CN109405426B - Safe explosion-proof system and safe explosion-proof method of sodium hydrosulfite dryer - Google Patents
Safe explosion-proof system and safe explosion-proof method of sodium hydrosulfite dryer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109405426B CN109405426B CN201811652650.9A CN201811652650A CN109405426B CN 109405426 B CN109405426 B CN 109405426B CN 201811652650 A CN201811652650 A CN 201811652650A CN 109405426 B CN109405426 B CN 109405426B
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- pressure
- vacuum system
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- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000032767 Device breakage Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- NRAJAPRKUXEZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-L S(=O)([O-])S(=O)[O-].[Na+].C(=O)O.[Na+] Chemical compound S(=O)([O-])S(=O)[O-].[Na+].C(=O)O.[Na+] NRAJAPRKUXEZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010413 mother solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/041—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum for drying flowable materials, e.g. suspensions, bulk goods, in a continuous operation, e.g. with locks or other air tight arrangements for charging/discharging
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/64—Thiosulfates; Dithionites; Polythionates
- C01B17/66—Dithionites or hydrosulfites (S2O42-)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
- F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
- F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
- F26B11/0445—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis having conductive heating arrangements, e.g. heated drum wall
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/10—Heating arrangements using tubes or passages containing heated fluids, e.g. acting as radiative elements; Closed-loop systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/009—Alarm systems; Safety sytems, e.g. preventing fire and explosions
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A safe explosion-proof system of a sodium hydrosulfite dryer and a safe explosion-proof method thereof comprise a dryer body, a vacuum tube outside the dryer body and a vacuum system pipeline, wherein the vacuum tube is connected and communicated; the vacuum shaft is provided with a vacuum shaft safety valve and/or a vacuum shaft rupture disk safety device, a buffer tank or gas-solid collecting device is connected in series between the vacuum pipe and a vacuum system pipeline, the vacuum system pipeline is provided with an inert gas inlet and a vacuum outlet, and the vacuum system pipeline is also provided with a control valve and/or a vacuum system safety valve and a vacuum system rupture disk safety device; the control valve, the vacuum system safety valve and the vacuum system rupture disk safety device are connected to the safety azimuth discharge device through respective output pipelines. The invention adopts multiple protection measures inside and outside the sodium hydrosulfite dryer, prevents the high-pressure explosion of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer, protects the life safety of operators, avoids the damage of equipment property, greatly improves the safety performance of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer, and realizes the normal production and operation of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer.
Description
Technical field:
the invention relates to the technical field of chemical machinery, in particular to a safe explosion-proof system and a safe explosion-proof method of a sodium hydrosulfite dryer.
Background
Sodium hydrosulfite, a basic inorganic chemical raw material, is mainly used as a printing and dyeing auxiliary agent, a papermaking bleaching agent, a medical intermediate, a clay bleaching agent, a food additive and the like.
The main production methods of sodium formate method, zinc powder method, sodium borohydride method, etc. The dominant process in the world is the sodium formate sodium hydrosulfite production process.
The method for producing the solid sodium hydrosulfite in factories comprises the following steps: in the mixed solution of methanol and water in a reactor, various raw materials react to generate sodium hydrosulfite suspension, and the suspension is put into a dryer for filtering, washing and drying, and the finished sodium hydrosulfite is obtained after the drying is finished. Usually, the filtration, methanol washing and drying of the sodium hydrosulfite are realized by the same equipment. This multi-function device is referred to as a "four-in-one" device and is still referred to herein as a dust dryer because the primary function of the multi-function device is to perform a drying function. The dryer is operated by a fixed shaft about which 360 degrees of rotation are performed.
