CN109387384B - Automatic bidirectional counterforce frame - Google Patents
Automatic bidirectional counterforce frame Download PDFInfo
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- CN109387384B CN109387384B CN201811227824.7A CN201811227824A CN109387384B CN 109387384 B CN109387384 B CN 109387384B CN 201811227824 A CN201811227824 A CN 201811227824A CN 109387384 B CN109387384 B CN 109387384B
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 55
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/007—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by applying a load, e.g. for resistance or wear testing
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic bidirectional counterforce frame, which comprises a stand column, a main beam connected with the stand column and a loading beam connected on the main beam, wherein a connecting mechanism is arranged in the stand column and is movably connected with the stand column, and the main beam is fixedly connected with the connecting mechanism; the inside of the upright post is also provided with a lifting mechanism which operates in the vertical direction, and the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected with the connecting mechanism and is used for adjusting the height of the main beam in the vertical direction; the inside of girder is equipped with horizontal migration mechanism, and horizontal migration mechanism includes along the horizontal direction motion, and extends to the outside nut of girder, and the nut is located the outside part of girder and is connected with the overlap joint spare, and loading beam fixed mounting is on this overlap joint spare. The invention can improve the strength, the overall stability and the flexibility of the reaction frame, ensure the safety under the action of static load and dynamic load, and can load horizontally and vertically.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of structural tests, and particularly relates to an automatic bidirectional reaction frame.
Background
In the teaching and scientific research experiments in the field of structural engineering, the reaction frame is a stock device and can provide additional load and constraint reaction force for the test piece. The reaction frame with the most application at present is generally composed of an upright post, a main beam and a loading beam, and has the characteristics of sufficient strength, rigidity and stability, simplicity in operation, simplicity in structural force transmission and the like. However, conventional reaction frame systems still suffer from the following disadvantages:
the first and traditional reaction frames are fixed with the reaction ground grooves of a laboratory only through anchor bolts or bolts, the lateral acting force resistance is weak, and the stability of the test piece in the plane can not be ensured in the loading process. However, the lateral movement of the upright post can influence the damage form of the test piece, so that the test data is greatly influenced;
secondly, the traditional reaction frame has larger mass of the main beam and the loading beam, so that the difficulty and the complexity are higher in adjusting the position of the main beam and the loading beam;
thirdly, the upright posts and the beams of the traditional reaction frame are connected by common bolts, so that the strength and the stability are weak, the safety is poor under the action of dynamic load, and the disassembly is complicated;
fourth, traditional reaction frame function is comparatively single, can only do vertical load test or horizontal load test generally, often can not satisfy the test requirement in two directions, or the horizontal load bearing capacity that provides is not enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic bidirectional counterforce frame, which improves the strength, the overall stability and the flexibility of the counterforce frame, ensures the safety under the action of static load and dynamic load, and can carry out loading in two directions of horizontal and vertical.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an automatic bidirectional counterforce frame comprises a stand column, a main beam connected with the stand column and a loading beam connected on the main beam, wherein,
the connecting mechanism comprises a telescopic limit column and is movably connected with the upright column through the limit column;
the inside of the upright post is also provided with a lifting mechanism which operates in the vertical direction, and the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected with the connecting mechanism and is used for adjusting the height of the main beam in the vertical direction;
the inside of girder is equipped with horizontal migration mechanism, horizontal migration mechanism includes along the horizontal direction motion, and extends to the outside nut of girder, the nut is located the outside part of girder and is connected with the overlap joint spare, loading beam fixed mounting is on this overlap joint spare.
Further, the connecting mechanism comprises a metal block, a spring, a coil, a shell and the limit post, wherein,
the coil is arranged inside the metal block;
the limiting column is connected to the surface of the metal block through a spring and is made of iron-containing metal materials;
the two side surfaces of the upper part of the upright post are provided with first limiting holes, the end part of the main beam extends to the two side surfaces of the upright post, which are provided with the first limiting holes, and the extending part is provided with second limiting holes corresponding to the first limiting holes, and the limiting post penetrates through the first limiting holes and the second limiting holes in an extending state;
the metal block, the spring and the coil are all arranged inside the shell, the middle positions of the shell in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are respectively provided with a horizontal fixing hole and a vertical fixing hole, the surface of the shell is provided with a guide hole corresponding to the limit column, and the limit column penetrates through the guide hole and performs limit movement along the direction of the guide hole.
