CN109400512A - It is a kind of for improving the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent of carotenoid extraction efficiency - Google Patents
It is a kind of for improving the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent of carotenoid extraction efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- C07C403/24—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by six-membered non-aromatic rings, e.g. beta-carotene
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of for improving the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent of carotenoid extraction efficiency, is made of by weight the following raw material: 2 parts of lactobacillus bacterium powder ties up plain 45 parts of enzyme, 45 parts of pectase, 6 parts of protease, 2 parts of antioxidant.Wherein, lactobacillus bacterium powder includes one of Lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus fermenti, Lactobacillus helveticus, lactobacillus paracasei, lactobacillus plantarum or a variety of.Enzyme preparation includes one of cellulase, pectase, protease or a variety of.Antioxidant includes one of natural VE, dl- alpha-tocopherol, dl- alpha-tocopherol acetate or a variety of.The extraction efficiency that carotenoids compound (predominantly lutein ester and zeaxanthin ester) is extracted from marigold flower can be improved in fresh marigold flower inorganic agent provided by the invention.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of biotechnology, and in particular to a kind of food safety that carotenoid extraction efficiency can be improved
Grade fresh marigold flower inorganic agent and the method for extracting carotenoid in marigold using the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent.
Background technique
Marigold (Tagetes erecta L) is composite family Tagetes annual herb plant.Capitulum Dan Sheng；Tongue
Shape Hua Huangse or dark is orange；Tubular flower corolla yellow.The month at florescence 7-9.
Lutein ester (1.5-2.9 ‰, W/DW) rich in marigold flower.Lutein ester can after extraction and saponification
Form free xanthophyll.The key technology that lutein is prepared from marigold flower is lutein ester extraction.The marigold flower middle period
Flavine ester is present in the organelle in petal cell.The film of cell wall and organelle hinders extraction solvent and lutein ester
Contact, leads to the low of extraction efficiency.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of for improving carotenoid extraction efficiency
Fresh marigold flower inorganic agent, the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent can be used for improving the extraction efficiency of carotenoid in marigold.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of for improving the fresh marigold flower of carotenoid extraction efficiency
Inorganic agent is made of by weight the following raw material: 2 parts of lactobacillus bacterium powder, tie up plain 45 parts of enzyme, 45 parts of pectase, 6 parts of protease,
2 parts of antioxidant.
Wherein, the lactobacillus bacterium powder include Lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus fermenti, Lactobacillus helveticus, lactobacillus paracasei,
One of lactobacillus plantarum or multiple combinations in any proportion；Wherein, wherein the total number of bacterial colonies of Lactobacillus casei is
109-1013Cfu/g, lactobacillus fermenti total number of bacterial colonies be 109-1013Cfu/g, Lactobacillus helveticus total number of bacterial colonies
It is 109-1013Cfu/g, lactobacillus paracasei total number of bacterial colonies be 109-1013The bacterial clump of cfu/g, lactobacillus plantarum
Sum is 109-1013cfu/g。
Wherein, the cellulase is the cellulase of Aspergillus niger origin, the cellulase of Li Shi Trichoderma source, green wood
One of the cellulase in mould source or multiple combinations in any proportion；Wherein, the work of the cellulase of Aspergillus niger origin
Property is 104-106The activity of the cellulase of U/g, Li Shi Trichoderma source is 104-106U/g, Trichoderma viride source cellulase
Activity be 104-106U/g。
Wherein, the pectase is the pectase of Aspergillus niger origin, one of the pectase in Rhizopus oryzae source or to appoint
Two kinds of combinations of what ratio；Wherein, the activity of the pectase of Aspergillus niger origin is 104-106U/g, Rhizopus oryzae source pectase
Activity be 104-106U/g。
Wherein, the protease is the protease in pawpaw source, the protease in bacillus licheniformis source, Aspergillus niger origin
Protease, the protease in bacillus subtilis source, one of the protease in aspergillus oryzae source or in any proportion more
Kind combination；Wherein, the activity of the protease in pawpaw source is 104-106U/g, bacillus licheniformis source protease activity
It is 104-106U/g, Aspergillus niger origin protease activity be 104-106U/g, bacillus subtilis source protease work
Property is 104-106U/g, aspergillus oryzae source protease activity be 104-106U/g。
Wherein, the antioxidant includes natural VE, dl- alpha-tocopherol, one in dl- alpha-tocopherol acetate
Kind or multiple combinations in any proportion.
