CN107962098B - The long cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process of modal circumferential stiffening rib in a kind of band - Google Patents
The long cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process of modal circumferential stiffening rib in a kind of band Download PDFInfo
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- CN107962098B CN107962098B CN201711327159.4A CN201711327159A CN107962098B CN 107962098 B CN107962098 B CN 107962098B CN 201711327159 A CN201711327159 A CN 201711327159A CN 107962098 B CN107962098 B CN 107962098B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
- B21D22/16—Spinning over shaping mandrels or formers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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Abstract
The invention belongs to spin forming technique fields, for a kind of long cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process of modal circumferential stiffening rib in band, it uses internal rolling technology combination spinning with tension technology, using only one group of internal diameter, different, length 400mm cyclic annular core model realizes that multi-mould, multi-pass spinning shape long cylindrical part with multiple interior modal circumferential stiffening ribs, within length 2m, and can guarantee part reinforcing rib positions and dimensions precision.This method by spinning Blank Design, the processing of spinning blank, destressing processing, blank mounting and adjusting, multi-pass spinning, turnery processing, destressing handle and etc. realization.The present invention is realized with interior modal circumferential stiffening rib, the multi-pass of long cylinder, low cost forming, stock utilization greatly improved, compared with traditional handicraft, reduce process risk and multi-pass is formed accurately the difficulty of interior modal circumferential stiffening rib, material cost is reduced, product quality is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of long cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process of modal circumferential stiffening rib in band, belong to spin forming technique
Field.
Background technique
Outside spinning is a kind of traditional spinning process technology, use outside spinning technology can it is long with production length, with additional
The tubular revolving parts of strengthening tendons, have it is high-efficient, hot spinning, the processable bent spies such as bus shape and conical part can be carried out
Point.But outside spinning die length requires to be longer than product length, manufacture difficulty is big, adjustment precision is low, high production cost, most heavy
It wants, the product using outer shear spinning process forming with interior modal circumferential stiffening rib must use valving die, every production one
Part product must dismount mold again, and production efficiency is extremely low, be not suitable for batch production, can no longer meet industrial products it is low at
The requirement of sheet, high efficiency, high-precision, high quality.
Internal rolling technology is a kind of newer rotary pressure technology, can be produced using internal rolling technology with interior modal circumferential stiffening rib
Tubular revolving parts have the characteristics that Product Precision height, high yield rate, high production efficiency, have certain advance.But
It is that internal rolling technology mould length requirement is longer than product length, and manufacture difficulty is big, adjustment precision is low, high production cost, most important
, product of the production length within 1m is only capable of using this technique, if fruit product is too long, outer surface of workpiece and mould contact surface
Product is excessive, and frictional force is big, and workpiece will be unable to demould, the long cylindrical part of large-diameter high-accuracy needed for can not being applied to industrial development
Production.
Tension internal rolling is a kind of advanced manufacturing process, but existing method only supports single mold, single pass spinning, material benefit
It is low with rate, high production cost.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortage of prior art, a kind of different, length using one group of internal diameter is provided
The cyclic annular core model of 400mm realizes that multi-mould, multi-pass spinning shape length with multiple interior modal circumferential stiffening ribs, within length 2m
Cylindrical part, and can guarantee part reinforcing rib positions and dimensions precision.
Technical solution of the invention: using internal rolling technology combination spinning with tension technology, and one group of internal diameter ruler is used only
Very little different, length 400mm cyclic annular core models realize multi-mould, multi-step forming with multiple interior modal circumferential stiffening ribs, length 2m
Within long cylindrical part, and can guarantee part reinforcing rib positions and dimensions precision.Of the invention is long with interior modal circumferential stiffening rib
Cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process includes the following steps:
The first step, spinning Blank Design:
It is equal wall thickness, straight tubular construction of the one end with evagination technique ring, the wall thickness of spinning blank by spinning Blank Design
According to multi-pass spinning reinforcing rib section and covering section, respectively total reduction is calculated and is determined t1, the length of spinning blank according to volume not
Become principle and considers reserved process allowance by product COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING gained, the outer diameter φ D of spinning blankiniAccording to outside final products
It is diameter size, true using mold number, each mold spinning is swollen mass runoff, initial blank outer surface and the first passage mould inner surface gap
It is fixed；Detailed process is as follows:
A2.1, each passage covering section of distribution and reinforcing rib section reduction, distribution principle are that covering section reduction is equal per pass
No more than limit attenuating rate, and reinforcing rib section reduction is not less than 12% per pass, this section is filled when guaranteeing the passage spinning
Point swollen diameter, mold, as premise, combination product covering section and interior reinforcing rib section wall thickness and spinning pass quantity Extrapolation
Blank thickness needed for each section improves each passage covering section reduction, reduces each passage reinforcing rib section reduction, until blank thickness
Unify and determine blank thickness t1, according to reduction distribution condition, road number and raising as needed for non-uniform thickness blank forming
Stock utilization situation determines multi-pass spinning road sub-quantity；
A2.2, foundation final product structure and the blank thickness t1 having determined, calculate according to spinning constant-volume principle
Blank theoretical length, evagination technique ring one end need to reserve the first length surplus for install positioning, the other end need to reserve the first work
Skill surplus prevents oral area from deforming dramatic impact Product Precision；
A2.3, blank outer diameter φ D of the present inventioniniMainly by final products outer diameter, mold number, each swollen diameter of mold spinning
Amount, initial blank outer surface and the first four, passage mould inner surface gap parameter are determined by following formula:
D in formulafinIt is using mold number, ξ for final products outer diameter, niIt is initial for the swollen mass runoff of each mold spinning, ε
Blank outer surface and the first passage mould inner surface gap, wherein the swollen mass runoff of spinning is related with material physical property, passes through test
Grope to determine, and initially blank outer surface and the first passage mould inner surface gap are less than 1mm.
