CN109380759A - Cigarette 3, the Luzhou-flavor flue-cured tobacco cultivars Hunan slow roasting method of delay - Google Patents
Cigarette 3, the Luzhou-flavor flue-cured tobacco cultivars Hunan slow roasting method of delay Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of cigarette 3, Luzhou-flavor flue-cured tobacco cultivars Hunan slow curing process of delay, it is on the basis of traditional three-phase-drying for tobacco, the slow curing process of delay with the characteristics of wilting phase and the slow roasting 12h of drying muscle stage delay, its technical characteristics is that tobacco leaf is basic complete yellow, and sufficiently wilting to fall down, wilting phase when master pulse softens continues steady temperature and extends 12h being baked to, then slow heating, steady hydrofuge, makes cigarette muscle turn yellow, and reaches the small reel of pornographic movie Huang muscle；Then in the dry drying muscle stage for forming parent roll of tobacco leaf whole and the steady warm 12h that is delayed, it is absolutely dry to be finally baked to cigarette muscle.The slow curing process of delay of of the invention Hunan cigarette 3 can promote the fast degradation of chlorophyll, maintain higher carotenoid content level and suitable polyphenol oxidase activity, equal cigarettes ratio improves 4.4% on tobacco leaf after baking, average price increases by 2.72 yuan/kilogram, it is average that about 334 yuan of tobacco leaf revenue growth, Maturity of Tobacco Leaf, institutional framework, identity, oil, tobacco leaf color are superior to traditional three-phase-drying for tobacco technique per acre.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of tobacco modulation, and in particular to a kind of delay of cigarette 3, Luzhou-flavor flue-cured tobacco cultivars Hunan is slow roasting
Technique.
Background technique
Baking is the key link that fire-cured tobacco type kind quality of tobacco is formed.Pass through the side such as time in baking process and temperature and humidity
The control in face can be effectively facilitated the metabolism and conversion of various substances in tobacco leaf, the change of enzymatic activity and various aroma substances
Formation.In recent years, there is traditional three-phase-drying for tobacco technique, the explorations such as Luo Yigui improve leaf quality in the middle part of flue-cured tobacco cultivars K326
Best baking modulation process, realizes upgrading flavouring conclusion of the K326 middle leaf in baking process, the results showed that three sections of Chongqing City
Six step formula baking process junior tobacco leaf quality highests, outer power hydrofuge baking process take second place, and three-phase-drying for tobacco technique is minimum[1].Thunder
It is suitable for baking process screening test that eight gold medal etc., which has carried out K326 flue-cured tobacco cultivars, and wet, local tobacco grower dries in three section of six step of setting, medium temperature
3 baking process modes such as roasting method, the results showed that three section of six step baking process general performance is more excellent[2].The research such as Liao and Ming
Influences of 3 kinds of baking process to flue-cured tobacco cultivars NC55 neutrality aroma substance each component content, the results showed that, wet process in medium temperature
Cured tobacco leaf neutrality aroma substance total amount and each component content be above wet process in medium temperature high humidity and multistage medium temperature[3].Hunan
Cigarette 3 are pressed three-phase-drying for tobacco technique, and slightly faster than K326 flavescence speed, slightly slower than cloud and mist 87, dehydration is slower, are turned yellow uneven, are dried
Roasting difficulty is larger, and it is unfavorable that appearance and interior quality to Hunan cigarette 3 are formed.And the slow curing process that is delayed is used, it can solve dehydration
Slowly, turn yellow the problems such as uneven, the quality of tobacco modulated.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the shortcomings of existing baking process, a kind of mating baking of No. 3 kinds of suitable Hunan cigarette is provided
Curing process, to show that easy roasting property and Luzhou-flavor feature, promotion Hunan cigarette 3 of the kind are widely applied plantation, break Hunan
The plantation pattern with K326 for single " govern-house-variety " for a long time is produced Deng strong-flavor tobacco leaf is saved, optimizes characteristic cigarette district Variety distribution.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes on the basis of traditional three-phase-drying for tobacco with wilting phase and drying muscle stage
The suitable Hunan cigarette 3 slow flue-cured tobacco baking process of delay with the characteristics of the slow roasting 12h of delay, main technical points are to be baked to cigarette
Phyllopodium is originally entirely yellow, sufficiently wilting to fall down, and wilting phase when master pulse softens continues steady temperature and extends 12h, then slow heating, steady hydrofuge,
So that cigarette muscle is turned yellow, reaches the small reel of pornographic movie Huang muscle；Then in the tobacco leaf all dry drying muscle stage for forming parent roll steady temperature delays again
It is absolutely dry to be finally baked to cigarette muscle by 12h.
