CN109403301A - A kind of measuring method of water and soil conservation loss function - Google Patents
A kind of measuring method of water and soil conservation loss function Download PDFInfo
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- CN109403301A CN109403301A CN201811107065.0A CN201811107065A CN109403301A CN 109403301 A CN109403301 A CN 109403301A CN 201811107065 A CN201811107065 A CN 201811107065A CN 109403301 A CN109403301 A CN 109403301A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
- E02D1/027—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating properties relating to fluids in the soil, e.g. pore-water pressure, permeability
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/08—Investigation of foundation soil in situ after finishing the foundation structure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measuring methods of water and soil conservation loss function, by being measured to the construction land before Engineering Project Construction construction and after building up, and the technical specification followed Engineering Project Construction is inquired, and the area S of i-th kind of original underlying surface type is obtainediThe area S ' of rear underlying surface type is built up with kth kindkAnd their corresponding rainfall runoff coefficient ψiWith rainfall runoff coefficient ψ 'kTo calculate water storage water retaining function loss late P, original water loss ratio B and build up rear water loss ratio B ', they can be as the index of water and soil conservation loss function, quantitative determines Engineering Project Construction water storage water retaining function extent of damage caused by construction land, and determine: after Engineering Project Construction is built up, whether the water storage water retaining function of construction land has restored, water and soil conservation function control index is proposed for production construction project prevention and control of soil erosion, provides the foundation of a quantification to pay water and soil conservation compensation in accordance with the law.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring methods of water and soil conservation loss function.
Background technique
Law of soil and water conservation clearly proposes production and construction project or production and construction activity, disturbs earth's surface, and damage water and soil conservation is set
It applies, landforms vegetation, its original water and soil conservation function cannot be restored, Ying Yifa pays water and soil conservation compensation.Currently, how really
Determine engineering construction original place looks water and soil conservation function, and how to identify whether restored original place looks water and soil conservation function after engineering is built up
Energy? at present there is no water and soil conservation loss function index and its calculation methods.
Wherein, as follows about above-mentioned soil erosion, water and soil conservation, water loss, the concept of water and soil conservation function and intension:
The legal definition of water and soil conservation refer to the prevention for causing soil erosion to be taken natural cause and human activity and
Control measures.Soil erosion refers to that under the natural forces such as waterpower, wind-force, gravity and freeze thawing and function of human activities, water and soil provides
The destruction and loss in source and Land capability, including the erosion of soil surface layer and the loss of water.Soil erosion includes land resource
Destruction and loss, the destruction of water resource and loss, the destruction of Land capability and loss.It is produced about land resource and soil
The destruction and loss of power, for production and construction project, planning construction land character is exactly the soil that soil social property determines
The utilization of resources, construction activity do not cause the destruction and damage of land resource and fertility within the scope of planning construction land used
It loses.Water resource is destroyed and loss refers to rainwater or snowmelt greater than soil infiltration intensity due to gravity and along Erosion on sloping field
Phenomenon hardens earth's surface within the scope of planning construction land used for production and construction project, and rainwash is caused to increase, infiltrate and subtract
It is few, cause block water conservation water-holding capacity in original place to reduce.Especially for city, region earth's surface is largely hardened, rainfall runoff coefficient
Increase, Rainfall Infiltration is few, and runoff is more, causes former city water cycle to destroy, underground water cannot be fed, " meet rain must flood " shows
As.Currently, the water and soil conservation of production and construction project is all to be lost to carry out around prevention and treatment " soil ", it is not directed to the stream of " water "
It loses.
Water and soil conservation function refer to soil and water conservation facility, landforms vegetation play or contain be conducive to protect water and soil resources,
The effect of prevent and reduce natural disasters, improve ecology, promote social progress etc..National soil and water conservation regionalization determines the big base of water and soil conservation ten
Plinth function be water conservation, check winds and fix drifting sand, soil conservation, water storage water conservation, farmland protection, water quality maintenance, ecological maintenance, taking precautions against natural calamities subtracts
Calamity, sediment trapping subtract husky, living environment's maintenance.For production and construction project, build original place looks vegetation in area and can after building up
Can restore water and soil conservation function mainly there is water storage water conservation, soil protection, ecological maintenance and sediment trapping to subtract sand etc., be attributed to " soil " and
" water " two aspect.Currently, not there is the index for protecting " water " in water and soil conservation function；About the index for protecting " soil " in water and soil conservation function
There are soil losses to control ratio, index value is compared in soil losses control in existing work progress and after completion in national standard.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: a kind of measuring method of water and soil conservation loss function is provided, to solve
The water and soil conservation loss function as caused by Engineering Project Construction is difficult to the problem of measuring.
