CN109374982A - A kind of liquid dielectric measuring device - Google Patents
A kind of liquid dielectric measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109374982A CN109374982A CN201811218619.4A CN201811218619A CN109374982A CN 109374982 A CN109374982 A CN 109374982A CN 201811218619 A CN201811218619 A CN 201811218619A CN 109374982 A CN109374982 A CN 109374982A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2617—Measuring dielectric properties, e.g. constants
Abstract
The present invention relates to investigation of materials fields, a kind of liquid dielectric measuring device, including high-voltage DC power supply, charging resistor, charging cable, pulse shaping cable, recycle water dispenser, high-voltage switch gear, power divider, attenuator, transmission line I, impedance matching circuit, oscillograph, transmission line II, sample cell, resonator, vector network analyzer and computer, device has the structure of pulse shaping cable combination high-voltage switch gear, to generate voltage pulse and be applied to fluid sample, voltage pulse is generated using the structure of pulse shaping cable combination high-voltage switch gear, and high pressure is applied on fluid sample by transmission line, in addition, using the dielectric constant for measuring liquid based on the resonator combination vector network analyzer of one Perot resonance principle of Fabry, the dielectric constant of fluid sample after action of high voltage can be measured, device The structure for generating high-voltage pulse is simple, and easy to operate, cost is relatively low for the resonator for measuring liquid dielectric, and test result precision is higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to investigation of materials field, especially a kind of dielectric that can measure the fluid sample after action of high voltage
A kind of liquid dielectric measuring device of constant.
Background technique
It needs to carry out precise measurement to liquid dielectric in many chemistry and biologic applications, in the prior art using refraction
Rate sensor measures, but its response of refractive index is not linear, so that cumbersome calibration process is needed, in addition, refractive index
Sensor is very sensitive to being bent, therefore can collect interference signal in the characteristic spectra of refraction measurement, also has the prior art to adopt
Liquid dielectric is measured with reflection-type refractometer, but reflection-type refractometer is more fragile, cost of manufacture is high and technique is multiple
It is miscellaneous, and two reflecting surface must accurately be processed with keeping parallelism, its performance in practical applications of these defective effects.
In the experiment for studying the liquid after action of high voltage, need to apply certain amplitude and the voltage pulse of duration to liquid,
But device volume in the prior art is larger and inconvenient, a kind of liquid dielectric measuring device is able to solve
Problem.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention generates voltage arteries and veins using the structure of pulse shaping cable combination high-voltage switch gear
Punching, and high pressure is applied on fluid sample by transmission line, in addition, using the resonator combination vector network point of special designing
Analyzer measures the dielectric constant of liquid.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of liquid dielectric measuring device includes high-voltage DC power supply, charging resistor, charging cable, pulse shaping
Cable, circulation water dispenser, high-voltage switch gear, power divider, attenuator, transmission line I, impedance matching circuit, oscillograph, transmission line
II, sample cell, resonator, vector network analyzer and computer, a typical range of from 1.2kV of high-voltage DC power supply output voltage are arrived
2.0kV, the high-voltage switch gear have input terminal and output end, and the power divider has input, output end I and output end
II, high-voltage DC power supply, charging resistor, charging cable, pulse shaping cable, high-voltage switch gear and power divider input terminal successively
Cable connection, the output end I of power divider successively cable connection transmission line II and sample cell, the core wire and sample of transmission line II
