CN109374989B - Conformal array test method for time-sharing data synthesis - Google Patents
Conformal array test method for time-sharing data synthesis Download PDFInfo
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- CN109374989B CN109374989B CN201811199630.0A CN201811199630A CN109374989B CN 109374989 B CN109374989 B CN 109374989B CN 201811199630 A CN201811199630 A CN 201811199630A CN 109374989 B CN109374989 B CN 109374989B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/10—Radiation diagrams of antennas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4004—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system
Abstract
The invention discloses a conformal array test method for time-sharing data synthesis, which comprises the following steps of; numbering each body unit in the antenna and each port of the multi-channel switch; testing the inconsistency of each switch cable link and storing the test data of the inconsistency; connecting the port with the individual unit with the corresponding number through the cable, setting plane near-field test parameters, and determining a near-field acquisition plane; fixing the antenna, opening the ports one by one, and acquiring unit plane near-field data until all unit plane near-field data are acquired according to the corresponding relation; carrying out inconsistency removal operation on the near-field data of the unit plane; performing phase weighting synthesis on the unit plane near-field data to obtain antenna plane near-field data; performing near-far field transformation to obtain an antenna directional pattern; the invention can obtain the directional diagram of any wave position of the antenna and greatly improve the antenna testing capability under the existing resource configuration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of conformal array directional diagram testing, in particular to a conformal array testing method for time-sharing data synthesis.
Background
The conformal antenna refers to an antenna with an aperture surface completely conformal to the shape of a carrier platform, wherein the carrier platform is usually an airplane, a ship, a missile or some object flying at high speed. Compared with a planar array, the scanning range of the conformal antenna is larger; the carrier has low profile characteristics due to the conformation with the carrier, and conforms to the aerodynamic design of the carrier; the limited space of the carrier is saved, and meanwhile, the radar scattering cross section is also reduced.
To verify the antenna radiation characteristics, the antenna pattern needs to be tested. The antenna directional diagram is a graph of the change of the relative field intensity of a radiation field along with the direction at a certain distance from an antenna, and is a graph description method for the radiation characteristic of the antenna, and the antenna directional diagram is also called a far-field directional diagram. The parameters of the antenna can be observed from the antenna directional diagram; the antenna pattern is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane patterns passing through the maximum radiation direction of the antenna.
The planar near-field test method is generated along with the generation of the antenna, and is continuously improved along with the development of the antenna. Compared with a far-field test method, the plane near-field test method has the advantages of good confidentiality and all-weather work because the test process is carried out in a microwave darkroom. Secondly, when the antenna array surface size is very big, far field test distance is very far away, and the topography influences the test result very much, and then leads to the test result inaccurate, and near field test obtains the wave spectrum of the antenna radiation field of being measured at first and obtains the field value of any point of the antenna radiation area of being measured through the wave spectrum integral, therefore test information is abundant, the result is accurate. Finally, the large antenna is not easy to disassemble during far field test, the requirement on mechanical structure strength is high due to the fact that the antenna to be tested needs to rotate, and the antenna to be tested is fixed during plane near field test, so that the antenna to be tested is more efficient and convenient.
The planar near-field test method is based on a spectral domain expression of a passive region Maxwell equation set under a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and has the physical significance that the field value of any point of the passive region can be regarded as a result of planar wave superposition in each direction of space. The method is a mainstream method for measuring the semi-space radiation high-gain pencil-beam antenna, and during testing, the tangential electric field distribution on a plane (sampling plane) in front of the aperture plane of the antenna to be tested is firstly collected, then a spectrum function is calculated, and finally the field intensity of any point in the semi-space is calculated according to near-far field transformation.
Passive pattern testing refers to antenna pattern testing without the aid of active channels. In the existing plane near-field passive directional diagram test method, a scanning state (wave position) directional diagram is obtained by means of phase distribution cables, and each wave position corresponds to one group of phase distribution cables. Taking the one-dimensional scanning pattern test as an example, the other dimension unit is synthesized by the power divider, so the number of cables is the same as the number of units in the scanning direction. When the method is used for testing the conformal array passive directional diagram, because the position arrangement of the antenna units has no obvious rule, and the other dimensional unit cannot be synthesized by the power divider, the number of the cables is the same as that of the full array units, the testing cost (including the cable processing cost, the labor cost and the time cost) is very high, and the testing cost is higher when the array scale is larger. For any curved surface conformal antenna, the curved surface of the carrier is in an irregular shape, so that two groups of wave positions which are completely symmetrical about the normal direction do not exist, the change of the characteristics (such as beam width and side lobe level) of the directional diagram does not show obvious regularity when the scanning angle is gradually increased, the encrypted wave position scanning interval is particularly important, and the conventional plane near-field testing method cannot meet the testing requirement.