Second step, the processing of spinning blank；
Seamless tubular goods is processed into spinning blank by the requirement of first step spinning Blank Design；Detailed process is as follows: by nothing
Slit-tube material is processed into predetermined size, shape in first step spinning Blank Design by method for turning；
Connection ring two sides are required to all have higher level degree precision with evagination technique ring one end, other end outer circle falls 2
× 30 ° of chamferings are installed convenient for spinning blank.
Spinning blank machining-size, required precision are as follows:
Evagination technique ring thickness: 6mm；
Evagination technique ring outer diameter: spinning blank outer diameter φ Dini+12mm；
Evagination technique ring two sides flatness: 0.1mm；
Wall thickness tolerance: 0.2mm；
Diameter tolerance: 0.3mm；
Third step, destressing processing
Destressing treatment process is selected for the material of spinning blank, the strength of materials is reduced, meets spinning requirement.
4th step, spinning Trajectory Design
It designs each passage and enters to revolve section, positioning section, covering section, covering and reinforcing rib changeover portion, reinforcing rib section forming mode, if
Reduction, the drafts of each section of spinning are counted, spinning Trajectory Design is completed, determines forming process；Detailed process is as follows:
A4.1, each passage, which enter to revolve section and be all made of internal rolling mode, to be shaped, and traction mechanism is motionless when internal rolling, and spinning roller is to main shaft
Direction movement, the first passage enters rotation point should be in mold and away from die face 5-10mm, and track form is long 15mm, enters to spin up a little
Drafts is -0.5mm, enters to revolve the slope form that terminal reaches positioning section drafts, and it is consistent that each passage enters to revolve section track form, but
The relatively upper a time of rotation point is played per pass to the mobile 1mm of die face；
A4.2, each passage positioning section are all made of internal rolling mode and shape, length 30mm, and drafts and product first segment are depressed
Amount is consistent, starts spinning with tension after the completion of positioning section spinning, i.e. spinning roller axial position is motionless, traction mechanism draw blank along with
Main shaft opposite direction is moved according to setting speed；
A4.3, each passage covering section are all made of straight path, and drafts need to reach thickness, spinning rebound amount according to the passage
It determines, wherein spinning rebound amount passes through test and gropes to determine, covering segment length is anti-by passage by product according to constant-volume principle
Calculating is pushed away, physical length should be greater than computational length 2-5mm, to eliminate influence caused by blank wall thickness variation；
A4.4, each passage covering section and reinforcing rib changeover portion are all made of ramp type track, and ramp trajectory length remains
It is constant, track, slope section drafts and reinforcing rib are fitted using circular interpolation when reinforcing rib two sides cusp has circular arc chamfering design
Section is consistent；
A4.5, each passage reinforcing rib section are all made of straight path, and drafts need to reach thickness, spinning rebound according to the passage
Amount determines, wherein spinning rebound amount passes through test and gropes to determine, reinforcing rib segment length is according to constant-volume principle by product by road
Obtained by secondary Extrapolation.
5th step, multi-pass spinning:
Blank or semi-finished product are installed, spinning program is designed based on each passage spinning track, traction mechanism is moved to
Make a reservation for revolve position, has started the passage spinning.Spinning program finishes execution, workpiece is removed, and the lower a time mold that changes the outfit carries out
Lower a time spinning, should be by carrying out lower a time spinning after batch completing a time spinning when batch production until spinning terminates again；
Spinning process realizes axial tensile force by traction mechanism traction blank, realizes inward turning by the spinning roller axial feed being mounted on spinning roller arm
Pressure；The wherein bearing that traction mechanism blank installation position is about 500mm using internal diameter, realizing can be in blank and mould after blank is installed
With mold rotation under the frictional force effect of tool contact, while traction mechanism inner hollow passes through for spinning roller arm, in same axis
Two kinds of axial movements are realized on line；Traction mechanism is driven by the servo motor being mounted on feed box, it can be achieved that axis by lead screw
To position, the accurate and PLC technology of movement velocity；And spinning roller arm is mounted on spinning roller arm seat, together by lead screw by installing
Servo motor on feed box drives the accurate and PLC technology, it can be achieved that axial position, movement velocity；
Detailed process is as follows:
Before A5.1, each passage spinning, spinning blank or semi-finished product are lifted between traction mechanism and mold, by binder ring
Evagination technique ring is pressed on traction mechanism end face, blank or semi-finished product are put into mold to blank or semi-finished product axial centerline
It is concordant with die face, blank or semi-finished product axial position and fixation are adjusted by binder ring, realize radial and axial positioning；
A5.2, based on each passage spinning track work out spinning program make liftout, pre-rotation, along desired trajectory spinning,
The movements such as stopping execute automatically；
A5.3, execution spinning program start spinning；
A5.4, program finishes execution hang tight product with crane, dismantle binder ring, dismantle product, and more mold exchange carries out next
Passage spinning, repeats the above process, until completing final products spinning.
