CN109375650A - Different roofing situation barrier shadow occlusion calculation methods - Google Patents
Different roofing situation barrier shadow occlusion calculation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN109375650A CN109375650A CN201811187608.4A CN201811187608A CN109375650A CN 109375650 A CN109375650 A CN 109375650A CN 201811187608 A CN201811187608 A CN 201811187608A CN 109375650 A CN109375650 A CN 109375650A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
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- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
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- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/15—Correlation function computation including computation of convolution operations
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of different roofing situation barrier shadow occlusion calculation methods, projection of the barrier on roofing is determined based on information such as the angle of gradient of roofing, the azimuth of roofing, obstacle height, solar azimuth, solar elevations, and determines that this is projected in roofing north and south, the component on east-west direction.According to information such as the angle of gradient of roofing, the directions of roofing, component of the barrier in roofing all directions is accurately calculated at any period, provides important to enter to join for photovoltaic plant minute design.With in industry according only to empirically determined barrier shade block range compared with, the present invention can not only calculate the shadow occlusion range on horizontal plane within the scope of the barrier any time, the shadow occlusion range having within the scope of azimuth and angle of gradient roofing barrier any time can also be calculated simultaneously, there is good directive function for the minute design of photovoltaic system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic technology, in particular to a kind of different roofing situation barrier shadow occlusions calculating side
Method.
Background technique
In photovoltaic plant actual moving process, due to blocking for Adjacent Buildings, trees, cloud layer etc., photovoltaic array warp
Often in local shades.Certain amount battery strings both ends and connect bypass diode and can effectively avoid by even point of uneven illumination
Cloth and the hot spot phenomenon generated, but also the output characteristics of photovoltaic array will be made to tend to complicate simultaneously.
Hot spot effect: under certain condition, the solar module being blocked in a series arm will be taken as load to disappear
Consuming other has energy caused by the solar module of illumination, and shielded solar module can generate heat at this time, here it is
Hot spot effect.The serious destruction solar cell of hot spot effect energy has portion of energy caused by the solar cell of illumination, all may
Shielded battery is consumed.Hot spot effect can be such that solder joint melts, and destroy encapsulating material (such as bypass diode), or even can make
Entire square matrix failure.
Generally speaking, hot spot effect can not only bring the risk of fire, while a large amount of generated energy can also be brought to lose, shadow
Ring income.Therefore, we are when doing photovoltaic power station system design, it should the shadow occlusion of the calculating barrier of fining,
Avoid influence of the shade to the even entire power station of photovoltaic module.
Summary of the invention
The problem of influencing the present invention be directed to photovoltaic power station roofing situation on photovoltaic module, propose a kind of difference
Roofing situation barrier shadow occlusion calculation method, the azimuth of the angle of gradient, roofing based on roofing, obstacle height, the sun
The information such as azimuth, solar elevation determine projection of the barrier on roofing, and determine that this is projected in roofing north and south, east
The upward component in west.According to information such as the angle of gradient of roofing, the directions of roofing, barrier is accurately calculated at any period and is existed
Component in roofing all directions, for photovoltaic plant minute design provide it is important enter ginseng.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of difference roofing situation barrier shadow occlusion calculation method, specifically include as
Lower step:
1) direction of roofing angle of gradient corresponding with its is determined:
Roofing azimuth ε is defined as: the angle of roofing normal direction projection in the horizontal plane and due south direction, positive court
The azimuth in south is 0, is positive, is counterclockwise negative clockwise,
The angle of gradient θ of roofing is the angle value of roofing and horizontal plane, if roofing is oriented south or east, θ=θ；If roofing
It is oriented north or west, θ=- θ；
2) it is determined according to photovoltaic station longitude and latitude, determines the time difference of photovoltaic station, obtain the true solar time,
True solar time=mean solar time+time difference true solar time；
Mean solar time=Beijing time+(- 120 ° of photovoltaic station longitude) * 4；
Time difference true solar time searches according to the corresponding time chart of every Time of Day；
3) projection for north and south pitched roof, highly for the barrier shade of Len on roofing are as follows:
Wherein, Len is height of the barrier relative to roofing；LenNS_NS is barrier shade perpendicular to ridge direction
Shading component；LenWE_NS is the shading component that barrier shade is parallel to ridge direction；α is solar elevation；β is sun side
Parallactic angle；
Sin α=sin φ * sin δ+cos φ * cos δ * cos ω