Further, the bracing piece is the level setting, and the bracing piece extends to the inside of stand by the inside of girder to fixed cross-under in the horizontal fixed hole of casing, the corresponding side of stand is equipped with along stand direction of height extension, dodges the first slot of bracing piece motion path.
Further, the lifting mechanism comprises a gear, a motor and a chain, wherein,
the motor is arranged at the inner bottom of the upright post provided with a first limiting hole part;
the two gears are respectively arranged on the output shaft of the motor and the inner top of the upright post;
the chain is in a circular path and is matched with the two gears to realize the transmission of force between the gears; the two vertical fixing holes of the shell are arranged, and in the chains in the annular path, the chain on one side movably passes through one fixing hole, and the chain on the other side is fixedly arranged in the other fixing hole in a penetrating mode through the clamp.
Further, the fixture comprises a first clamping block and a second clamping block which are matched with each other, a plurality of grooves are formed in the surface of the first clamping block, a plurality of protrusions corresponding to the grooves are formed in the surface of the second clamping block, the protrusions penetrate through rolling rings of the chain to be matched with the grooves, and limiting convex shoulders matched with the shell are formed in the bottoms of the first clamping block and the second clamping block.
Further, the horizontal moving mechanism comprises a motor, an external thread shaft and the nut, wherein,
the motor is arranged on one side in the main beam;
the external thread shaft is connected with an output shaft of the motor and is driven by the output shaft of the motor to do rotary motion;
the nut is sleeved on the surface of the external thread shaft, and horizontal movement is realized when the external thread shaft rotates.
Further, the nut comprises a threaded ferrule sleeved on the surface of the external threaded shaft, the top of the threaded ferrule is sunken, a central column is nested in the sunken area, the central column is connected with a spring at one end close to the threaded ferrule, the other end of the central column extends to the outside of the main beam, a flat plate is connected to the extending part, lap joint holes are formed in four end corners of the flat plate, and a second groove avoiding a movement path of the central column is formed in the top of the main beam.
Further, the lap joint piece comprises four bearing rods which are respectively penetrated and fixed in the lap joint holes of the flat plate, the bearing rods extend towards the direction far away from the flat plate and extend to the length of the bearing rods to be greater than the height of the main beam, the bottom of the bearing rods is provided with a bearing plate, and the loading beam is fixed on the bearing plate.
Further, embedded fixed establishment that has of bottom of stand, fixed establishment includes:
a fixed housing connected to the upright;
the metal column is arranged at the inner center of the fixed shell, and a coil is arranged in the metal column;
the movable metal plate that sets up in the metal column side, the inside of metal plate is equipped with the coil, the surface of metal plate is connected with the reference column, ground reservation has the locating hole that is used for the reference column to alternate fixed under operating condition.
Further, the upright is connected with a horizontal beam at a position 0.5-0.6 m higher than the ground, the side face of the horizontal beam is connected with a plurality of diagonal braces, one end of each diagonal brace is fixed with the horizontal beam through a bolt, and the other end of each diagonal brace is fixed with the ground through a fixing mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The fixed connection mode of the upright post and the ground is flexible and stable, and can meet the action of static and dynamic loads;
2) During the structural test, loading in the horizontal direction, loading in the vertical direction or loading in the horizontal and vertical directions can be carried out;
3) The height of the main beam and the horizontal position of the loading beam can be adjusted by the controller according to the size and the length of the test piece;
4) The connection strength and rigidity of the upright post and the main girder are enhanced through the horizontal beam and the diagonal brace.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an automatic bi-directional reaction frame of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the automatic bi-directional reaction frame of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the connecting mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the main beam of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a lifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a clamp of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection of the lifting mechanism to an embodiment of the connecting mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the lifting mechanism and the connecting mechanism of the present invention mounted inside a column;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a horizontal moving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a nut of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a horizontal movement mechanism and strap connection of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the fixing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the fixing mechanism of the present invention with the ground;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the diagonal brace of the present invention.