6th step, turnery processing:
By product using outer diameter as benchmark centering after cut both ends surplus and carry out structure processing, so that product is met design and want
It asks.
7th step, heat treatment:
Final Heat Treatment Process is removed in material selection for product, guarantees that product condition of heat treatment meets design requirement.
Bring has the beneficial effect that the embodiment of the present invention through the above technical solution:
(1) present invention uses internal rolling technology combination spinning with tension technology, and reinforcing rib is realized by way of internal rolling
Quick-forming, solve using must be high, raw using valving die, die cost caused by outer shear spinning process forming
The problems such as producing low efficiency；
(2) present invention reduces life using the utilization rate for improving tension internal rolling material using multi-pass spinning method
Produce cost；
(3) the long cylindrical part within length 2m can be realized using only the cyclic annular core model of one group of length 400mm in the present invention
Multi-pass spinning, long barrel molds manufacture difficulty and manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, avoids that long mold stiffness is low, service precision
Low problem reduces mold resetting difficulty, improves service precision, provides guarantee for forming high-precision product；
(4) present invention solves modal circumferential stiffening rib cylinder in initial tension internal rolling band, set of molds matching design problem and plus
Strengthening tendons position, shape control problem, reduce process risk and multi-pass is formed accurately the difficulty of interior modal circumferential stiffening rib, reduce
Material cost improves product quality.；
(5) shape product interchangeability of the present invention is strong, can be used for shaping similar to the long cylinder multi-pass spinning of interior modal circumferential stiffening rib,
By the way that this technique can make with the long cylinder integral forming of interior modal circumferential stiffening rib, comprehensive performance is good, forming accuracy is high, cost
It is low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the long tube structure schematic diagram of modal circumferential stiffening rib in a kind of band provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of spinning blahk structure figure provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of process flow diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of spinning machine schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of spinning operating condition schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is a kind of spinning track schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the cooperation schematic diagram of rotary wheel mechanism and traction mechanism in a kind of spinning machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is a kind of spinning roller header structure schematic diagram of spinning machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is a kind of drift of spinning machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention and the cooperation schematic diagram of spinning roller component.
Symbol description is as follows in figure:
1 spindle box, 2 mold transmission cylinders, 3 molds, 4 spinning roller head mechanisms, 5 spinning blanks, 6 spinning roller arms, 7 spinning roller arm seats, 8 into
To case, 9 traction mechanisms, 10 binder rings, 11 numerically-controlled machine tool lathe beds, 12 spinning roller radial feed screws, the driving of 13 spinning roller radial feeds
Motor, 14 axial feed lead screws, 15 axial feed driving motors, 40 rotary wheel mechanisms, 120 enter to revolve section, 130 positioning sections, 140 reinforcements
Muscle section, 150 coverings and reinforcing rib changeover portion, 160 covering sections, 401 drifts, 402 support rolling elements, 403 spinning rollers, 404 connecting rods,
405 pitman shafts, 406 spinning roller head main bodys, 901 traction mechanism rotors, 902 traction mechanism rotor bearings, 903 traction mechanisms
Seat, 904 traction mechanism axial feed lead screws, 905 traction mechanism axial feed driving motors.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is described in further detail.
With the long cylinder of interior modal circumferential stiffening rib as shown in Figure 1, its factory length L1 is 1300mm, length L2 is 150mm, and L3 is
175mm, L4 480mm, L5 380mm；Thickness T1 is 10mm, T2 6mm, T3 10mm, T4 6mm, T5 10mm；Outer diameter
φ D1 is 550mm, and material is 5A06 aluminium alloy, and process flow is as shown in Figure 3.
The first step, spinning Blank Design
Spinning blank 5 is designed as equal wall thickness, straight tubular construction of the one end with evagination technique ring, wall thickness t1 foundation is more
Respectively total reduction calculates determination for passage spinning reinforcing rib section 140 and covering section 160, and 5 length of spinning blank is according to constancy of volume
Principle simultaneously considers reserved process allowance by product COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING gained, outer diameter φ Dini(i.e. the other end of spinning blank 5 is outer
Diameter, such as the outer diameter of the right end of Fig. 2) according to final products outer diameter, use mold number, each mold spinning is swollen mass runoff, initial hair
The parameters such as blank outer surface and the first passage mould inner surface gap determine.Detailed process is as follows:
A2.1, each passage covering section 160 of distribution and 140 reduction of reinforcing rib section, distribution principle are covering sections 160 per pass
Reduction is no more than limit attenuating rate, and 140 reduction of reinforcing rib section is not less than 12% per pass, to guarantee that the passage is revolved
The sufficiently swollen diameter of this section, mold when pressure, as premise, combination product covering section 160 and 140 wall thickness of reinforcing rib section and spinning road
Spinning blank thickness needed for each section of sub-quantity Extrapolation improves each passage covering section reduction, reduces each passage reinforcing rib section
Reduction.According to each section of thickness T1-T5 of product it is found that 160 thickness of covering section differs 4mm, 5A06 aluminium alloy with reinforcing rib section 140
Limit attenuating rate is within 40% when inward turning, and single depression thickness is generally no greater than 5mm, and drafts can be with 12% or more
It realizes swollen diameter fitting mold, is designed using reverse method, final spinning covering section 160 is by 9.5mm spinning to 6mm, reduction 35%,
Reinforcing rib section 140 is by 12mm spinning to 10mm, reduction 16.7%；Secondary spinning second from the bottom, covering section 160 by 14mm spinning extremely
It is thick can to unify spinning blank by 14mm spinning to 12mm, reduction 14.3% for 9.5mm, reduction 32.1%, reinforcing rib section 140
Degree, it is contemplated that stock utilization is improved, is further added by a time spinning i.e. by 18mm spinning to 14mm, thus final determining spinning hair
5 non-uniform thickness t1 of base is 18mm, meets reduction distribution principle, and determines that spinning pass number is 3 times；
A2.2, foundation final product structure and the blank thickness t1 having determined, calculate according to spinning constant-volume principle
5 theoretical length of spinning blank be 590mm, evagination technique ring one end need to reserve the first length surplus for install positioning, such as 40mm,
The other end need to reserve the first process allowance, prevent oral area from deforming dramatic impact Product Precision, and such as 20-40mm is managed in spinning blank
It is 590mm by length, the first length surplus is that 40mm determines blank length L in the case that the first process allowance is 20-40mm
It can be 660mm, in addition evagination technique ring length, 5 overall length of spinning blank is 666mm.
