CN109390964A - Multiterminal flexible direct current system containing inductive type superconductive current limiter and dc circuit breaker - Google Patents
Multiterminal flexible direct current system containing inductive type superconductive current limiter and dc circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN109390964A CN109390964A CN201811435327.6A CN201811435327A CN109390964A CN 109390964 A CN109390964 A CN 109390964A CN 201811435327 A CN201811435327 A CN 201811435327A CN 109390964 A CN109390964 A CN 109390964A
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- direct current
- converter station
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- current limiter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/023—Current limitation using superconducting elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]
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Abstract
The multiterminal flexible direct current system containing inductive type superconductive current limiter and dc circuit breaker that the invention discloses a kind of, including the converter station in the m same direct current transportation rack of access, m converter station returns DC line by n and is connected with each other;Converter station uses true dipolar configuration, and positive and negative polarities MMC is connected to converter station positive and negative direct current bus by inductive type superconductive current limiter;Dc circuit breaker is installed between DC line and DC bus, inductive type superconductive current limiter is in series by superconductive current limiter ontology and stable state overcurrent protection.The present invention is based on inductive type superconductive current limiter, the requirement to dc circuit breaker drop-out current in multiterminal flexible direct current power grid can reduce, wherein superconduction winding is not in quench state, and recovery time is shorter, so that system has the possibility restarted;The present invention can substitute effect of the smoothing reactor in terms of fault current inhibition, avoid smoothing reactor excessive to the adverse effect of direct current system performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric system transmission & distribution electro-technical fields, and in particular to one kind is containing inductive type superconductive current limiter and directly
Flow the multiterminal flexible direct current system of breaker.
Background technique
Using flexible direct current as the technology of transmission of electricity of new generation of representative, in recent years long-distance and large-capacity power transmission occasion show compared with
Develop on a large scale potentiality.From the angle of the physical characteristic of itself, flexible DC transmission technology has evaded commutation failure problem, AC fault
Period is still able to maintain certain power delivering capability, and interruption in power will not occur, and receiving end power grid faces during reducing failure
Power/ability energy impact;From the angle of topological structure, flexible direct current system is easily formed multiterminal configuration dispersion access exchange system
System, compared to the high-power concentration access of customary DC single-point, multiterminal power dispersion, which is entered to help to make full use of, existing send receiving end
The ability to transmit electricity of power grid and the safety for improving AC network;From with the reciprocation angle of closing on customary DC, flexible direct current
System has certain reactive voltage enabling capabilities under the constraint of design capacity, and AC fault can be to exchange system during restoring
Unite it is counter send idle, accelerate system voltage resume speed, be conducive to be promoted and close on the commutation failure recovery capability of customary DC.It can be with
Think, the soft lineal system of multiterminal is the important application trend of the following flexible DC transmission technology.
The multiterminal flexible direct current system to have put into operation at present generallys use cable as DC power transmission line, it is contemplated that direct current
The cable failure rate is very low, and direct current cables failure is usually permanent fault, therefore is exchanged under normal conditions by tripping
Breaker handles DC Line Fault.For the following multiterminal flexible direct current system being suitable under remote large capacity occasion,
Under normal conditions can be using overhead line as DC line, the probability that the DC Line Faults such as flashover occur in view of overhead line is higher, moves
Make low-response and the strategy for impacting biggish tripping alternating-current switch to ac and dc systems is not too much applicable in.
It is that processing multiterminal flexible direct current system is straight that academic circles at present and engineering circles, which are generally believed using high voltage DC breaker,
Flow the preferred plan of failure.However under actual conditions, the short circuit current of high-voltage large-capacity flexible HVDC transmission system usually can be
The decades of times for rising to rated value after failure within several milliseconds, considerably beyond the connecting-disconnecting function of current high voltage DC breaker.
It is typically employed on DC line at present and installs the method for smoothing reactor to reduce the requirement to breaker drop-out current, flat wave
Although reactance can inhibit fault current climbing to a certain extent, excessive smoothing reactor will increase direct current system
Response time, result even in direct current system unstability.