The specific drying process of the sodium hydrosulfite comprises the following steps: after the sodium hydrosulfite suspension after the reaction is finished enters the sodium hydrosulfite dryer through a hose and a feed inlet, the feed valve is closed, the inert gas inlet valve is opened, inert gas is introduced into the dryer through the inert gas inlet, and the sodium hydrosulfite suspension is subjected to pressure filtration. After the liquid in the suspension is filtered by the filter plate, the filtrate is discharged into a filtrate storage tank from a filtrate outlet through a filtrate pipe. After the filtration is completed, the inert gas inlet valve is closed, the feeding valve is opened, washing methanol is put into the dryer through the feeding port, after the washing methanol with the specified process quantity is added, the feeding valve is closed, the inert gas inlet valve is opened again, inert gas is introduced into the dryer through the inert gas inlet, and the sodium hydrosulfite is washed. The washed methanol is filtered by the filter plate and then discharged into a washed methanol storage tank from a filtrate outlet through a filtrate pipe. After washing is completed, the hose connected with the feed inlet is disconnected, and then a vacuum valve is opened to vacuumize the dryer. The air in the drier is discharged to the vacuum direction through the vacuum shaft and the vacuum tube and the vacuum outlet. After the vacuum specified by the process is achieved in the dryer, a matched motor of the dryer is started, and the dryer is driven to rotate for 360 degrees through a large shaft gear. And then hot water is introduced into the dryer through the cold and hot water inlet and outlet valves to heat and dry the sodium hydrosulfite. The hot water passes through the cold and hot water coils, coil water outlet pipes, and is discharged from the cold and hot water outlets. And after the drying is finished, the hot water which is introduced into the dryer is closed, and cooling water is introduced into the dryer to cool the sodium hydrosulfite. Cooling water enters from the cold water inlet and the hot water outlet, passes through the cold water coil pipe and the coil pipe water outlet pipe and is discharged from the cold water outlet and the hot water outlet. And after cooling is finished, the power supply of the motor matched with the dryer is disconnected, and the rotation of the dryer is stopped. Closing the vacuum valve, opening the inert gas inlet valve, closing the inert gas inlet valve after the pressure in the dryer is normal pressure, opening the manhole cover, closing the manhole cover after sodium carbonate and the like are added into the dryer through the manhole, starting a matched motor of the dryer, and rotating the dryer to fully mix the added sodium carbonate and the like with the sodium hydrosulfite. After the mixing is completed, stopping the matched motor of the dryer, opening the manhole cover, and taking out the finished sodium hydrosulfite from the manhole opening.
The vacuum shaft of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer is provided with a plurality of small holes according to the requirement, and the small holes are wrapped by filter cloth before use so as to prevent sodium hydrosulfite from flowing into filtrate through the small holes in the filtering and methanol washing processes.
If the sodium hydrosulfite meets water, the sodium hydrosulfite can be decomposed and emit heat. The decomposition products of the sodium hydrosulfite include sulfur dioxide and sodium thiosulfate, and the sodium thiosulfate is a catalyst for the decomposition of the sodium hydrosulfite. At the same time, the higher the temperature, the faster the decomposition of the strongpoint, even in the absence of catalyst. Therefore, in the process of producing the strongback, it is necessary to suppress the decomposition reaction of the strongback. In general, by controlling the operating conditions, the decomposition reaction is controllable, and does not lead to safety production accidents.
In addition, if the sodium hydrosulfite is washed by using methanol, the sodium hydrosulfite is not sufficiently washed, so that water in the mother solution is sufficiently taken away along with the washing liquid, and the water content of the sodium hydrosulfite is higher before drying; or, when the sodium hydrosulfite dryer fails, if leakage occurs, hot water (or cooling water) in a heating (or cooling) jacket or a coil pipe leaks into the dryer, after the sodium hydrosulfite encounters a small amount of water, the decomposition of the sodium hydrosulfite is gradually accelerated, and the generation amount of sulfur dioxide gas is gradually increased, so that the vacuum degree in the dryer is reduced. The temperature in the dryer can also be gradually increased due to the decomposition and heat release of the sodium hydrosulfite, so that the decomposition speed of the sodium hydrosulfite is increased. Under the condition, if timely detection is carried out, the temperature is quickly reduced, and timely treatment is carried out, so that the occurrence of safety accidents can be avoided.
However, if production abnormality is not found in time for various reasons, even if the decomposition reaction of the sodium hydrosulfite is uncontrollable by cooling down until the later, a large amount of sulfur dioxide is generated as a decomposition product of the sodium hydrosulfite, the pressure in the dryer will be rapidly increased, and explosion accidents may occur in the dryer when the pressure exceeds the bearing pressure of the dryer. At home and abroad, the safety accidents of casualties caused by explosion occur too much. The dryer is the place where the explosion accident is most likely to happen to the sodium hydrosulfite manufacturing enterprises.
