CN109320280B - Air-permeable material for converter and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Air-permeable material for converter and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN109320280B
CN109320280B CN201811267217.3A CN201811267217A CN109320280B CN 109320280 B CN109320280 B CN 109320280B CN 201811267217 A CN201811267217 A CN 201811267217A CN 109320280 B CN109320280 B CN 109320280B
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converter
granularity
powder
permeable material
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CN109320280A (en
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王周福
王浩
刘浩
王玺堂
马妍
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
    • C04B35/04—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on magnesium oxide
    • C04B35/043—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/0038—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by superficial sintering or bonding of particulate matter
    • C04B38/0041—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by superficial sintering or bonding of particulate matter the particulate matter having preselected particle sizes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
    • C04B2235/3222—Aluminates other than alumino-silicates, e.g. spinel (MgAl2O4)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/444—Halide containing anions, e.g. bromide, iodate, chlorite
    • C04B2235/445—Fluoride containing anions, e.g. fluosilicate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/77—Density
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
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Abstract

The invention relates to a breathable material for a converter and a preparation method thereof. The technical scheme is as follows: mixing fine magnesia powder and magnesia-alumina spinelFine powder of alpha-Al2O3Mixing the micro powder, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum fluoride, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, an additive, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer, a water reducing agent and calcium aluminate cement, adding water externally, stirring, forming, curing, drying, carrying out heat treatment at 1400-1600 ℃, crushing and screening to obtain a granular material A with the granularity of less than 0.25mm and a granular material B with the granularity of 0.25-1 mm. And mixing the thermosetting phenolic resin, a surfactant, elemental silicon powder, copper powder and ammonium metavanadate to obtain the modified resin. And then mixing the magnesia particles, the particle material A, the particle material B, the crystalline flake graphite and the modified resin, carrying out isostatic pressing, and carrying out heat treatment at 100-300 ℃ to obtain the ventilating material for the converter. The invention has low production cost, and the prepared permeable material for the converter has high-temperature rupture strength, stable air permeability, excellent anti-scouring performance and long service life.

Description

Air-permeable material for converter and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of breathable materials. In particular to a breathable material for a converter and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The air brick is an important functional element which can be smoothly implemented in the external refining process, and plays an important role in the reliability and completeness of the external refining. With the gradual increase of the capacity and the improvement of the service life of the converter, higher requirements are also put forward on the converter air brick. The converter bottom blowing air brick is not only eroded by molten steel and slag, but also bears the stress action generated by temperature change, so that the air brick is required to meet the performance requirements of strength, erosion resistance, thermal shock stability and the like.
In the actual use process, the breathable material mainly has the problems of unstable breathable performance, poor corrosion resistance, low high-temperature strength and the like. The problems affect the normal rhythm of the steel smelting process and reduce the working efficiency.
In the existing preparation technology of the breathable material, additives are introduced to promote sintering of the material and improve bonding strength, but the formed low-melting-point liquid phase reduces the mechanical strength of the breathable material; the introduction of the micro powder can enhance the densification of the texture structure and improve the erosion resistance, but the air permeability of the product can be influenced, and the stability of the structure and the performance of the product can be reduced due to uneven distribution of the micro powder.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and aims to provide the preparation method of the air-permeable material for the converter, which has low production cost, and the air-permeable material for the converter prepared by the method has the advantages of high-temperature rupture strength, stable air permeability, excellent anti-scouring performance and long service life.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, 40-60 wt% of magnesia fine powder, 1-10 wt% of magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and 1-10 wt% of alpha-Al2O3The preparation method comprises the following steps of mixing micro powder, 1-10 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, 1-10 wt% of aluminum fluoride, 1-10 wt% of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 1-5 wt% of additives, 1-5 wt% of foaming agents, 1-5 wt% of foam stabilizers, 0.1-1 wt% of water reducing agents and 1-5 wt% of calcium aluminate cement to obtain a mixture, adding 10-20 wt% of water into the mixture, uniformly stirring, casting and molding, and curing for 10-20 hours to obtain a cured blank.
Secondly, drying the solidified blank at 90-120 ℃ for 12-24 hours, and then carrying out heat treatment at 1400-1600 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain a pre-sintered material; and then crushing and screening the pre-sintered material to obtain a granular material A with the granularity of less than 0.25mm and a granular material B with the granularity of 0.25-1 mm.