Slot casing insulation, the sample cell earthing of casing, the output end II of power divider successively cable connection attenuator, transmission line I, impedance
Match circuit and oscillograph, resonator are located in sample cell；Pulse shaping cable includes shell, stainless steel strip, insulative cylinders, enters
The mouth of a river and water outlet, stainless steel strip and insulative cylinders are respectively positioned in shell, and stainless steel strip is helically wound around in insulative cylinders, stainless
Steel bar both ends are separately connected charging cable and high-voltage switch gear input terminal, and shell is that cylinder is barrel-shaped, are full of between shell and insulative cylinders
Deionized water, the electric conductivity of deionized water are 0.1uS/cm, and shell has water inlet and water outlet and is connected to recirculated water
Machine；High-voltage switch gear includes opening normal film, metal layer I, insulating layer, metal layer II and Schottky diode, described to open normal film, gold
Belong to layer I, insulating layer and metal layer II to it is lower and on be sequentially depositing preparation, the anode connection metal layer II of Schottky diode, Xiao
The input terminal of the cathode connection high-voltage switch gear of special based diode, the output end of high-voltage switch gear connect metal layer I, and opening normal film is side
Long 1 centimetre of square, insulating layer are Parylene material, metal layer I by the copper with a thickness of 50 microns at and upper surface
Be coated with the tungsten with a thickness of 5 microns, metal layer II by the copper with a thickness of 35 microns at and upper and lower surfaces be coated with thickness
For 5 microns of tungsten, the high-temperature electric arc that tungsten can prevent copper from being generated in switching process by high-voltage switch gear is burnt out；Resonator includes leading outside
Body, inner conductor, sealing ring, resonant cavity, sheet metal, sub-miniature A connector, sub-miniature A connector coaxial cable connected vector Network Analyzer, vector
Network Analyzer connects computer, and outer conductor and inner conductor are made of stainless steel, and outer conductor is hollow cylinder, and inner conductor is
Cylindrical body, inner conductor are coaxially fixed in outer conductor, and sub-miniature A connector is hermetically connected with above outer conductor, is welded under with metal
Piece, sealing ring are located at the middle position in outer conductor, and inner conductor passes through sealing ring, sealing ring will be divided into inside outer conductor top and
Lower part has air-tightness between the upper and lower part, and the top is full of air, and resonant cavity is formed at the lower part, under described
There is a through-hole, through-hole is totally immersed into fluid sample on the side wall in portion；Stainless steel strip diameter is 2 millimeters, insulative cylinders
Diameter is 40 millimeters, length is 200 millimeters, and it is 15 millimeters that stainless steel strip, which is wound in the spiral spacing in insulative cylinders,；Shell
Length is 300 millimeters, internal diameter is 100 millimeters；Insulating layer with a thickness of 12 microns；The length of outer conductor is 20 centimetres, internal diameter is
15 millimeters, outer diameter be 20 millimeters, the length of inner conductor is 20 centimetres, diameter is 5 millimeters；Through-hole on outer conductor lower sides is straight
Diameter is 10 millimeters, and the through-hole top edge is 3 millimeters apart from sealing ring.
The working method of resonator are as follows:
At work, the through-hole on the side wall of the outer conductor lower part of resonator is totally immersed into fluid sample, under sealing ring
For place of side with a small amount of residual air, the contact surface of the residual air and fluid sample forms gas-liquid interface, the gas
Body-liquid surface has biggish impedance mismatching, therefore can be as the reflector of a high reflectance, and sheet metal is as another
A reflector, fluid sample form Fabry-Perot resonance between sealing ring and sheet metal, pass through vector network analyzer
The movement of resonance spectrum is monitored, the dielectric constant of fluid sample can be calculated by measurement and accordingly.