In order to prevent explosion accidents of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer under abnormal production conditions, a common method is to additionally install a rupture disk safety device on a dryer body, and the pressure is relieved to the external environment directly during explosion pressure relief.
The disadvantages of such explosion-proof devices are:
1. the desicator rotates 360 degrees during operation, and during blasting pressure release, its pressure release direction is 360 degrees external environment pressure release too, and impulsive force is big during the pressure release, and its impulsive force still probably causes personnel and property's secondary accident to take place.
2. In some cases, the pressure rise in the dryer is rapid due to the small pressure relief area of the rupture disk, sometimes resulting in a manhole cover of the dryer weighing hundreds of kilograms being flushed several tens of meters to hundreds of meters away. If the punched manhole cover just impacts people or other equipment, secondary accidents such as casualties or property loss of people can be caused.
3. When the rupture disk is depressurized, a large amount of sulfur dioxide is flushed out to the surrounding environment of the dryer, and the difficulty is brought to accident handling.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the safety explosion-proof system of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer and the safety explosion-proof method thereof are provided, multiple protection measures inside and outside the sodium hydrosulfite dryer are adopted, high-pressure explosion of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer is prevented, life safety of operators is protected, damage to equipment property is avoided, safety performance of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer is greatly improved, and normal production operation of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer is realized. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the safe explosion-proof system of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer comprises a dryer body, a vacuum pipe and a vacuum system pipeline, wherein the vacuum pipe and the vacuum system pipeline are arranged outside the dryer body; the vacuum shaft is provided with a vacuum shaft safety valve and/or a vacuum shaft rupture disk safety device, a buffer tank or gas-solid collecting device is connected in series between the vacuum pipe and a vacuum system pipeline, the vacuum system pipeline is provided with an inert gas inlet and a vacuum outlet, and the vacuum system pipeline is also provided with a control valve and/or a vacuum system safety valve and a vacuum system rupture disk safety device; the control valve, the vacuum system safety valve and the vacuum system rupture disk safety device are connected to the safety azimuth discharge device through respective output pipelines.
In the technical scheme, the number of the vacuum shaft safety valve and/or the number of the vacuum shaft rupture disk safety devices is one or more, and the number of the vacuum system safety valve and the number of the vacuum system rupture disk safety devices are one or more.
In the technical scheme, the control valve comprises an automatic control valve and a manual control valve.
In the above technical scheme, the gas-solid collecting device comprises a cyclone separator.
In the technical scheme, the vacuum outlet is provided with a vacuum valve, and the inert gas inlet is provided with an inert gas inlet valve.
In the above technical solution, the safety azimuth discharging device comprises a high-altitude discharging pipe.
In the above technical scheme, temperature sensor and pressure sensor are installed in the desicator body, and temperature sensor and pressure sensor's signal output electricity is connected automatically controlled device, and automatically controlled valve is connected electrically to automatically controlled device's control signal output.
A safe explosion-proof method adopting the safe explosion-proof system of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer comprises the following steps:
(1) One or more vacuum shaft safety valves and/or vacuum shaft rupture disk safety devices are additionally arranged on a vacuum shaft in the inner cavity of the dryer body, when the inner cavity of the dryer body works abnormally and the pressure and temperature rise cannot be controlled, the safety valves are opened and/or the rupture disk bursts, the pressure in the inner cavity of the dryer body is decompressed into the vacuum shaft through the vacuum shaft safety valves and/or the vacuum shaft rupture disk safety devices, and high-pressure gas decompressed into the vacuum shaft is discharged and decompressed outwards through a vacuum communicating pipe, a vacuum pipe and a vacuum system pipeline, so that personal and property safety accidents caused by the decompression of the explosion of the dryer body to the surrounding are prevented;
