CN109400127B

CN109400127B - Air-permeable material for ladle and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN109400127B
Application number: CN201811267733.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王周福; 熊鑫; 刘浩; 王玺堂; 马妍
Original assignee: Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
Current assignee: Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
Priority date: 2018-10-29
Filing date: 2018-10-29
Publication date: 2021-12-17
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-29
Also published as: CN109400127A

Abstract

The invention relates to a breathable material for a ladle and a preparation method thereof. The technical scheme is as follows: mixing fine corundum powder and alpha-Al₂O₃Mixing the micro powder, the fine quartz sand powder, the aluminum hydroxide, the aluminum fluoride, the additive, the foaming agent, the foam stabilizer, the water reducer and the calcium aluminate cement, adding water, stirring, forming, curing, drying, performing heat treatment at 1400-1600 ℃, crushing, and screening to obtain a granular material A and a granular material B with different granularities. And then mixing the thermosetting phenolic resin, the surfactant, the elemental silicon powder, the silicon carbide powder, the copper powder and the ammonium metavanadate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the modified resin. And then uniformly mixing the corundum particles, the particle material A, the particle material B, the crystalline flake graphite, the silicon carbide powder and the modified resin, pressing and forming, and carrying out heat treatment at 100-300 ℃ to obtain the breathable material for the ladle. The invention has low production cost, and the prepared air permeable material for the ladle has the characteristics of high-temperature rupture strength, stable air permeability, excellent anti-scouring performance and long service life.

Description

Air-permeable material for ladle and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of breathable materials. In particular to a breathable material for a ladle and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The molten iron pretreatment desulfurization process is an important metallurgical process flow for smelting low-sulfur or ultra-low-sulfur steel. Aiming at the problems of low slagging efficiency, large iron loss, more residual slag in molten iron and the like after molten iron desulfurization, the air brick is arranged on the side surface or the bottom surface of the molten iron ladle, gas is blown into the molten iron through the air brick to stir, a bare surface is formed on the liquid surface, and remarkable effects are achieved in the aspects of improving slag discharge and slag collection, improving the molten iron pretreatment process and the like.

The existing air permeable material comprises clay, corundum, spinel and the like, and the types of the air permeable material mainly comprise a dispersion type, a straight through hole type, a slit type and the like according to actual working conditions. In the actual use process, the breathable material mainly has the problems of unstable breathable performance, poor corrosion resistance, low high-temperature strength and the like.

In the prior art, the additive is introduced to promote the sintering of the breathable material and adjust the texture structure, so that the mechanical strength, the erosion resistance and the like of the breathable material are improved to a certain extent, but certain defects still exist in the aspects of the high-temperature strength, the breathable stability and the like of the breathable material.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and aims to provide the preparation method of the air permeable material for the ladle, which has low production cost, and the air permeable material for the ladle prepared by the method has the advantages of high-temperature rupture strength, stable air permeability, excellent anti-scouring performance and long service life.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following specific steps:

firstly, 40-60 wt% of corundum fine powder and 1-10 wt% of alpha-Al₂O₃Mixing micro powder, 30-50 wt% of quartz sand fine powder, 1-10 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, 1-10 wt% of aluminum fluoride, 1-5 wt% of additive, 1-5 wt% of foaming agent, 1-5 wt% of foam stabilizer, 0.1-1 wt% of water reducer and 1-5 wt% of calcium aluminate cement to obtain a mixture; and adding water accounting for 10-20 wt% of the mixture, uniformly stirring, casting, and curing for 10-20 hours to obtain a cured blank.

Secondly, drying the cured blank at 90-120 ℃ for 12-24 hours, and then carrying out heat treatment at 1400-1600 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain a pre-sintered material; and then crushing and screening the pre-sintered material to obtain a granular material A with the granularity of less than 0.25mm and a granular material B with the granularity of 0.25-1 mm.

And thirdly, mixing 40-60 wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin, 1-10 wt% of surfactant, 10-20 wt% of elemental silicon powder, 20-40 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1-5 wt% of copper powder and 1-10 wt% of ammonium metavanadate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the modified resin.