With the development of high temperature superconductor technology, flexibility is handled by the cooperation of superconductive current limiter and high voltage DC breaker
Direct current system DC Line Fault, it is promising.According to the difference of current limiter impedance operator after failure, superconductive current limiter can be with
It is divided into resistor-type and inductive type two major classes.In contrast, resistance-type current restrictor small volume, structure is simple, but limits after quenching
It is longer to flow device recovery time;Inductive type current limiter volume is larger, but is not in quench state, and recovery time is shorter;From straight
From the point of view of direct current system restarts required angle after stream failure, inductive type current limiter is more suitable for applying since recovery time is shorter
Using in the multiterminal flexible direct current system of overhead line.
Up to the present, it has been disclosed that most documents substantially only research resistive superconducting current limiter in soft lineal system
Application.In order to give full play to the technical advantage of inductive type superconductive current limiter, research includes inductive type superconductive current limiter and direct current
The multiterminal flexible direct current system topology of breaker has a very important significance.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned, it is flexible straight containing the multiterminal of inductive type superconductive current limiter and dc circuit breaker that the present invention provides a kind of
Streaming system, the technical solution are utilized the high resistant characteristic after the low-resistance characteristic and failure of superconductive current limiter in normal work, keep away
Having exempted from excessive smoothing reactor bring influences, and has given full play to the connecting-disconnecting function of dc circuit breaker under the conditions of the prior art;Together
When, the present invention is by means of the quick restorative of inductive type superconductive current limiter, so that become can for quickly restarting after DC Line Fault
Energy.
A kind of multiterminal flexible direct current system containing inductive type superconductive current limiter and dc circuit breaker, including m are a and respective
The converter station of AC network connection, the converter station access in same direct current transportation rack, and m converter station returns direct current by n
Route is connected with each other, and the head and end of the DC line is respectively connected to the DC bus of two different converter stations, and any two
There is the access being made of DC line between a converter station, m is the natural number greater than 1, and n is natural number and n >=m-1.
Further, the converter station is all made of true dipolar configuration i.e. positive and negative anodes and all has independent inverter, described to change
Flow device using based on half-bridge sub-module cascade modularization multi-level converter (Modular Multilevel Converter,
MMC)。
Further, the high direct voltage end of positive inverter connects by inductive type superconducting direct current limiter in the converter station
It is connected to the positive DC bus of converter station, the DC low-voltage end of positive inverter is connect with the high direct voltage end of cathode inverter,
The negative DC bus that the DC low-voltage end of cathode inverter is connected to converter station by passing through inductive type superconducting direct current limiter.
Further, dc circuit breaker is installed between the DC line and converter station DC bus.
Further, the inductive type superconductive current limiter is made of two parts, respectively superconductive current limiter ontology and stable state
Overcurrent protection, the two, which is adopted, to be connected serially.
Further, the superconductive current limiter ontology uses saturated core type superconductive current limiter, including port type iron core, leads
Body winding, superconduction winding and DC excitation power;Wherein, conductor winding and superconduction winding are wound in iron core two sides respectively and form coupling
It closes, the Same Name of Ends of conductor winding is connect with inverter, and the different name end of conductor winding is connect with stable state overcurrent protection, superconduction
The Same Name of Ends of winding and the anode of DC excitation power connect, and the different name end of superconduction winding and the cathode of DC excitation power connect
It connects.
Further, direct current is miscarried in the flow direction and superconduction winding that direct fault current generates in conductor winding
Raw flow direction is opposite.
Further, the stable state overcurrent protection shifts branch by electric current and current-limiting resistance composes in parallel, described
Electric current transfer branch routes supper-fast mechanical switch and electric current transfer switch is composed in series.
Further, the electric current transfer switch is composed in series by the IGBT pipe of the anti-simultaneously diode of multiple bands, wherein one
Half IGBT pipe uses Opposite direction connection using positive connection, the other half IGBT pipe, and the base stage of all IGBT pipes, which receives, to be come from
The switch control signal that external equipment provides.
