CN109385492A

CN109385492A - A kind of production method and Qiu Ge of yak Qiu Ge

Info

Publication number: CN109385492A
Application number: CN201811394033.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阳勇耀; 张辉; 杨登明
Original assignee: Sichuan Mianzhu Xinshi Tannery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Mianzhu Xinshi Tannery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-21
Filing date: 2018-11-21
Publication date: 2019-02-26

Abstract

The invention belongs to tanning chemistries and field of engineering technology, and in particular to the production method of yak Qiu Ge a kind of and the Qiu Ge as made from this method.The production method of the yak Qiu Ge, comprising the following steps: step 1): raw material, immersion, water dumping, shaving are selected；Step 2): multiple immersion；Step 3): degreasing, pickling；Step 4): control water standing, secondary shaving；Step 5): depickling, softening；Step 6): multiple pickling, water dumping；Step 7): tanning；Step 8): alkali is mentioned；Step 9): control water standing, water dumping；Step 10): white oil, toggling, get damp again, fall it is soft, final finishing, classification obtain yak fur coat leather goods.The yak Qiu Ge handled by the production technology, dermatotome is soft, plentiful, fair and clear, smooth, gas permeability and good water permeability, fleece is neat, bright and clean, and elasticity is good, by store for a long time will not xanthochromia, and in production technology be formulated Chrome-free without aldehyde, save water and energy, be a kind of cleanly production technique.

Description

A kind of production method and Qiu Ge of yak Qiu Ge

Technical field

The invention belongs to tanning chemistries and field of engineering technology, and in particular to the production method of yak Qiu Ge a kind of and pass through Qiu Ge made from this method.

Background technique

China is the main production country of world yak, accounts for total 90% or more the head number of world yak, is mainly distributed on Qinghai-Tibet Platean Centered on Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan, Gansu, Xinjiang and Yunnan, height above sea level is generally in the extremely frigid zones of 3000M or more.Because of yak skin Position difference is big, and bomb fly infection rate is high, and disability is serious, and under utilization rate is very low, process hides is chiefly used in producing glove leather, luggage leather etc. Low grade products.And because Yak hair quilt is dense, a large amount of sulfide can be generated in production, pollute environment.It is, therefore, desirable to provide a kind of The production method of yak Qiu Ge to widen the application range of yak skin, and improves its manufacture craft, and exploitation yak Qiu Ge environmental protection produces Product.

Summary of the invention

Based on the above prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide the production method and Qiu Ge of a kind of yak Qiu Ge, with Leather can only be processed by solving yak ox-hide in the prior art, cannot be processed Qiu Ge, and the technology of production process pollution environment Problem.

In order to achieve the goal above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:

A kind of production method of yak Qiu Ge, comprising the following steps:

Step 1): raw material, immersion, water dumping, shaving are selected；

Step 2): multiple immersion；

Step 3): degreasing, pickling；

Step 4): control water standing, secondary shaving；

Step 5): depickling, softening；

Step 6): multiple pickling, water dumping；

Step 7): tanning；

Step 8): alkali is mentioned；

Step 9): control water standing, water dumping；

Step 10): white oil, toggling, get damp again, fall it is soft, final finishing, classification obtain yak fur coat leather goods.

Further, the step 1) specifically includes the following steps:

Step 1.1): raw material is selected；

Chequered with black and white in selection, pure white, yellow, grey, green or alternate with white hair yak, yak surface gross density are at least 2000/cm², and 80% or more is villus；Villus diameter is 0.01-0.015mm, and fine needle nominal diameter is 0.04-0.05mm, slightly Needle nominal diameter is 0.07-0.08mm；

Step 1.2): immersion；

Material skin is placed in rotary drum, water is added into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions, water temperature is 28 DEG C；Add into rotary drum Enter skin immersion agent, fur degreasing agent, hair detergent, miscellaneous bacteria agent and shield hair agent；And on the basis of amount of water, fur is added in every L water Soak agent 1g, fur degreasing agent 0.5g, hair detergent 0.5g, miscellaneous bacteria agent 0.25g, protects hair agent 0.5g；Turn 20 minutes, per hour later Turn 3 minutes, 20 hours total times or more；

The hair detergent is degreasing alcoholic compound；

Step 1.3): water dumping, shaving；

Material skin is taken out, removes excessive moisture content on fur, then pass through centrifugal dehydrator；Shaving is carried out later, removes a large amount of rouge Fat substance.