And fourthly, mixing 50-70 wt% of corundum particles, 1-10 wt% of particle materials A, 10-30 wt% of particle materials B, 1-10 wt% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-5 wt% of silicon carbide powder and 1-10 wt% of modified resin, uniformly stirring, performing compression molding under the condition of 80-120 MPa, and performing heat treatment at 100-300 ℃ for 10-20 hours to obtain the breathable material for the ladle.

The corundum fine powder is plate-shaped corundum fine powder or Al of white corundum fine powder and corundum fine powder₂O₃The content is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity of the corundum fine powder is less than 0.088 mm.

The corundum particles are plate-shaped corundum particles or white corundum particles and Al of the corundum particles₂O₃The content is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity of the corundum particles is 1-3 mm.

The alpha-Al₂O₃Micronized Al₂O₃More than 99 wt% of alpha-Al₂O₃The granularity of the micro powder is less than 0.01 mm.

SiO of the quartz sand fine powder₂The content is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity of the quartz sand fine powder is less than 0.088 mm.

Al (OH) of the aluminum hydroxide₃The content is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity of the aluminum hydroxide is less than 0.045 mm.

The Si content of the elemental silicon powder is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity is less than 0.088 mm.

The SiC content of the silicon carbide powder is more than 97 wt%, and the granularity is less than 0.088 mm.

The Cu content of the copper powder is more than 99 wt%, and the particle size is less than 0.088 mm.

The content of C in the flake graphite is more than 97 wt%, and the granularity is less than 0.088 mm.

The additive is zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, the purity of the additive is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity of the additive is less than 0.088 mm.

AlF of said aluminum fluoride₃The content is more than 99 wt%.

The foaming agent is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the purity of the foaming agent is more than 98 wt%.

The foam stabilizer is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate or sodium carboxymethylcellulose.

The water reducing agent is sodium hexametaphosphate or sodium tripolyphosphate, and the purity of the water reducing agent is more than 98 wt%.

In the calcium aluminate cement: al (Al)₂O₃The content is more than 65 wt%; SiO 2₂The content is less than 0.5 wt%; fe₂O₃The content is less than 0.3 wt%.

The room temperature viscosity of the thermosetting phenolic resin is less than 10000 centipoises, and the moisture content is less than 15 wt%.

The surfactant is fatty acid methyl ester or propylene oxide.

The purity of the ammonium metavanadate is more than 99 wt%.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:

(1) the invention utilizes additive, corundum, quartz sand, aluminum hydroxide and alpha-Al₂O₃The reactivity of different raw materials such as micro powder, foaming agent and the like under different temperature conditions, the prefabricated fine-grain structure granules mainly comprising corundum and mullite have the characteristics of multi-stage through hole structure and high strength. The invention utilizes the modified resin obtained after the thermosetting phenolic resin treatment to ensure that the simple substance silicon powder, the silicon carbide powder and the like are uniformly distributed among the corundum particles, the prefabricated particle material A and the prefabricated particle material B, and the organizational structure of the material is adjusted by combining with the heat treatment. Therefore, the prepared air permeable material for the ladle has higher normal-temperature rupture strength.

(2) The invention avoids the introduction of impurity phase due to the control of the high-temperature reaction process among the raw materials with different characteristics, and forms stable fine grain mosaic structures among the prefabricated granule A, the prefabricated granule B and the corundum granules, so that the prepared air-permeable material for the ladle has higher high-temperature rupture strength.

(3) According to the invention, through hole structures with different scales are formed among different raw material particles by utilizing the composite action of the raw materials such as the additive, the foaming agent, the thermosetting phenolic resin, the silicon carbide and the like at different stages and the particle size difference among different raw materials, so that the material is endowed with stable air permeability while the high mechanical strength is ensured.

(4) According to the structure and performance characteristics of the air-permeable material for the ladle, the preparation process is controlled step by step, so that the growth and occurrence states of crystal grains are regulated, the formation and communication states of pores are controlled, and the ingenious control on the structure and performance of the material is realized. In addition, the invention has wide raw material source and low production cost, and the prepared air permeable material for the ladle has stable performance.