According to the present invention, the slow curing process of delay in cigarette 3, Luzhou-flavor flue-cured tobacco cultivars Hunan is provided, which includes following step
It is rapid:
1) slowly yellowingization and softening: after fresh tobacco leaf shove charge, closing the doors and windows and air inlet, igniting, with every 1 DEG C/1h's
Heating rate heats up, and dry-bulb temperature rises to 37-38 DEG C, and wet-bulb temperature rises to 35.5-36 DEG C, and temperature is kept to stablize, until
Until observing following result: lower tobacco leaf flavescence 60-70%, blade soften, and master pulse 40-50% softens；Middle part tobacco leaf turns yellow
70-80%, blade soften, and master pulse 30-35% softens；Upper tobacco leaf flavescence 80-90%, blade soften, and master pulse 30-35% becomes
It is soft；
2) delay of wilting phase is slow roasting: after tobacco leaf variation reaches result required by step 1), increase firepower, with 1 DEG C/
The heating rate of 2h heats up, so that dry-bulb temperature when lower tobacco leaf toasts is raised to 40-41 DEG C, when the tobacco flue-curing of middle part
Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 41-42 DEG C, and dry-bulb temperature when upper tobacco leaf toasts is raised to 42-43 DEG C, and wet-bulb temperature is held in 37-38
DEG C, subsequent steady temperature makes tobacco leaf turn yellow completely or essentially become full Huang, and sufficiently wilting to fall down, master pulse softens, and then proceedes to steady Wen Yan
The time of long 10-15h (such as 12h)；
3) depth yellow: when tobacco leaf is by above step 2) the wilting phase be delayed after slow roasted journey, continue with 1 DEG C/2h's
Heating rate heats up, and dry-bulb temperature when lower tobacco leaf toasts is raised to 45-46 DEG C, the dry-bulb temperature when tobacco flue-curing of middle part
It is raised to 46-47 DEG C, dry-bulb temperature when upper tobacco leaf toasts is raised to 47-48 DEG C, and wet-bulb temperature is held in 37.5-38 DEG C, directly
Until observing following result: tobacco leaf being made to reach cigarette muscle flavescence, pornographic movie Huang muscle, small scroll-like state；
4) drying muscle stage delay is slow roasting: after tobacco leaf reaches the result of step 3) requirement, continuing with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h
It heats up, so that dry-bulb temperature is raised to 48-50 DEG C, then accelerate heating with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/1h, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 52-
54 DEG C, 38-39 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature, keep the blade of tobacco leaf all dry, parent roll is presented in tobacco leaf, then steady temperature delay 10-15h
The time of (such as 12h)；
5) dry: when tobacco leaf is by above step 4) the slow curing process of drying muscle stage delay after, finally with the heating of 1 DEG C/1h
Speed heats up, and dry-bulb temperature is raised to 63-65 DEG C when lower tobacco leaf toasts, and wet-bulb temperature is stablized at 41-42 DEG C, until cigarette muscle
It is absolutely dry；Dry-bulb temperature is all raised to 66-68 DEG C when middle part and upper tobacco leaf toast, and wet-bulb temperature is stablized at 42-43 DEG C, until cigarette muscle
It is absolutely dry；It is final to obtain product.
Preferably, in the steady middle benefit gas of the continuation of step 2), the mode of slow heating, steady hydrofuge is taken.