And thirdly, mixing 60-80 wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin, 1-10 wt% of surfactant, 10-20 wt% of elemental silicon powder, 1-5 wt% of copper powder and 1-10 wt% of ammonium metavanadate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the modified resin.
And fourthly, mixing 50-70 wt% of magnesia particles, 1-10 wt% of the particle material A, 10-20 wt% of the particle material B, 10-30 wt% of crystalline flake graphite and 1-10 wt% of the modified resin, uniformly stirring, carrying out isostatic pressing, and carrying out heat treatment at 100-300 ℃ for 10-20 hours to obtain the ventilating material for the converter.
The MgO content of the magnesite fine powder is more than 97 wt%; the granularity of the magnesite fine powder is less than 0.088 mm.
The MgO content of the magnesite grain is more than 97 wt%; the granularity of the magnesia particles is 1-3 mm.
The magnesium aluminate spinel: al (Al)2O3The content is 60-80 wt%; SiO 22The content is less than 0.4 wt%; the particle size is less than 0.088 mm.
The alpha-Al2O3Micronized Al2O3The content is more than 99 wt%; the alpha-Al2O3The granularity of the micro powder is less than 0.01 mm.
Al (OH) of the aluminum hydroxide3The content is more than 99 wt%; the granularity of the aluminum hydroxide is less than 0.045 mm.
The additive is zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, and the purity of the additive is more than 99 wt%; the particle size of the additive is less than 0.088 mm.
The Si content of the elemental silicon powder is more than 99 wt%; the granularity of the elemental silicon powder is less than 0.088 mm.
The Cu content of the copper powder is more than 99 wt%; the granularity of the copper powder is less than 0.088 mm.
The C content of the crystalline flake graphite is more than 97 wt%; the particle size of the flake graphite is less than 0.088 mm.
The pressure of the isostatic pressing is 120-150 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 4-10 minutes.
AlF of said aluminum fluoride3The content is more than 99 wt%.
The purity of the anhydrous magnesium sulfate is more than 99 wt%.
The foaming agent is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the purity of the foaming agent is more than 98 wt%.
The foam stabilizer is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate or sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
The water reducing agent is sodium hexametaphosphate or sodium tripolyphosphate, and the purity of the water reducing agent is more than 98 wt%.
The calcium aluminate cement: al (Al)2O3Is greater than 65 wt%; SiO 22Less than 0.5 wt%; fe2O3Is less than 0.3 wt%.
The room temperature viscosity of the thermosetting phenolic resin is less than 10000 centipoises, and the moisture content is less than 15 wt%.
The surfactant is fatty acid methyl ester or propylene oxide.
The purity of the ammonium metavanadate is more than 99 wt%.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
(1) the invention utilizes additive, magnesia, aluminum hydroxide and alpha-Al2O3The reaction characteristics of the raw materials such as micro powder, foaming agent and the like under different temperature conditions, the prefabricated fine-grain structure granular material mainly comprising periclase and magnesia-alumina spinel has the characteristics of multi-level through hole structure and high strength. By combining the function of the modified resin, the elemental silicon powder and the copper powder can be uniformly distributed among the magnesia particles, the prefabricated granule A, the prefabricated granule B and the crystalline flake graphite, so that fine grain combination is formed, and the tissue structure is also adjusted. Therefore, the prepared air-permeable material for the converter has higher normal-temperature rupture strength.
(2) The invention controls the reaction process among the raw materials with different characteristics, avoids the introduction of impurity phases, and forms stable fine grain mosaic structures among the prefabricated granular material A, the prefabricated granular material B and the magnesia grains, so that the prepared permeable material for the converter has higher high-temperature bending strength.
(3) The invention utilizes the composite action of additives, foaming agents, thickening agents and the like at different stages and the particle size difference among different raw materials to form through hole structures with different sizes among different raw material particles, thereby ensuring higher mechanical strength under different temperature conditions and endowing the air permeable material for the converter with stable air permeability.
(4) According to the structure and performance characteristics of the converter ventilating material, the preparation process is controlled step by step, the occurrence states of different phases are adjusted, the formation and communication states of pores are controlled, and the structure and performance of the converter ventilating material are ingeniously controlled. In addition, the adopted raw materials have wide sources and low production cost.