The microwave signal of vector network analyzer output by sub-miniature A connector input resonator, outer conductor and inner conductor it
Between form waveform, and relayed along negative y-axis direction, the major part of the microwave signal is reflected by gas-liquid interface, is defined as
The fraction of first reflection signal, the microwave signal reaches sheet metal through gas-liquid interface, is defined as the first time thoroughly
Signal is penetrated, and most of energy of the first time transmission signal is reflected by sheet metal, so that generating multipath reflection in resonant cavity
And multi interference.The phase delay of first reflection signal and first time transmission signal at gas-liquid interface is(formula one), wherein λ and f is respectively the wavelength and frequency of microwave signal, and d is resonant cavity in y-axis direction
Inner length, εrIt is the absolute dielectric constant of fluid sample, c is the light velocity in vacuum, as phase delay of δ=2m π, Neng Gou
Resonance pattern is obtained in the reflectance spectrum of frequency domain, wherein m is integer, referred to as resonant coefficient, and the resonant frequency in reflectance spectrum is(formula two), the interval between two adjacent minimums in reflectance spectrum, is defined as free spectral limit, indicates
For(formula three), when the dielectric constant of fluid sample changes and causes reflectance spectrum mobile, resonant frequency shift table
It is shown as(formula four), in such manner, it is possible to pass through monitoring resonant frequency under conditions of d is fixed
Variation determine the variation of the dielectric constant of fluid sample in resonant cavity, obtained from above-mentioned formula: the liquid dielectric of resonator
The measurement sensitivity of constant isIt is proportional to resonant coefficient m, is inversely proportional to the absolute dielectric constant ε of d and liquidr,
UsingWhat (formula four) measured is the changing value of liquid dielectric, rather than absolutely
Value, if variation is smaller, the changing value can regard linear as.(formula three) is for measuring liquid dielectric
The absolute value of constant, i.e. holding d is constant, by obtaining free spectral limit from the reflectance spectrum of record.
Pass through(formula two) is it is found that the variation of the resonant cavity length as caused by thermally expanding will lead to resonance frequency
The movement of rate, so as to cause temperature interference, temperature sensitivity isWherein α0It is the temperature expansion system of stainless steel
Number, to obtain, the cross sensitivity of dielectric constant-temperature is 2 εrα0。
The working method of high-voltage switch gear are as follows:
When the voltage between Schottky diode anode and cathode is more than its breakdown reverse voltage, Schottky diode and gold
The PN junction for belonging to the interface between layer II generates evaporative effect, and then plasma is caused to generate and amplify, and has punctured insulating layer, has made
It obtains and produces high-voltage arc between metal layer I and metal layer II, the high-voltage arc results between metal layer I and metal layer II
Metal redistribution so that high-voltage switch gear be closed.
The step of dielectric constant using a kind of liquid dielectric measuring device to measure fluid sample are as follows:
Step 1, sample cell is added in liquid sample, and the through-hole on the side wall of the outer conductor lower part of resonator is complete
Portion is immersed in fluid sample；
Step 2, high-voltage DC power supply is opened, it is supreme by charging resistor, charging cable and pulse shaping cable output voltage
It compresses switch, adjusts the output voltage of high-voltage DC power supply so that high-voltage switch gear is closed；
Step 3, the voltage waveform of the output end of high-voltage switch gear is monitored by oscillograph；
Step 4, within the time of high-voltage switch gear closure, voltage is generated between the core wire and sample cell shell of transmission line II
Difference, and be applied on fluid sample；
Step 5, vector network analyzer exports microwave signal and enters resonator, vector network analysis by sub-miniature A connector
The resonant frequency of instrument record fluid sample；
Step 6, the data of vector network analyzer acquisition input computer, obtain reflectance spectrum after computer disposal, and count
Calculation obtains the dielectric constant of fluid sample.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The structure that apparatus of the present invention generate high-voltage pulse is simple, easy to operate, for measuring the resonance of liquid dielectric
Cost is relatively low for device, and test result precision is higher.
Detailed description of the invention
It is further illustrated below with reference to figure of the invention:
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention；Fig. 2 is pulse shaping cable enlarged diagram；
Fig. 3 is high-voltage switch gear enlarged diagram；Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is resonator enlarged diagram.
In figure, 1. high-voltage DC power supplies, 2. charging resistors, 3. charging cables, 4. pulse shaping cables, 4-1. shell, 4-2.
Stainless steel strip, 4-3. insulative cylinders, 4-4. water inlet, 4-5. water outlet, 5. circulation water dispensers, 6. high-voltage switch gears, 6-1. are opened commonly
Film, 6-2. metal layer I, 6-3. insulating layer, 6-4. metal layer II, 6-5. Schottky diode, 7. power dividers, 8. decaying
Device, 9. transmission line I, 10. impedance matching circuits, 11. oscillographs, 12. transmission line II, 13. sample cells, 14. resonators, 14-1.
