CN109374864A - Simulate the experimental provision and experimental method of constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure - Google Patents
Simulate the experimental provision and experimental method of constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109374864A CN109374864A CN201811448448.4A CN201811448448A CN109374864A CN 109374864 A CN109374864 A CN 109374864A CN 201811448448 A CN201811448448 A CN 201811448448A CN 109374864 A CN109374864 A CN 109374864A
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- model
- tunnel
- cabinet
- cast material
- drift
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of experimental provision and experimental method for simulating constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure, and device includes the transparent gentle mould of model cabinet, and the reserved Tunnel-hole through cabinet antetheca and rear wall is equipped in the middle part of model cabinet；Gas mould is column, and size is identical as model tunnel, and end is equipped with the air valve for inflation/deflation, and is laterally arranged in model cabinet by reserved Tunnel-hole；Its complementary space is filled with the cast material for closely surrounding the simulation drift-sand stratum of gas mould in model casing body, and the cast material is particulate matter of the cohesive strength of layer dyeing close to zero；The external face of model casing is reserved and sets camera at Tunnel-hole, has for being recorded in the process that cast material changes after gas mould is deflated rapidly.The present invention simulates wind-blown sand tunnel with gas mould, can once realize the excavation in simulation tunnel；Different colors is dyed into cast material layering, it, can accurate, complete analysis model country rock Progressive failure rule with the process of cameras record model country rock Progressive failure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tunnels and underground engineering technical field, a kind of specially simulation constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum is progressive
The experimental provision and experimental method of destruction.
Background technique
Drift-sand refers to that gravel deposits the sand dune to be formed through eolian transportation, and drift-sand engineering characteristic is different from the general soil body,
Its is loosely organized, water penetration is strong, moisture content is low, cohesive strength is small, self-stable ability is poor, particle is mostly host mineral etc., and part is husky
Mound has mobility, and according to similarity law, in the model experiment of simulation drift-sand Progressive failure, the material of selection is in cohesive strength
On it is also smaller than prototype drift-sand, and the cohesive strength of actually drift-sand is close to zero, so the cohesive strength of cast material will be more
Close to zero, thus will appear following point: drift-sand can collapse immediately after excavation, influence the excavation of subsequent face, have
For fear of continuing for experiment.
In addition to this, drift-sand grain diameter is small, and structure loosely, after wind-blown sand tunnel excavates, is disturbed since country rock receives
Dynamic, country rock can quickly collapse according to certain rule, and human eye is unable to complete documentation for fast-changing collapsing process.When
When carrying out model experiment, will also similar problem occur, thus only cannot depict its destructive process by naked eyes.Meanwhile aeolian accumulation
Grains of sand diameter is more concentrated, and its property, ingredient are also similar.And in vertical direction without apparent grain diameter difference, this
It is difficult to sentence the change in location process after drift-sand is subjected to displacement out, with model experiment simulation drift-sand gradual destruction mechanism
In experiment, we are not only it is to be understood that the size of drift-sand shift value, it will also be appreciated that becoming after the variation of drift-sand particle displacement with displacement
Relativeness before change.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of moulds of engineering characteristic that can be used in studying drift-sand
The experimental provision and experimental method of quasi- constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure.Technical solution is as follows:
A kind of experimental provision for simulating constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure, including the transparent gentle mould of model cabinet, institute
State the reserved Tunnel-hole being equipped in the middle part of model cabinet through cabinet antetheca and rear wall；The gas mould is column, size and model tunnel
Road is identical, and end is equipped with the air valve for inflation/deflation, and is laterally arranged in model cabinet by reserved Tunnel-hole；Model cabinet
Its interior complementary space is filled with the cast material for closely surrounding the simulation drift-sand stratum of gas mould, and the cast material is layer dyeing
Particulate matter of the cohesive strength close to zero；The external face of model casing is reserved and sets camera at Tunnel-hole, has for being recorded in gas
The process that cast material changes after mould is deflated rapidly.
Further, the model cabinet includes cabinet steelframe, and four wall of model cabinet is the glass being fixed on cabinet steelframe
Glass plate.
