CN109400194B - Fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composite material antenna housing for W wave band and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composite material antenna housing for W wave band and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109400194B CN109400194B CN201811276712.0A CN201811276712A CN109400194B CN 109400194 B CN109400194 B CN 109400194B CN 201811276712 A CN201811276712 A CN 201811276712A CN 109400194 B CN109400194 B CN 109400194B
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- C04B35/803—
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/14—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
- H01Q1/422—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome comprising two or more layers of dielectric material
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite antenna housing for a W wave band and a preparation method thereof. The quartz fiber reinforced silica composite material is a product formed by performing pre-setting, repeated circulating dipping and drying after rough machining, repeated circulating dipping and drying heat treatment after finish machining, silica sol circulating dipping and ceramic heat treatment on a quartz fiber preform, is made of a quartz fiber reinforced silica composite material, and is applied to a W waveband. The antenna housing has good force, thermal and electrical properties and good appearance quality, the wall thickness of the antenna housing is 2-3mm, the wave transmission rate is greater than 60% through a wave transmission performance test of a W wave band, and the antenna housing made of the material meets the use requirement of the antenna housing W wave band for the first time through static test examination, so that the technical blank in the technical field is filled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an antenna housing, in particular to a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material antenna housing for a W wave band and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the improvement of the guidance precision of the air-to-air missile, the used frequency band is higher and reaches the W wave band, the higher and higher requirements on the electrical property uniformity of the antenna housing are provided, the wall thickness is designed to be thinner and thinner, and the conventional antenna housing preparation process at present cannot meet the electrical property use requirements under the high frequency band.
According to the invention, through the design of weaving parameters of the quartz fiber preform and the optimization of the forming process, the prepared radome made of the quartz fiber composite material has uniform and excellent electrical property, so that the radome made of the material meets the use requirement of a W wave band for the first time, and the technical blank in the technical field is filled.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W-band and a preparation method thereof.
According to one aspect of the invention, the preparation method of the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material antenna housing for the W waveband comprises the following steps:
(1) presetting a quartz fiber preform by adopting a profiling positioning tool, then circularly dipping silica sol, and directly taking out the preform from the silica sol for drying treatment after dipping is finished;
(2) performing circulating dipping and drying treatment on the prefabricated silica sol according to the step (1), and then performing rough machining to obtain an initial antenna housing;
(3) carrying out repeated and cyclic dipping of silica sol on the initial radome, carrying out drying heat treatment after the dipping is finished, and carrying out finish machining to obtain a finish-machined radome;
(4) and (4) carrying out silica sol circulating impregnation on the antenna housing after finish machining, and carrying out ceramic heat treatment after the impregnation is finished to obtain the antenna housing product.
Wherein, the mode that the first densification processing process adopted profile modeling location frock to the preform presetting prevents that the densification process from warping, and follow-up can not have profile modeling location frock to finalize the design. The method is realized by profile modeling of the prefabricated body and non-deformation control in the whole compounding process. The densification treatment process is a process of increasing the bonding amount with the silica sol and improving the overall density by circularly dipping the silica sol.
Further, in the step (1), the quartz fiber preform adopts a 2.5D weaving structure, the used quartz fiber yarn adopts 190Tex or 195Tex, the number of warp and weft strands is 1-2, and 50-80 twists are added in the weaving process.
Further, in the step (1), the preform is treated before being subjected to cyclic impregnation of the silica sol, and the treatment comprises:
and removing the wetting agent on the surface of the quartz fiber preform.
Further, at least one of water boiling and heat treatment is adopted for removing the surface sizing agent of the preform, the combination of the water boiling and the heat treatment is an optimal mode, and impurities introduced in the weaving process are removed by soaking the surface sizing agent of the preform in nitric acid before removing the surface sizing agent of the preform. By removing the surface wetting agent in the raw material of the preform, the binding force between the organic matter and the ceramic material is poor, and the existence of the organic matter can influence the binding force between the preform and the silica sol and influence the densification effect. The heat treatment temperature is 500-800 ℃.