Specifically, the slow curing process of delay in cigarette 3, Luzhou-flavor flue-cured tobacco cultivars Hunan the following steps are included:
Step 1: by after fresh tobacco leaf shove charge, close the doors and windows and air inlet, igniting, with the heating rate of every 1 DEG C/1h, dry bulb
When temperature rises to 37-38 DEG C, 35.5-36 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature, steady temperature.Until lower tobacco leaf flavescence 6-7 is at blade softens, master pulse
40-50% softens；Middle part tobacco leaf flavescence 7-8 is at blade softens, and master pulse 30-35% softens；Upper tobacco leaf flavescence 8-9 is at blade
Soften, master pulse 30-35% softens.
Step 2: firepower is increased, with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h, lower part after tobacco leaf variation reaches first step requirement
Dry-bulb temperature when tobacco flue-curing is raised to 40-41 DEG C, and the dry-bulb temperature when tobacco flue-curing of middle part is raised to 41-42 DEG C, upper tobacco leaf
Dry-bulb temperature when baking is raised to 42-43 DEG C, and wet-bulb temperature is held in 37-38 DEG C, then steady temperature, keeps tobacco leaf basic complete yellow,
Sufficiently wilting to fall down, master pulse softens, and then proceedes to steady temperature and extends 12h, pays attention to heating up slowly, steady hydrofuge.
Step 3: continue when tobacco leaf is after the wilting phase of second step is delayed slow curing process with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h,
Dry-bulb temperature when lower tobacco leaf toasts is raised to 45-46 DEG C, and the dry-bulb temperature when tobacco flue-curing of middle part is raised to 46-47 DEG C, top
Dry-bulb temperature when tobacco flue-curing is raised to 47-48 DEG C, and wet-bulb temperature is held in 37.5-38 DEG C, and tobacco leaf is made to reach cigarette muscle flavescence,
Pornographic movie Huang muscle, small scroll-like state.
Step 4: continuing to be raised to dry-bulb temperature with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h after tobacco leaf reaches the requirement of third step
48-50 DEG C, then heating is accelerated with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/1h, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 52-54 DEG C, 38-39 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature, is made
The blade of tobacco leaf is all dry, tobacco leaf parent roll, then steady temperature delay 12h.
Step 5: after drying muscle stage of the tobacco leaf by the 4th step is delayed slow curing process, finally with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/1h,
Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 63-65 DEG C when lower tobacco leaf toasts, and wet-bulb temperature is stablized at 41-42 DEG C, until cigarette muscle is absolutely dry；Middle part and upper
Dry-bulb temperature is all raised to 66-68 DEG C when portion's tobacco flue-curing, and wet-bulb temperature is stablized at 42-43 DEG C, until cigarette muscle is absolutely dry.
In above-mentioned baking process, the judgment basis that tobacco leaf reaches various states is well known to those skilled in the art common sense.
Kind Hunan cigarette 3: Hunan cigarette 3 are Zhongnan Agriculture Experiment Station of China Tobacco and Hunan Tobacco Company Yongzhou Branch
It is the male sterility first cross kind that maternal, 82-11-7 is cultivated as male parent using self-fertile strain MSYZ206-9.In December, 2009 is complete
It is registered at Hunan Province's seed management office seed, passes through national tobacco agriculture evaluation in June, 2010, pass through national cigarette in November, 2010
The authorization of grass product kind validation board, is Hunan Province's biggish Luzhou-flavor new flue-cured tobacco varieties of popularizing area in recent years, seed is by China
The base production and sales of tobacco Central-South agricultural experiment station Yongzhou.
The present invention can promote the fast degradation of chlorophyll compared with existing baking technology, and higher carotenoid is maintained to contain
Amount is horizontal, and is adjustable suitable polyphenol oxidase activity, to form No. 3 kind baking tobacco leaves of Hunan cigarette best in quality.This
Invention upgrading synergy is significant, and Hunan cigarette 3 upper medium grade cigarette ratios improve 11.30%, and average price improves 2.72 yuan/kg.Side of the present invention
Maturity of Tobacco Leaf, institutional framework, identity, oil, the tobacco leaf color of method are superior to traditional three-phase-drying for tobacco technique.Using the present invention
Method, tobacco leaf chemical composition harmony is better than or suitable with K326 after Hunan cigarette 3 bakings, overall organoleptic qualities' class be better than or with
Check variety K326 is suitable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is middle leaf different cultivars Chlorophyll-a Content variation diagram.