(2) A buffer tank or a gas-solid collecting device is additionally arranged between a vacuum pipe connected and communicated with a vacuum communicating pipe on the dryer body and a vacuum system pipeline, because once a safety valve of a vacuum shaft in an inner cavity of the dryer body is opened and/or a rupture disc safety device is exploded, sodium hydrosulfite in the inner cavity of the dryer body enters the vacuum pipe along with high-pressure gas, the sodium hydrosulfite can be collected by additionally arranging the buffer tank or the gas-solid collecting device, and the situation that the vacuum pipe and the vacuum system pipeline are blocked by the sodium hydrosulfite and cannot be vacuumized or decompressed and explosion-proof is avoided;
(3) A safety device is arranged on a vacuum system pipeline outside the dryer body: when the inner cavity of the dryer body works abnormally and the pressure rises and the pressure of a pipeline of the vacuum system rises, the pressure is relieved through one or more safety devices, so that multi-position multi-level pressure relief and explosion protection safety is realized; the manual control valve, the automatic control valve, the vacuum system safety valve and the vacuum system rupture disk safety device are respectively connected to the high-altitude discharge pipe through respective output pipelines, so that the damage to the surrounding environment and personnel during the pressure relief of high-pressure gas is avoided;
(4) A temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in the dryer body, the signal output of the temperature sensor and the signal output of the pressure sensor are electrically connected with an electric control device, and the control signal output of the electric control device is electrically connected with an automatic control valve; when the inner cavity of the drier body works abnormally, the temperature and/or the pressure rise exceeds the standard, the exceeding signals of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are connected with the electric control device, the electric control device converts the exceeding sensor signals into digital signals in an analog-to-digital mode, the digital signals are compared with the temperature standard value and the pressure standard value preset in the electric control device, the output control signals are connected to the automatic control valve, and the automatic control valve is opened for pressure relief and safety protection.
The invention has the substantial characteristics and obvious effects that:
a rupture disk safety device is arranged on a vacuum shaft in an inner cavity of a powder dryer body, and a rupture disk safety device, a safety valve, a manual control valve, an automatic control valve, a buffer tank or a gas-solid separator and a high-altitude discharge pipe are arranged on a vacuum system pipeline outside the dryer. When the sodium hydrosulfite dryer works normally, the pressure is negative pressure, and the internal pressure of the dryer is increased and the vacuum degree is reduced due to decomposition of sodium hydrosulfite, so that the vacuum degree on an external vacuum system pipeline is also reduced. After the positive pressure appears in the external vacuum pipeline, the sulfur dioxide gas decomposed by all the sodium hydrosulfite cannot be pumped by the vacuum pump at the moment, the vacuum pump continues, the dryer is likely to have explosion accidents, if an operator finds in time, the manual control valve can be opened to directly empty the high-pressure gas to the safe direction through the high-altitude discharge pipe, meanwhile, the emergency treatment system of the dryer is started to treat the sodium hydrosulfite in the dryer, the heating of the dryer is stopped, the dryer is cooled, and the dryer is stopped in an emergency way until the process is controllable and safe and guaranteed, and a manhole cover is opened to take out the sodium hydrosulfite in the dryer. If the automatic control valve is adopted, the automatic control valve can carry out interlocking control with an online pressure system of the dryer, a cold and hot water inlet valve of the dryer, an online vacuum pressure detection system outside the dryer, a motor for supplying the cold and hot water pump of the dryer, a dryer alarm system and the like, and control logic is set to enable the automatic control valve to automatically identify accident conditions and adopt an automatic accident handling scheme for treatment. When the internal pressure continuously rises and reaches the set bursting pressure of the bursting disc on the vacuum shaft in the dryer, the bursting disc safety device bursts, and a large amount of pressure gas is discharged to a vacuum system pipeline through the vacuum shaft. Once the pressure on the external vacuum line rises to a certain extent, the safety valve jumps at the set pressure, the rupture disc safety device bursts at the set pressure, and the high-pressure gas is discharged to the high-altitude discharge pipe. Under the condition that the pressure of the system in the dryer is rapidly released, the pressure in the dryer system is reduced, so that possible dryer explosion accidents are avoided.