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the inventors of the present invention have finally obtained the present invention through a long period of research and practice.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical defects, the invention adopts the technical scheme that a conformal array testing method for time-sharing data synthesis is provided, which comprises the following steps;
s1, numbering each body unit in the antenna, and numbering each port of the multi-channel switch;
s2, determining the corresponding relation between the individual unit number and the port number;
s3, connecting the ports of the multi-channel switch with each cable, wherein each port and the cable form a plurality of switch cable links; testing the inconsistency of each switch cable link through a vector network analyzer and storing test data of the inconsistency;
s4, connecting the port with the individual unit with the corresponding number through the cable, and connecting the main port of the multi-channel switch with a test system;
s5, setting plane near field test parameters and determining a near field acquisition plane;
s6, fixing the antenna, controlling the multi-channel switch to open each port one by one, and simultaneously acquiring unit plane near field data through the test system;
s7, repeating the step S6 until the cell plane near field data of all the individual cells are collected according to the corresponding relation;
s8, carrying out inconsistency removal operation on the near field data of the unit plane;
s9, after the inconsistency is removed, carrying out phase weighted synthesis on the near field data of the unit plane to obtain the near field data of the antenna plane at the acquisition plane;
and S10, performing near-far field transformation on the antenna plane near-field data to obtain an antenna directional pattern under the measured wave position.
Preferably, in step S2, when the number of the individual units is greater than the number of the ports, the individual units and the ports are corresponding to the same port, so as to achieve the corresponding relationship between the individual units and the ports.
Preferably, in step S3, the number of the ports and the number of the cables are the same; a single port is correspondingly connected with a single cable; the number of the switch cable links is the same as that of the ports and the cables.
Preferably, the cables are arranged to be equal-length cables.
Preferably, the plane near field test parameters include position information, wave position information, test settings, and antenna attributes.
Preferably, the inconsistency of each switch cable link is removed from all the cell plane near-field data collected in step S7 according to the correspondence and the test data of the inconsistency in step S3.
Preferably, the unit plane near-field data of all the individual units are phase weighted and synthesized according to the position information and the wave position information.
Preferably, the antenna plane near-field data is subjected to near-far field transformation according to the test setting and the antenna attribute to obtain an antenna directional pattern under a measured wave position.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1, an active channel and a cable do not need to be repeatedly arranged according to different wave positions, so that the test cost of the conformal array directional diagram is greatly reduced; 2, a directional diagram of any wave position of the antenna can be obtained, and the antenna testing capability under the existing resource allocation is greatly improved; 3, the switching time of the switch is very short, so that the efficiency is higher compared with the conventional plane near-field test method; and 4, the microwave darkroom test resources are saved, and a large amount of microwave darkroom test work is converted into later-stage data processing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the testing equipment of the conformal array testing method of time-sharing data synthesis according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a conformal array testing method of time-sharing data synthesis according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of the 8GHz azimuth plane results obtained by the two testing methods in the second embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a comparison directional diagram of the results of the two test methods in the second embodiment for the 8GHz pitching surface;
FIG. 5 is a 3GHz normal azimuth plane directional diagram of a third embodiment of the conformal array testing method of time-sharing data synthesis of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an azimuth plane pattern at 30 ° of 3GHz azimuth scanning according to a third embodiment of the conformal array testing method with time-sharing data synthesis of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an azimuth plane pattern at 60 ° of 3GHz azimuth scanning according to a third embodiment of the conformal array testing method based on time-sharing data synthesis of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a pitch plane directional diagram of a time-sharing data synthesized conformal array test method according to a third embodiment of the present invention when the 3GHz pitch is scanned by 20 °.
The figures in the drawings represent:
1-an antenna; 2-a microwave darkroom; 3-a vector network analyzer; 4-a multi-channel switch; 5-a probe; 6-a sampling frame; 7-debugging the computer.