Fig. 2 middle leaf different cultivars content of chlorophyll b variation diagram.
Fig. 3 middle leaf different cultivars Chlorophyll content change diagram.
Fig. 4 is the carotenoid content variation diagram of different cultivars.
Fig. 5 is the dynamic change of different cultivars middle leaf polyphenol oxidase activity in baking process.
Fig. 6 is the dynamic change of different cultivars upper leaf polyphenol oxidase activity in baking process.
Specific embodiment
On the western Hunan, Yongzhou, Hengyang and other places, select 2 representative functional form barns (on the air-flow of 2.7 × 8.0m
Lift-type bulk curing barn), respectively according to No. 3 kind method for flue-curing tobacco leaves of Hunan cigarette of the content of present invention description and traditional three-stage work
Skill, while carrying out standard leaf position maturation and adopting flue-cured tobacco (Xia Erpeng, positive waist leaf and Shang Erpeng) baking comparative test, tracking, record
Baking process associated technical parameters.Tracking sampling is carried out to each stage baking tobacco leaves, detects related chemical constituents index, and to this
Invention baking process, traditional baking process cured tobacco leaf carry out inherent quality and smoke panel test, appearance ratings quality evaluation and baking
The comparative analyses such as cost, Economic returns；Tobacco leaf chemical composition changing rule, the accumulation of quality substance in baking process are cutd open
Analysis, the correlation of research baking process, quality.
Example 1:
In July, 2014, the village testing site in the township, the Yao nationality of Yongzhou City, Hubei Province Jiangyong County Lanxi, toasted Hunan cigarette 3 using the present invention
Number and the baking of traditional baking process K326 and cloud and mist 87 specific implementation situation:
The chlorophyll concentration changing rule of 1.1 middle leaf different cultivars
Known by Fig. 1, when three kinds are into barn, the Hunan Chlorophyll-a Content K326 ﹥ No. 3 ﹥ clouds and mists 87 of cigarette, three kinds bakings
When 0-48 hours sections, chlorophyll a decrease speed is fast, eases up within 48-72 hours, changes of contents very little after 72 hours, to baking knot
Shu Shi, Chlorophyll-a Content are extremely low.Known by Fig. 2, when three kind content of chlorophyll b are into barn, K326 reaches 1.777mg/g, Hunan cigarette
No. 3 are 1.459mg/g, and cloud and mist 87 is 1.003mg/g, when three kinds toast 0-48 hours sections, chlorophyll b decrease speed
Fastly, it eases up within 48-72 hours, changes of contents very little after 72 hours.Known by Fig. 3, Chlorophyll content difference is larger, and Hunan cigarette 3 is most
Height reaches 5.214mg/g, and cloud and mist 87 is 4.497mg/g, K326 3.706mg/g, when three kinds toast 0-48 hours sections,
Chlorophyll decrease speed is fast, eases up within 48-72 hours, changes of contents very little after 72 hours.The result shows that the method for the present invention and tradition
The same fast degradation that can rapidly promote chlorophyll in tobacco leaf of three-stage technique.
The carotenoid content changing rule of 1.2 middle leaf different cultivars
Known by Fig. 4, middle leaf carotenoid content with baking process be on the whole it is on a declining curve, when into barn, Hunan
No. 3 carotenoid contents of cigarette are 0.398mg/g, and cloud and mist 87 is 0.445mg/g, K326 0.631mg/g, at the end of baking,
Cigarette No. 3 carotenoid contents in Hunan are 0.284mg/g, and cloud and mist 87 is 0.246mg/g, K326 0.144mg/g.The results show that with
Traditional three-phase-drying for tobacco technique is different, and the present invention can effectively reduce the degradation speed of the more stable carotenoid of chemical property,
It is horizontal to maintain higher carotenoid content before and after No. 3 tobacco flue-curings of Hunan cigarette, to preferably present after being conducive to blade baking
Yellow out.