Outer conductor, 14-2. inner conductor, 14-3. sealing ring, 14-4. resonant cavity, 14-5. sheet metal, 14-6.SMA connector, 15. vector nets
Network analyzer, 16. computers.
Specific embodiment
If Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention, xyz is three-dimensional coordinate system, if Fig. 2 is the amplification signal of pulse shaping cable
Figure, measuring device include high-voltage DC power supply (1), charging resistor (2), charging cable (3), pulse shaping cable (4), circulation water dispenser
(5), high-voltage switch gear (6), power divider (7), attenuator (8), transmission line I (9), impedance matching circuit (10), oscillograph
(11), transmission line II (12), sample cell (13), resonator (14), vector network analyzer (15) and computer (16), high straightening
Galvanic electricity source (1) a typical range of from 1.2kV to 2.0kV of output voltage, the high-voltage switch gear (6) have input terminal and output end, institute
Power divider (7) are stated with input, output end I and output end II, high-voltage DC power supply (1), charging resistor (2), charging
The input terminal successively cable connection of line (3), pulse shaping cable (4), high-voltage switch gear (6) and power divider (7), power distribution
The output end I of device (7) successively cable connection transmission line II (12) and sample cell (13), the core wire and sample cell of transmission line II (12)
(13) casing insulation, sample cell (13) earthing of casing, the output end II of power divider (7) successively cable connection attenuator (8),
Transmission line I (9), impedance matching circuit (10) and oscillograph (11), resonator (14) are located in sample cell (13)；Pulse forming line
Cable (4) includes shell (4-1), stainless steel strip (4-2), insulative cylinders (4-3), water inlet (4-4) and water outlet (4-5), stainless
Steel bar (4-2) and insulative cylinders (4-3) are respectively positioned in shell (4-1), and stainless steel strip (4-2) is helically wound around insulative cylinders (4-
3) on, the both ends stainless steel strip (4-2) are separately connected charging cable (3) and high-voltage switch gear (6) input terminal, and shell (4-1) is cylinder barrel
Shape, is full of deionized water between shell (4-1) and insulative cylinders (4-3), the electric conductivity of deionized water is 0.1uS/cm, shell
(4-1) has water inlet (4-4) and water outlet (4-5) and is connected to circulation water dispenser (5)；Stainless steel strip (4-2) diameter is 2
Millimeter, the diameter of insulative cylinders (4-3) is 40 millimeters, length is 200 millimeters, and stainless steel strip (4-2) is wound in insulative cylinders (4-
3) the spiral spacing on is 15 millimeters；The length of shell (4-1) is 300 millimeters, internal diameter is 100 millimeters.
If Fig. 3 is high-voltage switch gear enlarged diagram, if Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 3, high-voltage switch gear (6) includes opening normal film
(6-1), metal layer I (6-2), insulating layer (6-3), metal layer II (6-4) and Schottky diode (6-5), it is described to open normal film
(6-1), metal layer I (6-2), insulating layer (6-3) and metal layer II (6-4) to it is lower and on be sequentially depositing preparation, two pole of Schottky
The anode for managing (6-5) connects metal layer II (6-4), the input of cathode connection high-voltage switch gear (6) of Schottky diode (6-5)
The output end at end, high-voltage switch gear (6) connects metal layer I (6-2), opens the square that normal film (6-1) is 1 centimetre of side length, insulation
Layer (6-3) be Parylene material, insulating layer (6-3) with a thickness of 12 microns；Metal layer I (6-2) is by with a thickness of 50 microns
Copper at and upper surface be coated with the tungsten with a thickness of 5 microns, metal layer II (6-4) by the copper with a thickness of 35 microns at and on
Surface and lower surface are coated with a thickness of 5 microns of tungsten, the height that tungsten can prevent copper from being generated in switching process by high-voltage switch gear (6)
Warm electric arc is burnt out.