Detailed Description
The above and further features and advantages of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a testing apparatus of the conformal array testing method of time-sharing data synthesis according to the present invention; the testing equipment adopted by the invention comprises an antenna 1, a microwave darkroom 2, a testing system, a vector network analyzer 3, a multi-channel switch 4 and equal-length cables, wherein the number of the equal-length cables is the same as that of ports of the multi-channel switch 4. The antenna 1, the vector network analyzer 3, the multi-channel switch 4 and the equal-length cables are all arranged in the anechoic chamber 2. The multi-channel switch 4 is connected with the antenna 1 through the equal-length cable. The test system comprises a probe 5, a sampling frame 6 and a debugging computer 7, wherein the probe 5 is fixed on the sampling frame 6, the probe 5 and the antenna 1 are arranged at a certain distance, and the distance between the probe 5 and the antenna 1 is a test distance. The debug computer 7 controls the multi-channel switch 4 and collects inconsistency test data tested by the vector network analyzer 3.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a conformal array testing method of time-sharing data synthesis according to the present invention; the conformal array testing method of time-sharing data synthesis comprises the following steps;
and S1, numbering each body unit in the antenna 1 according to a determined sequence, and numbering each port of the multi-channel switch 4 according to the determined sequence.
S2, determining the corresponding relation between the individual unit number in the antenna 1 and the port number in the multi-channel switch 4. When the number of the individual units is larger than the number of the ports, the corresponding relationship between the individual units and the ports can be realized by corresponding a plurality of the individual units to the same port.
S3, connecting the ports of the multi-channel switch 4 with the equal-length cables, and correspondingly connecting the single equal-length cable with the single port; each port and the equal-length cable form a plurality of switch cable links; the number of the switch cable links is the same as that of the ports and the equal-length cables; and testing the inconsistency of each switch cable link through the vector network analyzer 3 and storing the test data of the inconsistency.
And S4, connecting the ports of the multi-channel switch 4 with the individual units with the corresponding numbers through the cables with equal length, and connecting the main port of the multi-channel switch 4 with the test system.
And S5, setting plane near-field test parameters and determining a near-field acquisition plane.
The plane near field test parameters comprise position information, wave position information, test setting and antenna attributes.
The position information is position state information of each individual unit; the wave position information is maximum scan direction information of the conformal array, and the maximum scan direction can provide weighted phase information of each individual unit. The test setting comprises a test distance, a near field acquisition point number and the like. The antenna properties include antenna wavefront size, etc.
And S6, fixing the antenna 1, controlling the multi-channel switch 4 to open each port one by one, and simultaneously acquiring unit plane near field data through the test system.
S7, repeating the step S6 until the cell plane near field data of all the individual cells are collected according to the corresponding relation.
And S8, removing the inconsistency of each switch cable link from all the unit plane near-field data collected in the step S7 according to the corresponding relation between the individual unit and the port and the inconsistency test data in the step S3.
And S9, performing phase weighting synthesis on the near field data of the unit planes of all the individual units according to the position information and the wave position information to obtain the near field data of the antenna plane of the antenna 1 at the acquisition plane.
And S10, performing near-far field transformation on the antenna plane near-field data according to the test setting and the antenna attribute to obtain an antenna directional pattern under the measured wave position.
The conformal array test method of time-sharing data synthesis breaks through the limitation of the existing plane near-field test method in the test of the conformal array passive directional diagram; and acquiring plane near-field information of each unit when the unit is independently excited by using the multi-channel switch 4 capable of being rapidly switched, weighting the acquired near-field information according to the wave position and the position information of each unit, synthesizing a plane near-field value of the whole array surface, and finally performing near-far field transformation to calculate the field intensity of any point in a half space.
The method provided by the invention greatly reduces the test cost of the conformal array directional diagram, improves the test capability and the test efficiency of the antenna 1 under the existing resource configuration, saves the test resources of the microwave darkroom 2, and converts a large amount of test work of the microwave darkroom 2 into the later data processing. The method is also suitable for testing the planar array passive directional diagram, and can greatly improve the testing efficiency.
Example two
In order to verify the accuracy of the conformal array testing method based on time-sharing data synthesis of the present invention, this embodiment performs testing verification on the planar array antenna 1 of the X-band according to the testing method steps in the first embodiment, and the testing content is a direction diagram when the antenna 1 scans at an azimuth of 45 °.