In 1.3 different cultivars, polyphenol oxidase activity changing rule in upper leaf baking process
Fig. 5 is the case where polyphenol oxidase activity changes in different cultivars middle leaf baking process, three kind middle leaves
Less, wherein the polyphenol oxidase activity of 87 middle leaf of K326 and cloud and mist exists for polyphenol oxidase activity variation before baking carries out 48h
0-24h is in slowly enhancing trend, the slow decreasing trend in 24-48h.The polyphenol oxidase activity of No. 3 middle leaves of Hunan cigarette is in 0-
48h variation is unobvious, and after baking carries out 48h, polyphenol oxidase activity is quickly improved, and reaches highest, polyphenol after 72h when to 72h
Oxidase active is remarkably decreased；Cigarette No. 3 middle leaves in Hunan are in the polyphenol oxidase activity into room seasonings cigarette between K326 and cloud and mist 87
Between, baking carries out after a period of time to before 48h, and polyphenol oxidase activity is low compared with K326 and cloud and mist 87, its activity is situated between after 48
Between K326 and cloud and mist 87, when 72h, reaches highest.According to the relationship of polyphenol oxidase activity and the resistance to roasting property of tobacco leaf, illustrate Hunan
The resistance to roasting property of No. 3 middle leaves of cigarette is good compared with K326, slightly poor compared with cloud and mist 87, belongs to the resistance to roasting preferable tobacco leaf of property.
Fig. 6 is the case where polyphenol oxidase activity changes in different cultivars upper leaf baking process, three kind upper leafs
Polyphenol oxidase activity is in slowly enhancing before baking carries out 48h, and after baking carries out 48h, polyphenol oxidase activity is quickly improved, and arrives
Reach highest when 72h, polyphenol oxidase activity is remarkably decreased after 72h.No. 3 upper leaf 0-72h polyphenol in baking process of Hunan cigarette
Oxidase active is between K326 and cloud and mist 87, its activity is closer to cloud and mist 87 after 72h, according to polyphenol oxidase activity and cigarette
The relationship of the resistance to roasting property of leaf illustrates that the resistance to roasting property of No. 3 upper leafs of Hunan cigarette is good compared with K326, slightly poor compared with cloud and mist 87, and it is preferable to belong to resistance to roasting property
Tobacco leaf.
Using the method for the present invention, the polyphenol oxidase activity of No. 3 different parts tobacco leaves of Hunan cigarette is in entire baking process intermediary
Between K326 and cloud and mist 87.The resistance to roasting property and polyphenol oxidase activity of tobacco leaf are closely related, the polyphenol oxidase during baking
A possibility that higher tobacco leaf of activity, generation browning reaction, is bigger, and fixation is more difficult, and variegated cigarette ratio is higher after baking, therefore,
Hunan cigarette 3 resistance to roasting property are good compared with K326, slightly poor compared with cloud and mist 87, belong to the resistance to roasting preferable tobacco leaf of property, Yi Dingse.
Example 2:
In September, 2014 is in two township regulations and parameters village testing site of western Hunan Huayuan county road using the slow baking curing process baking of present invention delay
The implementation result situation of Hunan cigarette 3 and traditional baking process baking K326:
2.1 each processing tobacco leaf Analysis on Economic Traits
By the way that cured tobacco leaf fractionation testing, whole room quality of tobacco compares and (is shown in Table 1): after the slow curing process of lower part cigarette delay is roasting
First-class cigarette ratio is 5.86%, and 5.31% than routinely toasting improves 0.55%, and upper medium grade cigarette ratio is 80.93%, than routine
The 74.65% of baking improves 6.28%, and average price is 17.27 yuan/kg, and the 15.72 yuan/kg than routinely toasting improves 1.55 yuan/kg；
Middle part cigarette be delayed slow curing process it is roasting after first-class cigarette ratio be 38.06%, 36.65% than routinely toasting improves 1.41%, it is upper in
Equal cigarettes ratio is 86.76%, and 83.87% than routinely toasting improves 2.89%, and average price is 23.39 yuan/kg, than what is routinely toasted
22.73 yuan/kg improves 0.66 yuan/kg；First-class cigarette ratio is 34.27% after the slow curing process of upper smoke delay is roasting, than conventional baking
24.03% improve 10.24%, upper medium grade cigarette ratio be 67.69%, than routinely toast 49.27% improve 18.42%,
Valence is 14.95 yuan/kg, and the 10.74 yuan/kg than routinely toasting improves 4.21 yuan/kg；Under, in, upper three position synthesis results,
First-class cigarette ratio is 27.89% after the slow curing process that is delayed is roasting, and 23.58% than routinely toasting improves 4.31%, upper medium grade cigarette ratio
Example be 78.08%, than routinely toast 66.78% improve 11.30%, average price be 18.59 yuan/kg, than routinely toast 15.87
Member/kg improves 2.72 yuan/kg.