Further, in the steps (1) to (4), the impregnation process adopts a combination of vacuum, vibration and high pressure. The combination of vacuum, vibration and high pressure is the optimal dipping mode, and the dipping process improves the penetration of the silica sol to the inner layer and improves the bonding property of the prefabricated body and the silica sol.
Furthermore, the solid content of the silica sol is 40-60%,
and (3) drying: the preform taken out of the silica sol is firstly subjected to primary drying treatment at the temperature of 120-150 ℃, and then further drying treatment is carried out at the temperature of 50-200 ℃ (preferably 100-150 ℃) until the preform is dried to constant weight.
Further, in the step (2),
repeating the step (1) until the weight gain is less than 2%, and obtaining an antenna housing blank;
and (4) roughly processing the radome blank to obtain an initial radome, and reserving a margin part on a single side of the initial radome.
Further, in the step (3), the solid content of the silica sol is 20-40%, and the drying heat treatment temperature is 200-500 ℃. Preferably 300 ℃ to 400 ℃.
Further, in the step (4),
before the silica sol cyclic impregnation, carrying out acid washing and water washing treatment on the antenna housing;
and (4) circularly dipping the antenna housing subjected to acid washing and water washing by using silica sol. And metal impurities such as Fe are removed through acid washing and water washing treatment, so that the electrical property of the antenna housing is prevented from being influenced by the impurities.
Further, in the step (4), the solid content of the silica sol is 20-40%, the large end of the cover body is subjected to ceramic heat treatment under the support of a quartz ceramic tool with similar profiling thermal expansion coefficient, the deformation of the antenna cover is prevented, and the ceramic heat treatment temperature is 650 plus 800 ℃.
According to another aspect of the invention, the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for the W waveband is a product formed by performing profiling positioning tool presetting, repeated circulating dipping and drying, repeated circulating dipping after rough machining, drying heat treatment, silica sol circulating dipping after finish machining and ceramic heat treatment on a quartz fiber preform, is made of a quartz fiber reinforced silica composite material, and is applied to the W waveband.
The wall thickness of the antenna housing is 2-3 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the preparation method of the W-band fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome, the preform is preformed by a profiling positioning tool according to the final structure of the radome and is made into a shape similar to the final structure, then silica sol is circularly impregnated, the preform is directly taken out of the silica sol for drying treatment after impregnation is completed, the permeation quantity of the silica sol into the preform is improved by adopting a repeated circulating impregnation and drying mode, but a compact layer is easily formed on the outer layer of the preform along with the increase of impregnation times, the permeation speed of the silica sol into the inner layer is greatly reduced, the permeation force is greatly reduced, the internal density of the preform is possibly uneven, the internal ink bottle and other gap conditions are possibly caused, the density of the outer layer of the initial radome is reduced by rough surface layer processing, the permeation force of the silica sol into the internal part is improved until the low-density area of the initial radome is reached, and the surface layer treatment is further carried out through finish machining, so that the penetration force of the silica sol to the interior of the antenna housing is further improved, and the final antenna housing product achieves the optimal densification and density uniformity and has uniform and excellent electrical property.