Above-mentioned technical problem is solved, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of measuring method of water and soil conservation loss function, it is characterised in that: the measuring method includes:
Step 1: being measured to the construction land before Engineering Project Construction construction, wrapped with obtaining the construction land
The area of the quantity n of the original underlying surface type contained and each original underlying surface type, wherein n is positive integer,
The area of i-th kind of original underlying surface type is denoted as Si, 1≤i≤n；
Step 2: the construction land after building up to Engineering Project Construction is measured, wrapped with obtaining the construction land
The quantity m for building up rear underlying surface type contained and the area that rear underlying surface type is built up described in each, wherein m is positive whole
Number, is denoted as S ' for the area for building up rear underlying surface type described in kth kindk, 1≤k≤m；
Step 3: according to the technical specification that the Engineering Project Construction is followed, inquiry determine each it is described it is original under
Pad face type rainfall runoff coefficient corresponding with rear underlying surface type is built up described in each, and by i-th kind of original underlay
Type corresponding rainfall runoff coefficient in face is denoted as ψi, the corresponding rainfall runoff coefficient of rear underlying surface type will be built up described in kth kind
It is denoted as ψ 'k；
Step 4: one calculating original rainfall runoff coefficient integrated value according to the following equationAnd it two counts according to the following equation
Rear rainfall runoff coefficient integrated value is built up in calculation
Step 5: three, formula four and formula five calculate the construction land and are built by the engineering project according to the following equation
Water storage water retaining function loss late P caused by if:
In formula, A indicates original water storage water retaining function, and rear water storage water retaining function is built up in A ' expression.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention: the measuring method further include:
Step 6: six calculating initial condition of the construction land before Engineering Project Construction construction according to the following equation
Loss seven calculates the construction lands water after building up after the Engineering Project Construction is built up and damages than B, and according to the following equation
It loses than B ':
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention: the measuring method further include:
Step 7: judge whether to meet P≤0 and B '≤B, as judging result be it is yes, then determine: being built in the engineering project
If after building up, the water storage water retaining function of the construction land has restored；As judging result be it is no, then determine: in the engineering item
After mesh is built up, the water storage water retaining function of the construction land does not restore.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
First, the present invention is by being measured the construction land before Engineering Project Construction construction and after building up and right
The technical specification that Engineering Project Construction is followed is inquired, and the area S of i-th kind of original underlying surface type is obtainediIt is built with kth kind
At the area S ' of rear underlying surface typekAnd their corresponding rainfall runoff coefficient ψiWith rainfall runoff coefficient ψ 'k, in terms of
Water storage water retaining function loss late P is calculated, thus, the present invention can be using water storage water retaining function loss late P as water and soil conservation function
The index of loss, quantitative determines Engineering Project Construction water storage water retaining function extent of damage caused by construction land, it may be assumed that stores
Water water retaining function loss late P is smaller, shows that the loss of water storage water retaining function caused by Engineering Project Construction is smaller, on the contrary then bigger.
Second, the present invention, can be with original water loss by calculating original water loss ratio B and building up rear water loss ratio B '
Than B and index of the rear water loss ratio B ' as construction land water loss degree is built up, the quantitative construction land that determines exists respectively
Water loss situation before and after Engineering Project Construction, it may be assumed that original water loss ratio B and to build up rear water loss ratio B ' smaller shows ground
Block runoff is small, it is big to infiltrate, water storage water retaining function is better, conversely, then showing that plot runoff is big, infiltrating that small, water storage water retaining function is poor.
Third, the present invention pass through and judge whether to meet P≤0 and B '≤B, can determine: after Engineering Project Construction is built up,
Whether the water storage water retaining function of construction land has restored, and proposes water and soil conservation function for production construction project prevention and control of soil erosion
Con trolling index provides the foundation of a quantification to pay water and soil conservation compensation in accordance with the law.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment one
Disclosed by the invention is a kind of measuring method of water and soil conservation loss function, comprising:
Step 1: being measured to the construction land before Engineering Project Construction construction, wrapped with obtaining the construction land
The area of the quantity n of the original underlying surface type contained and each original underlying surface type, wherein n is positive integer,
The area of i-th kind of original underlying surface type is denoted as Si, 1≤i≤n, the areas of whole original underlying surface types of n kind it
WithThe gross area of the i.e. described construction land；
Step 2: the construction land after building up to Engineering Project Construction is measured, wrapped with obtaining the construction land
The quantity m for building up rear underlying surface type contained and the area that rear underlying surface type is built up described in each, wherein m is positive whole
Number, is denoted as S ' for the area for building up rear underlying surface type described in kth kindk, 1≤k≤m, whole m kinds build up rear underlying surface type
The sum of areaThe gross area of the i.e. described construction land；
Wherein, the present invention can be implemented before Engineering Project Construction is constructed, then step 2 is base to the measurement of construction land
It is carried out in the engineering design data of Engineering Project Construction；The present invention can also be implemented after Engineering Project Construction is built up, then walked
Rapid two pairs build up after construction land carry out practical measurement.