A kind of experimental method for simulating constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: choosing cohesive strength close to zero particulate matter as cast material, and be divided into several pieces, every part is caught not
Same color stands sunning and volatilizees completely to moisture；
Step 2: the cast material after drying being packed into model casing body by color layering and reserves Tunnel-hole position below, and is pressed
It is real；
Step 3: after the inflation of gas mould, being placed in reserved Tunnel-hole；
Step 4: continuing that cast material is packed into model casing body to preset position by color layering；
Step 5: opening air valve, gas mould is deflated；The variation of the cast material by color layering filling is continuously shot with camera simultaneously
Process.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention simulates wind-blown sand tunnel with gas mould, simulation tunnel can be once realized
It excavates, the influence that face caves in or vault roof fall problem excavates subsequent tunnel is presented；Cameras record model is used simultaneously
The process of country rock Progressive failure, such that experimenter is accurate, rule of complete analysis model country rock Progressive failure；Model is enclosed
Rock layers of material dyes different colors, is conducive to the position pass before and after experimenter's intuitive judgment model country rock Progressive failure
System.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the experimental provision of present invention simulation constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure.
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal profile of the experimental provision model cabinet of present invention simulation constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure
Figure.
Fig. 3 is the horizontal section of the experimental provision model cabinet of present invention simulation constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure
Figure.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the experimental provision gas mould of present invention simulation constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure.
In figure: 1- gas mould；2- camera；3- cast material；4- cabinet steelframe；5- air valve；6- glass plate；7- reserves tunnel
Hole.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.Experimental provision of the invention is used for
The engineering characteristic for studying drift-sand will be customized in advance according to tunnel size and be got well and model tunnel phase during model experiment
Gas mould with size can undertake certain pressure from surrounding rock with cycle charge discharge gas, gas mould and have no obvious deformation, while also can be fast
Speed is deflated, for simulating the excavation of tunnel surrounding；Using slr camera, can be taken during model Change in surrounding rocks 8/it is every
The high definition picture of second, the deformation process of country rock is simulated using sequence of pictures energy complete observation；Using coloured dye by model material
Material dyeing, can visually observe out its most obvious, most basic changing rule and model material during model Change in surrounding rocks
Relativeness before and after Change in surrounding rocks occurs for material.
As shown in Figure 1-3, the experimental provision of simulation constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure includes transparent model casing
The gentle mould 1 of body, the model cabinet middle part are equipped with the reserved Tunnel-hole 7 through cabinet antetheca and rear wall；As shown in figure 4, described
Gas mould 1 is column, and size is identical as model tunnel, and end is equipped with the air valve 5 for inflation/deflation, and horizontal by reserved Tunnel-hole 7
To being arranged in model cabinet；Its complementary space is filled with the mould for closely surrounding the simulation drift-sand stratum of gas mould 1 in model casing body
Profile material 3, the cast material 3 are particulate matter of the cohesive strength of layer dyeing close to zero；The external face of model casing is pre-
It stays and sets camera 2 at Tunnel-hole 7, have for being recorded in the process that cast material 3 changes after gas mould 1 is deflated rapidly.Wherein, model casing
Body includes cabinet steelframe 4, and four wall of model cabinet is the glass plate 6 being fixed on cabinet steelframe 4.
Model tunnel is simulated with gas mould, and gas mould inflation/deflation has Air Valve Control, and gas mould tamps design in the layering of model country rock
Inflation is put into when position, and air pressure is not less than earthing weight stress on country rock, to guarantee that it will not occur before model tunnel excavation again
Obvious deformation.When needing tunneling, gas mould is deflated, gas mould can freely become after deflating under the action of model pressure from surrounding rock
Shape does not influence the stress of country rock；Meanwhile camera will be placed in tunnel model front, and regulate acquisition parameters, it can be complete
The overall process that complete record model country rock changes after tunnel excavation, so as to the rule of post analysis model Change in surrounding rocks.
Cast material is done close to zero particulate matter with cohesive strength, simulates drift-sand country rock.Determining country rock model material
After material, country rock is dyed to different colors with ink, sunning is stood after dyeing and is volatilized completely to moisture, to exclude coloring material water
Divide the influence to model country rock material cohesive strength, is then layered again and the material is put into model casing and is compacted to certain density.