Further, the detailed process that the step 2) is soaked again are as follows:

Material skin after shaving is placed in rotary drum and carries out secondary immersion, water, water are added into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions 28 DEG C of temperature；Fur is added and on the basis of amount of water, in every L water to soak agent 1g, fur degreasing agent 1g, emulsifier 1g, hair detergent 0.5g opens line agent 1g, sterilizes grade 0.25g, protects hair agent 0.5g；Turn 20 minutes, turns per hour later 3 minutes, 20 hours total times More than.

Further, the detailed process of the step 3) degreasing, pickling are as follows:

Water is added into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions, water temperature is 35 DEG C；On the basis of amount of water, hair is added in every L water Leather degreaser 1g, emulsifier 1g open line agent 1g；Turn 20 minutes, stops later 100 minutes；

50g salt is added in every L water, turns 20 minutes；

Deliming without ammonium agent 2g is added in every L water, turns 20 minutes, stops later 40 minutes；

The formic acid 2g of 85% concentration is added in every L water, turns 20 minutes, stops later 40 minutes；

Add sulfuric acid 1g in every L water, turns 20 minutes, turn per hour later 3 minutes, total time was up to 20 hours or more；Control oil Rouge is no less than 2%, and terminal pH is controlled between (- 3.3) -3.3.

Further, in the step 5) depickling, softening detailed process are as follows:

Water is added into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions, water temperature is 35 DEG C；On the basis of amount of water, it is added in every L water 50g salt, fur degreasing agent 1g, emulsifier 1g, opens line agent 1g, hair detergent 0.5g, fatty aldehyde 0.5g, turns 20 minutes；

2g sodium formate is added in every L water, turns 20 minutes；

Sodium bicarbonate 1g turns 20 minutes in every L water, and pH is controlled between (- 4.5) -4.5；

2g active acidic enzyme is added in every L water, turns after twenty minutes, to turn per hour 3 minutes, it is 18-20 hours total.

Further, the detailed process of pickling, water dumping is answered in step 6) are as follows:

Water is added into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions, water temperature is 35 DEG C；On the basis of amount of water, hair is added in every L water Leather degreaser 1g, emulsifier 1g, turn to stop 45 minutes for 15 minutes；

Deliming without ammonium agent 2g is added in every L water, turns to stop 45 minutes for 15 minutes；

Formic acid 4g, acidproof oil 0.5g are added in every L water, turns per hour 3 minutes after turning 15 minutes, 20 hours total times；

Next day, sulfuric acid 2g was added in every L water, after turning 15 minutes, turned per hour 3 minutes, overnight 24 hours total times, pH control System is between (- 2.5) -2.5；

Water dumping.

Further, the detailed process of step 7) tanning are as follows:

Water is added into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions, water temperature is 35 DEG C；On the basis of amount of water, salt is added in every L water 40g, acidproof oil 1g turn 20 minutes；

ZTS-335 chrome-free tanning agent 15g is added in every L water, rotation after twenty minutes, turns 3 minutes, total time 20 is small per hour When.

Further, the detailed process of alkali is proposed in step 8) are as follows:

Tanning next day carries out proposing alkali process in original bath, is added on the basis of the amount of water in tannery, then into every L water Sodium formate 2g turns 20 minutes；

Sodium bicarbonate 0.6g is added in every L water, turns 20 minutes, stops 20 minutes, carries out 6-8 times altogether, stablize to pH in (- 4.2)- 4.2, turn per hour 3 minutes, 24 hours total times.