The performance of the air-permeable material for the converter prepared by the invention is detected as follows: the bulk density is 2.5-2.9 g/cm3(ii) a The apparent porosity is 23-31%; the normal temperature rupture strength is more than 7 MPa; the high-temperature (1400 ℃) rupture strength is more than 5 MPa.
Therefore, the invention has low production cost, and the prepared permeable material for the converter has high-temperature rupture strength, stable air permeability, excellent anti-scouring performance and long service life.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments, without limiting its scope.
In order to avoid repetition, the materials related to this specific embodiment are described in a unified manner, which is not described in the embodiments again:
the MgO content of the magnesite fine powder is more than 97 wt%; the granularity of the magnesite fine powder is less than 0.088 mm.
The MgO content of the magnesite grain is more than 97 wt%; the granularity of the magnesia particles is 1-3 mm.
The magnesium aluminate spinel: al (Al)2O3The content is 60-80 wt%; SiO 22The content is less than 0.4 wt%; the particle size is less than 0.088 mm.
The alpha-Al2O3Micronized Al2O3The content is more than 99 wt%; the alpha-Al2O3The granularity of the micro powder is less than 0.01 mm.
Al (OH) of the aluminum hydroxide3The content is more than 99 wt%; the granularity of the aluminum hydroxide is less than 0.045 mm.
The additive is zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, and the purity of the additive is more than 99 wt%; the particle size of the additive is less than 0.088 mm.
The Si content of the elemental silicon powder is more than 99 wt%; the granularity of the elemental silicon powder is less than 0.088 mm.
The Cu content of the copper powder is more than 99 wt%; the granularity of the copper powder is less than 0.088 mm.
The C content of the crystalline flake graphite is more than 97 wt%; the particle size of the flake graphite is less than 0.088 mm.
The pressure of the isostatic pressing is 120-150 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 4-10 minutes.
AlF of said aluminum fluoride3The content is more than 99 wt%.
The purity of the anhydrous magnesium sulfate is more than 99 wt%.
The foaming agent is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the purity of the foaming agent is more than 98 wt%.
The foam stabilizer is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate or sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
The water reducing agent is sodium hexametaphosphate or sodium tripolyphosphate, and the purity of the water reducing agent is more than 98 wt%.
The calcium aluminate cement: al (Al)2O3Is greater than 65 wt%; SiO 22Less than 0.5 wt%; fe2O3Is less than 0.3 wt%.
The room temperature viscosity of the thermosetting phenolic resin is less than 10000 centipoises, and the moisture content is less than 15 wt%.
The surfactant is fatty acid methyl ester or propylene oxide.
The purity of the ammonium metavanadate is more than 99 wt%.
Example 1
A permeable material for a converter and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, 45-55 wt% of magnesia fine powder, 5-10 wt% of magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and 1-5 wt% of alpha-Al2O3The preparation method comprises the following steps of mixing micro powder, 5-10 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, 1-5 wt% of aluminum fluoride, 1-5 wt% of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 1-5 wt% of zinc oxide, 1-5 wt% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 1-5 wt% of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 0.1-1 wt% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 1-5 wt% of calcium aluminate cement to obtain a mixture, adding 15-20 wt% of water to the mixture, uniformly stirring, casting, molding, and curing for 10-16 hours to obtain a cured blank.
Secondly, drying the solidified blank at 90-120 ℃ for 12-18 hours, and then carrying out heat treatment at 1450-1550 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain a pre-sintered material; and then crushing and screening the pre-sintered material to obtain a granular material A with the granularity of less than 0.25mm and a granular material B with the granularity of 0.25-1 mm.
And thirdly, mixing 65-75 wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin, 1-5 wt% of fatty acid methyl ester, 10-20 wt% of elemental silicon powder, 1-5 wt% of copper powder and 1-10 wt% of ammonium metavanadate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the modified resin.
And fourthly, mixing 50-60 wt% of magnesia particles, 5-10 wt% of the particle material A, 10-20 wt% of the particle material B, 20-30 wt% of crystalline flake graphite and 1-5 wt% of the modified resin, uniformly stirring, carrying out isostatic pressing, and carrying out heat treatment at 100-180 ℃ for 15-20 hours to obtain the ventilating material for the converter.