The present invention also provides the methods of Carotenoids extraction, include the following steps:
1) above-mentioned fresh marigold flower inorganic agent is dissolved in the sucrose water of 3w/w% concentration, is placed at room temperature for 3 hours, wherein
Fresh marigold flower inorganic agent and the amount ratio of sucrose water are 1g:0.3L；
2) fresh marigold flower inorganic agent is uniformly sprayed on fresh marigold flower surface according to the dosage of 6mL/kg, be compacted, it is close
Envelope causes anaerobic environment, ferments 12 days, controls 15-45 DEG C of temperature；
3) tunning pH value is measured, behind pH≤3.2, extrusion dehydration, 60 DEG C of heated-air dryings 30 minutes to water content≤
16%, obtain processed dried marigold flower；
In fermentation process, microorganism produces acid, and the tunning pH upper limit is 3.2.
4) n-hexane is added according to the amount that n-hexane 3-5L is added in 1kg in dried marigold flower, static extracting 30 divides at room temperature
Clock collects extract liquor；
5) vacuum rotating drying instrument is used, concentrated extract is to no distillate under the conditions of 45 DEG C, -0.06MPa, 30rpm.
Fresh marigold flower inorganic agent provided by the invention belong to it is a kind of for handling the special product of fresh marigold flower, by
(1) microorganism, (2) enzyme preparation and (3) antioxidant three parts form.The main purpose used is to improve to extract from marigold flower
The extraction efficiency for taking carotenoids compound (predominantly lutein ester and zeaxanthin ester), using provided by the invention ten thousand
Longevity chrysanthemum fresh flower inorganic agent can make extraction carotenoids compound extraction efficiency in marigold flower improve 40%.
Its mechanism of action includes:
(1) group synthase (including cellulase, pectase and protease) degradation Petal cell to the maximum extent is applied
Wall, cell membrane and intracellular carotenoid-protein complex make between carotenoid molecule and extraction solvent molecule
Reach maximum contact, to improve extraction efficiency.
(2) simultaneously, using enzymolysis product, the fermentation of acid-producing microorganisms is carried out, reduces the pH value of system.It is broken in eucaryotic cell structure
After bad, effectively inhibit the growth of other microorganisms.
(3) in above process, using antioxidant of the free radical as the mechanism of action is quenched, class is reduced to the maximum extent
The loss of carrotene.
The advantages and benefits of the present invention are:
(1) carotenoids compound in marigold flower is made using fresh marigold flower inorganic agent provided in the present invention
The extraction efficiency of (predominantly lutein ester and zeaxanthin ester) effectively increases 40%.
(2) all constitutive materials are aliment security level product.
Detailed description of the invention
Figure 1A is the UV-VIS spectrogram of the inorganic agent group handled in the embodiment of the present invention 1 through fresh marigold flower inorganic agent.
Figure 1B is the UV-VIS spectrogram of the control group without the processing of fresh marigold flower inorganic agent in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2A is that the present invention implements the total carotenoids of inorganic agent group extract handled in 1 using fresh marigold flower inorganic agent
Cellulose content result figure.
Fig. 2 B is the total carotenoids of control group extract without the processing of fresh marigold flower inorganic agent in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Cellulose content result figure.
Fig. 3 A is the UV-VIS spectrogram of the inorganic agent group handled in the embodiment of the present invention 1 through fresh marigold flower inorganic agent.