1 Hunan cigarette of the watch 3 slow baking curing process Analysis on Economic Traits tables of delay
2.2 tobacco leaf Ratio of dry to fresh matter of leaves and baking time comparison
In terms of baking Ratio of dry to fresh matter of leaves angle, be delayed under slow curing process, in, upper smoke be respectively 8.0 (after optimization structures), 6.73
With 6.42, average value 6.95, than under conventional baking, in, upper smoke be higher by 0.04,0.01 and 0.50 respectively, be averagely higher by
0.27, it is meant that the slow curing process baking that is delayed is more preferable than the conversion of conventional baking tobacco leaves, and consumes dry matter 3.87% more, main
The reason is that the conversion of tobacco leaf changing yellow stage is abundant.From baking time, under test technology (be not implemented two delay), in, upper smoke
Baking time is respectively 132.67,141.00 and 139.67 hours, and average 137.78 hours, respectively fewer than conventional baking 29.33,
23.50 and 5.33 hours, averagely less 19.39 hours；The conventional baking time longer period is in the green cigarette such as fixation prometaphase tobacco
In the stage, the reason is that the conversion of changing yellow stage reason is insufficient, too early into the wilting phase, tobacco leaf dehydration is excessive too early, inhibits tobacco leaf, special
It is not that vein further turns yellow conversion；Not sufficient main reinforcement is converted, dry muscle later period dehydration is difficult, and the dry muscle time lengthens.It is toasting
When upper smoke, for conventional bakery since dress smoke is larger, when baking, reduces fixation stage curing humidity intentionally, and tobacco flue-curing is necessary
Consumption is further reduced.
The slow baking curing process tobacco leaf Ratio of dry to fresh matter of leaves of 2 Hunan cigarette of watch 3 delays and baking time table
2.3 each processing is baked into this analysis
As can be seen from Table 3: for lower tobacco leaf, the power consumption cost that delay is baked slowly increases 3.17% than control, and consumption is former
Coal increased costs 0.4%, average per kilogram dry cigarette increased costs 0.87%；The power consumption baked slowly for middle part tobacco leaf, delay
Cost increases 2.93% than control, consumption raw coal cost increases 1%, the average dry cigarette increased costs of per kilogram 1.32%；It is right
In upper tobacco leaf, the power consumption cost that delay is baked slowly increases 10.22% than control, and consumption raw coal cost increases 2.94%, average
Per kilogram dry cigarette increased costs 4.13%.
3 tobacco flue-curing energy-dissipating cost analysis table of table
Unit: the member/room Kg, Kg/, Kw.h, member, Kg
2.4 each processing tobacco leaf Evaluation on Appearance Quality analyses
As can be seen from Table 4: for lower tobacco leaf, roasting slowly (T1) ratio control (T2) Mature Tobacco Leaves percentage that is delayed is increased
2%, slightly Haze leaf increases 6.4%, and oil has tobacco leaf to increase 6.4%, and oil slightly tobacco leaf reduces 5.9%, few tobacco leaf
Reduce 0.5%, orange tobacco leaf increases 16.9%, and lemon yellow tobacco leaf reduces 15%；For middle part tobacco leaf, be delayed slow roasting ratio
Control Mature Tobacco Leaves percentage increases 2.3%, and loose tobacco leaf increases 0.4%, and the moderate tobacco leaf of identity increases 2.3%, oil
Dividing has tobacco leaf to increase 2.3%, and oil slightly tobacco leaf reduces 1.9%, and oil, which lacks tobacco leaf, reduces 0.4%, and orange tobacco leaf increases
Add 7.6%, lemon yellow tobacco leaf reduces 5.3%；For upper tobacco leaf, the slow roasting ratio control Mature Tobacco Leaves percentage that is delayed increases
0.6%, Shang Shusong tobacco leaf increases 8.2%, and slightly secret tobacco leaf reduces 7.5%, close tobacco leaf reduces 0.6%, cigarette after identity
Leaf reduces 0.6%, and slightly thick tobacco leaf increases 15%, and moderate tobacco leaf reduces 14.3%, and oil thickness leaf increases 0.3%,
Oil has tobacco leaf to increase 0.3%, and oil, which lacks tobacco leaf, reduces 0.7%, and orange tobacco leaf increases 15%, and lemon yellow tobacco leaf is reduced
14.3%.
