CN109374346B - Deep sea box type sampler and sampling method thereof - Google Patents
Deep sea box type sampler and sampling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109374346B CN109374346B CN201811453021.3A CN201811453021A CN109374346B CN 109374346 B CN109374346 B CN 109374346B CN 201811453021 A CN201811453021 A CN 201811453021A CN 109374346 B CN109374346 B CN 109374346B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000251133 Sphyrna tiburo Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/12—Dippers; Dredgers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a deep sea box type sampler with simple structure and good sampling effect and a sampling method thereof. The sampler comprises a balance support frame, a split sampling box, a lifting rod, a cross corner frame, a single-arm bucket and a triggering structure, wherein the lifting rod is sleeved in the cross corner frame, and the cross corner frame is arranged in a support fixing frame at the top of the balance support frame; the split sampling box comprises a weight box and a sampling box, the weight box is detachably connected with the sampling box, a box cover for reducing seawater resistance is arranged on the weight box, the box cover is hinged with the weight box through a hinge, the lower end of the lifting rod is connected with the upper end of the weight box, and the triggering structure is arranged on the lifting rod; the trigger structure has good stability and stability, and the sampling box and the bucket are detachable, so that the analysis of the sample is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a deep sea sampling device, in particular to a deep sea box type sampler and a sampling method thereof.
Background
Subsea sampling is the task of collecting subsea sediment and rock samples with a sampler, a means of conducting marine research work. Examples of tools for sampling include trawl, grab bucket, column sampler, shallow drill on the sea floor, etc. After sampling, the material composition, structure and color of the sample are preliminarily observed and described on the ship in time, simple tests of humidity, plasticity, compressive strength and the like are carried out, pore water extraction is carried out, part of sample numbers are reserved for sealing, and according to the preliminary observation on the ship, a marine substrate sketch can be drawn for indoor research and reference.
The box-type sampler is a sediment sampling device with a sampling tube or a sampling tube in the shape of a square or rectangular box-type sampler. Consists of a pipe frame, a sampling box, a heavy hammer, a closed shovel and the like. When the sampler reaches the sea bottom, the sampling cylinder is inserted into the submarine sediment by the gravity of the heavy hammer, and the closed shovel rotates to cut the sediment at the bottom into the sampling cylinder. Because the section of the sampling tube is larger, sediment disturbance is smaller or basically not disturbed during sampling, and the sampling tube is suitable for taking an undisturbed sample.
The advantage of a single arm bucket is that it reduces disturbances, the tightness is better and the stability is better in the return stroke at the end of the sampling. The common trigger structure is easy to trigger by mistake. The box body and the bucket are detachable, so that the box body and the bucket are convenient to install, replace and maintain, and the detection of the seabed sample in the sampling box is also convenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deep sea box type sampler with simple structure and good sampling effect.
The invention also aims to provide a sampling method of the deep sea box type sampler.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical solution of the invention is to provide a deep sea box type sampler, which comprises a balance support frame, a split sampling box, a lifting rod, a cross corner frame, a single-arm bucket and a triggering structure, wherein the lifting rod is sleeved in the cross corner frame, and the cross corner frame is arranged in a support fixing frame at the top of the balance support frame; the split sampling box comprises a weight box and a sampling box, the weight box is detachably connected with the sampling box, a box cover for reducing seawater resistance is arranged on the weight box, and the box cover is hinged with the weight box through a hinge; the lower end of the lifting rod is connected with the upper end of the weight box; the triggering structure is arranged on the lifting rod;
The single-arm bucket is connected with the split sampling box through a bucket rotating shaft; the single-arm bucket can freely rotate by taking the bucket rotating shaft as the circle center, and the bottom of the sampling box can be sealed by the single-arm bucket;
The upper end part of the lifting rod is provided with a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate which are vertically symmetrical, and a limit groove which is horizontally arranged is arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate;
the triggering structure comprises a connecting rod, a lifting hook connected with the traction rope, a positioning block for positioning the lifting hook, a first fixed pulley, an elastic rope, a limiting sleeve, a connecting ring for connecting the elastic rope and a rotating pin; the lifting hook sockets are symmetrically arranged on the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, the limiting grooves are provided with notches which correspond to the lifting hook sockets and are used for inserting lifting hooks, and the lifting hooks can be freely inserted into the lifting hook sockets of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate; the lifting hook is provided with a lifting hook through hole; the positioning block is arranged in the limiting groove and can slide freely along the limiting groove, when the lifting hook is positioned in the lifting hook socket, the lifting hook through hole is coincident with the axis of the positioning block, and the positioning block can penetrate through the lifting hook through hole; the limiting groove is provided with a connecting rod through hole for inserting the connecting rod;
The connecting rod is limited on one side surface of the lifting rod through at least two limiting sleeves, is vertically arranged and can freely move in the limiting sleeves; the bottom end of the connecting rod is hinged with one end of the rotating pin, and the axial lead of the connecting rod is overlapped with the axial lead of the connecting rod through hole; the middle part of the rotating pin is arranged on the wall surface of the lifting rod through a rotating pin rotating shaft, and the rotating pin can rotate along the wall surface of the lifting rod through the rotating pin rotating shaft; the first fixed pulley and the connecting ring are both arranged on the lifting rod; the positioning block, the first fixed pulley and the connecting ring are connected through the elastic rope, and the positioning block slides along the limiting groove under the tensile force of the elastic rope; the rotating pin rotates to drive the top end of the connecting rod to be separated from or inserted into the connecting rod of the limit groove, when the top end of the connecting rod is separated from the connecting rod through hole of the limit groove, the positioning block slides along the limit groove to be separated from the lifting hook through hole under the tensile force of the elastic rope, so that the limit of the lifting hook is released;
A second fixed pulley is arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, the second fixed pulley is positioned below the lifting hook and has a certain horizontal distance with the lifting hook, and the second fixed pulley is positioned at one side close to the end part of the arm of the single-arm bucket; the arm end part of the single-arm bucket, the second fixed pulley and the lower end of the lifting hook are sequentially connected through ropes, and the lifting hook can be pulled to drive the single-arm bucket to rotate around the bucket rotating shaft.
Further, a sampling box side wall of the sampling box is detachable. This allows a fault or section of the sample to be observed by removing the sampling box side walls of the sampling box.
Further, one end of the limiting groove, which is far away from the lifting hook socket, is provided with a limiting block for preventing the positioning block from sliding out of the limiting groove.
Further, a waist hole is formed in the single-arm bucket, the bucket rotating shaft penetrates through the waist hole, and the diameter of the bucket rotating shaft is smaller than the width of the waist hole. Therefore, when the single arm is lifted, the bucket rotating shaft can move to the lowest end of the waist hole, further sealing of the bucket and the sampling box is achieved, and the diameter of the bucket rotating shaft is slightly smaller than the width of the waist hole.
Further, the single-arm bucket comprises a shovel arm and a bucket, wherein the shovel arm is detachably connected with the bucket; and an included angle between a straight line from the center point of the waist hole to the center point of the end part of the shovel arm and the center point of the waist hole to the center point of the bucket is an obtuse angle. This allows the bucket to be completely closed with the sampling tank.
Further, a counterweight is arranged at one end of the shovel arm far away from the bucket. Therefore, when the single-arm bucket is in an open state, balance can be kept, and sampling failure caused by false closing of the bucket is prevented.
Further, the rotating pin is L-shaped, one side is right-angled, and the other side is arc-shaped. One end of the rotating pin is arc-shaped, which is more beneficial to the rotation of the rotating pin.
Further, the locating piece is cylindrical or cuboid, be equipped with on the mounting panel of No. one with spacing groove parallel rectangular shape opening, be equipped with the handle on the locating piece, the handle stretches out rectangular shape opening, can make the locating piece remove in the spacing groove through pulling the handle. The handle is convenient for restoring the positioning block to the original position, and the triggering structure is restored. The limit groove corresponds to the positioning block; when the positioning block is cylindrical, the cross section of the limiting groove is cylindrical, and the positioning block slides in the limiting groove more easily; when the locating block is cuboid, the cross section of the limiting groove is square.