Further, the detailed process of step 10) are as follows:

White oil: brush dermatotome is stood overnight after brush；

Toggling: 40 DEG C of temperature, air velocity 1m/s of control, humidity 50% control dermatotome water content 35%；

Resurgence: clear water sprays dermatotome, stands overnight；

It falls soft: soft mode is fallen using rotary drum, control revolving speed 16r/min, 35 DEG C of temperature, humidity 60% rotates 6-8 hours；

Arrange: hair is scalded in cleaning dermatotome and hair side health, carding；

Classification, finished product: pressing hair color, and hide magnitude classification is packaged.

The present invention also provides a kind of Qiu Ge, pass through the production method of yak Qiu Ge described in any of the above-described technical solution It is made.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

The production method of yak Qiu Ge of the invention, overall flow is simple to operation, and production cost is low, and the period is short, practical Property it is strong, be suitble to produce in enormous quantities.The yak Qiu Ge handled by the production technology, dermatotome is soft, plentiful, fair and clear, smooth, breathes freely Property and good water permeability, fleece are neat, and bright and clean, elasticity is good, by store for a long time will not xanthochromia, and be formulated in production technology Chrome-free is saved water and energy without aldehyde, is a kind of cleanly production technique.And the bath foam of pickling and depickling step is repeatable in production process It uses；The tanning agent ZTS-335 used in tannery is the tanning agent formed by a variety of non-chromium nano multiple-metal ion coordinations, itself It is colourless, it can crosslink to be formed in conjunction with stable multidirectional multiple spot with the carboxyl on collagen, keep dermatotome fair and clear, plentiful, fleece light It is damp neat, dermatotome and fleece shelf-stable, color inhibition.

Specific embodiment

The production method of yak Qiu Ge of the invention is described in further detail combined with specific embodiments below.

A kind of production method of yak Qiu Ge, comprising the following steps:

Step 1): raw material, immersion, water dumping, shaving are selected；

Step 1.1): raw material is selected；

Select yak chequered with black and white, pure white, yellow, grey, green or alternate with white hair in Nagqu, yak surface gross density At least 2000/cm², and 80% or more is villus；Villus diameter is 0.01-0.015mm, and fine needle nominal diameter is 0.04- 0.05mm, bodkin nominal diameter are 0.07-0.08mm；

Step 1.2): immersion；

Immersion purpose is tentatively washed away on skin with the dirt and preservative substance on fleece, and soluble protein in production is dissolved, The water-filling degree and institutional framework for making rawhide are close to fresh hide state；Material skin is placed in rotary drum, opens water consumptions to rotary drum by 100L/ Middle addition water, water temperature are 28 DEG C；Skin immersion agent, fur degreasing agent, hair detergent, miscellaneous bacteria agent and shield hair agent are added into rotary drum；And Fur immersion agent 1g, fur degreasing agent 0.5g, hair detergent 0.5g, miscellaneous bacteria agent 0.25g are added on the basis of amount of water, in every L water, Protect hair agent 0.5g；Turn 20 minutes, turns per hour later 3 minutes, 20 hours total times or more；

It due to yak staple length, easily knots, therefore hair detergent uses degreasing alcoholic compound, with good cleaning, infiltration And dispersibility, not only allow Mao Qingjie, but also anti-hair to roll felt；

Step 1.3): water dumping, shaving；

Material skin is taken out, removes excessive moisture content on fur, then pass through centrifugal dehydrator；Shaving is carried out later, removes a large amount of rouge Fat substance, otherwise crossing many greases of sauce will affect the wetability of fibr tissue, hinders chemical materials to enter corium, causes tanning not Good, finished product hardens, dermatotome weight.

