CN109382435B

CN109382435B - Internal spinning equipment

Info

Publication number: CN109382435B
Application number: CN201710669052.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马世成; 王东坡; 张月倩; 张晨; 汪宇羿; 赵文龙
Original assignee: Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
Current assignee: Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
Priority date: 2017-08-08
Filing date: 2017-08-08
Publication date: 2020-06-16
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-08
Also published as: CN109382435A

Abstract

The invention provides internal spinning equipment which comprises a spindle box, a die transmission cylinder, a spinning wheel mechanism, a traction mechanism, a material pressing ring and a numerical control machine tool body, wherein the spinning wheel mechanism comprises a spinning wheel head mechanism, a spinning wheel radial feeding structure, a spinning wheel arm, a spinning arm seat and an axial feeding structure. The invention can realize two axial movements on the same axis, provides movement space for the inner spinning and tension spinning composite process by adopting the traction mechanism, realizes that the inner spinning traction mechanism and the spinning wheel mechanism coaxially move independently from each other, and provides guarantee for realizing the composite spinning process.

Description

Internal spinning equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to internal spinning equipment, and belongs to the technical field of internal spinning forming.

Background

The external spinning is a traditional spinning technology, and the cylindrical revolving body part with long length and external reinforcing ribs can be produced by adopting the external spinning technology, so that the external spinning technology has the characteristics of high efficiency, capability of carrying out heating spinning, capability of processing curved generatrix-shaped and conical parts and the like. However, the length of the outer spinning die is required to be longer than that of a product, the manufacturing difficulty is high, the assembly and adjustment precision is low, the production cost is high, most importantly, a split die is required to be adopted for forming the product with the inner annular reinforcing ribs by adopting an outer powerful spinning process, the die needs to be assembled and disassembled again when one product is produced, the production efficiency is extremely low, the method is not suitable for batch production, and the requirements of low cost, high efficiency, high precision and high quality of national defense industrial products cannot be met.

The inner spinning technology is a newer spinning technology, can be used for producing cylindrical revolving body parts with inner annular reinforcing ribs, has the characteristics of high product precision, high yield, high production efficiency and the like, and has certain advancement. However, the length of the die of the internal spinning technology is required to be longer than that of the product, the manufacturing difficulty is high, the assembly and adjustment precision is low, the production cost is high, most importantly, the process can only be used for producing the product with the length within 1m, if the product is too long, the contact area between the outer surface of the workpiece and the die is too large, the friction force is large, the workpiece cannot be demoulded, and the process cannot be applied to the production of large-diameter high-precision long cylindrical parts required by the national defense industrial development.

The existing internal spinning equipment is shown in fig. 6, (wherein, a spinning machine body 01, a core mold 02, a spinning wheel 03, a workpiece 04, a balance wheel mechanism 05, a screw 06, a material pressing ring 07, a spinning wheel arm 08 and a lateral sliding frame 09) adopts a lateral L-shaped cantilever type single-spinning-wheel internal spinning mechanism, the axial and radial feeding of the spinning wheel 03 is realized by driving the L-shaped spinning wheel arm 08 fixedly connected with the lateral sliding frame 09 to move integrally and radially under the driving of a motor, the spinning wheel arm is too long, the single-wheel spinning rigidity is extremely low, automatic centering spinning cannot be realized, the spinning pressure is small, spinning processing of thick-wall hard-forming materials cannot be performed, and the processing of high-precision products cannot be satisfied.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the internal spinning equipment which has high efficiency, high precision and low cost and uses a shorter core mould to process a long cylindrical product.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows: an internal spinning device comprises a spindle box, a die transmission cylinder, a spinning wheel mechanism, a traction mechanism, a material pressing ring and a numerically-controlled machine tool body, wherein the spinning wheel mechanism comprises a spinning wheel head mechanism, a spinning wheel radial feeding structure, a spinning wheel arm, a spinning arm seat, an axial feeding structure and a feeding box, the traction mechanism comprises a traction mechanism rotor, a traction mechanism rotor bearing, a traction mechanism seat and a traction mechanism axial feeding structure, the die transmission cylinder is arranged on a numerically-controlled machine tool spindle, a die is arranged at the front end of an inner cavity of the die transmission cylinder, the traction mechanism rotor is arranged in the traction mechanism seat through the traction mechanism rotor bearing, the traction mechanism seat is arranged on the numerically-controlled machine tool body, a blank is arranged on the traction mechanism rotor through the material pressing ring, the traction mechanism seat realizes axial movement through the traction mechanism axial feeding structure, the rear end of the spinning wheel arm is fixedly connected with the spinning arm seat, the rotary wheel radial feeding structure is arranged in an inner cavity of the rotary wheel arm, the rotary wheel head mechanism is connected with the rotary wheel radial feeding structure, and the rotary arm seat is arranged on a machine tool body of the numerical control machine tool and is connected with the axial feeding structure.