In the drawings:
1. a column; 11. a gear; 12. a chain; 13. a clamp; 131. a first clamping block; 132. a second clamping block; 133 limit shoulders; 14. a motor; 15. a first limiting hole; 2. a main beam; 21. a second limiting hole; 22. filling blocks; 23. a side plate; 24. a support rod; 3. loading a beam; 4. a diagonal brace; 41. a bolt; 42. an expansion board; 5. a horizontal beam; 6. ground surface; 61. presetting a groove; 7. a fixing mechanism; 71. positioning columns; 72. a universal wheel; 73. a metal column; 74. a metal plate; 75. a fixed housing; 8. a connecting mechanism; 81. a limit column; 82. a coil; 83. a metal block; 84. a spring; 85. a housing; 86. a horizontal fixing hole; 87. a vertical fixing hole; 9. a bridge; 91. a load-bearing rod; 92. a bearing plate; 10. a horizontal movement mechanism; 101. an external threaded shaft; 102. a nut; 103. a bearing seat; 1021. a threaded ferrule; 1022. a center column; 1023. and (3) a flat plate.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present embodiment provides an automatic bi-directional reaction frame, which includes 4 columns 1 in square distribution, main beams 2 respectively connected between the front row 2 of columns 1 and the rear row 2 of columns 1, 2 load beams 3 connected between the front row 2 of main beams 2 and the rear row 2 of main beams 2, horizontal beams 5 connected between the left and right sides of the 2 columns 1, and a plurality of diagonal braces 4 connected to the sides of the horizontal beams 5, wherein the number and arrangement of the columns 1, the main beams 2, the load beams 3, the diagonal braces 4 and the horizontal beams 5 are one preferred arrangement method of the present embodiment, and can be adjusted according to loading requirements in other embodiments.
The inside of stand 1 is equipped with coupling mechanism 8, girder 2 with coupling mechanism 8 rigid coupling, stand 1 and coupling mechanism 8 swing joint, stand 1 of this embodiment is the box cross section, and its cross section internal dimension is 300×300mm, thickness 50mm.
As shown in fig. 3, the connection mechanism 8 includes a metal block 83, a spring 84, a coil 82, a housing 85, and the limit post 81, wherein: the coil 82 is mounted inside the metal block 83, and a power supply capable of supplying power to the coil 82 is connected to both ends of the coil 82.
The limiting columns 81 are connected to the surface of the metal block 83 through springs 84, the limiting columns 81 are made of iron-containing metal materials, the metal block 83 is made of silicon steel materials in the embodiment, the limiting columns 81 are iron columns and are solid columns with phi 60mm, and 4 limiting columns are arranged on two corresponding side faces of the metal block 83 according to 2 rows and 2 columns respectively.
The two side surfaces of the upper part of the upright post 1 are provided with first limiting holes 15, the end part of the main beam 2 extends to the two side surfaces of the upright post 1 provided with the first limiting holes 15, the extending part is provided with second limiting holes 21 corresponding to the first limiting holes 15, and the limiting post 81 penetrates through the first limiting holes 15 and the second limiting holes 21 in an extending state and is used for fixing the upright post 1 and the main beam 2.
The metal block 83, the spring 84 and the coil 82 are all arranged inside the casing 85, the metal block 83 is respectively provided with a horizontal fixing hole 86 and a vertical fixing hole 87 at the middle positions of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the horizontal fixing hole 86 and the vertical fixing hole 87 extend from the metal block 83 to the surface of the casing 85 for connecting components, and the horizontal fixing hole 86 and the vertical fixing hole 87 in the embodiment are round holes with phi 30 mm. The surface of the shell 85 is provided with a guide hole corresponding to the limit post 81, and the limit post 81 passes through the guide hole and performs limit movement along the direction of the guide hole.
As shown in fig. 4, the main beam 2 is a rectangular cylindrical structure, two filling blocks 22 are fixedly connected to two ends of the inside of the cylindrical structure, in this embodiment, in order to enhance the stability of connection between the filling blocks 22 and the main beam 2, the filling blocks 22 with shapes matched with the cross-sectional area of the main beam 2 are adopted, 2 supporting rods 24 are connected to the side, which is close to the upright post 1, of the filling blocks 22, the supporting rods 24 and the filling blocks 22 can be connected in a welding, riveting, threaded matching or other connection mode, the supporting rods 24 in this embodiment are solid round rods with phi 30mm, the supporting rods 24 are horizontally arranged, extend into the upright post 1 from the inside of the main beam 2, and are connected in the horizontal fixing holes 86 in a penetrating manner, the ends penetrating through the horizontal fixing holes 86 are fixed by locking nuts, the corresponding sides of the upright post 1 are provided with first grooves extending along the height direction of the upright post 1 and avoiding the moving path of the supporting rods 24, and the width of the grooves in this embodiment is slightly larger than the diameter of the supporting rods 24.