Fig. 3 B is the UV-VIS spectrogram of the control group without the processing of fresh marigold flower inorganic agent in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 A is that the present invention implements the total carotenoids of inorganic agent group extract handled in 1 using fresh marigold flower inorganic agent
Cellulose content result figure.
Fig. 4 B is the total carotenoids of control group extract without the processing of fresh marigold flower inorganic agent in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Cellulose content result figure.
Specific embodiment
Bacterium provided by the present invention, enzyme, the use standard of antioxidant are as follows:
(1) lactobacillus (Lactobacillus) acid-producing microorganisms bacterium powder.Strain is detailed in following table:
(2) enzyme preparation:
(3) antioxidant
| Type | Standard |
| Natural VE | QB 2483-2000 food additives natural VE |
| Dl- alpha-tocopherol | GB 29942-2013 national food safety standard food additives vitamin E |
| Dl- alpha-tocopherol acetate | GB 14756-2010 national food safety standard food additives vitamin E |
Above-mentioned raw materials are commercialized raw materials, as long as meeting above-mentioned standard is used equally for the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Selecting marigold (Tagetes erecta L) fresh flower that lutein ester content is 0.23 ‰ (W/FW) is test sample.
Implementation steps are as follows:
(1) 100 kilograms of fresh marigold flower are picked, is divided into 2 parts, 50 kilograms every part, portion is inorganic agent group, another
For control sample group.
(2) inorganic agent is prepared
It is formulated by table 1 and prepares inorganic agent
1 treatment agent formula of table
Above-mentioned material is mixed according to formula ratio.
(3) it takes 1g inorganic agent to be dissolved in the sucrose water of 300mL 3% (W/W), places 3 hours at room temperature.
(4) processing agent solution is uniformly sprayed on to 50 kilograms of fresh marigold flower surfaces of inorganic agent group.
(5) it is compacted, sealing causes anaerobic condition.
(6) it ferments 12 days, 42 DEG C of temperature is controlled during fermentation.
(7) behind tunning pH≤3.2；
(8) extrusion dehydration.
(9) 60 DEG C of heated-air dryings 30 minutes are to water content≤16%.
(10) measurement obtains 5.4 kilograms of processed dried flowers.
(11) static extracting 30 minutes at room temperature in 20 liters of n-hexanes.
(12) extract liquor I is collected.
(13) 10L vacuum rotating drying instrument is used, concentrated extract to nothing distillates under the conditions of 45 DEG C, -0.06MPa, 30rpm
Object.
(14) weight of concentrate is measured.
(15) total carotinoid content analysis in extract is concentrated
A certain amount of concentrate is taken, the hexane solution of concentrate is prepared, makes solution in the light absorption value of maximum absorption wavelength
Between 0.2 to 0.3.
The absorption spectrum that concentrate hexane solution is measured on ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, in maximum absorption wave
Its light absorption value is measured at long (445nm), according to Lambert-Beer's law, the dense of wherein total carotinoid is calculated according to the following formula
Degree:
X=(A × y)/(A1%1cm × 100) (1)
Wherein:
Total carotinoid quantity (gram) contained in x=sample
The volume (milliliter) of y=sample solution
The light absorption value of A=sample
A1%1cm=absorptivity, for the theoretical absorption of 1% (W/V) concentration solute in the long cuvette of 1 centimeter optical path
Value.Here, adopted value is 2200.
(16) residue is collected.Step (11) to (15) are repeated, the total carotinoid content in extract liquor II, III is measured,
Until the light absorption value of extract liquor is 0, reaches complete extraction, be computed using extractant n-hexane 60L.
(17) step (2) to (16) are pressed, fermentation process is carried out to control sample.Step (2) is replaced extremely with 300mL distilled water
(3) resulting processing agent solution.The total carotinoid content in extract liquor I, II, III, IV and V is measured, until extract liquor
Light absorption value is 0, accomplishes to extract completely, is computed using extractant n-hexane 100L.