The spinning roller head mechanism comprises a spinning roller head main body, a wedge and three groups of spinning roller assemblies which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, each spinning roller assembly comprises a support rolling element, a spinning roller, a connecting rod and a connecting rod shaft, the spinning roller head main body is fixedly connected with the front end of a spinning roller arm, the wedge is of a triangular wedge-shaped structure in cross section, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the support rolling element, the other end of the connecting rod is connected onto the spinning roller head main body through the connecting rod shaft, the spinning roller is installed in the middle of the connecting rod, the support rolling element is pressed on an inclined plane of the wedge, and the rear end of the wedge is fixedly connected.

The cross section of the wedge iron is in a regular triangle shape, and three vertexes are rounded.

And adjacent connecting rods in the rotary wheel head mechanism are connected through springs.

The axial feeding structure comprises an axial feeding lead screw and an axial feeding driving motor.

The traction mechanism axial feeding structure comprises a traction mechanism axial feeding lead screw and a traction mechanism axial feeding driving motor.

The rotary wheel radial feeding structure comprises a rotary wheel radial feeding lead screw and a rotary wheel radial feeding driving motor.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention can realize two axial movements on the same axis, provides movement space for the inner spinning and tension spinning composite process by adopting the traction mechanism, realizes that the inner spinning traction mechanism and the spinning wheel mechanism share the axis and move independently, and provides guarantee for realizing the composite spinning process;

(2) the invention adopts a 120-degree symmetrical three-spinning-wheel structure with a special structure, and the spinning wheel head mechanism can automatically center and obtain balanced stress under the conditions that the length of a spinning arm reaches 2m and the powerful spinning pressure reaches more than ten tons, so that the rigidity of a spinning system is greatly improved;

(3) the invention adopts a cluster type cantilever structure with a built-in radial driving system on the whole design, and solves the problems of more functional parts and narrow working space of the spinning wheel mechanism;

(4) according to the invention, the wedge iron is matched with the rotary wheel assembly, so that the axial and radial motion which can be accurately controlled is converted into the radial motion of the rotary wheel head, and the accurate numerical control of the radial feeding of the rotary wheel is realized, thereby realizing the accurate axial and radial motion conversion of the rotary wheel in a narrow space and meeting the accurate control of the radial feeding amount of the rotary wheel;

(5) the invention adopts the spinning roller seat as the integral axial movement carrier of the spinning roller head mechanism and the spinning roller arm, can realize the digital and accurately controlled axial feeding movement, realizes the integration of the axial and radial feeding functions of the spinning roller on the same mechanism, and provides guarantee for realizing the axial feeding in the internal spinning process;

(6) the invention realizes that long cylindrical parts with longer size can be formed by adopting a shorter annular core mould, greatly reduces the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost of a long cylinder mould, avoids the problems of low rigidity and low use precision of the long mould, reduces the assembly and adjustment difficulty of the mould, improves the use precision and provides guarantee for forming high-precision products.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a spinning apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a spinning roller mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the combination of the spinning roller mechanism and the pulling mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rotary head structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the wedge and spinning roller assembly of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a conventional internal spinning apparatus.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings.