Furthermore, the deep sea box type sampler is also provided with zinc sheets for reducing electrochemical corrosion of the sampler.
A sampling method of a deep sea box sampler, comprising the following steps:
(1) The bucket is in an open state;
(2) Hoisting the sampler to the seabed through a traction rope by utilizing a winch system on a scientific investigation ship;
(3) When the sampler reaches the seabed, the balance support frame is firstly contacted with the seabed and continuously moves downwards under the action of the dead weight of the split sampling box;
(4) The sampling box of the split sampling box is inserted into the seabed substrate under the gravity of the loading box;
(5) In the downward movement process of the split sampling box, the lifting rod also moves downwards in the cross corner frame, when the rotating pin on the lifting rod touches the cross corner frame, the rotating pin rotates, the connecting rod is driven to move downwards to be separated from the connecting rod through hole, and the positioning block slides along the limiting groove to be separated from the lifting hook through hole under the tensile force of the elastic rope;
(6) The speed of inserting the sampling box of the deep sea box type sampler into the seabed substrate is gradually reduced until the sampling box stops;
(7) The deep sea box sampler is recovered upwards by utilizing a winch system on a scientific investigation ship, the pulling rope pulls the lifting hook to move upwards, the lifting hook is separated from the lifting hook jack and moves upwards continuously, the single-arm bucket is driven to rotate, and the bottom of the single-arm bucket and the bottom of the sampling box are closed, so that the sampling of the sampling box is realized.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The bucket and the box body are detachable, so that the detection of a sample is facilitated;
(2) One side surface of the box body can be detached, so that a cross section layer or a section layer of the sample can be conveniently observed;
(3) The triggering structure is stable, and is not easy to be triggered by mistake.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sampler in a completed sampling configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is another view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the sampler in the down process in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is another view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a cross corner bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic front view of a cross corner bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 6.
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of B-B in fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a single arm bucket in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic elevational view of a single arm bucket in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic top view of a single arm bucket in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a trigger structure in a locked state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a trigger structure in an unlocked state in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a card in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of a card in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of a sample box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a schematic side view of a sample box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: balance support frame 1, lifting lever 2, mounting plate number one 21, lifting hook insertion opening 211, mounting plate number two 22, single arm bucket 3, bucket 31, bucket arm 32, counterweight 33, waist hole 34, cross beam 35, clip bar 36, fourth section 37, third section 38, second section 39, first section 310, v-bracket 311, hanging ring 312, cross plate 313, split sample case 4, weight case 41, case lid 411, sample case 42, sample case side wall 421, lead block 43, lifting lever lock pin 5, cross corner frame 6, bucket spindle 7, connecting rod 81, connecting rod through hole 811, rotation pin 82, limit sleeve 83, lifting hook 84, lifting hook through hole 841, limit groove 85, locating piece 86, fixed pulley number one 87, limit block 88, clip 9, bayonet 91, protruding strip 10.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc. refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, which is merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It will be understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as referring to "at least one" or "one or more," i.e., in one embodiment, the number of elements may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of elements may be plural, and the term "a" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the deep sea box sampler includes a balance support frame 1, a handle lock pin 5, a handle 2, a cross angle bracket 6, a bucket 31, a split sampling box 4, and a trigger structure. The lifting rod 2 is sleeved in the cross corner frame 6, and the cross corner frame 6 is arranged in a bracket fixing frame at the top of the balance supporting frame 1. The split sampling tank 4 includes a weight tank 41 and a sampling tank 42, and the weight tank 41 is detachably connected with the sampling tank 42. The lower end of the lifting rod 2 is connected with the upper end of the weight box 41.