If Fig. 5 is resonator enlarged diagram, resonator (14) includes outer conductor (14-1), inner conductor (14-2), sealing
Enclose (14-3), resonant cavity (14-4), sheet metal (14-5), sub-miniature A connector (14-6), sub-miniature A connector (14-6) coaxial cable connection arrow
It measures Network Analyzer (15), vector network analyzer (15) connects computer (16), outer conductor (14-1) and inner conductor (14-2)
It is made of stainless steel, outer conductor (14-1) is hollow cylinder, and inner conductor (14-2) is cylindrical body, and inner conductor (14-2) is coaxial
It is fixed in outer conductor (14-1), the length of outer conductor (14-1) is 20 centimetres, internal diameter is 15 millimeters, outer diameter is 20 millimeters, interior
The length of conductor (14-2) is 20 centimetres, diameter is 5 millimeters, and outer conductor (14-1) is hermetically connected with sub-miniature A connector (14- above
6) it, is welded under with sheet metal (14-5), sealing ring (14-3) is located at the middle position in outer conductor (14-1), inner conductor (14-
2) sealing ring (14-3) is passed through, sealing ring (14-3) will be divided into upper and lower part inside outer conductor (14-1), and the top is under
There is air-tightness, the top is full of air, and resonant cavity (14-4) is formed at the lower part, has on the side wall of the lower part between portion
There is a through-hole, through-hole is totally immersed into fluid sample, and the through-hole diameter on outer conductor (14-1) lower sides is 10 millimeters, institute
It is 3 millimeters that through-hole top edge, which is stated, apart from sealing ring (14-3).
The working method of resonator (14) are as follows:
At work, the through-hole on the side wall of lower part outer conductor (14-1) of resonator (14) is totally immersed into fluid sample
In, with a small amount of residual air, the contact surface of the residual air and fluid sample forms gas at place below sealing ring (14-3)
Body-liquid surface, the gas-liquid interface have biggish impedance mismatching, therefore can be as the anti-of high reflectance
Emitter, sheet metal (14-5) are used as another reflector, fluid sample shape between sealing ring (14-3) and sheet metal (14-5)
At Fabry-Perot resonance, the movement of resonance spectrum is monitored by vector network analyzer (15), it can be by measurement and corresponding
The dielectric constant that fluid sample is calculated.
The microwave signal of vector network analyzer (15) output is by sub-miniature A connector (14-6) input resonator (14), outside
Waveform is formed between conductor (14-1) and inner conductor (14-2), and is relayed along negative y-axis direction, the major part of the microwave signal
It is reflected by gas-liquid interface, is defined as first reflection signal, the fraction of the microwave signal penetrates gas-liquids circle
Face reaches sheet metal (14-5), is defined as first time transmission signal, and most of energy of the first time transmission signal is golden
Belong to piece (14-5) reflection, so that generating multipath reflection and multi interference in resonant cavity (14-4).At gas-liquid interface
The phase delay of primary event signal and first time transmission signal is(formula one), wherein λ and f distinguishes
For the wavelength and frequency of microwave signal, d is inner length of the resonant cavity (14-4) in y-axis direction, εrIt is the absolute of fluid sample
Dielectric constant, c are the lighies velocity in vacuum, and as phase delay of δ=2m π, resonance pattern can be obtained in the reflectance spectrum of frequency domain,
Middle m is integer, referred to as resonant coefficient, and the resonant frequency in reflectance spectrum is(formula two), two in reflectance spectrum
Interval between adjacent minimum is defined as free spectral limit, is expressed as(formula three), when fluid sample
When dielectric constant changes and causes reflectance spectrum mobile, resonant frequency shift is expressed as
(formula four), in such manner, it is possible to determine liquid in resonant cavity (14-4) by monitoring the variation of resonant frequency under conditions of d is fixed
The variation of the dielectric constant of sample, obtains from above-mentioned formula: the measurement sensitivity of the liquid dielectric of resonator (14) isIt is proportional to resonant coefficient m, is inversely proportional to the absolute dielectric constant ε of d and liquidr, useWhat (formula four) measured is the changing value of liquid dielectric, rather than absolute value, such as
Fruit variation is smaller, and the changing value can regard linear as.(formula three) is for measuring liquid dielectric
Absolute value, i.e. holding d is constant, by obtaining free spectral limit from the reflectance spectrum of record.