The spinning equipment is as shown in figure 1, and comprises a spindle box 1, a die transmission cylinder 2, a spinning wheel mechanism, a traction mechanism 9, a material pressing ring 10 and a numerically-controlled machine tool body 11, wherein the die transmission cylinder 2 is installed on the spindle of the numerically-controlled machine tool, a die 3 is installed at the front end of an inner cavity of the die transmission cylinder 2, and the spinning wheel mechanism and the traction mechanism 9 are installed on the numerically-controlled machine tool body 11.

The drawing mechanism 9 is shown in fig. 3, and comprises a drawing mechanism rotating body 901, a drawing mechanism rotating body bearing 902, a drawing mechanism seat 903, a drawing mechanism axial feed lead screw 904 and a drawing mechanism axial feed driving motor 905, wherein the drawing mechanism rotating body 901 is installed in the drawing mechanism seat 903 through the drawing mechanism rotating body bearing 902, the drawing mechanism seat 903 is installed on a guide rail of a numerical control machine tool body 11, a blank 5 is installed on the drawing mechanism rotating body 901 through a material pressing ring 10, and the drawing mechanism seat 903 realizes axial movement through the drawing mechanism axial feed lead screw 904 and the drawing mechanism axial feed driving motor 905.

The spinning wheel mechanism is shown in fig. 2 and 3 and comprises a spinning wheel head mechanism 4, a spinning wheel radial feed screw 12, a spinning wheel radial feed driving motor 13, a spinning wheel arm 6, a spinning arm seat 7, an axial feed screw 14, a feed box 8 and an axial feed driving motor 15, wherein the feed box 8 is fixed at the tail end of a lathe bed 11 of the numerical control machine, the axial feed driving motor 15 is installed in the feed box, and the center line of the feed box is superposed with the center line of a main shaft of the machine tool; the swing arm seat 7 is arranged on a guide rail of a numerical control machine tool body 11, the central line of the swing arm seat is superposed with the central line of a machine tool main shaft, and the swing arm seat 7 is connected with the feeding box 8 through an axial feeding screw 14 and can be driven by numerical control programming to enable the swing arm seat 7 to do axial feeding motion with accurately controlled speed and position; the rotary wheel arm 6 is fixed on the rotary arm seat 7 through a screw, the central line of the rotary wheel arm is superposed with the central line of the machine tool spindle, the rotary wheel arm is divided into a plurality of sections which are connected by bolts, the interior of the rotary wheel arm is hollow, and is used for placing a rotary wheel radial feed driving motor 13 and can be detached and maintained at the section; a rotary wheel radial feed driving motor 13 is fixed at one end of the inner cavity of the rotary wheel arm 6 close to the rotary wheel head mechanism 4; one end of a rotary wheel radial feed screw 12 is fixedly connected with the rotary wheel head mechanism 4, and the other end of the rotary wheel radial feed screw is arranged in the inner cavity of the rotary wheel arm 6 through a rotary wheel radial feed driving motor 13 and can drive the rotary wheel radial feed screw 12 to move through numerical control programming.

The spinning wheel head mechanism 4 is composed of three groups of spinning wheel components, spinning wheel head main bodies 406 and wedges 401 which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, each group of spinning wheel components comprises a supporting rolling body 402, a spinning wheel 403, a connecting rod 404 and a connecting rod shaft 405, the spinning wheel head main bodies 406 are fixedly connected with spinning wheel arms 6 through screws, the spinning wheels 403 are connected to the spinning wheel head main bodies 406 through the connecting rods 404 and the connecting rod shafts 405, and springs are connected between the adjacent connecting rods 404 and have the function of keeping the spinning wheels to be shrunk in a natural state; the rotary wheel radial feed screw 12 is connected with one end of the wedge 401.

The connecting rod 404 has a three-rod structure, and is used to connect and support the rolling body 402 and the roller head body 406, and transmit the axial movement of the wedge 401 to the roller 403.