Step 2): multiple immersion；

After reaming fattiness, more help infiltration, accelerate immersion, shortens the period；Material skin after shaving is placed in and is turned Secondary immersion is carried out in drum, is added water into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions, 28 DEG C of water temperature；And on the basis of amount of water, every L Fur immersion agent 1g, fur degreasing agent 1g, emulsifier 1g, hair detergent 0.5g are added in water, opens line agent 1g, sterilizes grade 0.25g, shield Hair agent 0.5g；Turn 20 minutes, turns per hour later 3 minutes, 20 hours total times or more；Since yak neck head is tight, line is opened in addition Agent effectively disperses materials with hide glue fibril, makes skin neck head line, side abdomen wrinkle, and walnut line is opened, and integumentary pattern is more attractive, also increases to obtain leather Rate.

Step 3): degreasing, pickling；

Further slough it is intradermal cross many greases of sauce, if many of fleece grease, influence the gloss of hair, pure white and flexibility, Control grease is quite a few, and in 2%, otherwise hair is crisp, dried and withered hair, the empty thin embrittlement of dermatotome, shaky；

Water is added into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions, water temperature is 35 DEG C；Since yak fiber is compared with consolidation, dermatotome is thick, adopts More hide fiber can be promoted loose with 35 DEG C of high temperature.

On the basis of amount of water, fur degreasing agent 1g, emulsifier 1g are added in every L water, opens line agent 1g；Turn 20 minutes, it After stop 100 minutes；

50g salt is added in every L water, turns 20 minutes；

Add sulfuric acid 1g in every L water, turns 20 minutes, turn per hour later 3 minutes, total time was up to 20 hours or more；Control oil Rouge is no less than 2%, and terminal pH is controlled between (- 3.3) -3.3；

Because organic acid is mitigated than peptizaiton of the inorganic acid to hide fiber, dispersion fiber effects are good, the influence lost to skin lesion It spends small；Therefore deliming agent, which is first added, allows crowd pH slowly to decline, then is used in combination using organic acid and inorganic acid, keeps hide fiber abundant Dispersion, but not will cause cortex and be lost excessively.

Step 4): control water stands 4-7 days, and control water, which is stood, allows in hide fiber there are acid solutions further to disperse fiber, due to not It is impregnated in high concentration acid solution, collagen loss is controlled, and increases intradermal portion's fibre porosity, and skin is more evenly, soft；

Secondary shaving, the dermatotome after pickling is astringent, because subcutaneous tissue unclean after shaving early period will affect postorder workshop section The uniformity that material enters, need to cut meat again.And yak head, buttocks is thicker, and reduction position is poor after shaving, makes Hide thickness equal It is even.

Step 5): depickling, softening；

Since yak dermatotome is thicker, acid-base reaction in deacidification, hide fiber is interior to play foaming effect, increases porosity, more Fiber channel can be got through, but hair root easily loosens in loose situation, so being added has the fatty aldehyde of flexibility to consolidate hair.

2g sodium formate is added in every L water, turns 20 minutes；

Step 6): multiple pickling, water dumping；

Fiber has been opened in preceding process pickling, softening, removes excess fiber interstitial, and degreasing agent, which is first added, can more remove between fiber Free oil in gap, and acid is easier to infiltration hide fiber；

Water dumping.

Step 7): tanning；

Rawhide eliminates most dirty blood after the processing of beam house each process, dirt, grease and interfibrillar substance etc., Fleece becomes more clean, and corium fabric also obtains a degree of loose.But since fiber is not formed, after dry, fiber Again cementing, dermatotome is hardened.Finished product dampness is vulnerable to microbial attack, rotten, rotten, not chemical-resistant resistance effect.So needing tan System, what is be now widely popularized both at home and abroad has chrome tanning, oil tanning, aldehyde tannage, vegetable tanning, Combined tanning etc..For the responsibility of environmental protection, carry out Cleanly production.The present embodiment use nano multiple-metal ion coordination tanning agent, operation simplify, shorten the period, produce it is pure white, it is soft It is soft, it is plentiful, keep the natural colored of hair color.

Step 8): alkali is mentioned；

More metallic ion coordination tanning agents are identical with chrome tanning agent mechanism, the carboxylic ions and metal complex of collagen after infiltration It is firmly combined, promotes pH and more promote to combine.Low pH infiltration, pH increase complex molecule and become larger, intracutaneous association rate and Binding capacity is accelerated and is increased.