The invention adopts multiple protection measures, greatly improves the safety performance of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer, and effectively protects the life safety of staff and the equipment safety of sodium hydrosulfite production enterprises.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a portion of the structure of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-dryer body, 2-feed inlet, 3-vacuum communicating pipe, 4-pressure relief safety device, 5-hot and cold water pipe, 6-manhole cover, 7-filtrate outlet, 8-filter board, 9-vacuum shaft, 10-vacuum pipe, 11-vacuum shaft rupture disk safety device, 12-vacuum system pipeline, 13-buffer tank, 14-inert gas inlet, 15-inert gas inlet valve, 16-vacuum outlet, 17-vacuum valve, 18-manual control valve, 19-safety valve, 20-automatic control valve, 21-vacuum system rupture disk safety device, 22-output pipeline, 23-high-altitude discharge pipe, 24-hot and cold water inlet and outlet, 25-coil water outlet pipe, 26-filtrate pipe, 27-filtrate valve.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the safety explosion-proof system of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer comprises a dryer body, a vacuum pipe and a vacuum system pipeline, wherein the vacuum pipe and the vacuum system pipeline are arranged outside the dryer body; the vacuum shaft is provided with a vacuum shaft safety valve and/or a vacuum shaft rupture disk safety device, a buffer tank or gas-solid collecting equipment is connected in series between the vacuum pipe and a vacuum system pipeline, and the vacuum system pipeline is provided with an inert gas inlet, a vacuum outlet, a control valve, a vacuum system safety valve and a vacuum system rupture disk safety device; the control valve, the vacuum system safety valve and the vacuum system rupture disk safety device are connected to the safety azimuth discharge device through respective output pipelines; the vacuum shaft safety valve and/or the vacuum shaft rupture disk safety device are/is one or more, and the vacuum system safety valve and the vacuum system rupture disk safety device are/is one or more; the control valve comprises an automatic control valve and a manual control valve; the gas-solid collecting device comprises a cyclone separator; the vacuum outlet is provided with a vacuum valve, and the inert gas inlet is provided with an inert gas inlet valve; the safety azimuth discharging device comprises a high-altitude discharging pipe; the dryer is characterized in that a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in the dryer body, signal outputs of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are electrically connected with an electric control device, and control signal outputs of the electric control device are electrically connected with an automatic control valve.
The safe explosion-proof method adopting the safe explosion-proof system of the sodium hydrosulfite dryer comprises the following steps:
(1) One or more vacuum shaft safety valves and/or vacuum shaft rupture disk safety devices are additionally arranged on a vacuum shaft in the inner cavity of the dryer body, when the inner cavity of the dryer body works abnormally and the pressure and temperature rise cannot be controlled, the safety valves are opened and/or the rupture disk bursts, the pressure in the inner cavity of the dryer body is released into the vacuum shaft through the vacuum shaft safety valves and/or the vacuum shaft rupture disk safety devices, and high-pressure gas released into the vacuum shaft is discharged and released outwards through a re-vacuum communicating pipe, a vacuum pipe and a vacuum system pipeline, so that personal and property safety accidents caused by explosion and pressure release of the dryer body to the surrounding are prevented;
(2) A buffer tank or a gas-solid collecting device is additionally arranged between a vacuum pipe connected and communicated with a vacuum communicating pipe on the dryer body and a vacuum system pipeline, because once a safety valve of a vacuum shaft in an inner cavity of the dryer body is opened and/or a rupture disc safety device is exploded, sodium hydrosulfite in the inner cavity of the dryer body enters the vacuum pipe along with high-pressure gas, the sodium hydrosulfite can be collected by additionally arranging the buffer tank or the gas-solid collecting device, and the situation that the vacuum pipe and the vacuum system pipeline are blocked by the sodium hydrosulfite and cannot be vacuumized or decompressed and explosion-proof is avoided;
(3) A safety device is arranged on a vacuum system pipeline outside the dryer body: the vacuum outlet, the manual control valve, the automatic control valve, the vacuum system safety valve and the vacuum system rupture disk safety device are used for pressure relief through one or more safety devices when the inner cavity of the dryer body works abnormally and the pressure rises and causes the pressure rise of a pipeline of the vacuum system, so that multi-position multi-level pressure relief and explosion protection are realized; the manual control valve, the automatic control valve, the vacuum system safety valve and the vacuum system rupture disk safety device are respectively connected to the high-altitude discharge pipe through respective output pipelines, so that the damage to the surrounding environment and personnel during the pressure relief of high-pressure gas is avoided;
(4) A temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in the dryer body, the signal output of the temperature sensor and the signal output of the pressure sensor are electrically connected with an electric control device, and the control signal output of the electric control device is electrically connected with an automatic control valve; when the inner cavity of the drier body works abnormally, the temperature and/or the pressure rise exceeds the standard, the exceeding signals of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are connected with the electric control device, the electric control device converts the exceeding sensor signals into digital signals in an analog-to-digital mode, the digital signals are compared with the temperature standard value and the pressure standard value preset in the electric control device, the output control signals are connected to the automatic control valve, and the automatic control valve is opened for pressure relief and safety protection.