Pass through(formula two) is it is found that the variation of the resonant cavity as caused by thermally expanding (14-4) length will lead to
The movement of resonant frequency, so as to cause temperature interference, temperature sensitivity isWherein α0It is the temperature of stainless steel
The coefficient of expansion, to obtain, the cross sensitivity of dielectric constant-temperature is 2 εrα0。
The working method of high-voltage switch gear (6) are as follows:
When the voltage between Schottky diode (6-5) anode and cathode is more than its breakdown reverse voltage, two pole of Schottky
The PN junction for managing the interface between (6-5) and metal layer II (6-4) generates evaporative effect, and then plasma is caused to generate and put
Greatly, insulating layer (6-3) has been punctured, so that producing high-voltage arc, the height between metal layer I (6-2) and metal layer II (6-4)
Piezoelectricity arc results in the redistribution of the metal between metal layer I (6-2) and metal layer II (6-4), so that high-voltage switch gear (6)
Closure.
A kind of liquid dielectric measuring device includes high-voltage DC power supply (1), charging resistor (2), charging cable
(3), pulse shaping cable (4), circulation water dispenser (5), high-voltage switch gear (6), power divider (7), attenuator (8), transmission line I
(9), impedance matching circuit (10), oscillograph (11), transmission line II (12), sample cell (13), resonator (14), vector network point
Analyzer (15) and computer (16), high-voltage DC power supply (1) a typical range of from 1.2kV to 2.0kV of output voltage, the height press off
Closing (6) has input terminal and output end, and the power divider (7) has input, output end I and output end II, high straightening
Galvanic electricity source (1), charging resistor (2), charging cable (3), pulse shaping cable (4), high-voltage switch gear (6) and power divider (7)
Input terminal successively cable connection, the output end I of power divider (7) successively cable connection transmission line II (12) and sample cell
(13), the core wire of transmission line II (12) and sample cell (13) casing insulation, sample cell (13) earthing of casing, power divider (7)
Output end II successively cable connection attenuator (8), transmission line I (9), impedance matching circuit (10) and oscillograph (11), resonance
Device (14) is located in sample cell (13)；Pulse shaping cable (4) includes shell (4-1), stainless steel strip (4-2), insulative cylinders (4-
3), water inlet (4-4) and water outlet (4-5), stainless steel strip (4-2) and insulative cylinders (4-3) are respectively positioned in shell (4-1), no
Rust steel bar (4-2) is helically wound around on insulative cylinders (4-3), and the both ends stainless steel strip (4-2) are separately connected charging cable (3) and high pressure
(6) input terminal is switched, shell (4-1) is that cylinder is barrel-shaped, and deionized water is full of between shell (4-1) and insulative cylinders (4-3), is gone
The electric conductivity of ionized water is 0.1uS/cm, and shell (4-1), which has water inlet (4-4) and water outlet (4-5) and is connected to, to follow
Ring water dispenser (5)；High-voltage switch gear (6) includes opening normal film (6-1), metal layer I (6-2), insulating layer (6-3), metal layer II (6-4)
It is described to open normal film (6-1), metal layer I (6-2), insulating layer (6-3) and metal layer II (6-4) with Schottky diode (6-5)
To it is lower and on be sequentially depositing preparation, the anode of Schottky diode (6-5) connects metal layer II (6-4), Schottky diode (6-
5) output end of the input terminal of cathode connection high-voltage switch gear (6), high-voltage switch gear (6) connects metal layer I (6-2), opens normal film
The square that (6-1) is 1 centimetre of side length, insulating layer (6-3) are Parylene material, and metal layer I (6-2) is by micro- with a thickness of 50
The copper of rice at and upper surface be coated with the tungsten with a thickness of 5 microns, metal layer II (6-4) by the copper with a thickness of 35 microns at and
Upper and lower surfaces are coated with a thickness of 5 microns of tungsten, and tungsten can prevent copper from being generated in switching process by high-voltage switch gear (6)