(18) inorganic agent is shown in shown in Figure 1A (inorganic agent group) and Figure 1B (control group) with the UV-VIS spectrum for compareing extract.
(19) inorganic agent with compare total carotinoid comparision contents in extract, be detailed in Fig. 2A (inorganic agent group) and Fig. 2 B
Shown in (control group).Wherein, I, II, III and I, II, III, IV, V respectively represent inorganic agent group first pass, second time, third time
Extraction and control sample group first pass, second time, third time, the 4th time, the 5th time extract liquor extracted.
(20) total carotinoid total yield compares
Inorganic agent extract (I+II+III) total carotinoid total yield: 11.43 grams/50 kilograms.
Control extract (I+II+III+IV+V) total carotinoid total yield: 11.07 grams/50 kilograms.
From Fig. 2A as can be seen that under the premise of obtaining identical total carotinoid total yield, the present invention is used to mention
In the group of the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent of confession, by twice extraction just substantially by the carotenoid in fresh marigold flower it is complete
It extracts, third time is then to ensure that carotenoid therein extracts completely really.And as can be seen that with water in Fig. 2 B
In group instead of fresh marigold flower inorganic agent, then need by four times ability substantially by the carotenoid in fresh marigold flower
It extracts completely, is then to ensure that carotenoid therein extracts completely really the 5th time.That is, having used this
Inventing can mention completely the carotenoid in longevity chrysanthemum fresh flower for most three times in the group of the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent provided
It takes out, the control sample group than not using reduces the usage amount of Extraction solvent up to 40%, reduces and extracts total time, is promoted
Extraction efficiency, accordingly also reduces the cost of extraction.
Embodiment 2
Selecting marigold (Tagetes erecta L) fresh flower that luteole ester content is 0.16 ‰ (W/W) is test specimens
Product.Implementation steps are as follows:
(1) 100 kilograms of fresh marigold flower are picked.It is divided into 2 parts.50 kilograms every part.As inorganic agent group, another does portion
For control sample group.
(2) inorganic agent is prepared
It is formulated by table 1 and prepares inorganic agent
1 treatment agent formula of table
Above-mentioned material is mixed according to formula ratio.
(3) 1g inorganic agent is taken to be dissolved in the sucrose water of 300mL3% (W/W).It places 3 hours at room temperature.
(4) processing agent solution is uniformly sprayed on to 50 kilograms of fresh marigold flower surfaces of inorganic agent group.
(5) it is compacted, sealing causes anaerobic condition.
(6) it ferments 12 days.42 DEG C of temperature are controlled during fermentation.
(7) behind tunning pH≤3.2；
(8) extrusion dehydration.
(9) 60 DEG C of heated-air dryings 30 minutes are to water content≤16%.
(10) 5.2 kilograms of processed dried flowers are obtained
(11) static extracting 30 minutes at room temperature in 20 liters of n-hexanes.
(12) extract liquor I is collected.
(13) 10L vacuum rotating drying instrument is used, concentrated extract to nothing distillates under the conditions of 45 DEG C, -0.06MPa, 30rpm
Object.
(14) weight of concentrate is measured.
(15) total carotinoid content analysis in extract is concentrated
A certain amount of concentrate is taken, the hexane solution of concentrate is prepared, makes solution in the light absorption value of maximum absorption wavelength
Between 0.2 to 0.3.
The absorption spectrum that concentrate hexane solution is measured on ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, in maximum absorption wave
Its light absorption value is measured at long (445nm), according to Lambert-Beer's law, the dense of wherein total carotinoid is calculated according to the following formula
Degree:
X=(A × y)/(A1%1cm × 100) (1)
Wherein:
Total carotinoid quantity (gram) contained in x=sample
The volume (milliliter) of y=sample solution
The light absorption value of A=sample
A1%1cm=absorptivity, for the theoretical absorption of 1% (W/V) concentration solute in the long cuvette of 1 centimeter optical path
Value.Here, adopted value is 2200.
