up
Hot device 2 and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4 substitute the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 and the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12, Ke Yizeng with snakelike heat exchange tube 18
Add the contact area between the first heat-exchanging tube bundle 9 and the first phase-change material 10, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle 12 and the second phase-change material 13, mentions
High first order phase change thermal storage device 2 or second-order phase transistion thermal storage device 4 fill the rate of heat transfer of heat and exothermic process.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of compound heat reservoir with two-stage phase change material device and steam storage tank, it is characterised in that: the high temperature
Heat reservoir includes first order phase change thermal storage device (2), steam storage tank (3) and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4)；First order phase change thermal storage device
(2), steam storage tank (3) and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4) are arranged in the way of from bottom to top: first order phase change thermal storage device (2) position
In heat reservoir bottom, steam storage tank (3) is located at middle part, and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4) is located at top；First order phase change thermal storage device
(2) it is connected between top and steam storage tank (3) lower part using the first heat-exchanging tube bundle (9), steam storage tank (3) top and second level phase
It is connected between change heat reservoir (4) bottom using the second heat-exchanging tube bundle (12).
2. compound heat reservoir according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: under the first order phase change thermal storage device (2)
Portion is connect by connecting line with charging process steam distributor (1)；Charging process valve (7) is located at the distribution of charging process steam
The inlet of device (1), for adjusting the flow for filling hot steam；Second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4) top is equipped with exothermic process steam
Manifold (5), exothermic process valve (14) and connecting line；The top of second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4) passes through connecting line and puts
Thermal process steam header (5) connection, exothermic process valve (14) are located at the exit of exothermic process steam header (5), use
In the steam flow of regulation exothermic process；First order phase change thermal storage device (2) and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4) bury heat exchanger tube in being all made of
The arrangement of beam formula, being embedded in the first heat-exchanging tube bundle (9) in first order phase change thermal storage device (2) is saturated water, is embedded in two
It is saturated vapor in the second heat-exchanging tube bundle (12) of grade phase-change heat storage device (4)；First order phase change thermal storage device (2) and steam storage tank (3)
Between be connected to by the second heat-exchanging tube bundle (9), by the first heat exchanger tube between steam storage tank (3) and second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4)
Beam (12) connection collectively forms saturated vapor space and saturation hydrospace, heat-exchanging tube bundle and steam storage tank pressure-bearing having the same
Ability.
3. compound heat reservoir according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the first heat-exchanging tube bundle (9) runs through described one
Grade phase-change heat storage device (2), the top of the first heat-exchanging tube bundle (9) is embedded in steam storage tank (3), under the first heat-exchanging tube bundle (9)
Portion is embedded in charging process steam distributor (1)；First phase-change material (10) is located in first order phase change thermal storage device (2), and first
Phase-change material (10) riddles in the gap that the outer wall of the first heat-exchanging tube bundle (9) and the cavity of first order phase change reservoir (2) surround；The
Two heat-exchanging tube bundles (12) run through the second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4), and the lower part of the second heat-exchanging tube bundle (12) is embedded in steam storage
In tank (3), the top of the second heat-exchanging tube bundle (12) is embedded in exothermic process steam header (5), the second phase-change material (13)
In second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4), the second phase-change material (13) riddles the outer wall and the second phase of the second heat-exchanging tube bundle (12)
In the gap that change heat reservoir (4) cavity surrounds.
4. compound heat reservoir according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the second of the first order phase change thermal storage device (2)
Heat-exchanging tube bundle (12) outer tube wall, second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4) the second heat-exchanging tube bundle (12) outer tube wall on aciculiform, column are installed
Shape or bar shaped radiating fin (17).
5. compound heat reservoir described in -3 any one according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heat reservoir fills
When hot, micro- superheated steam (6) is flowed into charging process steam distributor (1) by charging process valve (7), micro- superheated steam
(6) it dissolves in the saturated water (8) in charging process steam distributor (1), saturated water (8) is heated, while the liquid of saturated water (8)
Position rises, and the saturated water (8) of rising flows up in the first heat-exchanging tube bundle (9) of first order phase change thermal storage device (2), flow process
In transfer heat to the first phase-change material (10) in first order phase change thermal storage device (2)；Since micro- superheated steam (6) is constantly infused
Enter, so that the water capacity of entire heat reservoir constantly increases, the pressure in heat reservoir is constantly increased, in steam storage tank (3)
Vapor (11) temperature also constantly increases；The raised vapor of temperature (11) flows up into second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4)
The second heat-exchanging tube bundle (12) in, the second phase-change material in second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4) is transferred heat in flow process
(13)；When the temperature of the second phase-change material (13) saturation temperature corresponding lower than steam pressure in heat reservoir, vapor
(11) it is cooled, is condensed into condensed water, condensed water flows back to steam storage tank by gravity along the inner wall of the second heat-exchanging tube bundle (12)
(3) in；When the temperature of the second phase-change material (13) saturation temperature corresponding with steam pressure in heat reservoir is close, vapor
(11) vapor (11) can not be cooled to condensed water, vapor by the heat exchange amount very little between the second phase-change material (13)
(11) it is then trapped in the second heat-exchanging tube bundle (12), the headroom of this heat reservoir is collectively formed with steam storage tank (3).
6. compound heat reservoir described in -3 any one according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heat reservoir is put
It when hot, closes charging process valve (7), opens exothermic process valve (14), keep steam pressure in the compound heat reservoir
It is full in the compound heat reservoir under the action of pressure difference higher than the exterior space pressure of exothermic process valve (14) connection
It with steam generation spontaneous evaporation phenomenon, constantly evaporates saturated vapor (11), the saturated vapor (11) of rising is in second-order phase transistion
It flows up in the second heat-exchanging tube bundle (12) in thermal storage device (4), is absorbed the out of second-order phase transistion thermal storage device (4) in flow process
The heat of two phase-change materials (13), vapor (11) flow into exothermic process steam header (5) and pass through exothermic process valve afterwards
(14) it flows out, is formed exothermic process steam (15)；Gas-liquid interface (16) in steam storage tank (3) is saturated water (8) and vapor
(11) interface, gas-liquid interface (16) holding in filling heat and exothermic process in steam storage tank (3) move up and down；With steaming
Vapour is constantly exported from exothermic process valve (14), and the vapor space in heat reservoir is gradually increased, and hydrospace is gradually reduced, and is satisfied
It is constantly reduced with the pressure and temperature of water and saturated vapor, so that full in the first heat-exchanging tube bundle (9) in level-one thermal storage device (2)
It is lower than the temperature of the first phase-change material (10) with coolant-temperature gage, heat is passed through the first heat-exchanging tube bundle (9) by the first phase-change material (10)
Wall surface pass to saturated water, the heat of storage is constantly discharged.
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