Cos β=(sin α * sin φ-sin δ)/(cos α * cos φ)
Wherein φ is local latitude；δ is sun Chi Guijiao；ω is solar hour angle；
ω=* 15 ° of (true solar time -12)
δ (deg)=0.006918-0.399912cos (b)+0.070257sin (b) -0.006758cos (2b)+
0.000907sin(2b)-0.002697cos(3b)+0.00148sin(3b)
Wherein, b=2*PI* (N-1)/365, N is the meter number of days from January 1 every year；PI indicates pi；
4) projection for thing pitched roof, highly for the barrier shade of Len on roofing are as follows:
Wherein, LenNS_WE is the shading component that barrier shade is parallel to ridge direction；LenWE_WE is barrier yin
Shading component of the shadow perpendicular to ridge direction；
5) barrier shadow occlusion range is shading component and the barrier yin with barrier shade perpendicular to ridge direction
It is long for the hypotenuse of two right-angle sides that shadow is parallel to the shading component in ridge direction.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: present invention difference roofing situation barrier shadow occlusion calculation method, with industry
The interior range of blocking according only to empirically determined barrier shade is compared, and it is any that the present invention can not only calculate barrier on horizontal plane
Shadow occlusion range in time range, while azimuth and angle of gradient roofing barrier any time range can also have been calculated
Interior shadow occlusion range has good directive function for the minute design of photovoltaic system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is parameter schematic diagram in the different roofing situation barrier shadow occlusion calculation methods of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
A kind of difference roofing situation barrier shadow occlusion calculation method, specifically comprises the following steps:
1, parameter schematic diagram in different roofing situation barrier shadow occlusion calculation methods as shown in Figure 1, θ is the slope of roof
Angle, real wire are roofing, and dashed box line is horizontal plane, and roofing and horizontal plane are met on straight line OB, and barrier AB height is l (AB high
Degree is parallel to the distance of the normal direction of roofing, i.e., with respect to the height with roofing), sunray is handed over from A point and roofing
Point is M, is E with horizontal plane intersection point.Make a straight line BF perpendicular to OB from B point in horizontal plane, makees one from B point in roofing plane
Item makees MC perpendicular to BC in roofing plane, makees ED perpendicular to BF in horizontal plane perpendicular to the straight line BG of OB.Barrier AB is in roofing
On be projected as BM, BM is BC perpendicular to the component on ridge direction, and the component for being parallel to ridge direction is CM, right angled triangle
Side length BM is barrier AB shadow occlusion, therefore two components are only calculated.
2, the direction of roofing angle of gradient corresponding with its is determined, the specific steps are as follows:
The definition of roofing azimuth ε is: the angle of roofing normal direction projection in the horizontal plane and due south direction.This hair
The bright positive azimuth towards south of definition is 0, is positive, is counterclockwise negative clockwise, then according to roofing azimuth ε, leads to
Crossing formula (1) can determine the direction of roofing.
After the direction for determining roofing, the angle of gradient θ of roofing is defined as follows: assuming that slope of roof angle is 3 °, if
Roofing is oriented south or east, and slope of roof angle is 3 °；If roofing is oriented north or west, slope of roof angle is -3 °.
3, it is determined according to station longitude and latitude, determines the time difference of station, the specific steps are as follows:
Photovoltaic station calculates the length of each period shadow, and what this period considered is corresponding local time (true solar time)
Period, rather than period of watch time (Beijing time), because two there is a certain error.
True solar time=mean solar time+time difference true solar time (2)
When mean solar time is local clock (be subject to longitude clock when, it is non-" Beijing time "), time difference true solar time
Every day is different from, there is no specific rules, and specifically seeing attached list 1 (can root for the corresponding time chart of every Time of Day
It is calculated according to the rule that the earth revolves around the sun by celestial mechanics).By taking certain Chinese city as an example, it is assumed that its longitude is 121 °, then
It is 12:00:00 (clock and watch show the time), mean solar time in Beijing time April 14 are as follows:
12:00:00+ (121 ° -120 °) * 4=12:04:00
The time difference for tabling look-up to obtain April 14 is 13 seconds, then should according to the true solar time that formula (2) calculates the city are as follows:
True solar time=12:04:00+00:00:13=12:04:13
Therefore show time deviation in 00:04:13 in the city, April 14, true solar time and clock and watch, that is to say, that
If needing to guarantee that 3 o'clock of Afternoon Local Time does not have shadow occlusion at this time, we need in watch time to be 14:55:47
When observed, rather than in traditional sense watch time 15:00:00 observation.
Table 1
4, the shadow occlusion range of barrier is determined according to station longitude and latitude and obstacle height, the specific steps are as follows:
Solar elevation α and solar azimuth angle beta are calculated separately according to local latitude φ:
Sin α=sin φ * sin δ+cos φ * cos δ * cos ω (3)
Cos β=(sin α * sin φ-sin δ)/(cos α * cos φ) (4)
Wherein, α is solar elevation；β is solar azimuth；φ is local latitude；δ is sun Chi Guijiao；
ω is solar hour angle.