Two ends of the main beam 2 are connected with 2 side plates 23 which are oppositely arranged, the side plates 23 are matched with two side surfaces of the upright post 1, which are provided with first limiting holes 15, and the surfaces of the side plates 23 are provided with second limiting holes 21 corresponding to the first limiting holes 15.
When the connecting mechanism 8 works, under the condition that the coil 82 is not electrified, the limit post 81 stretches out under the elastic force of the spring 84, so that the upright post 1 and the main beam 2 are fixed through the first limit hole 15 and the second limit hole 21; when the coil 82 is energized, a magnetic field is generated by energizing the coil 82, and the metal block 83 is magnetized to generate attraction force on the magnetic limit post 81, so that the limit post 81 is retracted, the binding force between the upright post 1 and the main beam 2 is released, and displacement can be generated between the main beam 2 and the upright post 1.
The inside of stand 1 still is equipped with the elevating system of vertical direction operation, elevating system and coupling mechanism 8 rigid coupling, because girder 2 and coupling mechanism 8 rigid coupling, so the final height of girder 2 in the vertical direction of regulation of elevating system.
As shown in fig. 5, the lifting mechanism includes a gear 11, a motor 14 and a chain 12, wherein,
the motor 14 is arranged at the inner bottom of the part of the upright 1 provided with the first limiting hole 15, and the motor 14 is horizontally fixed in the upright 1 through a screw rod.
The two gears 11 are respectively arranged on the output shaft of the motor 14 and the inner top of the upright post 1, the center of the gear 11 arranged on the inner top of the upright post 1 is connected with a bearing, the inside of the bearing is connected with a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is connected with the inner top of the upright post 1 through a bolt.
The chain 12 is in a circular path and is matched with the two gears 11 to realize the transmission of force between the gears 11; the two vertical fixing holes 87 of the shell 85 are arranged, in the chain 12 in the annular path, the chain 12 on one side movably passes through one fixing hole, and the chain 12 on the other side is fixedly arranged in the other fixing hole in a penetrating manner through the clamp 13.
As shown in fig. 6, the clamp 13 includes a first clamping block 131 and a second clamping block 132 that are mutually matched, a plurality of grooves are formed on the surface of the first clamping block 131, a plurality of protrusions corresponding to the grooves are formed on the surface of the second clamping block 132, the protrusions penetrate through the rolling rings of the chain 12 to be matched with the grooves, and limit shoulders 133 matched with the shell 85 are formed at the bottoms of the first clamping block 131 and the second clamping block 132.
As shown in fig. 7, when the connecting mechanism 8 is threaded on the chain 12, the bottom of the connecting mechanism 8 is located on the limit shoulder 133 of the clamp 13, and the connecting mechanism 8 is fixedly connected with the main beam 2, so that the mass of the main beam 2 makes the connecting mechanism 8 and the clamp 13 unable to generate relative movement, and can stably follow the clamp 13 to move up and down.
As shown in fig. 8, the lifting mechanism and the connecting mechanism 8 are schematically installed inside the upright 1, before the lifting mechanism works, the coil 82 in the connecting mechanism 8 is powered to retract the limit post 81, the binding force between the upright 1 and the main beam 2 is released, the motor 14 of the rear lifting mechanism rotates to drive the two gears 11 to rotate correspondingly, the chain 12 rotates along the annular path, and the clamp 13 on the chain 12 is driven to generate up-and-down displacement, the displacement is transmitted to the main beam 2 by the connecting mechanism 8, so that the main beam 2 moves up and down along the upright 1, when the main beam 2 is adjusted to a proper height, the motor 14 stops rotating, at this time, the power supply of the coil 82 in the connecting mechanism 8 is disconnected, the limit post 81 stretches out under the elastic force of the spring 84, the upright 1 and the main beam 2 are fixed, and the height adjustment of the main beam 2 is completed.
In the structural design of the upright 1, the distance between the first limiting holes 15 on the surface of the upright 1 in the vertical direction is determined according to the displacement distance generated by the clamp 13 when the motor 14 rotates for one turn, so that when the main beam 2 needs to be adjusted to a specified height, the adjustment can be completed by controlling the rotation number of the motor 14.
As shown in fig. 9, the main beam 2 is internally provided with a horizontal moving mechanism 10, a part of the horizontal moving mechanism 10 extends to the outside of the main beam 2 and is connected with a bridging member 9, and the loading beam 3 is fixedly installed on the bridging member 9.