The performance of the permeable material for the converter prepared in the embodiment is detected as follows: the bulk density is 2.5-2.9 g/cm3(ii) a The apparent porosity is 23-30%; the normal temperature rupture strength is more than 10 MPa; the high-temperature (1400 ℃) rupture strength is more than 7 MPa.
Example 2
A permeable material for a converter and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, 50-60 wt% of magnesia fine powder, 1-5 wt% of magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and 5-10 wt% of alpha-Al2O3The preparation method comprises the following steps of mixing micro powder, 1-5 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, 5-10 wt% of aluminum fluoride, 5-10 wt% of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 1-5 wt% of titanium dioxide, 1-5 wt% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1-5 wt% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.1-1 wt% of sodium hexametaphosphate and 1-5 wt% of calcium aluminate cement to obtain a mixture, adding 10-16 wt% of water to the mixture, uniformly stirring, casting, molding, and curing for 15-20 hours to obtain a cured blank.
Secondly, drying the solidified blank at 90-120 ℃ for 15-20 hours, and then carrying out heat treatment at 1500-1600 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain a pre-sintered material; and then crushing and screening the pre-sintered material to obtain a granular material A with the granularity of less than 0.25mm and a granular material B with the granularity of 0.25-1 mm.
And thirdly, mixing 70-80 wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin, 5-10 wt% of epoxypropane, 10-20 wt% of elemental silicon powder, 1-5 wt% of copper powder and 1-10 wt% of ammonium metavanadate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the modified resin.
And fourthly, mixing 60-70 wt% of magnesia particles, 1-5 wt% of the particle material A, 10-20 wt% of the particle material B, 10-20 wt% of crystalline flake graphite and 5-10 wt% of the modified resin, uniformly stirring, carrying out isostatic pressing, and carrying out heat treatment at 150-250 ℃ for 10-15 hours to obtain the ventilating material for the converter.
The performance of the permeable material for the converter prepared in the embodiment is detected as follows: the bulk density is 2.5-2.7 g/cm3(ii) a The apparent porosity is 26-31%; the normal temperature rupture strength is more than 7 MPa; the high-temperature (1400 ℃) rupture strength is more than 8 MPa.
Example 3
A permeable material for a converter and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, 40-50 wt% of magnesia fine powder, 1-5 wt% of magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and 5-10 wt% of alpha-Al2O3The preparation method comprises the following steps of mixing micro powder, 5-10 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, 1-5 wt% of aluminum fluoride, 5-10 wt% of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 1-5 wt% of titanium dioxide, 1-5 wt% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1-5 wt% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.1-1 wt% of sodium hexametaphosphate and 1-5 wt% of calcium aluminate cement to obtain a mixture, adding 15-20 wt% of water to the mixture, uniformly stirring, casting, molding, and curing for 10-16 hours to obtain a cured blank.
Secondly, drying the solidified blank at 90-120 ℃ for 18-24 hours, and then carrying out heat treatment at 1400-1500 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain a pre-sintered material; and then crushing and screening the pre-sintered material to obtain a granular material A with the granularity of less than 0.25mm and a granular material B with the granularity of 0.25-1 mm.
And thirdly, mixing 60-70 wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin, 1-5 wt% of fatty acid methyl ester, 10-20 wt% of elemental silicon powder, 1-5 wt% of copper powder and 1-10 wt% of ammonium metavanadate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the modified resin.
And fourthly, mixing 60-70 wt% of magnesia particles, 5-10 wt% of the particle material A, 10-20 wt% of the particle material B, 10-20 wt% of crystalline flake graphite and 1-5 wt% of the modified resin, uniformly stirring, carrying out isostatic pressing, and carrying out heat treatment at 200-300 ℃ for 15-20 hours to obtain the ventilating material for the converter.
The performance of the permeable material for the converter prepared in the embodiment is detected as follows: the bulk density is 2.5-2.9 g/cm3(ii) a The apparent porosity is 27 to 31 percent; the normal temperature rupture strength is more than 8 MPa; the high-temperature (1400 ℃) rupture strength is more than 7 MPa.