2. The W-band fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome disclosed by the invention has good force, thermal and electrical properties and good appearance quality, the wall thickness of the radome is 2-3mm, the wave transmission rate is more than 60% through a W-band wave transmission performance test, and the radome made of the material meets the use requirement of the radome W band for the first time through static test examination, so that the technical blank in the technical field is filled.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following embodiments are provided to further explain the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) weaving a quartz fiber preform with a 2.5D weaving structure, wherein the quartz fiber yarn is 190Tex, and the number of warp and weft strands is 1-2; and 50 twists are added in the weaving process;
(2) firstly, soaking in nitric acid to remove impurities introduced in the weaving process, and then removing the surface impregnating compound of the quartz fiber preform by combining water boiling and heat treatment at the temperature of 500-550 ℃;
(3) performing liquid-phase impregnation molding on the quartz fiber preform subjected to the presetting in the step (2) by using high-purity silica sol, wherein the high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 50-55% is adopted for cyclic impregnation in the first-round impregnation, the impregnation process adopts a mode of combining vacuum, vibration and high pressure, the preform is directly taken out from the silica sol for drying after the impregnation is completed, and the quartz fiber preform is subjected to the presetting by using a profiling positioning tool in the first-time densification process to prevent the densification process from deforming;
(4) the temperature is adjusted to 120-150 ℃ in advance in the drying process, so that the surface of the prefabricated body taken out of the silica sol is quickly dried for 10-30min, and then the temperature is adjusted to 80-120 ℃ until the prefabricated body is dried to constant weight;
(5) circularly dipping the silica sol according to the steps (3) and (4) until the weight is increased by less than 2%; obtaining a quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composite material radome blank;
(6) roughly processing a quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composite material radome blank to obtain an initial radome, wherein a margin of 1-2mm is reserved on one side of the radome;
(7) adjusting and repeatedly and circularly dipping the rough-processed product by adopting high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 20-25%, repeating the dipping period for 2-3 times, carrying out drying heat treatment (400-;
(8) performing precision machining on the product subjected to drying heat treatment in the step (7) to obtain a W-band radome (the wall thickness is 2-3 mm);
(9) performing acid washing and water washing on the antenna housing;
(10) carrying out liquid phase impregnation on the antenna housing after acid washing and water washing, adopting high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 20-25% to carry out cyclic impregnation-heat treatment until the required density is reached, wherein the heat treatment process is to prevent the antenna housing from deforming, the big end of the housing is supported by a quartz ceramic tool with similar profiling thermal expansion coefficient, the heat treatment temperature is 650-700 ℃, carrying out ceramic heat treatment on the antenna housing after the impregnation treatment at the temperature, and obtaining the required W-waveband antenna housing, and the impregnation process adopts a mode of combining vacuum, vibration and high pressure.
The embodiment provides a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband, which is a product formed by performing profile modeling positioning tool presetting, repeated circulating dipping and drying, repeated circulating dipping after rough machining, drying and heat treatment, silica sol circulating dipping after finish machining and ceramic heat treatment on a quartz fiber preform, wherein the material is a quartz fiber reinforced silica composite and is applied to the W waveband.
The wall thickness of the antenna housing is 2-3 mm.
Example two:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) weaving a quartz fiber preform with a 2.5D weaving structure, wherein the quartz fiber yarn adopts 190Tex or 195Tex, and the number of warp and weft strands is 1-2; 60 twists are added in the weaving process;
(2) firstly, soaking in nitric acid to remove impurities introduced in the weaving process, and then removing a wetting agent on the surface of the quartz fiber preform by combining water boiling and heat treatment at the temperature of 600 ℃;
(3) performing liquid-phase impregnation molding on the quartz fiber preform subjected to the presetting in the step (2) by using high-purity silica sol, wherein the high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 55% is adopted for cyclic impregnation in the first-round impregnation, the impregnation process adopts a mode of combining vacuum, vibration and high pressure, the preform is directly taken out of the silica sol for drying after the impregnation is completed, and the quartz fiber preform is subjected to the presetting in the first-time densification process by using a profiling positioning tool to prevent the densification process from deforming;
(4) the temperature is adjusted to 120-130 ℃ in advance in the drying process, so that the surface of the prefabricated body taken out of the silica sol is quickly dried for 30min, and then the temperature is adjusted to 200 ℃ until the prefabricated body is dried to constant weight;
(5) circularly dipping the silica sol according to the steps (3) and (4) until the weight is increased by less than 2%; obtaining a quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composite material radome blank;
(6) roughly processing a quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composite material radome blank to obtain an initial radome, wherein a margin of 1-2mm is reserved on one side of the radome;
(7) adjusting and repeatedly and circularly dipping the rough-processed product by adopting high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 30 percent, repeating the dipping period for 2-3 times, carrying out drying heat treatment (200-300 ℃) after the dipping is finished, wherein the dipping process adopts a mode of combining vacuum, vibration and high pressure;
(8) performing precision machining on the product subjected to drying heat treatment in the step (7) to obtain a W-band radome (the wall thickness is 2-3 mm);
(9) performing acid washing and water washing on the antenna housing;
(10) carrying out liquid phase impregnation on the antenna housing after acid washing and water washing, adopting high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 30% to carry out cyclic impregnation-heat treatment until the required density is reached, wherein the heat treatment process is to prevent the antenna housing from deforming, the large end of the housing body is supported by a quartz ceramic tool with similar profiling thermal expansion coefficient, the heat treatment temperature is 750-800 ℃, carrying out ceramic heat treatment on the antenna housing after the impregnation treatment at the temperature, and obtaining the required W-waveband antenna housing, and the impregnation process adopts a mode of combining vacuum, vibration and high pressure.
The embodiment provides a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband, which is a product formed by performing profile modeling positioning tool presetting, repeated circulating dipping and drying, repeated circulating dipping after rough machining, drying and heat treatment, silica sol circulating dipping after finish machining and ceramic heat treatment on a quartz fiber preform, wherein the material is a quartz fiber reinforced silica composite and is applied to the W waveband.
The wall thickness of the antenna housing is 2-3 mm.
Example three:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) weaving a quartz fiber preform with a 2.5D weaving structure, wherein the quartz fiber yarn is 190Tex, and the number of warp and weft strands is 1-2; and 70 twists are added in the weaving process;
(2) firstly, soaking in nitric acid to remove impurities introduced in the weaving process, and then removing a wetting agent on the surface of the quartz fiber preform by combining water boiling and heat treatment at the temperature of 800 ℃;
(3) performing liquid-phase impregnation molding on the quartz fiber preform subjected to the presetting in the step (2) by using high-purity silica sol, wherein the high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 60% is adopted for cyclic impregnation in the first-round impregnation, the impregnation process adopts a mode of combining vacuum, vibration and high pressure, the preform is directly taken out of the silica sol for drying after the impregnation is completed, and the quartz fiber preform is subjected to the presetting in the first-time densification process by using a profiling positioning tool to prevent the densification process from deforming;
(4) the temperature is adjusted to 150 ℃ in advance in the drying process, so that the surface of the prefabricated body taken out of the silica sol is quickly dried for 10-20min, and then the temperature is adjusted to 150 ℃ until the prefabricated body is dried to constant weight;
(5) circularly dipping the silica sol according to the steps (3) and (4) until the weight is increased by less than 2%; obtaining a quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composite material radome blank;
(6) roughly processing a quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composite material radome blank to obtain an initial radome, wherein a margin of 1-2mm is reserved on one side of the radome;
(7) adjusting and repeatedly and circularly dipping the rough-processed product by adopting high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 40%, repeating the dipping period for 2-3 times, carrying out drying heat treatment (500 ℃) after the dipping is finished, wherein the dipping process adopts a mode of combining vacuum, vibration and high pressure;
(8) performing precision machining on the product subjected to drying heat treatment in the step (7) to obtain a W-band radome (the wall thickness is 2-3 mm);
(9) performing acid washing and water washing on the antenna housing;
(10) carrying out liquid phase impregnation on the antenna housing after acid washing and water washing, adopting high-purity silica sol with solid content of 40% to carry out cyclic impregnation-heat treatment until the required density is reached, wherein in the heat treatment process, in order to prevent the antenna housing from deforming, the large end of the housing body is supported by a quartz ceramic tool with similar profiling thermal expansion coefficient, the heat treatment temperature is 800 ℃, carrying out ceramic heat treatment on the antenna housing after the impregnation treatment at the temperature, and obtaining the required W-waveband antenna housing, wherein in the impregnation process, a vacuum, vibration and high-pressure combined mode is adopted.
The embodiment provides a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband, which is a product formed by performing profile modeling positioning tool presetting, repeated circulating dipping and drying, repeated circulating dipping after rough machining, drying and heat treatment, silica sol circulating dipping after finish machining and ceramic heat treatment on a quartz fiber preform, wherein the material is a quartz fiber reinforced silica composite and is applied to the W waveband.
The wall thickness of the antenna housing is 2-3 mm.
Example four:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband, which comprises the following steps:
(1) a quartz fiber preform with a 2.5D weaving structure is adopted, the quartz fiber yarn adopts 195Tex, and the number of warp and weft yarns is 2; and 80 twists are added in the weaving process;
(2) firstly, soaking in nitric acid to remove impurities introduced in the weaving process, and then removing a wetting agent on the surface of the quartz fiber preform in a water boiling mode;
(3) performing liquid-phase dipping molding on the quartz fiber preform subjected to the presetting in the step (2) by using high-purity silica sol, wherein the high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 50% is adopted for cyclic dipping in the first-round dipping process, the dipping process adopts a vacuum and vibration combined mode, the preform is directly taken out of the silica sol for drying after the dipping is completed, and the quartz fiber preform is subjected to the presetting in the first-time densification process by using a profiling positioning tool to prevent the densification process from deforming;
(4) the temperature is adjusted to 130 ℃ in advance in the drying process, so that the surface of the prefabricated body taken out of the silica sol is quickly dried for 20min, and then the temperature is adjusted to 100 ℃ until the prefabricated body is dried to constant weight;
(5) circularly dipping the silica sol according to the steps (3) and (4) until the weight is increased by less than 2%; obtaining a quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composite material radome blank;
(6) roughly processing a quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composite material radome blank to obtain an initial radome, wherein a margin of 1-2mm is reserved on one side of the radome;
(7) adjusting and repeatedly and circularly dipping the rough-processed product by adopting high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 30-35%, repeating the dipping period for 2-3 times, carrying out drying heat treatment (300 ℃) after the dipping is finished, wherein the dipping process adopts a vacuum and vibration combined mode;
(8) performing precision machining on the product subjected to drying heat treatment in the step (7) to obtain a W-band radome (the wall thickness is 2-3 mm);
(9) performing acid washing and water washing on the antenna housing;
(10) carrying out liquid phase impregnation on the antenna housing after acid washing and water washing, adopting high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 30-35% to carry out cyclic impregnation-heat treatment until the required density is reached, wherein the heat treatment process is to prevent the antenna housing from deforming, the big end of the housing is supported by a quartz ceramic tool with similar profiling thermal expansion coefficient, the heat treatment temperature is 700-750 ℃, carrying out ceramic heat treatment on the antenna housing after the impregnation treatment at the temperature, and obtaining the required W-waveband antenna housing, and the impregnation process adopts a vacuum and vibration combined mode.
The embodiment provides a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband, which is a product formed by performing profile modeling positioning tool presetting, repeated circulating dipping and drying, repeated circulating dipping after rough machining, drying and heat treatment, silica sol circulating dipping after finish machining and ceramic heat treatment on a quartz fiber preform, wherein the material is a quartz fiber reinforced silica composite and is applied to the W waveband.
The wall thickness of the antenna housing is 2-3 mm.
Example five:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband, which comprises the following steps:
(1) a 2.5D braided structure quartz fiber preform is adopted, wherein the quartz fiber yarn adopts 190Tex, and the number of warp and weft yarns is 1; and 55 twists are added in the weaving process;
(2) firstly, soaking in nitric acid to remove impurities introduced in the weaving process, and then removing a wetting agent on the surface of the quartz fiber preform in a heat treatment phase mode, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 500 ℃;
(3) performing liquid-phase impregnation molding on the quartz fiber preform subjected to the presetting in the step (2) by using high-purity silica sol, wherein the high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 40-45% is adopted for cyclic impregnation in the first-round impregnation, the impregnation process adopts a vacuum and high-pressure combined mode, the preform is directly taken out of the silica sol for drying after the impregnation is completed, and the quartz fiber preform is subjected to the presetting in the first-time densification process by using a profiling positioning tool to prevent the densification process from deforming;
(4) the temperature is adjusted to 140-150 ℃ in advance in the drying process, so that the surface of the prefabricated body taken out of the silica sol is quickly dried for 10min, and then the temperature is adjusted to 50-80 ℃ until the prefabricated body is dried to constant weight;
(5) circularly dipping the silica sol according to the steps (3) and (4) until the weight is increased by less than 2%; obtaining a quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composite material radome blank;
(6) roughly processing a quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composite material radome blank to obtain an initial radome, wherein a margin of 1-2mm is reserved on one side of the radome;
(7) adjusting and repeatedly and circularly dipping the rough-processed product by adopting high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 25 percent, repeating the dipping period for 2-3 times, carrying out drying heat treatment (200-;
(8) performing precision machining on the product subjected to drying heat treatment in the step (7) to obtain a W-band radome (the wall thickness is 2-3 mm);
(9) performing acid washing and water washing on the antenna housing;
(10) carrying out liquid phase impregnation on the antenna housing after acid washing and water washing, adopting high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 25% to carry out cyclic impregnation-heat treatment until the required density is reached, wherein in the heat treatment process, in order to prevent the antenna housing from deforming, the large end of the housing body is supported by a quartz ceramic tool with similar profiling thermal expansion coefficient, the heat treatment temperature is 650 ℃, carrying out ceramic heat treatment on the antenna housing after the impregnation treatment at the temperature, and obtaining the required W-waveband antenna housing, wherein in the impregnation process, a vacuum and high-pressure combined mode is adopted.