A2.3, spinning blank outer diameter φ D of the present inventioniniMainly by final products outer diameter, mold number, each mold spinning
Swollen mass runoff, initial blank outer surface and the first four, passage mould inner surface gap parameter are determined by following formula:
D in formulafinIt is using mold number, ξ for final products outer diameter, niIt is initial for the swollen mass runoff of each mold spinning, ε
Blank outer surface and the first passage mould inner surface gap, wherein the use of mold number, that is, road number being 3, spinning is swollen mass runoff and material
Physical property is related, gropes to determine that knowing is 0.3mm by test, and initially blank outer surface and the first passage mould inner surface
Gap is less than 1mm, preferably 0.4-0.6mm, takes 0.4mm, therefore blank outer diameter φ DiniIt is designed as φ 548.7mm.
Second step, the processing of spinning blank
The seamless tubular goods purchased from producer is processed into predetermined size, shape by method for turning, has evagination technique ring
One end requires connection ring two sides to all have higher level degree precision, and other end outer circle falls 2 × 30 ° of chamferings, is convenient for spinning blank
Installation.
5 processing dimension of spinning blank, required precision can be such that
Evagination technique ring thickness: 6mm；
Evagination technique ring outer diameter: φ 548.7mm+12mm=φ 560.7mm；
Evagination technique ring two sides flatness: 0.1mm；
Wall thickness tolerance: 0.2mm；
Diameter tolerance: 0.3mm；
Third step, destressing processing
Specification is handled according to aluminum alloy heat, spinning blank 5 is heat-treated, to reduce spinning blank the last 5
Degree, meets spinning requirement.The heat treating regime of use can be such that
Equipment for Heating Processing: aluminium alloy heating treatmentfurnace, temperature-controlled precision are not more than ± 5 DEG C；
Heating mode: it heats up with furnace；
Holding temperature: 320 DEG C；
Soaking time: 1.5h；
The type of cooling: it comes out of the stove after cooling to 260 DEG C with the furnace.
4th step, spinning Trajectory Design
It designs each passage and enters to revolve section 120, positioning section 130, covering section 160, covering and reinforcing rib changeover portion 150, reinforcing rib
140 forming modes of section, design reduction, the drafts of each section of spinning, complete spinning Trajectory Design, determine forming process.Specifically
Process is as follows:
A4.1, each passage, which enter to revolve section 120 and be all made of internal rolling mode, to be shaped, i.e., traction mechanism is motionless, and spinning roller is to main shaft square
To movement, the first passage enters rotation point should be in mold and away from die face 10mm, and track form is long 15mm, enters to spin up point pressure
Amount is -0.5mm, enters to revolve the slope form that terminal reaches positioning section drafts, and it is consistent that each passage enters to revolve section track form, but per pass
Secondary rotation point relatively goes up a time to the mobile 1mm of die face；
A4.2, each passage positioning section 130 are all made of internal rolling mode and shape, length 30mm, drafts and product first segment
Drafts is consistent, the first passage because of shapeless reinforcing rib, thus first segment, that is, covering section, remaining two passage first segment be plus
Strengthening tendons section 140,130 spinning of positioning section start spinning with tension after the completion, i.e. spinning roller axial position is motionless, and traction mechanism 9 is drawn
Spinning blank 5 is moved along with main shaft opposite direction according to setting speed；
A4.3, each passage covering section 160 are all made of straight path, and it is anti-that drafts according to the passage need to reach thickness, spinning
Bullet amount determines, wherein the first passage spinning rebound amount is groped to be determined as 0.4mm by test, and the second passage is 0.32mm, third
Passage is 0.25mm, and drafts takes 4.4mm, 4.32mm, 4.25mm respectively, and each passage covering segment length is according to constant-volume principle
By product by passage Extrapolation, physical length should be greater than computational length 2-5mm, to eliminate shadow caused by blank wall thickness variation
It rings；
A4.4, each passage covering and reinforcing rib changeover portion 150 are all made of ramp type track, and ramp trajectory length remains
It is constant, track, covering and reinforcing rib transition are fitted using circular interpolation when 140 two sides cusp of reinforcing rib section has circular arc chamfering design
150 drafts of section and reinforcing rib section 140 are consistent；
A4.5, each passage reinforcing rib section 140 are all made of straight path, and drafts need to reach thickness, spinning according to the passage
Rebound amount determines, wherein the second passage spinning rebound amount is groped to be determined as 0.22mm by test, and third passage is 0.2mm, pressure
Lower amount is respectively 2.22mm and 2.2mm, and 140 length of reinforcing rib section is according to constant-volume principle by product by passage Extrapolation institute
?.