Example 4
A permeable material for a converter and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, 50-60 wt% of magnesia fine powder, 5-10 wt% of magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and 1-5 wt% of alpha-Al2O3The preparation method comprises the following steps of mixing micro powder, 1-5 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, 1-5 wt% of aluminum fluoride, 1-5 wt% of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 1-5 wt% of zinc oxide, 1-5 wt% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 1-5 wt% of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 0.1-1 wt% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 1-5 wt% of calcium aluminate cement to obtain a mixture, adding 10-16 wt% of water into the mixture, uniformly stirring, casting, molding, and curing for 15-20 hours to obtain a cured blank.
Secondly, drying the solidified blank at 90-120 ℃ for 18-24 hours, and then carrying out heat treatment at 1450-1550 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain a pre-sintered material; and then crushing and screening the pre-sintered material to obtain a granular material A with the granularity of less than 0.25mm and a granular material B with the granularity of 0.25-1 mm.
And thirdly, mixing 70-80 wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin, 5-10 wt% of epoxypropane, 10-20 wt% of elemental silicon powder, 1-5 wt% of copper powder and 1-10 wt% of ammonium metavanadate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the modified resin.
And fourthly, mixing 50-60 wt% of magnesia particles, 1-5 wt% of the particle material A, 10-20 wt% of the particle material B, 20-30 wt% of crystalline flake graphite and 5-10 wt% of the modified resin, uniformly stirring, carrying out isostatic pressing, and carrying out heat treatment at 150-250 ℃ for 10-15 hours to obtain the ventilating material for the converter.
The performance of the permeable material for the converter prepared in the embodiment is detected as follows: the bulk density is 2.6-2.9 g/cm3(ii) a The apparent porosity is 27 to 31 percent; the normal temperature rupture strength is more than 8 MPa; the high-temperature (1400 ℃) rupture strength is more than 6 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the specific implementation mode has the following positive effects:
(1) the embodiment utilizes the additive, magnesia, aluminum hydroxide and alpha-Al2O3The reaction characteristics of the raw materials such as micro powder, foaming agent and the like under different temperature conditions, the prefabricated fine-grain structure granular material mainly comprising periclase and magnesia-alumina spinel has the characteristics of multi-level through hole structure and high strength. By combining the function of the modified resin, the elemental silicon powder and the copper powder can be uniformly distributed among the magnesia particles, the prefabricated granule A, the prefabricated granule B and the crystalline flake graphite, so that fine grain combination is formed, and the tissue structure is also adjusted. Therefore, the prepared air-permeable material for the converter has higher normal-temperature rupture strength.
(2) According to the specific embodiment, the reaction process among raw materials with different characteristics is controlled, the introduction of impurity phases is avoided, and stable fine grain mosaic structures are formed among the prefabricated granular material A, the prefabricated granular material B and the magnesia particles, so that the prepared breathable material for the converter has high-temperature bending strength.
(3) According to the specific embodiment, through hole structures with different scales are formed among different raw material particles by utilizing the composite action of additives, foaming agents, thickening agents and the like at different stages and the particle size difference among different raw materials, so that the air-permeable material for the converter is endowed with stable air permeability while the mechanical strength is high under different temperature conditions.
(4) According to the structure and performance characteristics of the air-permeable material for the converter, the preparation process is controlled step by step, the occurrence states of different phases are adjusted, the formation and communication states of pores are controlled, and the structure and performance of the air-permeable material for the converter are ingeniously controlled. In addition, the adopted raw materials have wide sources and low production cost.
The performance of the permeable material for the converter prepared by the embodiment is detected as follows: the bulk density is 2.5-2.9 g/cm3(ii) a The apparent porosity is 23-31%; the normal temperature rupture strength is more than 7 MPa; the high-temperature (1400 ℃) rupture strength is more than 5 MPa.
Therefore, the production cost of the embodiment is low, and the prepared air permeable material for the converter has the advantages of high-temperature rupture strength, stable air permeability, excellent anti-scouring performance and long service life.