Further, electric current transfer branch is in closed state under normal condition, when its connected converter station locking or directly
Electric current transfer branch can just be cut-off when dc circuit breaker between Flow Line and converter station DC bus can not be cut-off.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention has following advantageous effects:
(1) it the present invention is based on inductive type superconductive current limiter, can reduce to dc circuit breaker in multiterminal flexible direct current power grid
The requirement of drop-out current.
(2) superconduction winding of the invention is not in quench state, recovery time is shorter, so that system has and restarts
It may.
(3) present invention can substitute effect of the smoothing reactor in terms of fault current inhibition, avoid smoothing reactor mistake
Greatly to the adverse effect of direct current system performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of three-terminal flexible direct-current power transmission system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is converter station structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic equivalent circuit of inductive type superconductive current limiter of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of superconductive current limiter ontology of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of stable state overcurrent protection of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of dc circuit breaker in Practical Project.
Fig. 7 is the fault current simulation comparison schematic diagram that dc circuit breaker is flowed through before and after installing superconductive current limiter.
Specific embodiment
In order to more specifically describe the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment is to technical solution of the present invention
It is described in detail.
The present invention contains the multiterminal flexible direct current system of inductive type superconductive current limiter and dc circuit breaker, including m and friendship
The converter station of galvanic electricity net connection, m converter station access in same direct current transportation rack;M converter station returns DC line phase by n
Connect (n >=m-1), and the head and end of all DC lines is all connected to converter station DC bus, and any two converter station
Between exist DC line composition access.
As shown in Fig. 2, converter station is all made of true dipolar configuration, positive and negative anodes all have independent inverter, and inverter uses
The modularization multi-level converter being made of half-bridge submodule.Inductive type is passed through at the high voltage direct current end of positive inverter in converter station
Superconducting direct current limiter is connected to converter station positive DC bus;The low-voltage direct end of cathode inverter is straight by inductive type superconduction
Stream current limiter is connected to converter station negative DC bus, and dc circuit breaker is installed between DC line and DC bus.
As shown in figure 3, inductive type superconductive current limiter is made of two parts, it is that superconductive current limiter ontology and stable state are excessively electric respectively
Protective device is flowed, the two, which is adopted, to be connected serially.
As shown in figure 4, superconductive current limiter ontology use saturated core type superconductive current limiter, comprising a port type iron core,
One conventional conductor winding, a superconduction winding and a DC excitation power;Superconduction winding is connected with DC excitation power,
Conventional conductor winding is connected in external circuit, and needs to meet the magnetic flux side that failure DC current generates in conventional conductor winding
To this condition opposite with the flow direction of DC current generation in superconduction winding.
As shown in figure 5, stable state overcurrent protection includes that current-limiting resistance and electric current connected in parallel shift branch, electric current
Transfer branch routes supper-fast mechanical switch and has the IGBT and anti-parallel diodes composition of two-way through-current capability;Normal condition
Lower electric current transfer branch is in closed state;When converter station locking or dc circuit breaker can not be cut-off, electric current shifts branch
It can just cut-off.
As shown in fig. 6, dc circuit breaker employed in Practical Project can generally be divided into three parallel branches at present,
Respectively electric current transfer branch, main circuit breaker branch and energy dissipation branch;Wherein, electric current transfer branch routes supper-fast machinery and opens
The IGBT and anti-parallel diodes for closing and having two-way through-current capability are constituted, and can realize failure by shutdown IGBT after failure
Electric current is transferred to the function of main circuit breaker branch;The IGBT and anti-parallel diodes of main circuit breaker branch routing two-way stream ability
(series connection number shifts branch more than electric current) is constituted, for thoroughly cut-offfing fault current;Energy dissipation branch routes arrester and constitutes,
The energy stored for reactor in DC Line Fault circuit of dissipating.