The performance of the prepared air-permeable material for the ladle is detected as follows: the bulk density is 2.5-2.9 g/cm³The apparent porosity is 23-31%, the normal temperature flexural strength is more than 7MPa, and the high temperature (1400 ℃) flexural strength is more than 6 MPa.

Therefore, the invention has low production cost, and the prepared air permeable material for the ladle has the characteristics of high-temperature rupture strength, stable air permeability, excellent anti-scouring performance and long service life.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments, without limiting its scope.

In order to avoid repetition, the particle sizes of the raw materials related to the present embodiment are uniformly described as follows, and are not described in detail in the examples:

al of the corundum fine powder₂O₃The content is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity of the corundum fine powder is less than 0.088 mm.

Al of the corundum particles₂O₃The content is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity of the corundum particles is 1-3 mm.

The purity of the additive is more than 99 wt%, and the particle size is less than 0.088 mm.

AlF of said aluminum fluoride₃The content is more than 99 wt%.

The purity of the foaming agent is more than 98 wt%.

The purity of the water reducing agent is more than 98 wt%.

The purity of the ammonium metavanadate is more than 99 wt%.

Example 1

A permeable material for a ladle and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method in this example is:

firstly, 40-45 wt% of corundum fine powder and 1-10 wt% of alpha-Al₂O₃Mixing micro powder, 45-50 wt% of quartz sand fine powder, 1-10 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, 1-10 wt% of aluminum fluoride, 1-5 wt% of additive, 1-5 wt% of foaming agent, 1-5 wt% of foam stabilizer, 0.1-1 wt% of water reducer and 1-5 wt% of calcium aluminate cement to obtain a mixture; and adding water accounting for 10-15 wt% of the mixture, uniformly stirring, casting and molding, and curing for 15-20 hours to obtain a cured blank.

Secondly, drying the cured blank at the temperature of 90-110 ℃ for 12-16 hours, and then carrying out heat treatment at the temperature of 1500-1600 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain a pre-sintered material; and then crushing and screening the pre-sintered material to obtain a granular material A with the granularity of less than 0.25mm and a granular material B with the granularity of 0.25-1 mm.

And thirdly, mixing 40-45 wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin, 1-10 wt% of surfactant, 10-20 wt% of elemental silicon powder, 35-40 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1-5 wt% of copper powder and 1-10 wt% of ammonium metavanadate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the modified resin.

And fourthly, mixing 50-55 wt% of corundum particles, 1-4 wt% of particle materials A, 25-30 wt% of particle materials B, 7-10 wt% of crystalline flake graphite, 3-5 wt% of silicon carbide powder and 1-4 wt% of modified resin, uniformly stirring, performing compression molding under the condition of 80-100 MPa, and performing heat treatment at 100-180 ℃ for 10-15 hours to obtain the breathable material for the ladle.

In this embodiment:

the corundum fine powder is plate-shaped corundum fine powder;

the corundum particles are plate-shaped corundum particles;

the additive is zinc oxide;

the foaming agent is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate;

the foam stabilizer is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate;

the water reducing agent is sodium tripolyphosphate;

the surfactant is fatty acid methyl ester.

The performance of the permeable material for ladles prepared in this example was tested: the bulk density is 2.5-2.7g/cm³(ii) a The apparent porosity is 26-31%; the normal temperature rupture strength is more than 8 MPa; the high-temperature (1400 ℃) rupture strength is more than 7 MPa.

Example 2

firstly, 45-50 wt% of corundum fine powder and 1-10 wt% of alpha-Al₂O₃The material comprises micro powder, 40-45 wt% of quartz sand fine powder, 1-10 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, 1-10 wt% of aluminum fluoride, 1-5 wt% of additives, 1-5 wt% of foaming agents, 1-5 wt% of foam stabilizers, 0.1-1 wt% of water reducing agents and 1-5 wt% of calcium aluminate cementMixing to obtain a mixture; and adding water accounting for 14-20 wt% of the mixture, uniformly stirring, casting, and curing for 10-16 hours to obtain a cured blank.