5th step, multi-pass spinning
The product facility is produced as shown in figure 4, comprising: spindle box 1, mold transmission cylinder 2, mold 3, rotary wheel mechanism 4, rotation
Dabbing base 5, spinning roller arm 6, spinning roller arm seat 7, feed box 8；Traction mechanism 9, binder ring 10.
Spinning process draws spinning blank 5 by traction mechanism 9 and realizes axial tensile force, by the spinning roller being mounted on spinning roller arm 6
11 axial feeds realize internal rolling；The wherein axis that 5 installation position of spinning blank is about φ 500mm using internal diameter on traction mechanism 9
It holds, realizing can rotate under the frictional force effect that spinning blank 5 is contacted with mold 3 with mold 3 after spinning blank 5 is installed, simultaneously
9 inner hollow of traction mechanism passes through for spinning roller arm 6, and two kinds of axial movements are realized on same axis；Traction mechanism 9 passes through
Lead screw drives the accurate and programmable control, it can be achieved that axial position, movement velocity by the servo motor being mounted on feed box 8
System；And spinning roller arm 6 is mounted on spinning roller arm seat 7, is driven together by lead screw by the servo motor being mounted on feed box 8, it can
Realize the accurate and PLC technology of axial position, movement velocity.
When work, by spinning blank 5 by binder ring 10, it is pressed on traction mechanism 9 by screw connection manner, with spinning rail
Spinning program is designed based on mark, and traction mechanism 9 is moved to and has made a reservation for revolve position, starts spinning.Spinning program finishes execution,
Workpiece is removed.Detailed process is as follows:
Before A5.1, each passage spinning, spinning blank or semi-finished product are lifted between traction mechanism and mold, by binder ring
Evagination technique ring is pressed on traction mechanism end face, blank or semi-finished product are put into mold to blank or semi-finished product axial centerline
It is concordant with die face, blank or semi-finished product axial position and fixation are adjusted by binder ring, realize radial and axial positioning；
A5.2, based on each passage spinning track work out spinning program make liftout, pre-rotation, along desired trajectory spinning,
The movements such as stopping execute automatically, can use following basic technological parameters:
Each passage speed of mainshaft: 100r/min；
Each passage enters to revolve section inward turning feed speed: 60mm/min；
Each passage positioning section inward turning feed speed: 80mm/min；
Each passage hauling speed: 80mm/min.
A5.3, execution spinning program start spinning；
A5.4, program finishes execution hang tight product with crane, dismantle binder ring, dismantle product, and more mold exchange carries out next
Passage spinning, repeats the above process, until completing final products spinning.
6th step, turnery processing
By product using outer diameter as benchmark centering after cut both ends surplus, so that product is met design requirement.
7th step, heat treatment
Specification is handled according to aluminum alloy heat, spinning blank 5 is heat-treated, to drop 5 intensity of spinning blank,
Meet spinning requirement, following heat treating regime can be used:
Equipment for Heating Processing: aluminium alloy heating treatmentfurnace, temperature-controlled precision are not more than ± 5 DEG C；
Heating mode: it heats up with furnace；
Holding temperature: 320 DEG C；
Soaking time: 1.5h；
The type of cooling: it comes out of the stove after cooling to 260 DEG C with the furnace.
The equipment for producing the product is described in detail below: mold transmission cylinder 2 is mounted on main shaft of numerical control machine tool, mould
Tool 3 is mounted on 2 inner cavity front end of mold transmission cylinder, and rotary wheel mechanism, traction mechanism 9 are mounted on numerically-controlled machine tool lathe bed 11.
Traction mechanism 9 is as shown in fig. 7, comprises traction mechanism rotor 901, traction mechanism rotor bearing 902, dragger
Structure seat 903, traction mechanism axial feed lead screw 904 and traction mechanism axial feed driving motor 905, traction mechanism rotor
901 are mounted in traction mechanism seat 903 by traction mechanism rotor bearing 902, and traction mechanism seat 903 is mounted on numerically-controlled machine tool
On the guide rail of lathe bed 11, spinning blank 5 is mounted on traction mechanism rotor 901 by binder ring 10, and traction mechanism seat 903 is logical
It crosses traction mechanism axial feed lead screw 904 and traction mechanism axial feed driving motor 905 is realized and is axially moved.Traction mechanism axis
It include that traction mechanism axial feed lead screw 904 and traction mechanism axial feed driving motor 905 form to feeding structure.