Step 3: according to the technical specification that the Engineering Project Construction is followed, inquiry determine each it is described it is original under
Pad face type rainfall runoff coefficient corresponding with rear underlying surface type is built up described in each, and by i-th kind of original underlay
Type corresponding rainfall runoff coefficient in face is denoted as ψi, the corresponding rainfall runoff coefficient of rear underlying surface type will be built up described in kth kind
It is denoted as ψ 'k；
Wherein, the technical specification that the Engineering Project Construction is followed can be " building and cell rainwater utilization project skill
Art specification " the existing technical specification such as (GB50400-2006) or " Code for design of building water supply and sewerage " (GB50015-2009).
Wherein, above-mentioned original underlying surface type and build up rear underlying surface type include hard roofing, non-paver flat roof deck,
The floor slabs such as asphalt roofing, flat roof deck, green roof, concrete and the bituminous pavement of paver, block stone, dry-brick, stone and
The underlying surfaces types such as macadam pavement, the non-soil surface paved, greenery patches, the water surface, hypogee earthing greenery patches.Moreover, for technology
Define the underlying surface type of rainfall runoff coefficient value range in specification, the present invention can within the limits prescribed any value and
The present invention is not influenced to the measurement result of water and soil conservation loss function, such as: for green roof, it is defined in technical specification
The value range of rainfall runoff coefficient is between 0.3 to 0.4, then: it is green roof that rear underlying surface type is built up described in kth kind
In the case of, corresponding rainfall runoff coefficient ψ 'kCan between 0.3 to 0.4 any value.
Step 4: one calculating original rainfall runoff coefficient integrated value according to the following equationAnd it two counts according to the following equation
Rear rainfall runoff coefficient integrated value is built up in calculation
Step 5: three, formula four and formula five calculate the construction land and are built by the engineering project according to the following equation
Water storage water retaining function loss late P caused by if:
In formula, A indicates original water storage water retaining function, and rear water storage water retaining function is built up in A ' expression.
To learn that Engineering Project Construction causes construction land by the size of water storage water retaining function loss late P
The water storage water retaining function extent of damage, it may be assumed that water storage water retaining function loss late P is smaller, shows water storage caused by Engineering Project Construction
Water retaining function loss is smaller, on the contrary then bigger.
Wherein, the meaning representated by above-mentioned water storage water retaining function loss late P, that is, formula five, is described as follows:
Water storage water retaining function refer to soil and water conservation facility in certain region, landforms vegetation play or contain water storage water conservation
Effect.The loss of Engineering Project Construction water storage water retaining function refers to construction action attacks soil and water conservation facility, original place looks vegetation institute
The water storage water retention for playing or containing.Water storage water retaining function can be reduced to rainfall infiltration function, using rainfall runoff coefficient meter
It acquires.Rainfall runoff coefficient is the ratio between the runoff volume that rainfall generates in setting time and gross rainfall.To a specific item
Mesh is built for area, and causing the loss of construction area original place looks water storage water retaining function is exactly the comprehensive rainfall in place caused by surface sealing
The increase of runoff coefficient can pass through the loss of the quantitative original place looks water storage water retaining function of variation of rainfall runoff coefficient.
Therefore, the present invention indicates that construction disturbance causes original place looks water storage water retaining function to damage with water storage water retaining function loss late P
Mistake degree is calculated by above-mentioned formula five.The loss of water storage water retaining function accounts for original place after water storage water retaining function loss late refers to disturbance
The percentage of looks water storage water retaining function, value is smaller to show that water storage water retaining function loss caused by engineering is built up is smaller, otherwise bigger.
Embodiment two
On the basis of the above embodiment 1, the present embodiment two additionally uses following preferred embodiment:
The measuring method further include:
Step 6: six calculating initial condition of the construction land before Engineering Project Construction construction according to the following equation
Loss seven calculates the construction lands water after building up after the Engineering Project Construction is built up and damages than B, and according to the following equation
It loses than B ':
To learn that respectively construction land exists by original water loss ratio B and the size for building up rear water loss ratio B '
Water loss situation before and after Engineering Project Construction, it may be assumed that original water loss ratio B and to build up rear water loss ratio B ' smaller shows ground
Block runoff is small, it is big to infiltrate, water storage water retaining function is better, conversely, then showing that plot runoff is big, infiltrating that small, water storage water retaining function is poor.