Solar hour angle ω is calculated by (true solar time) when the sun, solar hour angle at noon when to be zero (be located at sky just
It is intermediate), it is at sunset+90 ° that it is at sunrise -90 ° that be positive in the morning, and be negative in the afternoon, and average hour angle per hour changes 15 °.
ω=* 15 ° of (true solar time -12) (5)
The red rail angle δ of the sun are as follows:
Wherein, b=2*PI* (N-1)/365, N is the meter number of days from January 1 every year.That is 1 day, N=1 January, January 2
Day, N=2, and so on.PI indicates pi.
If intermediate quantity k are as follows:
Consider roofing azimuth ε, then k' is
Therefore, the projection for north and south pitched roof, highly for the barrier shade of Len on roofing are as follows:
Wherein, Len is obstacle height；θ is slope of roof angle；ε is roofing azimuth；LenNS_NS is barrier shade
Perpendicular to the shading component in ridge direction；LenWE_NS is the shading component that barrier shade is parallel to ridge direction.
If intermediate quantity p are as follows:
Consider roofing azimuth ε, then p' are as follows:
When for eastern slope surface (angle of gradient θ assigns positive value), if β≤ε, θ=- θ；If β > ε, θ=θ.When for western slope surface (slope
Spend angle θ and assign negative value) when, if β > ε, θ=θ；If β≤ε, θ=- θ；It is summarized as angle of gradient θ following formula when thing pitched roof:
Therefore, the projection for thing pitched roof, highly for the barrier shade of Len on roofing are as follows:
Wherein, Len is obstacle height；θ is slope of roof angle；ε is roofing azimuth；LenNS_WE is barrier shade
It is parallel to the shading component in ridge direction；LenWE_WE is shading component of the barrier shade perpendicular to ridge direction.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of difference roofing situation barrier shadow occlusion calculation method, which is characterized in that specifically comprise the following steps:
1) direction of roofing angle of gradient corresponding with its is determined:
Roofing azimuth ε is defined as: the angle of roofing normal direction projection in the horizontal plane and due south direction, it is positive towards south
Azimuth is 0, is positive clockwise, is counterclockwise negative,
The angle of gradient θ of roofing is the angle value of roofing and horizontal plane, if roofing is oriented south or east, θ=θ；If roofing direction
For north or west, θ=- θ；
2) it is determined according to photovoltaic station longitude and latitude, determines the time difference of photovoltaic station, obtain the true solar time,
True solar time=mean solar time+time difference true solar time；
Mean solar time=Beijing time+(- 120 ° of photovoltaic station longitude) * 4；
Time difference true solar time searches according to the corresponding time chart of every Time of Day；
3) projection for north and south pitched roof, highly for the barrier shade of Len on roofing are as follows:
Wherein, Len is height of the barrier relative to roofing；LenNS_NS is shade of the barrier shade perpendicular to ridge direction
Component；LenWE_NS is the shading component that barrier shade is parallel to ridge direction；α is solar elevation；β is solar azimuth
Angle；
Sin α=sin φ * sin δ+cos φ * cos δ * cos ω
Cos β=(sin α * sin φ-sin δ)/(cos α * cos φ)
Wherein φ is local latitude；δ is sun Chi Guijiao；ω is solar hour angle；
ω=* 15 ° of (true solar time -12)
δ (deg)=0.006918-0.399912cos (b)+0.070257sin (b) -0.006758cos (2b)
+0.000907sin(2b)-0.002697cos(3b)+0.00148sin(3b)
Wherein, b=2*PI* (N-1)/365, N is the meter number of days from January 1 every year；PI indicates pi；
4) projection for thing pitched roof, highly for the barrier shade of Len on roofing are as follows:
Wherein, LenNS_WE is the shading component that barrier shade is parallel to ridge direction；LenWE_WE hangs down for barrier shade
Directly in the shading component in ridge direction；
5) barrier shadow occlusion range is flat perpendicular to the shading component and barrier shade in ridge direction with barrier shade
Shading component of the row in ridge direction is that the hypotenuse of two right-angle sides is long.
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| CN110705727A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-17 | 山东建筑大学 | Photovoltaic power station shadow shielding diagnosis method and system based on random forest algorithm |
| CN110837666A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-02-25 | 广联达科技股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional reconstruction method, system and medium for two-dimensional drawing of sloping roof |
| CN111522227A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-11 | 武汉理工大学 | Intelligent skylight control system capable of sensing weather |
| CN112686502A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-20 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic power generation system model selection method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN112883323A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-06-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic power generation system and area determination method, device, medium and processor thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20211014 Address after: 211111 No. 199, Zhengfang Middle Road, Jiangning Development Zone, Nanjing, Jiangsu Patentee after: ENVISION ENERGY (NANJING) SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Vision Energy Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 199, Zhengfang Middle Road, Jiangning Development Zone, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008 Patentee before: ENVISION ENERGY (NANJING) SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |