CN109374552B - Water absorption coefficient measuring device based on segmented light path - Google Patents
Water absorption coefficient measuring device based on segmented light path Download PDFInfo
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- CN109374552B CN109374552B CN201811406926.5A CN201811406926A CN109374552B CN 109374552 B CN109374552 B CN 109374552B CN 201811406926 A CN201811406926 A CN 201811406926A CN 109374552 B CN109374552 B CN 109374552B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water absorption coefficient measuring device based on a segmented light path, which comprises a light source unit, a sample cell unit, a detection unit, a sealing unit, a control unit and the like; the light source unit is used for emitting a light source; the sample cell unit comprises a light incidence window, a diaphragm group, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror group and a light collector which are sequentially arranged on an incidence light path; the diaphragm group consists of a plurality of diaphragms, the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror group consists of semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirrors with the same number as the diaphragms, and the diaphragms and the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirrors are distributed alternately in sequence; the detection unit comprises an optical coupler, an optical fiber, an optical switch and a spectrometer; an optical coupler is arranged on a reflection light path of each semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, and each optical coupler is connected with an optical switch, an optical switch and a spectrometer through optical fibers; the light source unit, the optical switch and the spectrometer are all connected with the control unit. Compared with the traditional water body absorption measuring device, the device can detect signals of light on a plurality of absorption lengths, thereby expanding the measurement range of the absorption coefficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean optical water body measurement, in particular to a water body absorption coefficient measuring device based on a segmented light path.
Background
The water absorption coefficient is one of the most basic parameters in the field of ocean optics. Optical systems are used for measuring the absorption coefficient of water, such as a spectrophotometer, Acs, Ac9 and the like. However, spectrophotometers are generally used for laboratory measurement, and Acs, Ac9 and the like have higher detection accuracy in clear water, whereas in turbid water, such as the east sea area, due to the fact that the detection optical path is too long, the light intensity is seriously attenuated, the obtained signal intensity is too weak, and the detection signal-to-noise ratio is lower. Therefore, a water absorption coefficient measuring system which can be used for in-situ detection and can normally work in water with different absorption rates is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the limitation of the traditional absorption measurement system to the range of the water absorption coefficient, the invention provides a water absorption coefficient measurement device based on a segmented light path, which can accurately detect the water absorption coefficient in water with different absorption rates.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a water absorption coefficient measuring device based on a segmented light path comprises a light source unit, a sample cell unit, a detection unit, a sealing unit and a control unit;
the sealing unit comprises a sealing cabin and a water inlet and outlet, wherein the sealing cabin is divided into an instrument cavity and a sample cavity, and the water inlet and outlet is communicated with the sample cavity;
the light source unit is positioned at one end in the instrument cavity and used for emitting a light source;
the sample cell unit is positioned in a sample cavity of the sealing unit and comprises a light incidence window, a diaphragm group, a semi-transmitting and semi-reflecting mirror group and a light collector which are sequentially arranged on an incidence light path; the diaphragm group consists of a plurality of diaphragms, the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror group consists of semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirrors with the same number as the diaphragms, and the diaphragms and the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirrors are distributed alternately in sequence;
the detection unit is positioned in an instrument cavity of the sealing unit and comprises an optical coupler, an optical fiber, an optical switch and a spectrometer; an optical coupler is arranged on a reflection light path of each semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, each optical coupler is connected with an optical switch through an optical fiber, and the optical switch is connected with a spectrometer;
the light source unit, the optical switch and the spectrometer are all connected with the control unit.
Further, the control unit comprises a power supply, a control subsystem, a data processing subsystem and a data storage subsystem; the power supply, the control subsystem, the data processing subsystem and the data storage subsystem are positioned in the instrument cavity; the power supply provides working voltage for the control subsystem, the data processing subsystem, the data storage subsystem, the light source unit, the optical switch and the spectrometer; the data processing subsystem and the data storage subsystem are connected with the spectrometer; the control subsystem controls the on-off of a power supply, the working state of the spectrometer and the optical path selection of the optical switch; the data processing subsystem calculates an absorption coefficient through data obtained by the detection of a spectrometer; the data storage subsystem stores the raw data and the calculated data.
Further, the light source unit includes a light source and a lens, light emitted from the light source is irradiated to the light incident window through the lens, and the power supply supplies power to the light source.