(16) residue is collected.Repeat step (11) to (15).Obtain the total carotinoid content in extract liquor II, III.
Until the light absorption value of extract liquor is 0, reaches complete extraction, be computed using extractant n-hexane 60L.
(17) step (2) to (16) are pressed, fermentation process is carried out to control sample.Step (2) is replaced extremely with 300mL distilled water
(3) resulting processing agent solution.The total carotinoid content in extract liquor I, II, III, IV and V is measured, until extract liquor
Light absorption value is 0, accomplishes to extract completely.It is computed and uses extractant n-hexane 100L.Improve extraction efficiency 40%.
(18) inorganic agent is shown in shown in Fig. 3 A (inorganic agent group) and Fig. 3 B (control group) with the UV-VIS spectrum for compareing extract.
(19) inorganic agent with compare extract total carotinoid comparision contents, be detailed in Fig. 4 A (inorganic agent group) and Fig. 4 B
Shown in (control group).Wherein, I, II, III and I, II, III, IV, V respectively represent inorganic agent group first pass, second time, third time
Extraction and control sample group first pass, second time, third time, the 4th time, the 5th time extract liquor extracted.
(20) total carotinoid total yield compares
Inorganic agent extract (I+II+III) total carotinoid total yield: 7.12 grams/50 kilograms.
Control extract (I+II+III+IV+V) total carotinoid total yield: 7.04 grams/50 kilograms.
(19) content shown in saving with (20) is shown: under the premise of acquisition identical total carotinoid total yield, using place
Reason agent can reduce by 40% extractant dosage.That is: extraction efficiency improves 40%.
From Fig. 4 A as can be seen that under the premise of obtaining identical total carotinoid total yield, the present invention is used to mention
In the group of the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent of confession, by twice extraction just substantially by the carotenoid in fresh marigold flower it is complete
It extracts, third time is then to ensure that carotenoid therein extracts completely really.And as can be seen that with water in Fig. 4 B
In group instead of fresh marigold flower inorganic agent, then need by four times ability substantially by the carotenoid in fresh marigold flower
It extracts completely, is then to ensure that carotenoid therein extracts completely really the 5th time.That is, having used this
Inventing can mention completely the carotenoid in longevity chrysanthemum fresh flower for most three times in the group of the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent provided
It takes out, the control sample group than not using reduces the usage amount of Extraction solvent up to 40%, reduces and extracts total time, is promoted
Extraction efficiency, accordingly also reduces the cost of extraction.
From above-described embodiment as can be seen that the present invention provide it is a kind of for improving the marigold of carotenoid extraction efficiency
Fresh flower inorganic agent, and the method for extracting carotenoid in marigold using the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent, can effectively subtract
The dosage of few extractant reduces extraction time up to 40%, promotes extraction efficiency, reduces production cost.
Finally, it should be noted that obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate examples made by the present invention, and is not
Restriction to embodiment.For the professional of fields, other differences can also be made on the basis of the above description
The variation or variation of form.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this aobvious and
The variation or variation being clear to are still in the protection scope of this invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of for improving the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent of carotenoid extraction efficiency, which is characterized in that by the following raw material
Form by weight: 2 parts of lactobacillus bacterium powder ties up plain 45 parts of enzyme, 45 parts of pectase, 6 parts of protease, 2 parts of antioxidant.