Secondly, drying the cured blank at 100-120 ℃ for 15-20 hours, and then carrying out heat treatment at 1400-1500 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain a pre-sintered material; and then crushing and screening the pre-sintered material to obtain a granular material A with the granularity of less than 0.25mm and a granular material B with the granularity of 0.25-1 mm.

And thirdly, mixing 45-50 wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin, 1-10 wt% of surfactant, 10-20 wt% of elemental silicon powder, 30-35 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1-5 wt% of copper powder and 1-10 wt% of ammonium metavanadate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the modified resin.

And fourthly, mixing 55-60 wt% of corundum particles, 3-6 wt% of particle materials A, 20-25 wt% of particle materials B, 5-8 wt% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-3 wt% of silicon carbide powder and 7-10 wt% of modified resin, uniformly stirring, performing compression molding under the condition of 90-110 MPa, and performing heat treatment at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ for 14-20 hours to prepare the breathable material for the ladle.

In this embodiment:

the corundum fine powder is white corundum fine powder;

the corundum particles are white corundum particles;

the additive is titanium dioxide;

the foaming agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate;

the foam stabilizer is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;

the water reducing agent is sodium hexametaphosphate;

the surfactant is propylene oxide.

The performance of the permeable material for ladles prepared in this example was tested: the bulk density is 2.5-2.8 g/cm³(ii) a The apparent porosity is 25-31%; the normal temperature rupture strength is more than 9 MPa; the high-temperature (1400 ℃) rupture strength is more than 7 MPa.

Example 3

firstly, 50-55 wt% of corundum fine powder and 1-10 wt% of alpha-Al₂O₃Mixing micro powder, 35-40 wt% of quartz sand fine powder, 1-10 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, 1-10 wt% of aluminum fluoride, 1-5 wt% of additive, 1-5 wt% of foaming agent, 1-5 wt% of foam stabilizer, 0.1-1 wt% of water reducer and 1-5 wt% of calcium aluminate cement to obtain a mixture; and adding 15-18 wt% of water into the mixture, uniformly stirring, casting and molding, and curing for 12-17 hours to obtain a cured blank.

Secondly, drying the cured blank at the temperature of 90-110 ℃ for 18-24 hours, and then carrying out heat treatment at the temperature of 1450-1550 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain a pre-sintered material; and then crushing and screening the pre-sintered material to obtain a granular material A with the granularity of less than 0.25mm and a granular material B with the granularity of 0.25-1 mm.

And thirdly, mixing 50-55 wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin, 1-10 wt% of surfactant, 10-20 wt% of elemental silicon powder, 25-30 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1-5 wt% of copper powder and 1-10 wt% of ammonium metavanadate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the modified resin.

And fourthly, mixing 60-65 wt% of corundum particles, 5-8 wt% of particle materials A, 15-20 wt% of particle materials B, 3-6 wt% of crystalline flake graphite, 2-4 wt% of silicon carbide powder and 5-8 wt% of modified resin, uniformly stirring, performing compression molding under the condition of 100-120 MPa, and performing heat treatment at the temperature of 150-250 ℃ for 10-15 hours to prepare the breathable material for the ladle.

In this embodiment:

the corundum fine powder is white corundum fine powder;

the corundum particles are white corundum particles;

the additive is zinc oxide;

the foaming agent is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate;

the foam stabilizer is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate;

the water reducing agent is sodium tripolyphosphate;

the surfactant is fatty acid methyl ester.

The performance of the permeable material for ladles prepared in this example was tested: the bulk density is 2.7-2.9 g/cm³(ii) a The apparent porosity is 23-29%; the normal temperature rupture strength is more than 9 MPa; the high-temperature (1400 ℃) rupture strength is more than 10 MPa.

Example 4

firstly, 55-60 wt% of corundum fine powder and 1-10 wt% of alpha-Al₂O₃Mixing micro powder, 30-35 wt% of quartz sand fine powder, 1-10 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, 1-10 wt% of aluminum fluoride, 1-5 wt% of additive, 1-5 wt% of foaming agent, 1-5 wt% of foam stabilizer, 0.1-1 wt% of water reducer and 1-5 wt% of calcium aluminate cement to obtain a mixture; and adding 15-18 wt% of water into the mixture, uniformly stirring, casting, and curing for 10-16 hours to obtain a cured blank.