Claims (11)

1. A preparation method of a breathable material for a converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, 40-60 wt% of magnesia fine powder, 1-10 wt% of magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and 1-10 wt% of alpha-Al2O3Mixing micro powder, 1-10 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, 1-10 wt% of aluminum fluoride, 1-10 wt% of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 1-5 wt% of additive, 1-5 wt% of foaming agent, 1-5 wt% of foam stabilizer, 0.1-1 wt% of water reducing agent and 1-5 wt% of calcium aluminate cement to obtain a mixture, adding 10-20 wt% of water into the mixture, uniformly stirring, casting and molding, and curing for 10-20 hours to obtain a cured blank;
secondly, drying the solidified blank at 90-120 ℃ for 12-24 hours, and then carrying out heat treatment at 1400-1600 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain a pre-sintered material; then crushing and screening the pre-sintered material to obtain a granular material A with the granularity of less than 0.25mm and a granular material B with the granularity of 0.25-1 mm;
thirdly, mixing 60-80 wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin, 1-10 wt% of surfactant, 10-20 wt% of elemental silicon powder, 1-5 wt% of copper powder and 1-10 wt% of ammonium metavanadate, and uniformly stirring to obtain modified resin;
fourthly, mixing 50-70 wt% of magnesia particles, 1-10 wt% of the particle material A, 10-20 wt% of the particle material B, 10-30 wt% of crystalline flake graphite and 1-10 wt% of the modified resin, uniformly stirring, carrying out isostatic pressing, and carrying out heat treatment at 100-300 ℃ for 10-20 hours to obtain the ventilating material for the converter;
the MgO content of the fine magnesite powder is more than 97wt%, and the granularity of the fine magnesite powder is less than 0.088 mm;
the MgO content of the magnesite grains is more than 97wt%, and the granularity of the magnesite grains is 1-3 mm;
the magnesium aluminate spinel: al (Al)2O360-80 wt% of SiO2The content is less than 0.4wt%, and the granularity is less than 0.088 mm;
the alpha-Al2O3Micronized Al2O3The content is more than 99wt%, and the alpha-Al2O3The granularity of the micro powder is less than 0.01 mm;
al (OH) of the aluminum hydroxide3The content is more than 99wt%, and the granularity of the aluminum hydroxide is less than 0.045 mm;
the additive is zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, the purity of the additive is more than 99wt%, and the particle size of the additive is less than 0.088 mm;
the Si content of the elemental silicon powder is more than 99wt%, and the granularity of the elemental silicon powder is less than 0.088 mm;
the Cu content of the copper powder is more than 99wt%, and the granularity of the copper powder is less than 0.088 mm;
the C content of the flake graphite is more than 97wt%, and the granularity of the flake graphite is less than 0.088 mm;
the pressure of the isostatic pressing is 120-150 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 4-10 minutes.
2. The method for producing a permeable material for a converter according to claim 1, wherein said AlF of aluminum fluoride is3The content is more than 99 wt%.
3. The method for preparing an air permeable material for a converter according to claim 1, wherein the purity of the anhydrous magnesium sulfate is more than 99 wt%.
4. The method for preparing the air-permeable material for the converter according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium dodecylsulfate, and the purity of the foaming agent is more than 98 wt%.
5. The method for preparing the air-permeable material for the converter according to claim 1, wherein the foam stabilizer is sodium fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
6. The method for preparing the air-permeable material for the converter according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is sodium hexametaphosphate or sodium tripolyphosphate, and the purity of the water reducing agent is more than 98 wt%.
7. The method for preparing the air-permeable material for the converter according to claim 1, wherein the calcium aluminate cement: al (Al)2O3Is greater than 65 wt%; SiO 22Less than 0.5 wt%; fe2O3Is less than 0.3 wt%.
8. The method for preparing the air permeable material for the converter according to claim 1, wherein the thermosetting phenol resin has a room temperature viscosity of less than 10000 cps and a moisture content of less than 15 wt%.
9. The method for preparing the permeable material for the converter according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is fatty acid methyl ester or propylene oxide.
10. The method for preparing a permeable material for a converter according to claim 1, wherein the purity of the ammonium metavanadate is more than 99 wt%.
11. An air-permeable material for a converter, characterized in that the air-permeable material for a converter is an air-permeable material for a converter produced by the method for producing an air-permeable material for a converter according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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CN107285807A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-10-24 武汉科技大学 A kind of lightweight periclase magnesium aluminate spinel ramming mass and preparation method thereof

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CN107285807A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-10-24 武汉科技大学 A kind of lightweight periclase magnesium aluminate spinel ramming mass and preparation method thereof

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