2. as described in claim 1 for improving the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent of carotenoid extraction efficiency, feature exists
In the lactobacillus bacterium powder includes Lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus fermenti, Lactobacillus helveticus, lactobacillus paracasei, lactobacillus plantarum
One of or multiple combinations in any proportion；
Wherein, the total number of bacterial colonies of Lactobacillus casei is 109-1013Cfu/g, lactobacillus fermenti total number of bacterial colonies be 109-
1013Cfu/g, Lactobacillus helveticus total number of bacterial colonies be 109-1013Cfu/g, lactobacillus paracasei total number of bacterial colonies be
109-1013Cfu/g, lactobacillus plantarum total number of bacterial colonies be 109-1013cfu/g。
3. as described in claim 1 for improving the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent of carotenoid extraction efficiency, feature exists
In, the cellulase be the cellulase of Aspergillus niger origin, the cellulase of Li Shi Trichoderma source, Trichoderma viride source fibre
Tie up one of plain enzyme or multiple combinations in any proportion；
Wherein, the activity of the cellulase of Aspergillus niger origin is 104-106The activity of the cellulase of U/g, Li Shi Trichoderma source is
104-106U/g, Trichoderma viride source cellulase activity be 104-106U/g。
4. as described in claim 1 for improving the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent of carotenoid extraction efficiency, feature exists
In one of pectase of pectase, Rhizopus oryzae source that, the pectase is Aspergillus niger origin or in any proportion two
Kind combination；
Wherein, the activity of the pectase of Aspergillus niger origin is 104-106U/g, Rhizopus oryzae source pectase activity be 104-
106U/g。
5. as described in claim 1 for improving the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent of carotenoid extraction efficiency, feature exists
In, the protease be the protease in pawpaw source, the protease in bacillus licheniformis source, Aspergillus niger origin protease,
The protease in bacillus subtilis source, aspergillus oryzae source one of protease or multiple combinations in any proportion；
Wherein, the activity of the protease in pawpaw source is 104-106U/g, bacillus licheniformis source the activity of protease be
104-106U/g, Aspergillus niger origin protease activity be 104-106U/g, bacillus subtilis source protease activity
It is 104-106U/g, aspergillus oryzae source protease activity be 104-106U/g。
6. as described in claim 1 for improving the fresh marigold flower inorganic agent of carotenoid extraction efficiency, feature exists
In, the antioxidant include one of natural VE, dl- alpha-tocopherol, dl- alpha-tocopherol acetate or with any
The multiple combinations of ratio.
7. a kind of method that carotenoid extracts in fresh marigold flower, which comprises the steps of:
1) fresh marigold flower inorganic agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 is dissolved in the sucrose water of 3w/w% concentration, room
Temperature is placed 3 hours, and wherein fresh marigold flower inorganic agent and the amount ratio of sucrose water are 1g:0.3L；
2) fresh marigold flower inorganic agent is uniformly sprayed on fresh marigold flower surface according to the dosage of 6mL/kg, be compacted, sealing is made
It at anaerobic environment, ferments 12 days, controls 15-45 DEG C of temperature；
3) tunning pH value is measured, after pH≤3.2, extrusion dehydration, 60 DEG C of heated-air dryings 30 minutes to water content≤16%,
Obtain processed dried marigold flower；
4) n-hexane is added according to the amount that n-hexane 3-5L is added in 1kg in dried marigold flower, static extracting 30 minutes, are received at room temperature
Collect extract liquor；
5) vacuum rotating drying instrument is used, concentrated extract is to no distillate under the conditions of 45 DEG C, -0.06MPa, 30rpm.
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| CN201811358575.5A CN109400512B (en) | 2018-11-15 | 2018-11-15 | Tagetes fresh flower treating agent for improving carotenoid extraction efficiency |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112226479A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-01-15 | 江西邦泰绿色生物合成生态产业园发展有限公司 | Method for improving lutein extraction rate of marigold by using multiple enzymes |
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| CN1903028A (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2007-01-31 | 辽宁省农业科学院食品与加工研究所 | Fresh marigold flower lactic fermentation process |
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| CN112226479A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-01-15 | 江西邦泰绿色生物合成生态产业园发展有限公司 | Method for improving lutein extraction rate of marigold by using multiple enzymes |
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