Secondly, drying the cured blank at 100-120 ℃ for 15-20 hours, and then carrying out heat treatment at 1500-1600 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain a pre-sintered material; and then crushing and screening the pre-sintered material to obtain a granular material A with the granularity of less than 0.25mm and a granular material B with the granularity of 0.25-1 mm.

And thirdly, mixing 55-60 wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin, 1-10 wt% of surfactant, 10-20 wt% of elemental silicon powder, 20-25 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1-5 wt% of copper powder and 1-10 wt% of ammonium metavanadate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the modified resin.

And fourthly, mixing 65-70 wt% of corundum particles, 7-10 wt% of particle materials A, 10-15 wt% of particle materials B, 1-4 wt% of crystalline flake graphite, 3-5 wt% of silicon carbide powder and 3-6 wt% of modified resin, uniformly stirring, performing compression molding under the condition of 90-110 MPa, and performing heat treatment at the temperature of 150-250 ℃ for 14-20 hours to obtain the breathable material for the ladle.

In this embodiment:

the corundum fine powder is plate-shaped corundum fine powder;

the corundum particles are plate-shaped corundum particles;

the additive is titanium dioxide;

the foaming agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate;

the foam stabilizer is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;

the water reducing agent is sodium hexametaphosphate;

the surfactant is propylene oxide.

The performance of the permeable material for ladles prepared in this example was tested: the bulk density is 2.5-2.7g/cm³(ii) a The apparent porosity is 29-31%; the normal temperature rupture strength is more than 8 MPa; the high-temperature (1400 ℃) rupture strength is more than 7 MPa.

Compared with the prior art, the specific implementation mode has the following positive effects:

(1) the specific embodiment utilizes additives, corundum, quartz sand, aluminum hydroxide and alpha-Al₂O₃The reactivity of different raw materials such as micro powder, foaming agent and the like under different temperature conditions, the prefabricated fine-grain structure granules mainly comprising corundum and mullite have the characteristics of multi-stage through hole structure and high strength. In the embodiment, the modified resin obtained after the thermosetting phenolic resin is treated is used for ensuring that the elemental silicon powder, the silicon carbide powder and the like are uniformly distributed among the corundum particles, the prefabricated particle material A and the prefabricated particle material B, and the texture structure of the material is adjusted by combining heat treatment. Therefore, the prepared air permeable material for the ladle has higher normal-temperature rupture strength.

(2) According to the specific embodiment, the high-temperature reaction process among the raw materials with different characteristics is controlled, so that the introduction of an impurity phase is avoided, stable fine-grain mosaic structures are formed among the prefabricated granular material A, the prefabricated granular material B and the corundum particles, and the prepared breathable material for the ladle has high-temperature rupture strength.

(3) According to the specific embodiment, through hole structures with different scales are formed among different raw material particles by utilizing the composite action of the raw materials such as the additive, the foaming agent, the thermosetting phenolic resin, the silicon carbide and the like at different stages and the particle size difference among different raw materials, so that the high mechanical strength is ensured, and the material is endowed with stable air permeability.

(4) According to the structure and performance characteristics of the air-permeable material for the ladle, the preparation process is controlled step by step, so that the growth and occurrence states of crystal grains are adjusted, the formation and communication states of pores are controlled, and the ingenious control on the structure and performance of the material is realized. In addition, the specific embodiment has wide raw material sources and low production cost, and the prepared air permeable material for the ladle has stable performance.

The performance of the breathable material for the ladle prepared by the embodiment is detected as follows: the bulk density is 2.5-2.9 g/cm³The apparent porosity is 23-31%, the normal temperature flexural strength is more than 7MPa, and the high temperature (1400 ℃) flexural strength is more than 6 MPa.

Therefore, the production cost of the embodiment is low, and the prepared air permeable material for the ladle has the characteristics of high-temperature rupture strength, stable air permeability, excellent anti-scouring performance and long service life.