4 cured tobacco leaf Evaluation on Appearance Quality table of table
2.5 cured tobacco leaf intrinsic chemical attributional analysis
Hunan cigarette 3 delays slow roasting compared with the chemical component of K326 tradition baking process C3F original cigarette (table 5) are it is found that Hunan cigarette 3
The total sugar content of number slow roasting middle part C3F of delay is 24.4%, nicotine content 2.86%, total nitrogen content 1.58%, chlorinity
It is 0.13%, potassium content 2.44%, candy alkali ratio 8.5.The total sugar content for compareing C3F in the middle part of K326 is 20.4%, nicotine
Content is 3.29%, total nitrogen content 1.83%, chlorinity 0.17%, potassium content 2.45%, candy alkali ratio 6.2.Hunan
The cigarette 3 slow curing process total reducing sugars of delay are higher than control K326, and nicotine, total nitrogen, chlorinity ratio K326 are low, potassium content, content of starch
Quite.Hunan cigarette 3 chemical component harmony is better than or suitable with K326.
The chemical composition analysis table that table 5 is respectively handled
2.6 former cigarette sensory evaluating smoking's results
Tobacco In Hunan company quality inspection station to the whole province main breed K326, cloud and mist 87, Yun yan85, kind Yunyan201 of demonstrating,
The smoking result that No. 3 Guiyan 4, Hunan cigarette qualities of tobacco track samples is listed in table 16.Hunan cigarette No. 3 aroma qualities, strength, score of smokeing panel test
Highest；Perfume quantity score is slightly below other kinds；It is miscellaneous to be so incensed that point to be higher than Yunyan201 and Guiyan 4, it is lower than K326, with cloud and mist 87
It is suitable with Yun yan85；Concentration score is higher than Guiyan 4, is lower than other kinds；Irritation score is lower than Guiyan 4, is higher than other
Kind；Pleasant impression score is higher than Guiyan 4, K326, cloud and mist 87, is lower than Yun yan85 and Yunyan201；Flammability score and other kinds
Quite；Grey score is higher than Guiyan 4, suitable with other kinds；Comprehensive score of smokeing panel test is higher than K326.
6 Hunan Province's quality of tobacco of table tracks sample sensory quality assessment value comparison table
(note: Tobacco In Hunan quality surveillance measuring station sensory evaluating smoking result)
Shown by national flue-cured tobacco breeding regional testing original cigarette smoking result and (be shown in Table 7), the Hunan cigarette 3 slow flue-cured tobacco fragrance of delay
Medium to the medium on the upper side, perfume quantity of matter has to still sufficient, concentration is medium, miscellaneous gas has, strength is medium, irritation has, pleasant impression is still suitable, fires
Burning property is strong, grey is greyish white, quality scale is medium to medium on the upper side, and odor type style is Luzhou-flavor, has burnt sweet tea sense, overall organoleptic's matter
Amount class is better than or suitable with check variety K326.
The national flue-cured tobacco breeding regional testing original cigarette smoking result (9-13 leaf position) of table 7
The industrial evaluation of Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC is the result shows that (table 8), with check variety K326 phase
Than the Hunan cigarette 3 slow flue-cured tobacco odor type styles of delay are identical with taste characteristics, and odor type shows that degree is slightly weak, burnt sweet tea taste characteristics phase
To obvious, tobacco aroma quality is relatively preferable, and perfume quantity is suitable with control, and flue gas concentration is slightly light, and miscellaneous gas is relatively light, irritation phase
To smaller, pleasant impression comfort is relatively preferable.