Furthermore, the detection unit also comprises a thermometer, the thermometer is positioned beside the spectrometer and used for detecting the temperature in the cavity of the spectrometer, and the thermometer is connected with the data processing subsystem.
Further, the light source is a wide-spectrum continuous light source, and the spectrum wave band of the light source covers the visible light wave band.
Further, the incidence window is a transparent glass window.
Furthermore, the half-transmitting half-reflecting mirror and the incident light form an included angle of 45 degrees.
Furthermore, one diaphragm and one half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror form one light splitting device group, and the intervals of different light splitting device groups are distributed in a linear or exponential mode.
Further, the instrument cavity is completely waterproof and sealed from the outside.
Furthermore, the sample cavity is communicated with the outside through a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water inlet and the water outlet are exchanged with the outside water body through a water pump.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a water body absorption measuring device, which is internally provided with a plurality of light paths with different distances, thereby expanding the measuring range of absorption coefficients. Compared with the traditional water body absorption measuring device, the device can detect signals of light on a plurality of absorption lengths; in data processing, data with high signal quality can be screened according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection signal to be used for calculating the water absorption coefficient. In actual work, the data processing of an optical path can be selected for a turbid water body, and the data processing of a far optical path can be selected for a clear water body, so that the working range of the system is greatly expanded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water absorption coefficient measuring system;
in the figure: the device comprises a light source unit 1, a sample cell unit 2, a detection unit 3, a sealing unit 4, a control unit 5, a light source 11, a lens 12, a light incidence window 21, a diaphragm group 22, a half-mirror group 23, a light collector 24, an optical coupler 31, an optical fiber 32, an optical switch 33, a spectrometer 34, a thermometer 35, a sealed cabin 41, an inlet/outlet water port 42, an instrument cavity 411, a sample cavity 412, a power supply 51, a control subsystem 52, a data processing subsystem 53, a data storage subsystem 54 and a data interface 55.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a water absorption coefficient measuring device based on a segmented light path, which comprises a light source unit 1, a sample cell unit 2, a detection unit 3, a sealing unit 4 and a control unit 5;
the light source unit 1 comprises a light source 11 and a lens 12;
the sample cell unit 2 comprises a light incidence window 21, a diaphragm group 22, a half-mirror group 23 and a light collector 24;
the detection unit 3 comprises an optical coupler 31, an optical fiber 32, an optical switch 33, a spectrometer 34 and a thermometer 35;
the sealing unit 4 comprises a sealing chamber 41 and a water inlet and outlet 42, wherein the sealing chamber 41 is divided into an instrument cavity 411 and a sample cavity 412;
the control unit 5 comprises a power supply 51, a control subsystem 52, a data processing subsystem 53, a data storage subsystem 54 and a data interface 55;
the light source unit 1 is positioned at one end in the instrument cavity 411 and is used for emitting light sources; the sample cell unit 2 is positioned in the sample cavity 412 of the sealing unit 4, and the light incidence window 21, the diaphragm group 22, the half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror group 23 and the light collector 24 are sequentially arranged on the optical axis of the light source unit 1; the diaphragm group 22 is composed of a plurality of diaphragms, the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror group 23 is composed of semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirrors with the same number as the diaphragms, the diaphragms and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirrors are distributed alternately in sequence, one diaphragm and one semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror form a light splitter group 25, and the intervals of different light splitter groups are distributed in a linear or exponential manner.
The detection unit 3 is positioned in the instrument cavity 411 of the sealing unit 4, an optical coupler 31 is arranged on the reflection light path of each half-mirror, each optical coupler 31 is connected with an optical switch 33 through an optical fiber 32, and the optical switch 33 is connected with a spectrometer 34; the control unit 5 is positioned in the instrument cavity 411 of the sealing unit 4, and the data interface 52 is positioned at the end cover of the instrument cavity 411 and can be connected with a data line or an external memory to export system data.
The light source 11 is a wide-spectrum continuous light source, and the spectrum wave band of the light source covers the visible light wave band; the lens 12 is installed on an optical axis of the light source 11, and condenses light emitted from the light source into parallel light, and the light emitted from the light source 11 is irradiated to the light incident window 21 through the lens 12.