Rotary wheel mechanism is as shown in Figure 8,9, including spinning roller head mechanism 4, spinning roller radial feed screw 12, spinning roller radial feed drive
Dynamic motor 13, spinning roller arm 6, spiral arm seat 7, axial feed lead screw 14, feed box 8 and axial feed driving motor 15, feed box 8 are solid
Be scheduled on 11 tail end of numerically-controlled machine tool lathe bed, inside axial feed driving motor 15 is installed, center line and machine tool chief axis center
Line is overlapped；Spiral arm seat 7 is mounted on the guide rail of numerically-controlled machine tool lathe bed 11, and center line is overlapped with machine tool chief axis center line, is passed through
Axial feed lead screw 14 is connected with feed box 8, spiral arm seat 7 can be made to make speed, position by numerical control programming driving axial feed screw 14
Set the axial feed motion accurately controlled；Spinning roller arm 6 is fixed by screws in spiral arm seat 7, in center line and machine tool chief axis
Heart line is overlapped, and is divided into several segments, is connected by screw bolts, inner hollow, for placing spinning roller radial feed driving motor 13,
And it can the demolition and maintenance at segmentation；Spinning roller radial feed driving motor 13 is fixed on 6 inner cavity of spinning roller arm close to spinning roller head mechanism 4 one
End；12 one end of spinning roller radial feed screw and spinning roller head mechanism 4 are connected, and the other end is pacified by spinning roller radial feed driving motor 13
Mounted in 6 inner cavity of spinning roller arm, spinning roller radial feed screw 12 can be driven to move by numerical control programming.Axial feed structure include it is axial into
It is formed to lead screw 14 and axial feed driving motor 15.
Spinning roller head mechanism 4 is as shown in figure 4, by three groups of circumferentially equally distributed spinning roller components, spinning roller head main body 406 and drift
401 compositions, every group of spinning roller component include support rolling element 402, spinning roller 403, connecting rod 404 and pitman shaft 405, spinning roller head main body
406 are connected by screw and spinning roller arm 6, and spinning roller 403 is mounted on 404 middle part of connecting rod, are connected by connecting rod 404 and pitman shaft 405
It connects in spinning roller head main body 406, support rolling element 402 is pressed on the inclined-plane of drift 401, drift rear end and spinning roller radial feed knot
Structure is connected.Spinning roller radial feed structure includes that spinning roller radial feed screw 12 and spinning roller radial feed driving motor 13 form.
Spring is connected between adjacent links 404, effect is that spinning roller is made to keep tightening in nature；Spinning roller it is radial into
It is connect to lead screw 12 with 401 one end of drift.
Connecting rod 404 is three-link structure, for connecting support rolling element 402 and spinning roller head main body 406, by drift 401
Axial movement passes to spinning roller 403.One end of connecting rod is connect with support rolling element, the other end by pitman shaft is connected to spinning roller head
In main body,
For drift 401 as shown in figure 5, section is the triangular wedge structure of equilateral triangle, three vertex roundings effectively prevent phase
Movement interference between neighbour's support rolling element 402, drift 401 are placed between the inside of spinning roller head main body 406, three connecting rods,
It is connected by spinning roller radial feed screw 12 with the servo motor being placed on inside spiral arm, servo motor drives lead screw rotation,
And then drift 10 is driven to be axially moved；And when the axial movement of drift 401, the support that 3 inclined-planes are connect with 404 front end of connecting rod rolls
The radial motion of spinning roller 403 is realized in the contact of body 402, can between the amount of axial movement of drift 401 and the radial feeds of spinning roller 403
It by mathematical computations, at certain proportionate relationship, and is reflected in numerical control program control, realizing 403 radial feed of spinning roller can
Numerical control programming control.
The equipment has the advantage that as follows:
(1) it may be implemented on same axis and realize two kinds of axial movements, be internal rolling, the use of spinning with tension combination process
Traction mechanism provides space, realizes internal rolling traction mechanism and rotary wheel mechanism coaxial line and mutually indepedent movement, is real
Existing composite spinning technique provides guarantee；
(2) 120 ° of symmetrical three spinning rollers structures for using special construction, jib length reaches 2m, shear spinning power reaches
Spinning roller head mechanism energy automatic centering and the stress of balance is obtained in the case where more than ten tons, spinning system stiffness greatly improved；
(3) the cluster type cantilever design that built-in radial drive system is used in master-plan, solves rotary wheel mechanism function
Component is more, the narrow problem of working space；
(4) cooperated using drift and spinning roller component, accurately the axis of numerical control, radial motion conversion spinning roller head will can radially be transported
It is dynamic, realize spinning roller radial feed can accurate numerical control, to realize spinning roller accurate axis, radial motion in small space
Conversion, meets the accurate control of spinning roller radial feeds；
(5) carrier is integrally axially moved as spinning roller head mechanism and spinning roller arm using rotary wheel base, it can be achieved that digitlization is accurate
The axial feed motion of control realizes spinning roller axial direction, radial feed function integrating on same mechanism, is internal rolling technique
Middle realization axial feed provides guarantee；
(6) it realizes using the long cylindrical part compared with the i.e. formable longer dimension of becate shape core model, long cylinder is greatly reduced
Mold manufacture difficulty and manufacturing cost avoid the problem that long mold stiffness is low, service precision is low, and it is difficult to reduce mold adjustment
Degree, improves service precision, provides guarantee for forming high-precision product.In conclusion bring of the embodiment of the present invention is beneficial
Effect is as follows:
(1) present invention uses internal rolling technology combination spinning with tension technology, and reinforcing rib is realized by way of internal rolling
Quick-forming, solve using must be high, raw using valving die, die cost caused by outer shear spinning process forming
The problems such as producing low efficiency；
(2) present invention reduces life using the utilization rate for improving tension internal rolling material using multi-pass spinning method
Produce cost；
(3) the long cylindrical part within length 2m can be realized using only the cyclic annular core model of one group of length 400mm in the present invention
Multi-pass spinning, long barrel molds manufacture difficulty and manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, avoids that long mold stiffness is low, service precision
Low problem reduces mold resetting difficulty, improves service precision, provides guarantee for forming high-precision product；
(4) present invention solves modal circumferential stiffening rib cylinder in initial tension internal rolling band, set of molds matching design problem and plus
Strengthening tendons position, shape control problem, reduce process risk and multi-pass is formed accurately the difficulty of interior modal circumferential stiffening rib, reduce
Material cost improves product quality；
(5) shape product interchangeability of the present invention is strong, can be used for shaping similar to the long cylinder multi-pass spinning of interior modal circumferential stiffening rib,
By the way that this technique can make with the long cylinder integral forming of interior modal circumferential stiffening rib, comprehensive performance is good, forming accuracy is high, cost
It is low.