The balance support frame 1 comprises a bottom pipe with an opening at one side, a support fixing frame, two first branch pipes and a second branch pipe; the two first branch pipes are uniformly distributed at the opening of the bottom pipe, and two ends of the first branch pipe are respectively connected with one corner of the bottom pipe and one corner of the bracket fixing frame; two corners of the same side of the bracket fixing frame of the two branch pipes I are connected; one end of the second branch pipe is fixed at the middle position of one side, far away from the first branch pipe, of the support fixing frame, two second branch pipe branches are arranged at the other end of the second branch pipe, and the two second branch pipe branches are uniformly distributed and connected to one side, far away from the opening, of the bottom pipe.
The lifting rod 2 is provided with two lifting rod lock pin through holes which are horizontally arranged, the lifting rod lock pin 5 is arranged in the lifting rod lock pin through holes, the lifting rod lock pin 5 enables the lifting rod 2 to be axially positioned relative to the cross angle changing frame 6, and when the lifting rod lock pin 5 is pulled out, the lifting rod 2 can freely move up and down in the cross angle changing frame 6.
Referring to fig. 5 to 8, the cross corner changing frame 6 includes a corner changing frame outer frame and a corner changing frame inner frame, the corner changing frame inner frame is installed in the corner changing frame outer frame through a pin shaft, and the corner changing frame inner frame can swing around the pin shaft, so that the swing of the lifting rod 2 is realized, the balance of the sampler can be maintained, and the sampler is prevented from tipping over.
The bottom of the load box 41 is opened, and the load box 41 comprises a box top, two side plates arranged in a flat line manner and a mounting plate arranged in parallel. The two side plates are symmetrically provided with shaft holes for installing the single-arm bucket 3. Two opposite-open box covers 411 are arranged between the two mounting plates and the top plate, one box cover 411 is hinged with the mounting plates, and the other box cover 411 is hinged with the top plate. When the sampler moves towards the seabed, the water flows towards the sampling box, and the box cover 411 can be opened under the impact of the water flow to reduce the resistance; when the sampler finishes sampling and moves towards the sea surface under the action of the traction rope, the case cover is in a closed state under the gravity and the water flow impact force, so that the resistance is reduced, and the sample in the sampling case is prevented from being washed and diluted by seawater.
The lower end of the lifting rod 2 is connected with the box top of the load box 41, and the lifting rod 2 is perpendicular to the load box 41. Four lead fixing rods are further arranged on the top of the box, the four lead fixing rods are symmetrically distributed at two ends of the top plate in pairs, and the lead fixing rods are used for sleeving lead blocks 43. The upper end of the lifting rod 2 is provided with two parallel and vertical first mounting plates 21 and second mounting plates.
Referring to fig. 12 to 13, the lifting lever 2 is provided with a triggering structure including a limit groove 85, a link 81, a lifting hook 84 connected with a traction rope, a positioning block 86 for positioning the lifting hook 84, a first fixed pulley 87, an elastic rope (or rubber band), a limit sleeve 83, a limit block 88 for preventing the positioning block 86 from sliding out of the limit groove 85, a connection ring for connecting the elastic rope, and a rotation pin 82. The limit groove 85 is horizontally arranged between the first mounting plate 21 and the second mounting plate. The connecting rod 81 is limited on one side surface of the lifting rod 2 through at least two limiting sleeves 83, the connecting rod 81 is vertically arranged, and the limiting sleeves 83 can freely move. The bottom end of the connecting rod 81 is hinged with one end of the rotating pin 82, the middle part of the rotating pin 82 is installed on the wall surface of the lifting rod 2 through a rotating pin rotating shaft, and the rotating pin 82 can rotate along the wall surface of the lifting rod 2 through the rotating pin rotating shaft. The rotation pin 82 has an L-shape, one side being a right angle and the other side being an arc. When the straight edge of the rotation pin 82 is at the horizontal level, the other end of the rotation pin 82 is away from the lifting lever; when the rotation pin 82 rotates, i.e., the straight edge of the rotation pin 82 is not in the horizontal position, the other end of the rotation pin 82 is located within the outer surface of the lifting lever. The positioning block 86 is cylindrical, a side wall (i.e. the first mounting plate 21) of the limiting groove 85 is provided with a strip-shaped opening, the positioning block 86 is provided with a handle, the handle extends out of the strip-shaped opening, and the positioning block 86 can be moved in the limiting groove 85 by pulling the handle. The first fixed pulley 87 and the connecting ring are arranged on the first mounting plate 21, and the handle, the first fixed pulley and the connecting ring are positioned on the same plane and are connected through an elastic rope. The first mounting plate 21 and the second mounting plate are symmetrically provided with lifting hook insertion holes 211, and the lifting hooks 84 are inserted into the lifting hook insertion holes 211 of the first mounting plate 21 and the second mounting plate; the lifting hook 84 is provided with a lifting hook through hole 841, and the diameter of the lifting hook through hole 841 is larger than that of the positioning block 86. When the lifting hook 84 is positioned in the lifting hook inserting opening 211, the axes of the lifting hook 84, the positioning block 86 and the limiting groove 85 are overlapped.