The horizontal moving mechanism 10 comprises a motor 14, an external threaded shaft 101 and a nut 102, wherein the motor 14 is arranged on one side in the main beam 2, the motor 14 is horizontally arranged and has a gap for avoiding the movement of the horizontal moving mechanism 10 with the inner wall of the main beam 2, and the motor 14 is fixed with the main beam 2 through a bolt bracket; the external thread shaft 101 is connected with an output shaft of the motor 14 through a coupling, and is driven by the output shaft of the motor 14 to perform rotary motion, the length of the external thread shaft 101 is smaller than that of the main beam 2, and one end of the external thread shaft 101 far away from the motor 14 is connected with a bearing seat 103 for reinforcing the fixation of the external thread shaft 101; the nut 102 is sleeved on the surface of the external threaded shaft 101, and realizes horizontal movement when the external threaded shaft 101 rotates.
It will be readily appreciated that the nut 102 is provided with a stop mechanism for limiting the rotation of the nut 102 following the externally threaded shaft 101. For example, the limiting mechanism may be a groove arranged on the nut 102 and a sliding block arranged on the main beam 2, and the groove and the sliding block are mutually matched to realize limiting of the nut 102; or the nut 102 is provided with a sliding block and a groove, wherein the sliding block is arranged on the nut 102, the groove is arranged on the main beam 2, and the groove and the sliding block are matched with each other to limit the nut 102.
Two groups of horizontal moving mechanisms 10 are arranged in each main beam 2, two motors 14 in the two groups of horizontal moving mechanisms 10 are oppositely arranged in the main beams 2, and two external thread shafts 101 are arranged in parallel, so that nuts 102 are not interfered with each other in the moving process. In the process of adjusting the position of the horizontal moving mechanism 10, the rotation of the motor can be directly controlled through a physical switch, so that the position adjustment is realized, and the nuts 102 in the two groups of horizontal moving mechanisms 10 are prevented from colliding by manual control. Further, an infrared range finder may be installed on the side of the nut 102 to prevent the nut 102 from colliding during the movement.
As shown in fig. 10, the nut 102 includes a threaded collar 1021 sleeved on the surface of the external threaded shaft 101, the top of the threaded collar 1021 is recessed, and a central column 1022 is nested in the recessed area, one end of the central column 1022 near the threaded collar 1021 is connected with a spring 84, the other end of the central column 1022 extends to the outside of the main beam 2, and is connected with a flat plate 1023 at the extending portion, lap holes are formed at four end corners of the flat plate 1023, the lap holes in this embodiment are circular holes with diameter of 20mm, a second groove avoiding the movement path of the central column 1022 is formed at the top of the main beam 2, in this embodiment, 2 grooves are formed, each nut 102 corresponding to one horizontal movement mechanism 10 is placed, and the width of the second groove is 60mm.
As shown in fig. 11, the lap joint 9 includes four bearing rods 91 respectively penetrating and fixed in the lap joint holes of the slab 1023, the bearing rods 91 are of a structure with a certain tensile strength, in this embodiment, the bearing rods 91 are assembled by taking screws as examples, the bearing rods 91 extend in a direction away from the slab 1023 and extend to a length greater than the height of the main beam 2 itself, a bearing plate 92 is mounted at the bottom of the bearing rods 91, the loading beam 3 is fixed on the bearing plate 92, in order to strengthen the bearing capacity of the bearing plate 92, the bearing plate 92 is preferably made of a metal material, the distance between the bearing plate 92 and the bottom of the main beam 2 is slightly greater than the height of the loading beam 3, and in the horizontal movement mechanisms 10 mounted on the front and rear two main beams 2 at the front and rear ends of the loading beam 3, the horizontal movement mechanisms 10 on the same loading beam 3 move consistently.
When the horizontal moving mechanism 10 works, the motor 14 rotates to drive the external thread shaft 101 to rotate, the nut 102 does not rotate along with the external thread shaft 101, so that horizontal displacement is generated under the guidance of threads, the loading beam 3 is driven to realize horizontal movement, and the motor 14 stops moving until the loading beam 3 moves to a specified position; when the loading beam 3 is required to horizontally displace in the opposite direction, only the rotation direction of the motor 14 is required to be changed.
As shown in fig. 12, the upright 1 is provided with a fixing mechanism 7 at a position embedded in the ground, and the fixing mechanism 7 includes:
the fixed casing 75 of being connected with stand 1, upper and lower fixed plate is installed respectively to the upper and lower bottom surface of fixed casing 75, and fixed establishment 7 is connected with the bottom surface of stand 1 through last fixed plate, and the surface mounting of lower fixed plate has universal wheel 72, can improve flexibility and the convenience that stand 1 removed greatly.