Step 9): control water standing, water dumping；

It is slow process that tanning agent, which combines, the raising for being more advantageous to tanning coefficient for 3-5 days is stood, in conjunction with stronger.

Step 10): white oil toggling, gets damp again, falls soft, final finishing, classification.

White oil: it to improve flexibility, need to refuel to skin；Using oily technique is brushed, material reduction water had both been saved, more can have It is poor targetedly to solve position, thick, hard position is brushed more, is increased pliability, is pressed using self-emulsifying, stability good grease and water Brush dermatotome is carried out after 1:3 emulsification, is stood overnight after brush；

Toggling: 40 DEG C of temperature, air velocity 1m/s of control, humidity 50% control dermatotome water content 35%, both increased Yield of leather makes skin smooth again；

Resurgence: clear water sprays dermatotome, stands overnight；

It falls soft: because the relatively other Qiu Ge areas of yak hide are larger, soft mode being fallen using rotary drum, controls revolving speed 16r/min, 35 DEG C of temperature, humidity 60% rotates 6-8 hours；

Classification, finished product: pressing hair color, and hide magnitude classification is packaged, obtains yak fur coat leather goods.

It should be noted that acid solution in production process, all Ke Xunhuanliyong production of owse, when recycling, reductionization The consumption proportion of work material.Not only save the cost, but also water-saving and emission-reducing.

The specific raw material model that the embodiment of the present invention uses is as follows:

Protect the 1910 oxazole alkanes of RT-that hair agent is Hong Feng macromolecule chemical industry company, pH:8.5-10.5；

Hair detergent is the NETLAN of Hong Feng macromolecule chemical industry company, fat alcohol compound；

Lipase is that Novi believes NOWOLASE DG；

Salt is Nacl；

Formic acid is the 85% industrial formic acid of (1:10 dilution)；

Sulfuric acid (1:20 dilution) is industrial sulphuric acid；

Deliming without ammonium agent is the DOWELLICAL DLB of Da Wei Science and Technology Co., Ltd., and pH value: (1% is water-soluble by 1.5-3 Liquid)；

Acidicenzym is the DOWELLZYM FB acid protease pH:5-7 of Da Wei Science and Technology Co., Ltd.；

Fatty aldehyde is the DOWELLTAN 618, pH:2-5 of Da Wei Science and Technology Co., Ltd.；

Chrome-free tanning agent is the ZTS-335 of Mianzhu Jin Kun Chemical Co., Ltd. production；

White oil is the OIL KA/19 of STahl company, and pH:5 ± 1 is uniformly brushed in dermatotome, often after emulsification sufficiently with wool brush 150-180 grams of dosage of square feet.

Yak Qiu Ge finished product obtained is tested, dermatotome is soft, plentiful, fair and clear, smooth, gas permeability and water penetration Good, fleece is neat, and bright and clean, elasticity is good.

Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features. All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention Within protection scope.

Claims

1. a kind of production method of yak Qiu Ge, which comprises the following steps:

Step 1): raw material, immersion, water dumping, shaving are selected；

Step 2): multiple immersion；

Step 3): degreasing, pickling；

Step 4): control water standing, secondary shaving；

Step 5): depickling, softening；

Step 6): multiple pickling, water dumping；

Step 7): tanning；

Step 8): alkali is mentioned；

Step 9): control water standing, water dumping；

2. the production method of yak Qiu Ge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1) specifically includes following Step:

Step 1.1): raw material is selected；

Chequered with black and white in selection, pure white, yellow, grey, green or alternate with white hair yak, yak surface gross density are at least 2000 Root/cm², and 80% or more is villus；Villus diameter is 0.01-0.015mm, and fine needle nominal diameter is 0.04-0.05mm, bodkin hair Diameter is 0.07-0.08mm；