Wherein, about above-mentioned original water loss ratio B, that is, formula six and building up representated by rear water loss ratio B ' i.e. formula seven
Meaning is described as follows:
It is defined according to water loss, the numerical value of water loss is reduced to the ratio for the total rainfall of rainwater Zhan being lost along ground, can
The numerical value of water loss is directly expressed as with rainfall runoff factor v.Water loss than for water loss in plot and the ratio that infiltrates,
On the contrary ratio is smaller to be shown that plot runoff is small, infiltrates that big, water storage water retaining function is better, then show that plot runoff is big, it is small to infiltrate, storage
Water water retaining function is poor.
Embodiment three
On the basis of above-described embodiment two, the present embodiment three additionally uses following preferred embodiment:
The measuring method further include:
Step 7: judge whether to meet P≤0 and B '≤B, as judging result be it is yes, then determine: being built in the engineering project
If after building up, the water storage water retaining function of the construction land has restored；As judging result be it is no, then determine: in the engineering item
After mesh is built up, the water storage water retaining function of the construction land does not restore.To unrecovered for water storage water retaining function to build
If land used, Ying Yifa pays water and soil conservation compensation, and proposes to increase the suggestion for building storing facilities of water.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment, according to above content, according to the ordinary technical knowledge of this field
And customary means, under the premise of not departing from above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the invention, the present invention can also make other diversified forms
Equivalent modifications, replacement or change, all fall among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of measuring method of water and soil conservation loss function, it is characterised in that: the measuring method includes:
Step 1: being measured to the construction land before Engineering Project Construction construction, included to obtain the construction land
The area of the quantity n of original underlying surface type and each original underlying surface type, wherein n is positive integer, by i-th
The area of the kind original underlying surface type is denoted as Si, 1≤i≤n；
Step 2: the construction land after building up to Engineering Project Construction is measured, included to obtain the construction land
It building up the quantity m of rear underlying surface type and builds up the area of rear underlying surface type described in each, wherein m is positive integer,
The area that rear underlying surface type is built up described in kth kind is denoted as S 'k, 1≤k≤m；
Step 3: inquiring according to the technical specification that the Engineering Project Construction is followed and determining each described original underlying surface
Type rainfall runoff coefficient corresponding with rear underlying surface type is built up described in each, and by i-th kind of original underlying surface kind
The corresponding rainfall runoff coefficient of class is denoted as ψi, the corresponding rainfall runoff coefficient of rear underlying surface type will be built up described in kth kind to be denoted as
ψ′k；
Step 4: one calculating original rainfall runoff coefficient integrated value according to the following equationAnd two calculating are built according to the following equation
At rear rainfall runoff coefficient integrated value
Step 5: three, formula four and formula five calculate the construction land and are made by the Engineering Project Construction according to the following equation
At water storage water retaining function loss late P:
In formula, A indicates original water storage water retaining function, and rear water storage water retaining function is built up in A ' expression.
2. the measuring method of water and soil conservation loss function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the measuring method is also
Include:
Step 6: six calculating original water loss of the construction land before Engineering Project Construction construction according to the following equation
Seven the construction lands water loss ratio after building up after the Engineering Project Construction is built up is calculated than B, and according to the following equation
B ':
3. the measuring method of water and soil conservation loss function according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the measuring method is also
Include:
Step 7: judge whether to meet P≤0 and B '≤B, as judging result be it is yes, then determine: being built in the Engineering Project Construction
The water storage water retaining function of Cheng Hou, the construction land have restored；As judging result be it is no, then determine: being built in the engineering project
If after building up, the water storage water retaining function of the construction land does not restore.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110544192A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-06 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | method for estimating river entry load of non-point source pollution in whole year of integrated ballast area |
Citations (1)
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| CN103364532A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-23 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Practical method for quantitatively evaluating conservation quantity of regional water source |
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- 2018-09-21 CN CN201811107065.0A patent/CN109403301B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103364532A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-23 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Practical method for quantitatively evaluating conservation quantity of regional water source |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 张鸿: "开发建设项目水土流失中水损失的预测", 《中国水土保持》 * |
| 马玉增等: "山岳生态环境评价指标体系", 《环境生态》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110544192A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-06 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | method for estimating river entry load of non-point source pollution in whole year of integrated ballast area |
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