Model cabinet is made of fashioned iron and organic glass, in order to the change procedure of experimenter's observing and nursing country rock.It crosses
Cheng Qian's certain distance before model casing installs a camera, during the experiment the change in displacement mistake of whole record cast country rock
Journey.Cast material dyes different colours with dyestuff, and layering inserts model casing and is densified to design density after sunning, and cast material exists
The color selection of adjacent two layers is upper should be convenient for distinguishing, and should stand after being completely filled with country rock and can be tested for a period of time.
Experimentation is as follows:
Step 1: choosing cohesive strength close to zero particulate matter as cast material, and be divided into several pieces, every part is caught not
Same color stands sunning and volatilizees completely to moisture；
Step 2: the cast material after drying being packed into model casing body by color layering and reserves Tunnel-hole position below, and is pressed
It is real；
Step 3: after the inflation of gas mould, being placed in reserved Tunnel-hole；
Step 4: continuing that cast material is packed into model casing body to preset position by color layering；
Step 5: opening air valve, gas mould is deflated；The variation of the cast material by color layering filling is continuously shot with camera simultaneously
Process.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of experimental provision for simulating constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure, which is characterized in that including transparent model
The gentle mould of cabinet (1), the model cabinet middle part are equipped with the reserved Tunnel-hole (7) through cabinet antetheca and rear wall；The gas mould
It (1) is column, size is identical as model tunnel, and end is equipped with the air valve (5) for inflation/deflation, and by reserving Tunnel-hole (7)
Laterally it is arranged in model cabinet；Its complementary space is filled with the simulation drift-sand stratum for closely surrounding gas mould (1) in model casing body
Cast material (3), the cast material (3) is particulate matter of the cohesive strength of layer dyeing close to zero；The model cabinet
Outer face, which is reserved, sets camera (2) at Tunnel-hole (7), have for being recorded in cast material (3) variation after gas mould (1) is deflated rapidly
Process.
2. the experimental provision of simulation constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The model cabinet includes cabinet steelframe (4), and four wall of model cabinet is the glass plate (6) being fixed on cabinet steelframe (4).
3. a kind of take the experiment side for simulating the experimental provision of constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure described in claim 1
Method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: choosing cohesive strength close to zero particulate matter as cast material, and be divided into several pieces, every part is caught not
Same color stands sunning and volatilizees completely to moisture；
Step 2: the cast material after drying being packed into model casing body by color layering and reserves Tunnel-hole position below, and is pressed
It is real；
Step 3: after the inflation of gas mould, being placed in reserved Tunnel-hole；
Step 4: continuing that cast material is packed into model casing body to preset position by color layering；
Step 5: opening air valve, gas mould is deflated；The variation of the cast material by color layering filling is continuously shot with camera simultaneously
Process.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811448448.4A CN109374864A (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2018-11-30 | Simulate the experimental provision and experimental method of constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure |
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| CN201811448448.4A CN109374864A (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2018-11-30 | Simulate the experimental provision and experimental method of constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104568552A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-29 | 山东大学 | Similar material dyeing distinguishing method of visual geomechanical model experiment |
| CN108362864A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-03 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of multifunction combined tunnel excavation similar model test device |
| CN108490152A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-09-04 | 重庆大学 | A kind of transparent soil model experimental rig and its test method of novel analog tunnel excavation |
| CN108648603A (en) * | 2018-05-06 | 2018-10-12 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of air bag-supporting test device of simulation tunnel partial excavation |
| CN209280713U (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-08-20 | 西南交通大学 | Simulate the experimental provision of constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure |
-
2018
- 2018-11-30 CN CN201811448448.4A patent/CN109374864A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104568552A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-29 | 山东大学 | Similar material dyeing distinguishing method of visual geomechanical model experiment |
| CN108490152A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-09-04 | 重庆大学 | A kind of transparent soil model experimental rig and its test method of novel analog tunnel excavation |
| CN108362864A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-03 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of multifunction combined tunnel excavation similar model test device |
| CN108648603A (en) * | 2018-05-06 | 2018-10-12 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of air bag-supporting test device of simulation tunnel partial excavation |
| CN209280713U (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-08-20 | 西南交通大学 | Simulate the experimental provision of constructing tunnel drift-sand stratum Progressive failure |
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