The working process of the triggering structure is as follows:
When the straight edge of the rotation pin 82 is in a horizontal state, the upper end of the connecting rod 81 is positioned in the connecting rod through hole 811 in the limit groove 85, the positioning block 86 is limited between the connecting rod 81 and the lifting hook 84, and one end of the positioning block 86 is positioned in the lifting hook through hole 841; when the rotating pin 82 receives the external force, the rotating pin 82 rotates, the straight edge of the rotating pin 82 rotates downwards to drive the connecting rod 81 to move downwards, at this time, the upper end part of the connecting rod 81 is separated from the connecting rod through hole 811 in the limit groove 85, the positioning block 86 moves away from the lifting hook through hole 841 under the tension of the elastic rope, and after the positioning block 86 is separated from the lifting hook through hole 841, the lifting hook 84 can move freely under the action of the traction rope.
The cross section of the sampling box 42 is square, and the top and bottom of the sampling box 42 are both open. The top of the sampling tank 42 mates with the bottom of the load tank 41. The sampling box 42 includes two parallel-arranged first side plates and two parallel-arranged second side plates, the two first side plates are arranged on two side surfaces close to the box cover, and the two second side plates are perpendicular to the first side plates. The first side plate is square, and the bottom edge of the second side plate is arc-shaped. The side plates are welded to each other to form a whole, and the other side plate is the side wall 421 of the sampling box and is detachably connected with the two side plates. The sampling box side wall 421 is fixedly connected with the two second side plates through bolts, and the disassembly of the sampling box side wall 421 is realized by unscrewing the bolts; or two second side plates are provided with clamping grooves, the side wall 421 of the sampling box is clamped in the clamping grooves, the side wall 421 of the sampling box can be removed from the clamping grooves in a sliding manner, and the side wall 421 of the sampling box is detached.
Referring to fig. 14 to 17, the top of the sampling box 42 is detachably connected with the bottom of the loading box 41 through two clamping plates 9, convex strips 10 clamped with the clamping plates 9 are symmetrically arranged on a pair of side wall surfaces of the sampling box 42, and bayonets 91 corresponding to the convex strips 10 are arranged on the clamping plates 9; aligning the top of the sampling box 42 with the bottom of the load box 41, clamping the clamping plate 9 on the convex strips 10, and fastening the clamping plate 9 on the load box 41 by bolts; when the sampling box 42 and the loading box 41 are required to be separated, the bolts on the clamping plate 9 are removed, and the clamping plate 9 is removed. The shape of the bayonet 91 on the card 9 is the same as the shape of the convex strip 10, and in this embodiment, the cross section of the convex strip 10 is triangular, and the cross section of the bayonet 91 is also triangular.
Referring to fig. 9 to 11, the single-arm bucket 3 includes a bucket 31 and a shovel arm 32, and the shovel arm 32 is detachably connected to the bucket 31.