The fixing mechanism 7 further comprises a metal column 73 disposed at the central position inside the fixing housing 75, a first coil is disposed inside the metal column 73, the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the metal column 73 are respectively connected with the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate, and the metal column 73 in this embodiment is made of silicon steel material and has a specification of 300×400×50mm.
The side at metal post 73 is equipped with mobilizable metal sheet 74, the inside second coil that buries of metal sheet 74, the surface of metal sheet 74 is connected with reference column 71, fixed casing 75 surface is equipped with the dodge groove that limits the reference column motion route, reference column 71 and dodge the groove and can be the level setting or have certain inclination setting (for example the inclination is 45) with the horizontal plane, reference column 71 and dodge the groove in this embodiment be the level setting, reference column 71 in this embodiment is silicon steel material and be phi 20 mm's solid cylinder, has arranged 8 according to 4 rows 2 columns in each side at metal post 73.
The two ends of the first coil wound on the surface of the metal post 73 are connected with a first power supply capable of supplying power to the first coil, the two ends of the second coil embedded in the same metal plate 74 are connected with a second power supply capable of supplying power to the second coil, and the power supply work of the first power supply and the second power supply are not interfered with each other.
As shown in fig. 13, the fixing mechanism 7 needs to be embedded into the ground 6 during installation, in order to improve the matching degree between the ground 6 and the fixing mechanism 7, a preset groove 61 is provided on the ground 6 in advance, in this embodiment, the main body of the preset groove 61 is a fixed-position slot hole, the slot hole part of the preset groove 61 is slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the upright post 1, and a positioning hole extending towards the periphery is provided on the slot hole wall, and the positioning hole is correspondingly provided with the positioning post 71.
When the fixing mechanism 7 works, as shown in the left side view of fig. 13, current with the same current direction is firstly introduced into the first coil on the surface of the metal column 73 and the second coil in the metal plate 74, at this time, the magnetism of the metal column 73 and the magnetism of the metal plate 74 are opposite and attract each other, so that the positioning column 71 is retracted into the upright column 1, and then the upright column 1 is moved to the vicinity of the preset groove 61 through the universal wheel 72; as shown in the middle view of fig. 13, the portion of the column 1 provided with the fixing mechanism 7 is inserted into the preset groove 61; as shown in the right side view of fig. 13, a current with opposite current direction is introduced to the coil 82 on the surface of the metal post 73 and the coil 82 in the metal plate 74, and at this time, the magnetism of the metal post 73 and the magnetism of the metal plate 74 are the same and repel each other, so that the positioning post 71 protrudes, passes through the avoiding groove on the surface of the fixing housing 75 and protrudes into the positioning hole of the preset groove 61, thereby fixing the upright 1.
In other embodiments, the main body of the preset groove 61 may be a guide groove with a set length, the width of the guide groove is slightly larger than the sectional area of the upright 1, a plurality of groups of positioning holes extending towards the periphery are arranged on the wall of the guide groove, each group of positioning holes is arranged corresponding to the positioning column 71, and the plurality of groups of positioning holes are integrally arranged along the length direction of the guide groove. Of course, the floor 6 for fixing the column 1 may be a concrete floor or a base of steel structure.
It is easy to understand that when the reaction frame in this embodiment needs to perform single-dimensional displacement, two parallel preset grooves 61 are provided, and the upright 1 and the fixing mechanism 7 located on the same side are located in the preset groove 61 on the corresponding side, and the reaction frame in its entirety can perform single-dimensional displacement along the extending direction of the preset groove 61. When the whole reaction frame of the embodiment needs to perform two-dimensional displacement, four preset grooves 61 distributed in a cross shape are arranged, for two parallel preset grooves in the four preset grooves, the upright post 1 and the fixing mechanism 7 positioned on the same side are positioned in the preset grooves 61 on the corresponding side, and the whole reaction frame can perform two-dimensional displacement along the two extending directions of the preset grooves 61. Thereby showing the convenience that has improved the reaction frame removal of this embodiment, avoiding the reaction frame to the space interference of installing the region under the unused state, and can also be convenient for to the save of reaction frame.