For superconductive current limiter ontology of the present invention, under normal circumstances, due to flowing through a certain size in superconduction winding
Electric current, port type iron core are in depth saturation state, generated in port type iron core certain magnetic flux hardly follow conventional conductor around
The variation of electric current is flowed through in group and is changed, therefore superconductive current limiter shows low impedance state at this moment.After failure occurs, often
The DC current flowed through in rule conductor winding rises rapidly, and port type iron core is gradually converted into undersaturated condition, conventional at this time to lead
The variation of electric current will lead to the variation of magnetic flux in port type iron core in body winding, thus superconductive current limiter show at this moment it is larger
Reactance.Biggish reactance can directly limit the fault current climbing under flexible direct current system direct current failure, to guarantee
Direct fault current is no more than the maximum direct current connecting-disconnecting function of dc circuit breaker under current technical conditions, it is ensured that DC Line Fault
Reliably cut-off.
Due to the one-way of failure DC current under DC Line Fault, superconductive current limiter ontology of the present invention only includes one
Port type iron core, it can be ensured that fault current larger reactance occurs when increasing.Due in the inductive type superconductive current limiter of failure front and back
Superconduction winding be not in quench state, therefore even if faulty line cut-off after reclosing at once, superconductive current limiter also can one
It is straight in running order, it is ensured that faulty line can reliably be cut-off.In addition, inductive type superconductive current limiter of the present invention is only installed at and changes
The outlet of device direct current is flowed, compared with the scheme for being mounted on DC line both ends, can be substantially reduced in multiterminal flexible direct current system
The quantity of superconductive current limiter reduces cost.
In view of superconductive current limiter ontology it is possible that failure or other unusable states, therefore in addition to current limiter
Except ontology, present invention also adds stable state overcurrent protection, on the one hand stable state overcurrent protection is using straight
The mode that resistance is added in stream fault loop reduces the climbing and peak value of failure DC current, guarantees superconductive current limiter ontology not
It the reliable of DC Line Fault can be cut-off in the case of;On the other hand be using in DC Line Fault circuit addition resistance in the way of reduce
Failure DC current steady-state value can be used directly to the size of fault current after inhibition converter blocking.
We carry out simulating, verifying to present system below, and Fig. 1 is the structure of three-terminal flexible direct-current power transmission system, this three
Hold flexible HVDC transmission system parameter as shown in table 1:
Table 1
In simulation model, dc circuit breaker is using perfect switch with lightning arrester connected in parallel come equivalent;Superconductive current limiter ontology
With DC current, according to piecewise linear function variation, (for anode, flow out inverter with DC current is equivalent variable inductance
Positive direction;For cathode, using DC current flow into inverter as positive direction): when DC current be less than origination action electric current or
When person is greater than termination action current, equivalent inductance zero;When DC current is greater than origination action electric current and is less than maximum induction pair
When answering electric current, equivalent inductance changes with DC current according to linear rule;DC current is greater than maximum induction corresponding current and small
When terminating action current, equivalent inductance changes with DC current according to linear rule.
Assuming that the generation anode single phase metal ground fault at 1 midpoint of DC line (assuming that failure betides 1.0s, is only closed
Infuse the short circuit current after failure occurs within 20ms), Fig. 7 gives the fault current that breaker 1~4 is flowed through in system (to just
For pole, using DC current outflow inverter as positive direction).It can be found that breaker 1 and breaker 2 for failure pole and
Speech, drop-out current need to only reach 7.5kA, fully meet the current breaking capacity of current mainstream high voltage DC breaker, thus
Demonstrate effectiveness of the invention.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is for that can understand and apply the invention convenient for those skilled in the art.
Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to above-described embodiment, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, ability
Field technique personnel announcement according to the present invention, the improvement made for the present invention and modification all should be in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multiterminal flexible direct current system containing inductive type superconductive current limiter and dc circuit breaker, it is characterised in that: including m
A converter station connecting with respective AC network, the converter station access in same direct current transportation rack, and m converter station passes through
N returns DC line and is connected with each other, and the head and end of the DC line is respectively connected to the DC bus of two different converter stations,
There is the access that is made of DC line between any two converter station, m is the natural number greater than 1, n be natural number and n >=
m-1。
2. multiterminal flexible direct current system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the converter station is all made of true bipolar junction
Structure, that is, positive and negative anodes all have independent inverter, and the inverter is changed using the modular multilevel based on half-bridge sub-module cascade
Flow device.