The bucket 31 comprises a circular arc-shaped bucket body and a bucket head, and the bucket head is welded with the bucket body. The one end that the shovel body kept away from the shovel head is equipped with spacing, prevents that the shovel body from rotating the other end of sampling box from one side of sampling box, spacing's length is the same with the width of the shovel body. The radian of the shovel body is the same as the radian of the second side plate of the sampling box 42, and a rubber layer is arranged on the upper surface of the shovel body, so that the shovel body can seal the sampling box 42 better. The shovel head is kept away from one end of the shovel body to the other end, and the thickness of the shovel head is gradually increased until the thickness of the shovel head is the same as or slightly greater than that of the shovel body. Two symmetrical V-shaped brackets 311 are arranged on two side plates of the shovel body, and the V-shaped brackets 311 are connected with the shovel body and are arranged between the shovel head and the limiting strips. The front end of the V-shaped bracket 311 is provided with a cross beam 35, the cross beam 35 is perpendicular to the axis of the shovel body, and two ends of the cross beam 35 are provided with through holes.
The shovel arm 32 comprises two symmetrically arranged arm bodies, the arm bodies are formed by sequentially welding or integrally forming a first section 310, a second section 39, a third section 38 and a fourth section 37, the two first sections 310 are mutually parallel, the two second sections 39 form a trapezoid, the two third sections 38 are mutually parallel, the two fourth sections 37 are mutually parallel, the distance between the two first sections 310 is smaller than the distance between the two third sections 38, and the distance between the two third sections 38 is equal to the distance between the two fourth sections 37. The distance between the two fourth sections 37 is slightly greater than the width of the sampling box 42. The angle between the axis of the fourth section 37 and the axis of the third section 38 is acute. The connection of the third section 38 and the fourth section 37 is provided with a waist hole 34. The end of the fourth section 37 far away from the third section 38 is T-shaped, and the T-shaped end of the fourth section 37 is detachably connected with the cross beam 35 on the bucket. The through hole on the beam 35 is provided with a clamping strip 36, and one end of the clamping strip 36 is arranged on the through hole of the beam 35 and can freely rotate around the beam 35. When the T-shaped end part of the fourth section 37 is in butt joint with the cross beam 35, the clamping strips 36 at the two ends of the cross beam 35 are rotated, so that the clamping strips 36 are perpendicular to the cross beam 35, then screws at the end parts of the clamping strips 36 are screwed in, and the T-shaped end part of the fourth section 37 is fixedly connected with the cross beam 35 by the clamping strips 36; when the bucket 31 needs to be detached, only the bolts of the clamping bars 36 need to be loosened. The T-shaped end of the fourth section 37 is provided with a chamfer to allow the clip 36 to better secure the arm 32 to the bucket 31.
A transverse plate 313 is arranged between the two first sections 310, a hanging ring 312 for fixing the traction rope is arranged in the middle of the transverse plate 313, and a lead block 33 is arranged on the side edge of the transverse plate 313, so that the single-arm bucket 3 can be in a balanced state.
The outer surface of the mounting plate on the load box 41 is provided with a bucket rotating shaft 7, and the bucket rotating shaft 7 is positioned at the center of the circular arc at the bottom of the second side plate. The single-arm bucket 3 is rotatably connected with the weight box 41 through the bucket rotating shaft 7, and the waist hole 34 on the bucket arm 42 is connected with the bucket rotating shaft 7. The single-arm bucket 3 can freely rotate around the bucket rotating shaft 7, and the bucket 31 can seal the bottom of the sampling box 42.
A second fixed pulley is installed between the first mounting plate 21 and the second mounting plate, the second fixed pulley is located below the lifting hook 84 and has a certain horizontal distance with the lifting hook 84, and the second fixed pulley is located on one side close to the end of the shovel arm. The hanging ring 312 at the end of the shovel arm, the second fixed pulley and the lower end of the lifting hook 84 are connected by ropes in sequence, and the hanging ring, the second fixed pulley and the lifting hook are positioned on the same plane.
The sampler is also provided with zinc sheets, so that electrochemical corrosion of the sampler is reduced.