Step 1.2): immersion；

Material skin is placed in rotary drum, water is added into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions, water temperature is 28 DEG C；Skin is added into rotary drum Immersion agent, fur degreasing agent, hair detergent, miscellaneous bacteria agent and shield hair agent；Fur immersion is added and on the basis of amount of water, in every L water Agent 1g, fur degreasing agent 0.5g, hair detergent 0.5g, miscellaneous bacteria agent 0.25g protect hair agent 0.5g；Turn 20 minutes, turns 3 per hour later Minute, 20 hours total times or more；

The hair detergent is degreasing alcoholic compound；

Step 1.3): water dumping, shaving；

Material skin is taken out, removes excessive moisture content on fur, then pass through centrifugal dehydrator；Shaving is carried out later, removes significant quantities of fat class Substance.

3. the production method of yak Qiu Ge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2) is soaked specific again Process are as follows:

Material skin after shaving is placed in rotary drum and carries out secondary immersion, water, water temperature 28 are added into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions ℃；Fur immersion agent 1g, fur degreasing agent 1g, emulsifier 1g, hair detergent 0.5g are added and on the basis of amount of water, in every L water, Line agent 1g is opened, grade 0.25g is sterilized, protects hair agent 0.5g；Turn 20 minutes, turns per hour later 3 minutes, 20 hours total times or more.

4. the production method of yak Qiu Ge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3) degreasing, pickling Detailed process are as follows:

Water is added into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions, water temperature is 35 DEG C；It is de- that fur is added on the basis of amount of water, in every L water Rouge agent 1g, emulsifier 1g, open line agent 1g；Turn 20 minutes, stops later 100 minutes；

50g salt is added in every L water, turns 20 minutes；

Add sulfuric acid 1g in every L water, turns 20 minutes, turn per hour later 3 minutes, total time was up to 20 hours or more；Control grease not Less than 2%, terminal pH is controlled between (- 3.3) -3.3.

5. the production method of yak Qiu Ge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that depickling, softening in the step 5) Detailed process are as follows:

Water is added into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions, water temperature is 35 DEG C；On the basis of amount of water, 50g salt is added in every L water, Fur degreasing agent 1g, emulsifier 1g, open line agent 1g, hair detergent 0.5g, fatty aldehyde 0.5g, turn 20 minutes；

2g sodium formate is added in every L water, turns 20 minutes；

6. the production method of yak Qiu Ge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that multiple pickling in step 6), water dumping Detailed process are as follows:

Water is added into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions, water temperature is 35 DEG C；It is de- that fur is added on the basis of amount of water, in every L water Rouge agent 1g, emulsifier 1g, turn to stop 45 minutes for 15 minutes；

Next day, sulfuric acid 2g was added in every L water, after turning 15 minutes, turned per hour 3 minutes, overnight 24 hours total times, and pH control exists Between (- 2.5) -2.5；

Water dumping.

7. the production method of yak Qiu Ge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the detailed process of step 7) tanning Are as follows:

Water is added into rotary drum by 100L/ water consumptions, water temperature is 35 DEG C；On the basis of amount of water, salt 40g is added in every L water, Acidproof oil 1g turns 20 minutes；

ZTS-335 chrome-free tanning agent 15g is added in every L water, rotation after twenty minutes, turns 3 minutes, 20 hours total times per hour.

8. the production method of yak Qiu Ge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that propose the detailed process of alkali in step 8) Are as follows:

Tanning next day carries out proposing alkali process in original bath, and formic acid is added on the basis of the amount of water in tannery, then into every L water Sodium 2g turns 20 minutes；

Sodium bicarbonate 0.6g is added in every L water, turns 20 minutes, stops 20 minutes, carries out 6-8 times altogether, stablizes to pH in (- 4.2) -4.2, Turn per hour 3 minutes, 24 hours total times.

9. the production method of yak Qiu Ge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the detailed process of step 10) are as follows:

White oil: brush dermatotome is stood overnight after brush；

Resurgence: clear water sprays dermatotome, stands overnight；

10. a kind of Qiu Ge, which is characterized in that its producer legal system for passing through the described in any item yak Qiu Ge of claim 1 to 9 ?.