As shown in fig. 5, the wedge 401 has a triangular wedge structure with a regular triangle cross section, three vertexes are rounded, so as to effectively prevent motion interference between adjacent supporting rolling bodies 402, the wedge 401 is placed inside the spinning roller head main body 406 and between three connecting rods, and is connected with a servo motor placed inside a spinning arm through a radial feed screw 12 of the spinning roller, and the servo motor drives the screw to rotate, so as to drive the wedge 10 to move axially; when the wedge 401 moves axially, 3 inclined planes contact with the supporting rolling body 402 connected with the front end of the connecting rod 404 to realize radial movement of the spinning wheel 403, the axial movement amount of the wedge 401 and the radial feeding amount of the spinning wheel 403 can be subjected to mathematical calculation to form a certain proportional relation, and the proportional relation is reflected in numerical control program control, so that numerical control program control of radial feeding of the spinning wheel 403 is realized.

The invention has not been described in detail and is in part known to those of skill in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an interior spinning equipment, includes headstock (1), mould transmission cylinder (2), mandrel (3), revolves wheel mechanism, pressure material ring (10) and digit control machine tool lathe bed (11), and install on the digit control machine tool main shaft mould transmission cylinder (2), and install at mould transmission cylinder (2) inner chamber front end mandrel (3), its characterized in that: the drawing mechanism comprises a drawing mechanism rotating body (901), a drawing mechanism rotating body bearing (902), a drawing mechanism seat (903) and a drawing mechanism axial feeding structure, wherein the drawing mechanism rotating body (901) is installed in the drawing mechanism seat (903) through the drawing mechanism rotating body bearing (902), the drawing mechanism seat (903) is installed on a numerically-controlled machine tool body (11), a blank (5) is installed on the drawing mechanism rotating body (901) through a material pressing ring (10), and the drawing mechanism seat (903) is connected with the drawing mechanism axial feeding structure to realize axial movement;

the rotary wheel mechanism comprises a rotary wheel head mechanism (4), a rotary wheel radial feeding structure, a rotary wheel arm (6), a rotary arm seat (7) and an axial feeding structure, wherein the rotary wheel arm (6) is of a hollow structure, the rear end of the rotary wheel arm (6) is fixedly connected with the rotary arm seat (7), the front end of the rotary wheel arm is fixedly connected with the rotary wheel head mechanism (4), the rotary wheel radial feeding structure is installed in an inner cavity of the rotary wheel arm (6), the rotary wheel head mechanism (4) is connected with the rotary wheel radial feeding structure, and the rotary arm seat (7) is installed on a numerically-controlled machine tool body (11) and is connected with the axial feeding structure.

2. An internal flow forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the spinning roller head mechanism (4) is composed of a spinning roller head main body (406), a wedge iron (401) and three groups of spinning roller assemblies which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, each group of spinning roller assembly comprises a supporting rolling body (402), a spinning roller (403), a connecting rod (404) and a connecting rod shaft (405), the spinning roller head main body (406) is fixedly connected with the front end of a spinning roller arm (6), the wedge iron (401) is of a triangular wedge-shaped structure in cross section, one end of the connecting rod (404) is connected with the supporting rolling body (402), the other end of the connecting rod (404) is connected onto the spinning roller head main body (406) through the connecting rod shaft (405), the spinning roller (403) is installed in the middle of the connecting rod (404), the supporting rolling body (402) is pressed on an inclined plane of the wedge iron (401), and the rear end of the wedge iron.

3. An internal flow forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the cross section of the wedge iron (401) is in a regular triangle shape, and three vertexes are rounded.

4. An internal flow forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the adjacent connecting rods (404) in the rotary wheel head mechanism (4) are connected through springs.

5. An internal flow forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the axial feeding structure comprises an axial feeding lead screw (14) and an axial feeding driving motor (15).

6. An internal flow forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the traction mechanism axial feeding structure comprises a traction mechanism axial feeding lead screw (904) and a traction mechanism axial feeding driving motor (905).

7. An internal flow forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the rotary wheel radial feeding structure comprises a rotary wheel radial feeding lead screw (12) and a rotary wheel radial feeding driving motor (13).