As shown in fig. 14, the horizontal beam 5 is disposed at a position of the upright 1 higher than the ground by 0.5-0.6 m, a plurality of first fixing holes are formed in the side surface of the horizontal beam 5, a plurality of diagonal braces 4 are connected to the side surface, an expansion plate 42 is welded to one end of each diagonal brace 4, second fixing holes are formed in four end corners of each expansion plate 42, the diagonal braces 4 are fixed through bolts 41 inserted into the first fixing holes and the second fixing holes, the other ends of the diagonal braces 4 are fixed with the ground through fixing mechanisms 7, and the number of the diagonal braces 4 can be increased or decreased according to the size of a required load.
In order to realize synchronous displacement of the diagonal brace 4 and the upright 1, the arrangement pattern of the preset groove 61 corresponding to the fixing mechanism 7 for holding the diagonal brace 4 connected is identical to the arrangement pattern of the preset groove 61 corresponding to the fixing mechanism 7 for holding the diagonal brace 1 connected.
In this embodiment, the horizontal beam 5 is a box-shaped cross section, the inner dimension of the cross section is 300×400mm, the thickness of the horizontal beam is 50mm, and the first fixing hole is a round hole with a diameter of 36 mm; the inclined stay bar 4 is a hollow cylinder, the inner diameter phi of the inclined stay bar is 100mm, and the thickness of the inclined stay bar is 240mm; the bolt 41 is a high-strength bolt.
The automatic bidirectional reaction frame of the embodiment is assembled by the following steps:
firstly, installing universal wheels 72 at the bottoms of the upright posts 1, determining the distance between the upright posts 1 according to the size of a test sample, moving the four upright posts 1 into the position of a designated preset groove 61, and adjusting the current direction through a controller to change the magnetism of a metal post 73 and a metal plate 74 at the lower part of the upright post 1, so that the metal plate 74 and a positioning post 71 on the metal plate 74 move outwards, and the positioning post 71 is matched with a positioning hole of the preset groove 61 to achieve the effect of being fixed with the ground 6;
step two, installing the horizontal moving mechanism 10 into the main beam 2, installing the loading beam 3 on a bearing plate 92 of the lap joint 9, and connecting the bearing plate 92 with a flat plate 1023 of the horizontal moving mechanism 10 through a bearing rod 91;
thirdly, installing a lifting mechanism into the upright 1, controlling the coil 82 in the connecting mechanism 8 to be electrified, enabling the limit column 81 to retract into the upright 1, fixing the connecting mechanism 8 on the lifting mechanism, overlapping the support rod 24 in the main beam 2 on the connecting mechanism 8 after the combination of the loading beam 3 and the main beam 2 is completed, controlling the coil 82 in the connecting mechanism 8 to be powered off, enabling the limit column 81 to extend out of the upright 1 and fixing the upright 1 and the main beam 2;
and fourthly, arranging a horizontal beam 5 at the position of the upright 1, which is 0.5-0.6 m away from the ground, fixing the horizontal beam 5 and the upright 1 by adopting high-strength bolts, fixing the horizontal beam 5 and one end of the diagonal brace 4 by adopting the high-strength bolts, and fixing the other end of the diagonal brace 4 with the ground 6 by adopting a fixing mechanism 7.
When the automatic bidirectional counter-force frame is subjected to vertical and horizontal bidirectional loading or horizontal loading, the assembling of the counter-force frame is completed according to the steps, so that the strength, the rigidity and the safety of the horizontal loading of the counter-force frame are improved; when only vertical loading is carried out, under the condition that the loading test condition is required, the assembly of the horizontal beam 5 and the diagonal brace 4 can be omitted, so that the structure of the reaction frame is simplified, and the test efficiency is improved.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting it, and those skilled in the art will be able to make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention without departing from the spirit and the essence of the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An automatic bidirectional counterforce frame, which comprises a column, a main beam connected with the column and a loading beam connected with the main beam, is characterized in that,
the connecting mechanism comprises a telescopic limit column and is movably connected with the upright column through the limit column;
the inside of the upright post is also provided with a lifting mechanism which operates in the vertical direction, and the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected with the connecting mechanism and is used for adjusting the height of the main beam in the vertical direction;
the inside of the main beam is provided with a horizontal moving mechanism, the horizontal moving mechanism comprises a nut which moves along the horizontal direction and extends to the outside of the main beam, the part of the nut positioned outside the main beam is connected with a lap joint part, and the loading beam is fixedly arranged on the lap joint part;
wherein the connecting mechanism comprises a metal block, a spring, a coil, a shell and the limit post, wherein,
the coil is arranged inside the metal block;
the limiting column is connected to the surface of the metal block through a spring and is made of iron-containing metal materials;
the two side surfaces of the upper part of the upright post are provided with first limiting holes, the end part of the main beam extends to the two side surfaces of the upright post, which are provided with the first limiting holes, and the extending part is provided with second limiting holes corresponding to the first limiting holes, and the limiting post penetrates through the first limiting holes and the second limiting holes in an extending state;
the metal block, the spring and the coil are all arranged in the shell, a horizontal fixing hole and a vertical fixing hole are respectively formed in the middle of the shell in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, a guide hole corresponding to the limiting column is formed in the surface of the shell, and the limiting column penetrates through the guide hole and performs limiting movement along the direction of the guide hole;
wherein the horizontal moving mechanism comprises a motor, an external thread shaft and the nut, wherein,
the motor is arranged on one side in the main beam;
the external thread shaft is connected with an output shaft of the motor and is driven by the output shaft of the motor to do rotary motion;
the nut is sleeved on the surface of the external thread shaft, and horizontal movement is realized when the external thread shaft rotates.