High-temperature electric arc is burnt out；Resonator (14) includes outer conductor (14-1), inner conductor (14-2), sealing ring (14-3), resonant cavity (14-
4), sheet metal (14-5), sub-miniature A connector (14-6), sub-miniature A connector (14-6) coaxial cable connected vector Network Analyzer (15), arrow
Network Analyzer (15) connection computer (16) is measured, outer conductor (14-1) and inner conductor (14-2) are made of stainless steel, lead outside
Body (14-1) is hollow cylinder, and inner conductor (14-2) is cylindrical body, and inner conductor (14-2) is coaxially fixed on outer conductor (14-1)
Interior, outer conductor (14-1) is hermetically connected with sub-miniature A connector (14-6) above, is welded under with sheet metal (14-5), sealing ring
(14-3) is located at the middle position in outer conductor (14-1), and inner conductor (14-2) passes through sealing ring (14-3), sealing ring (14-3)
Upper and lower part will be divided into inside outer conductor (14-1), there is air-tightness, the top is full of sky between the upper and lower part
Resonant cavity (14-4) is formed at gas, the lower part, has a through-hole on the side wall of the lower part, and through-hole is totally immersed into fluid sample
In；Stainless steel strip (4-2) diameter is 2 millimeters, and the diameter of insulative cylinders (4-3) is 40 millimeters, length is 200 millimeters, stainless steel
(it is 15 millimeters that 4-2 is wound in the spiral spacing on insulative cylinders (4-3) to item；The length of shell (4-1) is 300 millimeters, internal diameter is
100 millimeters；Insulating layer (6-3) with a thickness of 12 microns；The length of outer conductor (14-1) is 20 centimetres, internal diameter is 15 millimeters, outer
Diameter is 20 millimeters, and the length of inner conductor (14-2) is 20 centimetres, diameter is 5 millimeters；It is logical on outer conductor (14-1) lower sides
Bore dia is 10 millimeters, and the through-hole top edge is 3 millimeters apart from sealing ring (14-3).
Apparatus of the present invention have the structure of pulse shaping cable combination high-voltage switch gear, to generate voltage pulse and be applied to liquid
Body sample, in addition, using the dielectric constant for measuring liquid based on the resonator of Fabry-Perot resonance principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of liquid dielectric measuring device, including high-voltage DC power supply (1), charging resistor (2), charging cable (3), pulse
Shape cable (4), circulation water dispenser (5), high-voltage switch gear (6), power divider (7), attenuator (8), transmission line I (9), impedance
With circuit (10), oscillograph (11), transmission line II (12), sample cell (13), resonator (14), vector network analyzer (15) and
Computer (16), high-voltage DC power supply (1) a typical range of from 1.2kV to 2.0kV of output voltage, the high-voltage switch gear (6) have
Input terminal and output end, the power divider (7) have input, output end I and output end II, high-voltage DC power supply (1),
Charging resistor (2), charging cable (3), pulse shaping cable (4), high-voltage switch gear (6) and power divider (7) input terminal successively
Cable connection, the output end I of power divider (7) successively cable connection transmission line II (12) and sample cell (13), transmission line II
(12) core wire and sample cell (13) casing insulation, sample cell (13) earthing of casing, the output end II of power divider (7) is successively
Cable connection attenuator (8), transmission line I (9), impedance matching circuit (10) and oscillograph (11), resonator (14) are located at sample
In slot (13),
It is characterized in that: pulse shaping cable (4) includes shell (4-1), stainless steel strip (4-2), insulative cylinders (4-3), water inlet
(4-4) and water outlet (4-5), stainless steel strip (4-2) and insulative cylinders (4-3) are respectively positioned in shell (4-1), stainless steel strip (4-
2) it is helically wound around on insulative cylinders (4-3), the both ends stainless steel strip (4-2) are separately connected charging cable (3) and high-voltage switch gear (6) is defeated