As known by the technical knowledge, the present invention can pass through the embodiment party of other essence without departing from its spirit or essential feature
Case is realized.Therefore, embodiment disclosed above, in all respects are merely illustrative, not the only.Institute
Have within the scope of the present invention or is included in the invention in the change being equal in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the long cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process of modal circumferential stiffening rib in a kind of band, which is characterized in that in the manufacturing process is used
Rotary pressure technology combination spinning with tension technology, using only one group of internal diameter, different, length 400mm cyclic annular core model realizes multimode
Tool, multi-step forming can guarantee that part is reinforced with multiple interior modal circumferential stiffening ribs, long cylindrical part within length 2m
Muscle positions and dimensions precision, the manufacturing process include the following steps:
The first step, spinning Blank Design:
It is equal wall thickness, straight tubular construction of the one end with evagination technique ring, the wall thickness of the spinning blank by spinning Blank Design
T1 is according to multi-pass spinning reinforcing rib section and the respectively total reduction calculating determination of covering section, and the length of the spinning blank is according to body
Product principle of invariance simultaneously considers reserved process allowance by product COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING gained, the outer diameter φ Di of the spinning blanknI is according to most
Finished product outer diameter uses mold number, each mold spinning is swollen mass runoff, initial blank outer surface and the first passage mould inner surface
Gap determines；
Second step, the processing of spinning blank:
Seamless tubular goods is processed into spinning blank by the requirement of first step spinning Blank Design；
Third step, destressing processing:
It selects destressing treatment process to reduce the strength of materials for the material of spinning blank, meets spinning requirement；
4th step, spinning Trajectory Design:
It designs each passage and enters to revolve section, positioning section, covering section, covering and reinforcing rib changeover portion, reinforcing rib section forming mode, design is each
Reduction, the drafts of section spinning, complete spinning Trajectory Design, determine forming process；
5th step, multi-pass spinning:
Blank or semi-finished product are installed, spinning program is designed based on each passage spinning track, traction mechanism is moved to predetermined
Rotation position is played, the passage spinning is started；Spinning program finishes execution, workpiece is removed, and change the outfit lower a time mold, is carried out next
Passage spinning, should be by carrying out lower a time spinning after batch completing a time spinning when batch production until spinning terminates again；
6th step, turnery processing:
By product using outer diameter as benchmark centering after cut both ends surplus and carry out structure processing, so that product is met design requirement；
7th step, heat treatment:
Final Heat Treatment Process is selected for the material of product, guarantees that product condition of heat treatment meets design requirement.
2. the long cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process of modal circumferential stiffening rib, feature exist in a kind of band according to claim 1
In the first step spinning Blank Design is realized by following steps:
A2.1, each passage covering section of distribution and reinforcing rib section reduction, distribution principle are that covering section reduction does not surpass per pass
Limit attenuating rate is crossed, and reinforcing rib section reduction is not less than 12% per pass, this section is sufficiently swollen when guaranteeing the passage spinning
Diameter, mold, as premise, combination product covering section and interior reinforcing rib section wall thickness and each section of spinning pass quantity Extrapolation
Required blank thickness improves each passage covering section reduction, reduces each passage reinforcing rib section reduction, until blank thickness is unified
And determine blank thickness t1, according to reduction distribution condition, the road number as needed for non-uniform thickness blank forming and improve material
Utilization rate situation determines multi-pass spinning road sub-quantity；
A2.2, foundation final product structure and the blank thickness t1 having determined calculate blank according to spinning constant-volume principle
Theoretical length, evagination technique ring one end need to reserve the first length surplus for install positioning, the other end need to reserve more than the first technique
Amount prevents oral area from deforming dramatic impact Product Precision；
A2.3, blank outer diameter φ Di of the present inventionnI is mainly by final products outer diameter, mold number, each mold spinning is swollen mass runoff, most
First blank outer surface and the first four, passage mould inner surface gap parameter are determined by following formula:
D in formulafinIt is using mold number, ξ for final products outer diameter, niIt is outside initial blank for the swollen mass runoff of each mold spinning, ε
Surface and the first passage mould inner surface gap, wherein the swollen mass runoff of spinning is related with material physical property, is groped really by test
It is fixed, and initially blank outer surface and the first passage mould inner surface gap are less than 1mm.