The first test method is that in the prior art, a phase matching cable is adopted to directly acquire antenna near-field data, and near-field and far-field transformation is carried out to acquire an antenna directional pattern; the second testing method is a conformal array testing method adopting time-sharing data synthesis of the invention: firstly, collecting the unit plane near-field data of each individual unit, then weighting the unit plane near-field data to obtain the antenna 1 plane near-field data, and finally carrying out near-far field transformation to obtain an antenna directional pattern.
The antenna pattern is generally in the shape of petals, known as lobes or beams. The lobe containing the maximum radiation direction is called a main lobe, the other lobes are called side lobes or side lobes, and are divided into a first side lobe, a second side lobe and the like, and the beam opposite to the main lobe direction is called a back lobe.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, fig. 3 and 4 are a comparison graph of the results of the 8GHz azimuth plane antenna directional diagram and a comparison graph of the results of the 8GHz elevation plane antenna directional diagram obtained by two testing methods, respectively, and it can be obtained from fig. 3 and 4 that the main lobe and the near side lobe have high goodness of fit and the azimuth plane and the far side lobe have slight deviation.
EXAMPLE III
In this embodiment, the conformal antenna 1 is tested by using the conformal array test method of time-sharing data synthesis of the present invention. The polarization of the antenna 1 is horizontal polarization, the number of individual units of the antenna 1 is 144, the number of ports of the multi-channel switch 4 is 16, and each port number corresponds to 9 individual unit numbers, so that the acquisition of unit plane near-field data is completed by testing for 9 times. The wave positions of the antenna directional diagram comprise a normal direction, an azimuth scanning angle of 30 degrees, an azimuth scanning angle of 60 degrees and a pitching scanning angle of 20 degrees.
Fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8 show the 3GHz directivity pattern test results of the four wave positions.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, which is intended to be illustrative and not limiting. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications and equivalents may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A conformal array test method for time-sharing data synthesis is characterized by comprising the following steps;
s1, numbering each body unit in the antenna, and numbering each port of the multi-channel switch;
s2, determining the corresponding relation between the individual unit number and the port number;
s3, connecting the ports of the multi-channel switch with each cable, wherein each port and the cable form a plurality of switch cable links; testing the inconsistency of each switch cable link through a vector network analyzer and storing test data of the inconsistency;
s4, connecting the port with the individual unit with the corresponding number through the cable, and connecting the main port of the multi-channel switch with a test system;
s5, setting plane near field test parameters and determining a near field acquisition plane;
s6, fixing the antenna, controlling the multi-channel switch to open each port one by one, and simultaneously acquiring unit plane near field data through the test system;
s7, repeating the step S6 until the cell plane near field data of all the individual cells are collected according to the corresponding relation;
s8, carrying out inconsistency removal operation on the near field data of the unit plane;
s9, after the inconsistency is removed, carrying out phase weighted synthesis on the near field data of the unit plane to obtain the near field data of the antenna plane at the acquisition plane;
and S10, performing near-far field transformation on the antenna plane near-field data to obtain an antenna directional pattern under the measured wave position.
2. The method for testing a conformal array with time-shared data synthesis according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, when the number of the individual units is greater than the number of the ports, the individual units and the ports are corresponding to each other by corresponding a plurality of the individual units to the same port.
3. The method for testing a conformal array of time-shared data synthesis of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the number of ports and cables is the same; a single port is correspondingly connected with a single cable; the number of the switch cable links is the same as that of the ports and the cables.
4. The method of time-multiplexed data synthesized conformal array testing of claim 1, wherein the cables are arranged as equal length cables.
5. The method of time-multiplexed data synthesized conformal array testing of claim 1, wherein the planar near-field test parameters include position information, wave position information, test settings, antenna properties.
6. The method for conformal array testing with time-shared data synthesis of claim 1, wherein all of said cell plane near-field data collected in said step S7 is removed of the inconsistency of each of said switch cable links according to said correspondence and said test data of inconsistency in said step S3.
7. The method of time-multiplexed data synthesized conformal array testing of claim 5, wherein the element plane near-field data of all individual elements is phase weighted synthesized based on the position information and the wave position information.
8. The method for time-multiplexed data synthesized conformal array testing of claim 5, wherein the antenna pattern at a measured wave position is obtained by performing a near-far field transform on the antenna plane near-field data based on the test settings and the antenna attributes.
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