The embodiment provides a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband, which is a product formed by performing profile modeling positioning tool presetting, repeated circulating dipping and drying, repeated circulating dipping after rough machining, drying and heat treatment, silica sol circulating dipping after finish machining and ceramic heat treatment on a quartz fiber preform, wherein the material is a quartz fiber reinforced silica composite and is applied to the W waveband.
The wall thickness of the antenna housing is 2-3 mm.
Example six:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) weaving a quartz fiber preform with a 2.5D weaving structure, wherein the quartz fiber yarn is 190Tex, and the number of warp and weft strands is 1-2; and 70 twists are added in the weaving process;
(2) firstly, soaking in nitric acid to remove impurities introduced in the weaving process, and then removing the surface sizing agent of the quartz fiber preform by adopting a mode of combining water boiling and heat treatment;
(3) performing liquid-phase impregnation molding on the quartz fiber preform subjected to the presetting in the step (2) by using high-purity silica sol, wherein the high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 50% is adopted for cyclic impregnation in the first-round impregnation, the impregnation process adopts a mode of combining vacuum, vibration and high pressure, the preform is directly taken out of the silica sol for drying after the impregnation is completed, and the quartz fiber preform is subjected to the presetting in the first-time densification process by using a profiling positioning tool to prevent the densification process from deforming;
(4) the temperature is adjusted to 130 ℃ in advance in the drying process, so that the surface of the prefabricated body taken out of the silica sol is quickly dried for 10-20min, and then the temperature is adjusted to 130 ℃ until the prefabricated body is dried to constant weight;
(5) circularly dipping the silica sol according to the steps (3) and (4) until the weight is increased by less than 2%; obtaining a quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composite material radome blank;
(6) roughly processing a quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composite material radome blank to obtain an initial radome, wherein a margin of 1-2mm is reserved on one side of the radome;
(7) adjusting and repeatedly and circularly dipping the rough-processed product by adopting high-purity silica sol with the solid content of 40%, repeating the dipping period for 2-3 times, carrying out drying heat treatment (500 ℃) after the dipping is finished, wherein the dipping process adopts a mode of combining vacuum, vibration and high pressure;
(8) performing precision machining on the product subjected to drying heat treatment in the step (7) to obtain a W-band radome (the wall thickness is 2-3 mm);
(9) performing acid washing and water washing on the antenna housing;
(10) carrying out liquid phase impregnation on the antenna housing after acid washing and water washing, adopting high-purity silica sol with solid content of 40% to carry out cyclic impregnation-heat treatment until the required density is reached, wherein in the heat treatment process, in order to prevent the antenna housing from deforming, the large end of the housing body is supported by a quartz ceramic tool with similar profiling thermal expansion coefficient, the heat treatment temperature is 800 ℃, carrying out ceramic heat treatment on the antenna housing after the impregnation treatment at the temperature, and obtaining the required W-waveband antenna housing, wherein in the impregnation process, a vacuum, vibration and high-pressure combined mode is adopted.
The embodiment provides a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband, which is a product formed by performing profile modeling positioning tool presetting, repeated circulating dipping and drying, repeated circulating dipping after rough machining, drying and heat treatment, silica sol circulating dipping after finish machining and ceramic heat treatment on a quartz fiber preform, wherein the material is a quartz fiber reinforced silica composite and is applied to the W waveband.
The wall thickness of the antenna housing is 2-3 mm.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention as referred to in the present application is not limited to the embodiments with a specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments with any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) presetting a quartz fiber preform by adopting a profiling positioning tool, then circularly dipping silica sol, and directly taking out the preform from the silica sol for drying treatment after dipping is finished;
(2) performing circulating dipping and drying treatment on the prefabricated silica sol according to the step (1), and then performing rough machining to obtain an initial antenna housing;
(3) carrying out repeated and cyclic dipping of silica sol on the initial radome, carrying out drying heat treatment after the dipping is finished, and carrying out finish machining to obtain a finish-machined radome;
(4) carrying out silica sol circulating impregnation on the antenna housing after finish machining, and carrying out ceramic heat treatment after the impregnation is finished to obtain an antenna housing product;
in the step (1), the quartz fiber preform adopts a 2.5D weaving structure, the quartz fiber yarn adopts 190Tex or 195Tex, the number of warp and weft strands is 1-2, and 50-80 twists are added in the weaving process.
2. The method for preparing the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for the W waveband according to the claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the preform is subjected to the treatment comprising the following steps before the silica sol cyclic impregnation:
and removing the wetting agent on the surface of the quartz fiber preform.
3. The method for preparing the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for the W waveband according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the solid content of the silica sol is 40-60%,
and (3) drying: the preform taken out of the silica sol is firstly subjected to primary drying treatment at the temperature of 120-150 ℃, and then is further dried at the temperature of 50-200 ℃ until the preform is dried to constant weight.
4. The method for preparing the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for the W waveband according to the claim 1, wherein in the step (2),
performing circulating dipping and drying treatment on the prefabricated silica sol according to the step (1) until the weight gain is less than 2%, and obtaining an antenna housing blank;
and (4) roughly processing the radome blank to obtain an initial radome, and reserving a margin part on a single side of the initial radome.
5. The preparation method of the W-band fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome, as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the solid content of the silica sol is 20-40%, and the drying heat treatment temperature is 200-500 ℃.
6. The method for preparing the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for the W waveband according to the claim 1, wherein in the step (4),
before the silica sol cyclic impregnation, carrying out acid washing and water washing treatment on the antenna housing;
and (4) circularly dipping the antenna housing subjected to acid washing and water washing by using silica sol.
7. The preparation method of the W-band fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome, as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the solid content of the silica sol is 20-40%, the large end of the radome body is subjected to the ceramization heat treatment under the support of a quartz ceramic tool with similar profiling thermal expansion coefficient, and the ceramization heat treatment temperature is 650-800 ℃.
8. The method for preparing the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for the W waveband according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the steps (1) to (4), the impregnation process adopts a combination of a plurality of modes of vacuum, vibration and high pressure.
9. A fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite radome for a W waveband is characterized in that a quartz fiber preform according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is subjected to pre-setting by a profiling positioning tool, repeated cyclic dipping and drying, repeated cyclic dipping after rough machining, drying heat treatment, silica sol cyclic dipping after finish machining and ceramic heat treatment to form a product, the material is a quartz fiber reinforced silica composite, and the radome is applied to the W waveband.
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| CN110272269A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-09-24 | 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 | A kind of ceramic matric composite antenna house and preparation method thereof of root enhancing |
| CN110272293A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-09-24 | 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 | A kind of abnormally-structured ceramic matric composite antenna house and preparation method thereof |
| CN110078517B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2021-12-21 | 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 | Mixed-woven fiber reinforced nitride composite material radome and preparation method thereof |
| CN110272294B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2021-08-31 | 湖北三江航天江北机械工程有限公司 | Method for quickly forming special-shaped quartz composite ceramic wave-transparent antenna window |
| CN110386810B (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2022-02-15 | 江西嘉捷信达新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method and application of prestressed ceramic-based radar antenna housing/antenna window composite material |
| CN112661524B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2023-03-17 | 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 | Mullite fiber reinforced quartz ceramic composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114057503B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-09-02 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Density gradient quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide ceramic matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114195546A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-18 | 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 | Heat-proof ring and preparation method thereof |
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