3. multiterminal flexible direct current system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: positive inverter in the converter station
High direct voltage end is connected to the positive DC bus of converter station, the direct current of positive inverter by inductive type superconducting direct current limiter
Low-pressure end is connect with the high direct voltage end of cathode inverter, and the DC low-voltage end of cathode inverter passes through straight by inductive type superconduction
Stream current limiter is connected to the negative DC bus of converter station.
4. multiterminal flexible direct current system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the DC line and converter station direct current
Dc circuit breaker is installed between bus.
5. multiterminal flexible direct current system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the inductive type superconductive current limiter is by two
Part is constituted, respectively superconductive current limiter ontology and stable state overcurrent protection, and the two, which is adopted, to be connected serially.
6. multiterminal flexible direct current system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the superconductive current limiter ontology is using full
With core type superconductive current limiter, including port type iron core, conductor winding, superconduction winding and DC excitation power;Wherein, conductor around
Group is wound in the formation of iron core two sides respectively with superconduction winding and couples, and the Same Name of Ends of conductor winding is connect with inverter, conductor winding
Different name end connect with stable state overcurrent protection, the anode of the Same Name of Ends of superconduction winding and DC excitation power connects, and surpasses
The cathode at the different name end and DC excitation power of leading winding connects.
7. multiterminal flexible direct current system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: direct fault current is in conductor winding
The flow direction of generation is opposite with the flow direction that DC current in superconduction winding generates.
8. multiterminal flexible direct current system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the stable state overcurrent protection by
Electric current transfer branch and current-limiting resistance compose in parallel, and the electric current transfer branch routes supper-fast mechanical switch and electric current transfer switch
It is composed in series.
9. multiterminal flexible direct current system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the electric current transfer switch is by multiple
The IGBT pipe of the anti-simultaneously diode of band is composed in series, and wherein the IGBT pipe of half is used using positive connection, the other half IGBT pipe
Opposite direction connection, the base stage of all IGBT pipes receive the switch control signal provided from external equipment.
10. multiterminal flexible direct current system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: electric current shifts branch under normal condition
In closed state, when its connected converter station locking or dc circuit breaker between DC line and converter station DC bus without
Electric current transfer branch can just be cut-off when method is cut-off.
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Cited By (11)
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CN110212505A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-06 | 清华大学 | The flexible HVDC transmission system current-limiting reactor choosing method of based superconductive current limiter |
CN110265986A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-20 | 上海交通大学 | Direct current limiter topological structure suitable for flexible HVDC transmission system |
CN110581539A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-17 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | protection device and protection method for direct-current power distribution network |
CN110880735A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-13 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Self-starting method for superconducting cable of medium-voltage power distribution network |
CN111600286A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-08-28 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 | Coordination control method for superconducting current limiter and direct current breaker |
CN112421591A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-26 | 国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Low-voltage current-limiting fixed value adjusting method for restraining flexible direct current near-zone three-phase short-circuit current |
CN112467702A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-09 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Converter station containing hybrid inductance type superconducting current limiter and direct current breaker and direct current fault processing method thereof |
CN112865094A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-05-28 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Coordination control method and device for restarting low-voltage line of multi-terminal direct-current power transmission system |
CN113036724A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-25 | 东南大学 | Flexible direct-current short-circuit fault protection method based on thyristor chain and superconducting current limiter |
CN113991623A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-28 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 | Flexible multi-terminal direct-current power transmission system, direct-current fault ride-through method and control device thereof |
CN114336556A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 天津大学 | Mixed type superconducting direct current limiter and self-adaptive mixed current limiting method |
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Cited By (18)
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CN110212505A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-06 | 清华大学 | The flexible HVDC transmission system current-limiting reactor choosing method of based superconductive current limiter |
CN110212505B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-07-10 | 清华大学 | Method for selecting current-limiting reactance of flexible direct-current transmission system based on superconducting current limiter |
CN110265986A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-20 | 上海交通大学 | Direct current limiter topological structure suitable for flexible HVDC transmission system |
CN110581539A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-17 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | protection device and protection method for direct-current power distribution network |
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