National new product of tobacco industrial evaluation evaluation and analysis identification table (9-13 leaf position) of table 8
Note: industrial evaluation is carried out by Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC tissue
In conclusion although Hunan cigarette 3 are toasted using the more conventional baking process of baking process of the present invention in the fresh and dried ratio of tobacco leaf
On decrease, baking cost is opposite to be increased, but first-class cigarette ratio, the average price after toasting all increase, and tobacco leaf is mature
Degree, institutional framework, identity, oil, tobacco leaf color are superior to traditional three-phase-drying for tobacco technique.Work is baked slowly using delay of the invention
Skill, tobacco leaf chemical composition harmony is better than or suitable with K326 after Hunan cigarette 3 bakings, overall organoleptic qualities' class be better than or with it is right
It is suitable according to kind K326.
Claims (2)
1. the slow curing process of delay in cigarette 3, Luzhou-flavor flue-cured tobacco cultivars Hunan, the technique the following steps are included:
1) slowly yellowingization and softening: after fresh tobacco leaf shove charge, closing the doors and windows and air inlet, igniting, with the heating of every 1 DEG C/1h
Speed heats up, and dry-bulb temperature rises to 37-38 DEG C, and wet-bulb temperature rises to 35.5-36 DEG C, keeps temperature to stablize, until observation
Until following result: lower tobacco leaf flavescence 60-70%, blade soften, and master pulse 40-50% softens；Middle part tobacco leaf flavescence 70-
80%, blade softens, and master pulse 30-35% softens；Upper tobacco leaf flavescence 80-90%, blade soften, and master pulse 30-35% softens；
2) wilting phase delay is slow roasting: after tobacco leaf variation reaches result required by step 1), firepower is increased, with 1 DEG C/2h's
Heating rate heats up, the dry bulb so that dry-bulb temperature when lower tobacco leaf toasts is raised to 40-41 DEG C, when the tobacco flue-curing of middle part
Temperature is raised to 41-42 DEG C, and dry-bulb temperature when upper tobacco leaf toasts is raised to 42-43 DEG C, and wet-bulb temperature is held in 37-38 DEG C,
Then steady temperature makes tobacco leaf turn yellow completely or essentially become full Huang, and sufficiently wilting to fall down, master pulse softens, and then proceedes to steady Wen Yanchang
The time of 10-15h (such as 12h)；
3) depth yellow: when tobacco leaf is by above step 2) the wilting phase be delayed after slow roasted journey, continue with the heating of 1 DEG C/2h
Speed heats up, and dry-bulb temperature when lower tobacco leaf toasts is raised to 45-46 DEG C, and the dry-bulb temperature when tobacco flue-curing of middle part is raised to
46-47 DEG C, dry-bulb temperature when upper tobacco leaf toasts is raised to 47-48 DEG C, and wet-bulb temperature is held in 37.5-38 DEG C, Zhi Daoguan
Until observing following result: tobacco leaf being made to reach cigarette muscle flavescence, pornographic movie Huang muscle, small scroll-like state；
4) drying muscle stage delay is slow roasting: after tobacco leaf reaches the result of step 3) requirement, continuing to carry out with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h
Heating makes dry-bulb temperature be raised to 48-50 DEG C, then accelerates heating with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/1h, and dry-bulb temperature is raised to 52-54
DEG C, 38-39 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature, keep the blade of tobacco leaf all dry, parent roll is presented in tobacco leaf, then steady temperature delay 10-15h (example
Such as 12h) time；
5) dry: when tobacco leaf is by above step 4) the slow curing process of drying muscle stage delay after, finally with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/1h
It heats up, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 63-65 DEG C when lower tobacco leaf toasts, and wet-bulb temperature is stablized at 41-42 DEG C, until cigarette muscle is complete
It is dry；Dry-bulb temperature is all raised to 66-68 DEG C when middle part and upper tobacco leaf toast, and wet-bulb temperature is stablized at 42-43 DEG C, until cigarette muscle is complete
It is dry；It is final to obtain product.
2. technique according to claim 1, wherein taking the side of slow heating, steady hydrofuge in the steady middle benefit gas of continuation of step 2)
Formula.
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