Claims

1. A preparation method of the air permeable material for the ladle is characterized by comprising the following steps:

firstly, 40-60 wt% of corundum fine powder and 1-10 wt% of alpha-Al₂O₃Mixing micro powder, 30-50 wt% of quartz sand fine powder, 1-10 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, 1-10 wt% of aluminum fluoride, 1-5 wt% of additive, 1-5 wt% of foaming agent, 1-5 wt% of foam stabilizer, 0.1-1 wt% of water reducer and 1-5 wt% of calcium aluminate cement to obtain a mixture; adding water accounting for 10-20 wt% of the mixture, uniformly stirring, casting, and curing for 10-20 hours to obtain a cured blank;

secondly, drying the cured blank at 90-120 ℃ for 12-24 hours, and then carrying out heat treatment at 1400-1600 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain a pre-sintered material; then crushing and screening the pre-sintered material to obtain a granular material A with the granularity of less than 0.25mm and a granular material B with the granularity of 0.25-1 mm;

step three, mixing 40-60 wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin, 1-10 wt% of surfactant, 10-20 wt% of elemental silicon powder, 20-40 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1-5 wt% of copper powder and 1-10 wt% of ammonium metavanadate, and uniformly stirring to obtain modified resin;

fourthly, mixing 50-70 wt% of corundum particles, 1-10 wt% of particle materials A, 10-30 wt% of particle materials B, 1-10 wt% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-5 wt% of silicon carbide powder and 1-10 wt% of modified resin, uniformly stirring, performing compression molding under the condition of 80-120 MPa, and performing heat treatment at the temperature of 100-300 ℃ for 10-20 hours to prepare the breathable material for the ladle;

the corundum fine powder is plate-shaped corundum fine powder or Al of white corundum fine powder and corundum fine powder₂O₃The content is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity of the corundum fine powder is less than 0.088 mm;

the corundum particles are plate-shaped corundum particles or white corundum particles and Al of the corundum particles₂O₃The content is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity of the corundum particles is 1-3 mm;

the alpha-Al₂O₃Micronized Al₂O₃More than 99 wt% of alpha-Al₂O₃The granularity of the micro powder is less than 0.01 mm;

SiO of the quartz sand fine powder₂The content is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity of the quartz sand fine powder is less than 0.088 mm;

al (OH) of the aluminum hydroxide₃The content is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity of the aluminum hydroxide is less than 0.045 mm;

the Si content of the elemental silicon powder is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity is less than 0.088 mm;

the SiC content of the silicon carbide powder is more than 97 wt%, and the granularity is less than 0.088 mm;

the Cu content of the copper powder is more than 99 wt%, and the granularity is less than 0.088 mm;

the content of C in the flake graphite is more than 97 wt%, and the granularity is less than 0.088 mm;

the additive is zinc oxide or titanium dioxide; the purity of the additive is more than 99 wt%, and the particle size is less than 0.088 mm.

2. The method for producing a permeable material for a ladle according to claim 1, characterized in thatCharacterised by AlF of the aluminium fluoride₃The content is more than 99 wt%.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate or sodium dodecylsulfate, and the purity of the foaming agent is greater than 98 wt%.

4. The method for preparing the air-permeable material for the foundry ladle according to claim 1, wherein the foam stabilizer is sodium fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate or sodium carboxymethylcellulose.

5. The method for preparing the air-permeable material for the foundry ladle according to claim 1, characterized in that the water reducing agent is sodium hexametaphosphate or sodium tripolyphosphate, and the purity of the water reducing agent is more than 98 wt%.

6. The method for preparing the air-permeable material for the foundry ladle according to claim 1, wherein in the calcium aluminate cement: al (Al)₂O₃The content is more than 65 wt%; SiO 2₂The content is less than 0.5 wt%; fe₂O₃The content is less than 0.3 wt%.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermosetting phenol resin has a room temperature viscosity of less than 10000 cps and a moisture content of less than 15 wt%.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is fatty acid methyl ester or propylene oxide.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the purity of the ammonium metavanadate is greater than 99 wt%.

10. A ladle gas permeable material produced by the method for producing a ladle gas permeable material according to any one of claims 1 to 9.