2. The automatic bi-directional reaction frame of claim 1, wherein the support bar is horizontally arranged, and the support bar extends from the inside of the main beam to the inside of the stand column and is fixedly connected in the horizontal fixing hole of the shell in a penetrating way, and the corresponding side surface of the stand column is provided with a first groove extending along the height direction of the stand column and avoiding the movement path of the support bar.
3. The automated bi-directional reaction frame of claim 1 wherein the lifting mechanism comprises gears, motors, and chains, wherein,
the motor is arranged at the inner bottom of the upright post provided with a first limiting hole part;
the two gears are respectively arranged on the output shaft of the motor and the inner top of the upright post;
the chain is in a circular path and is matched with the two gears to realize the transmission of force between the gears; the two vertical fixing holes of the shell are arranged, and in the chains in the annular path, the chain on one side movably passes through one fixing hole, and the chain on the other side is fixedly arranged in the other fixing hole in a penetrating mode through the clamp.
4. The automatic bi-directional reaction frame of claim 3, wherein the clamp comprises a first clamping block and a second clamping block which are matched with each other, a plurality of grooves are formed in the surface of the first clamping block, a plurality of protrusions corresponding to the grooves are formed in the surface of the second clamping block, the protrusions penetrate through rolling rings of the chain to be matched with the grooves, and limit shoulders matched with the shell are formed in the bottoms of the first clamping block and the second clamping block.
5. The automatic bi-directional reaction frame of claim 1, wherein the nut comprises a threaded collar sleeved on the surface of the external threaded shaft, the top of the threaded collar is sunken, a central column is nested in the sunken area, the central column is connected with a spring at one end close to the threaded collar, the other end of the central column extends to the outside of the main beam, the extending part is connected with a flat plate, lap joint holes are formed at four end corners of the flat plate, and a second groove avoiding the movement path of the central column is formed at the top of the main beam.
6. The automatic bi-directional reaction frame of claim 5, wherein the bridge comprises four load-bearing bars respectively penetrating and fixed in the bridge holes of the flat plate, the load-bearing bars extend away from the flat plate and extend to a length greater than the height of the main beam, and a load-bearing plate is mounted at the bottom of the load-bearing bars, and the load-bearing beam is fixed on the load-bearing plate.
7. The automated bi-directional reaction frame of claim 1 wherein the bottom of the column is embedded with a securing mechanism comprising:
a fixed housing connected to the upright;
the metal column is arranged at the inner center of the fixed shell, and a coil is arranged in the metal column;
the movable metal plate that sets up in the metal column side, the inside of metal plate is equipped with the coil, the surface of metal plate is connected with the reference column, and the ground is reserved has the locating hole that is used for the reference column to alternate fixedly under operating condition.
8. The automatic bi-directional reaction frame of claim 7, wherein the upright is connected with a horizontal beam at a position 0.5-0.6 m higher than the ground, the side surface of the horizontal beam is connected with a plurality of diagonal braces, one end of each diagonal brace is fixed with the horizontal beam through a bolt, and the other end of each diagonal brace is fixed with the ground through the fixing mechanism.
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| CN201811227824.7A CN109387384B (en) | 2018-10-22 | 2018-10-22 | Automatic bidirectional counterforce frame |
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