The sample cell unit 2 is positioned in the sample cavity 412, accommodates a sample to be detected, and divides incident light into light beams with different optical paths; the incident window 21 is a transparent glass window, is positioned behind the lens 12 and is vertical to incident light; the diaphragm clear aperture is just positioned on the optical axis; the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror is positioned behind the diaphragm and forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the incident light; the light collector 24 is located at the end of the sample chamber 412 with its light entrance port located in the path of the incident light.
The detector unit 3 is positioned in the instrument cavity 412 and is a light intensity and temperature detecting device, and the optical coupler 31 is positioned on the wall of the sample cavity 412 and at the reflected light emergent position of the half-mirror; an optical fiber 32 connecting the optical coupler 31 and the optical switch 33; the optical switch 33 selects which path of incident light the emergent light is communicated with; the spectrometer 34 is positioned behind the optical switch exit fiber 32 and detects the exit spectrum; a thermometer 35 is located near the spectrometer 34 to detect the temperature in the instrument chamber 411.
The sealing unit 4 provides waterproof sealing for the system and provides sample liquid for the sample cell; the instrument cavity 411 is used for installing the light source unit 1, the detection unit 2 and the control unit 5, and is completely waterproof and sealed with the outside; the sample chamber 412 is used for installing the sample cell unit 2 and is communicated with the outside through the water inlet and outlet 42; the water inlet and outlet 42 is positioned on the side wall of the sample chamber 412 of the sealing unit and is exchanged with the external water body through a water pump.
The control unit 5 comprises a power supply 51, a control subsystem 52, a data processing subsystem 53, a data storage subsystem 54 and a data interface 55; the power supply 51, control subsystem 52, data processing subsystem 53 and data storage subsystem 54 are located within the instrument chamber 412; the power supply 51 supplies electric energy to the light source 11, the optical switch 33, the spectrometer 34, the control subsystem 52, the data processing subsystem 53 and the data storage subsystem 54; the data processing subsystem 53 and the data storage subsystem 54 are both connected with the spectrometer 34, and the thermometer 35 is connected with the data processing subsystem 53; the control subsystem controls 52 the on-off of the power supply 51, the working state of the spectrometer 34 and the optical path selection of the optical switch 33; the data processing subsystem 53 calculates the absorption coefficient by detecting the obtained data by the spectrometer 34; the data storage subsystem 54 stores the raw data and the calculated data; the data interface 55 is located at the end cover of the instrument cavity 411, and can be connected with a data line or an external memory to export system data. The power supply 51 may be a product of Agilent N5742APLC model, but is not limited thereto; the control subsystem 52 may be a model of a 4-way relay available from yuezen electronics, but is not limited thereto; the data processing subsystem 53 may be manufactured by, but not limited to, the Olympic technologies company ARK-3520L-U8A 1E; the data storage subsystem 54 may be, but is not limited to, a product of model MZ-76E250, samsung technologies.
The working process of the device is as follows:
when the system works, the optical switch 33 is sequentially communicated with the emergent optical fiber and different incident optical fibers, and the spectrometer detects the emergent spectrum; the system compensates the influence of temperature through the relation of temperature and spectrometer response, combines absorption and attenuation theorem, and calibrates the value of an absorption parameter through standard sample liquid.
Specifically, light passes through the lens 12 with a light intensity of I0Then according to the temperature compensation, obtaining the corrected light intensity as I0+IT. Since the diaphragm group has the function of blocking scattered light and only allowing light near the optical axis to pass, after the light passes through the first diaphragm, the light intensity is changed into k (I)0+IT) Where k is the absorption coefficient, generated by the diaphragm. Light passing through the first diaphragmBefore reaching the first half mirror, the light intensity value is changed into
Wherein
Representing the attenuation of light by a water body, α is an attenuation coefficient, d1The path travelled by the light is indicated here by the distance between the first diaphragm and the first half mirror. The light passes through the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror to obtain the transmitted light intensity of
The reflected light intensity is equal to the projected light intensity, and the light intensity value is detected by the detection unit 3. Before the light reaches the second diaphragm, the light intensity value is as follows due to attenuation
Wherein d is2Denotes the distance between the first half-mirror and the next diaphragm, d2+d1I.e. the distance D between two adjacent diaphragms. After passing through the second diaphragm, the light intensity value is
By analogy, after the nth diaphragm, the light intensity measured by the detection unit
By utilizing the principle, the data processing subsystem selects proper light intensity data to perform curve fitting and parameter calibration according to a plurality of light intensity data measured by the detector, so that the attenuation parameter α and the absorption parameter k are obtained.