3. the long cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process of modal circumferential stiffening rib, feature exist in a kind of band according to claim 1
In the second step spinning blank machining-size, required precision are as follows:
Evagination technique ring thickness: 6mm；
Evagination technique ring outer diameter: spinning blank outer diameter φ Dini+12mm；
Evagination technique ring two sides are with respect to blank outer surface verticality: 0.1mm；
Wall thickness tolerance: 0.2mm；
Diameter tolerance: 0.3mm.
4. the long cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process of modal circumferential stiffening rib, feature exist in a kind of band according to claim 1
In the 4th step spinning Trajectory Design is realized by following steps:
A4.1, each passage, which enter to revolve section and be all made of internal rolling mode, to be shaped, and traction mechanism is motionless when internal rolling, and spinning roller is to major axes orientation
Movement, the first passage enters rotation point should be in mold and away from die face 5-10mm, and track form is long 15mm, enters to spin up point pressure
Amount is -0.5mm, enters to revolve the slope form that terminal reaches positioning section drafts, and it is consistent that each passage enters to revolve section track form, but per pass
Secondary rotation point relatively goes up a time to the mobile 1mm of die face；
A4.2, each passage positioning section are all made of internal rolling mode and shape, length 30mm, drafts and product first segment drafts one
Cause, positioning section spinning start spinning with tension after the completion, i.e. spinning roller axial position is motionless, and traction mechanism draws blank edge and main shaft
Opposite direction is moved according to setting speed；
A4.3, each passage covering section are all made of straight path, and it is true that drafts according to the passage need to reach thickness, spinning rebound amount
It is fixed, wherein spinning rebound amount passes through test and gropes to determine, covering segment length is pushed away by product by passage is counter according to constant-volume principle
It calculates, physical length should be greater than computational length 2-5mm, to eliminate influence caused by blank wall thickness variation；
A4.4, each passage covering section and reinforcing rib changeover portion are all made of ramp type track, and ramp trajectory length remains constant,
Track, slope section drafts and reinforcing rib section one are fitted using circular interpolation when reinforcing rib two sides cusp has circular arc chamfering design
It causes；
A4.5, each passage reinforcing rib section are all made of straight path, and it is true that drafts according to the passage need to reach thickness, spinning rebound amount
It is fixed, wherein spinning rebound amount passes through test and gropes to determine, reinforcing rib segment length is anti-by passage by product according to constant-volume principle
Push away calculating gained.
5. the long cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process of modal circumferential stiffening rib, feature exist in a kind of band according to claim 1
In the 5th step multi-pass spinning is realized by following steps:
A5.1, spinning process realize axial tensile force by traction mechanism traction blank, by the spinning roller that is mounted on spinning roller arm it is axial into
Give realization internal rolling；Wherein traction mechanism blank installation position uses internal diameter for the bearing of 500mm, and realizing can be after blank installation
With mold rotation under the frictional force effect that blank is contacted with mold, while traction mechanism inner hollow passes through for spinning roller arm,
Two kinds of axial movements are realized on same axis；Traction mechanism is driven by lead screw by the servo motor being mounted on feed box,
The accurate and PLC technology of axial position, movement velocity can be achieved；And spinning roller arm is mounted on spinning roller arm seat, passes through silk together
Thick stick drives the accurate and PLC technology, it can be achieved that axial position, movement velocity by the servo motor being mounted on feed box；
Before A5.2, each passage spinning, spinning blank or semi-finished product are lifted between traction mechanism and mold, it will be outer by binder ring
Convex technique ring is pressed on traction mechanism end face, and blank or semi-finished product are put into mold to blank or semi-finished product axial centerline and mould
It is concordant to have end face, blank or semi-finished product axial position and fixation are adjusted by binder ring, realize radial and axial positioning；
A5.3, establishment spinning program makes liftout, pre-rotation, along desired trajectory spinning, stopping based on each passage spinning track
It is automatic to execute；
A5.4, execution spinning program start spinning；
A5.5, program finishes execution hang tight product with crane, dismantle binder ring, dismantle product, and more mold exchange carries out lower a time
Spinning repeats the above process, until completing final products spinning.
6. the long cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process of modal circumferential stiffening rib, feature exist in a kind of band according to claim 1
In the second step spinning blank processing is realized by following steps:
Predetermined size, the shape seamless tubular goods being processed by method for turning in first step spinning Blank Design.
7. the long cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process of modal circumferential stiffening rib, feature exist in a kind of band according to claim 6
In requiring the evagination technique ring two sides with evagination technique ring one end, blank outer surface verticality is no more than 0.1 relatively, separately
One end outer circle falls 2 × 30 ° of chamferings in order to the installation of spinning blank.
8. the long cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process of modal circumferential stiffening rib, feature exist in a kind of band according to claim 2
In the number of the passage is 2-4 times.
9. the long cylinder multi-pass spinning manufacturing process of modal circumferential stiffening rib, initial blank in a kind of band according to claim 2
Outer surface and the first passage mould inner surface gap take 0.4-0.6mm.
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