Entering end, shell (4-1) is that cylinder is barrel-shaped, deionized water is full of between shell (4-1) and insulative cylinders (4-3), deionized water
Electric conductivity is 0.1uS/cm, and shell (4-1) has water inlet (4-4) and water outlet (4-5) and is connected to circulation water dispenser
(5)；High-voltage switch gear (6) includes opening normal film (6-1), metal layer I (6-2), insulating layer (6-3), metal layer II (6-4) and Xiao Te
Based diode (6-5), it is described open normal film (6-1), metal layer I (6-2), insulating layer (6-3) and metal layer II (6-4) to lower and
On be sequentially depositing preparation, the anode of Schottky diode (6-5) connects metal layer II (6-4), the yin of Schottky diode (6-5)
Pole connects the input terminal of high-voltage switch gear (6), and the output end of high-voltage switch gear (6) connects metal layer I (6-2), and opening normal film (6-1) is
The square that 1 centimetre of side length, insulating layer (6-3) are Parylene material, and metal layer I (6-2) is by the copper with a thickness of 50 microns
Be made and upper surface be coated with the tungsten with a thickness of 5 microns, metal layer II (6-4) by the copper with a thickness of 35 microns at and upper surface
It is coated with lower surface with a thickness of 5 microns of tungsten, the high-temperature electric that tungsten can prevent copper from being generated in switching process by high-voltage switch gear (6)
Arcing is bad；Resonator (14) includes outer conductor (14-1), inner conductor (14-2), sealing ring (14-3), resonant cavity (14-4), metal
Piece (14-5), sub-miniature A connector (14-6), sub-miniature A connector (14-6) coaxial cable connected vector Network Analyzer (15), vector network point
Analyzer (15) connects computer (16), and outer conductor (14-1) and inner conductor (14-2) are made of stainless steel, outer conductor (14-1)
It is hollow cylinder, inner conductor (14-2) is cylindrical body, and inner conductor (14-2) is coaxially fixed in outer conductor (14-1), outer conductor
(14-1) is hermetically connected with sub-miniature A connector (14-6) above, is welded under with sheet metal (14-5), and sealing ring (14-3) is located at outer
Middle position in conductor (14-1), inner conductor (14-2) pass through sealing ring (14-3), and sealing ring (14-3) is by outer conductor (14-
1) internal to be divided into upper and lower part, there is air-tightness, the top is full of air, the lower part shape between the upper and lower part
At resonant cavity (14-4), there is a through-hole on the side wall of the lower part, through-hole is totally immersed into fluid sample.
2. a kind of liquid dielectric measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: stainless steel strip (4-2) diameter
It is 2 millimeters, the diameter of insulative cylinders (4-3) is 40 millimeters, length is 200 millimeters, and stainless steel strip (4-2) is wound in insulative cylinders
Spiral spacing on (4-3) is 15 millimeters.
3. a kind of liquid dielectric measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the length of shell (4-1) is
300 millimeters, internal diameter be 100 millimeters.
4. a kind of liquid dielectric measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thickness of insulating layer (6-3)
It is 12 microns.
5. a kind of liquid dielectric measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the length of outer conductor (14-1)
For 20 centimetres, internal diameter be 15 millimeters, outer diameter is 20 millimeters, and the length of inner conductor (14-2) is 20 centimetres, diameter is 5 millimeters.
6. a kind of liquid dielectric measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: outer conductor (14-1) lower side
Through-hole diameter on wall is 10 millimeters, and the through-hole top edge is 3 millimeters apart from sealing ring (14-3).
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| CN116660668A (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-08-29 | 中山香山微波科技有限公司 | Radio frequency oscillator, liquid electric parameter detection circuit and SAR test equipment |
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