Claims (1)
1. The safe explosion-proof method of adopting safe explosion-proof system of the safe powder dryer, the safe explosion-proof system of the safe powder dryer includes the dryer body and vacuum tube and vacuum system pipeline outside the dryer body, install feed inlet, vacuum communicating tube, pressure relief safety device, cold and hot water coil, manhole cover and filtrate outlet on the dryer body, install filter plate and vacuum shaft in the body cavity of the dryer, the said vacuum shaft is connected with one end of the vacuum communicating tube, the other end of the vacuum communicating tube is connected with vacuum tube outside the dryer body and communicates; the vacuum shaft is provided with a vacuum shaft safety valve and/or a vacuum shaft rupture disk safety device, a buffer tank or gas-solid collecting device is connected in series between the vacuum pipe and a vacuum system pipeline, the vacuum system pipeline is provided with an inert gas inlet and a vacuum outlet, and the vacuum system pipeline is also provided with a control valve and/or a vacuum system safety valve and a vacuum system rupture disk safety device; the control valve, the vacuum system safety valve and the vacuum system rupture disk safety device are connected to the safety azimuth discharge device through respective output pipelines;
the method is characterized in that: the safe explosion-proof method comprises the following steps:
(1) One or more vacuum shaft safety valves and/or vacuum shaft rupture disk safety devices are additionally arranged on a vacuum shaft in the inner cavity of the dryer body, when the inner cavity of the dryer body works abnormally and the pressure and temperature rise cannot be controlled, the safety valves are opened and/or the rupture disk bursts, the pressure in the inner cavity of the dryer body is decompressed into the vacuum shaft through the vacuum shaft safety valves and/or the vacuum shaft rupture disk safety devices, and high-pressure gas decompressed into the vacuum shaft is discharged and decompressed outwards through a vacuum communicating pipe, a vacuum pipe and a vacuum system pipeline, so that personal and property safety accidents caused by the decompression of the explosion of the dryer body to the surrounding are prevented;
(2) A buffer tank or a gas-solid collecting device is additionally arranged between a vacuum pipe connected and communicated with a vacuum communicating pipe on the dryer body and a vacuum system pipeline, because once a safety valve of a vacuum shaft in an inner cavity of the dryer body is opened and/or a rupture disc safety device is exploded, sodium hydrosulfite in the inner cavity of the dryer body enters the vacuum pipe along with high-pressure gas, the sodium hydrosulfite can be collected by additionally arranging the buffer tank or the gas-solid collecting device, and the situation that the vacuum pipe and the vacuum system pipeline are blocked by the sodium hydrosulfite and cannot be vacuumized or decompressed and explosion-proof is avoided;
(3) A safety device is arranged on a vacuum system pipeline outside the dryer body: when the inner cavity of the dryer body works abnormally and the pressure rises and the pressure of a pipeline of the vacuum system rises, the pressure is relieved through one or more safety devices, so that multi-position multi-level pressure relief and explosion protection safety is realized; the manual control valve, the automatic control valve, the vacuum system safety valve and the vacuum system rupture disk safety device are respectively connected to the high-altitude discharge pipe through respective output pipelines, so that the damage to the surrounding environment and personnel during the pressure relief of high-pressure gas is avoided;
(4) A temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in the dryer body, the signal output of the temperature sensor and the signal output of the pressure sensor are electrically connected with an electric control device, and the control signal output of the electric control device is electrically connected with an automatic control valve; when the inner cavity of the drier body works abnormally, the temperature and/or the pressure rise exceeds the standard, the exceeding signals of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are connected with the electric control device, the electric control device converts the exceeding sensor signals into digital signals in an analog-to-digital mode, the digital signals are compared with the temperature standard value and the pressure standard value preset in the electric control device, the output control signals are connected to the automatic control valve, and the automatic control valve is opened for pressure relief and safety protection.
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