The present invention is illustrated in detail by the examples described above, but the present invention is not limited to the details described above, i.e., it is not intended that the present invention be implemented by relying on the details described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A water absorption coefficient measuring device based on a segmented light path is characterized by comprising a light source unit, a sample cell unit, a detection unit, a sealing unit and a control unit;
the sealing unit comprises a sealing cabin and a water inlet and outlet, wherein the sealing cabin is divided into an instrument cavity and a sample cavity, and the water inlet and outlet is communicated with the sample cavity;
the light source unit is positioned at one end in the instrument cavity and used for emitting a light source;
the sample cell unit is positioned in a sample cavity of the sealing unit and comprises a light incidence window, a diaphragm group, a semi-transmitting and semi-reflecting mirror group and a light collector which are sequentially arranged on an incidence light path; the diaphragm group consists of a plurality of diaphragms, the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror group consists of semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirrors with the same number as the diaphragms, and the diaphragms and the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirrors are distributed alternately in sequence;
the detection unit is positioned in an instrument cavity of the sealing unit and comprises an optical coupler, an optical fiber, an optical switch and a spectrometer; an optical coupler is arranged on a reflection light path of each semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, each optical coupler is connected with an optical switch through an optical fiber, and the optical switch is connected with a spectrometer;
the light source unit, the optical switch and the spectrometer are all connected with the control unit.
2. The device for measuring the water absorption coefficient based on the segmented light path is characterized in that the control unit comprises a power supply, a control subsystem, a data processing subsystem and a data storage subsystem; the power supply, the control subsystem, the data processing subsystem and the data storage subsystem are positioned in the instrument cavity; the power supply provides working voltage for the control subsystem, the data processing subsystem, the data storage subsystem, the light source unit, the optical switch and the spectrometer; the data processing subsystem and the data storage subsystem are connected with the spectrometer; the control subsystem controls the on-off of a power supply, the working state of the spectrometer and the optical path selection of the optical switch; the data processing subsystem calculates an absorption coefficient through data obtained by the detection of a spectrometer; the data storage subsystem stores the raw data and the calculated data.
3. The device for measuring the water absorption coefficient based on the segmented light path as claimed in claim 2, wherein the light source unit comprises a light source and a lens, light emitted by the light source is irradiated to the light incidence window through the lens, and the power supply provides electric energy for the light source.
4. The device for measuring the absorption coefficient of the water body based on the segmented light path as claimed in claim 2, wherein the detection unit further comprises a thermometer, the thermometer is located beside the spectrometer and used for detecting the temperature in the cavity of the spectrometer, and the thermometer is connected with the data processing subsystem.
5. The device for measuring the water absorption coefficient based on the segmented light path as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light source is a wide-spectrum continuous light source, and the spectrum wave band of the light source covers the visible light wave band.
6. The device for measuring the water absorption coefficient based on the segmented light path as claimed in claim 1, wherein the incident window is a transparent glass window.
7. The device for measuring the water absorption coefficient based on the segmented light path as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle between the half-mirror and the incident light is 45 °.
8. The device for measuring the water absorption coefficient based on the segmented light path as claimed in claim 1 or 7, wherein a diaphragm and a half-mirror form a splitter group, and the intervals of different splitter groups are distributed in a linear or exponential manner.
9. The device for measuring the water absorption coefficient based on the segmented light path as claimed in claim 1, wherein the instrument cavity is completely waterproof and sealed from the outside.
10. The device for measuring the water absorption coefficient based on the segmented light path as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sample chamber is communicated with the outside through a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water inlet and the water outlet are exchanged with the outside water body through a water pump.
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| CN111024630A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-04-17 | 大连民族大学 | Portable visible absorption spectrometer |
| CN111272711A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-06-12 | 中国海洋大学 | Water attenuation coefficient in-situ measuring device |
| CN111272683B (en) * | 2020-03-07 | 2022-11-25 | 广东海洋大学 | Liquid absorption coefficient measuring device and measuring method |
| CN113820276B (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2023-04-18 | 煤炭科学研究总院有限公司 | Miniaturized seawater absorption characteristic measuring device with multiple combined channels and mounting structure |
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