The sampling method by using the deep sea sampler comprises the following specific operation steps:
(1) The single-arm bucket 3 is in an open state;
(2) Lifting the sampler to the sea floor by using a winch system on a scientific investigation ship through a traction rope, and pulling out a lifting rod lock pin 5 in a lifting rod lock pin through hole when the sampler is lifted;
(3) When the sampler reaches the sea floor, the balance support 1 firstly contacts the sea floor and continuously moves downwards under the action of the dead weight of the split sampling box 4; when the topography of the seabed surface is uneven, the angle of the sampling box 42 inserted into the seabed is automatically adjusted by the cross angle-changing frame 6 on the sampler, so that the angle of the sampling box 42 inserted into the seabed is ensured to be in the same direction as the gravity acceleration direction, and the situation that the sampler is turned over due to the uneven topography of the seabed surface is effectively avoided;
(4) The sampling box is inserted into the seabed substrate (sediment, soft mud and the like) under the action of the gravity of the lead block on the weight box;
(5) When the sampling box 42 moves downwards, the lifting rod 2 moves downwards along with the sampling box 42, when the rotating pin 82 on the lifting rod 2 touches the cross corner frame 6, the rotating pin 82 rotates, the rotation of the rotating pin 82 triggers the trigger structure, the connecting rod 81 moves downwards, and the positioning block 86 is separated from the lifting hook through hole 841 under the action of the elastic rope;
(6) The speed of insertion of the sampling tank 42 of the deep sea tank sampler into the seabed substrate will gradually decrease until it stops;
(7) By utilizing a winch system on a scientific investigation ship, pulling a pulling rope, and enabling the lifting hook 84 to be separated from the lifting hook inserting opening 211 under the action of the pulling rope, the rope at the lower end of the lifting hook 84 moves upwards along with the lifting hook 84 to drive the single-arm bucket 3 to rotate, so that the single-arm bucket 3 and the bottom of the sampling box 42 are closed, and the sampling of the sampling box 42 is realized;
(8) When the sampler is recovered, due to the gravity effect of the sampling box, the bucket rotating shaft 7 is positioned at the bottommost edge of the waist hole 34, so that the bucket 31 and the sampling box 42 are better sealed;
(9) After the sampler is recovered to the scientific investigation deck, the lifting rod lock pin 5 is inserted into the lifting rod lock pin through hole; preventing the lifting rod 2 from moving up and down;
(10) Releasing the clip 36 to disengage the bucket 31 from the arm 32; removing the connection between the sampling tank 42 and the load tank 41 so that the sampling tank 42 is separated from the load tank 41;
(11) The bucket 31 is transported with the sampling box 42 to a laboratory of a scientific research ship for testing and analysis of the sample.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any person who can obtain other various products under the teaching of the present application can make any changes in shape or structure, and all the technical solutions that are the same or similar to the present application fall within the scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A deep sea box sampler, characterized in that: the device comprises a balance support frame (1), a split sampling box (4), a lifting rod (2), a cross corner frame (6), a single-arm bucket (3) and a triggering structure, wherein the lifting rod is sleeved in the cross corner frame, and the cross corner frame is arranged in a support fixing frame at the top of the balance support frame; the split sampling box comprises a weight box (41) and a sampling box (42), wherein the weight box is detachably connected with the sampling box, a box cover (411) for reducing seawater resistance is arranged on the weight box, and the box cover is hinged with the weight box through a hinge;
The lower end of the lifting rod is connected with the upper end of the weight box; the triggering structure is arranged on the lifting rod;
The single-arm bucket is connected with the split sampling box through a bucket rotating shaft (7); the single-arm bucket can freely rotate by taking the bucket rotating shaft as the circle center, and the bottom of the sampling box can be sealed by the single-arm bucket;
The upper end part of the lifting rod is provided with a first mounting plate (21) and a second mounting plate which are vertically symmetrical, and a limit groove (85) which is horizontally arranged is arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate;
The triggering structure comprises a connecting rod (81), a lifting hook (84) connected with the traction rope, a positioning block (86) for positioning the lifting hook, a first fixed pulley (87), an elastic rope, a limiting sleeve (83), a connecting ring for connecting the elastic rope and a rotating pin (82); the lifting hook sockets (211) are symmetrically arranged on the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, notches which correspond to the lifting hook sockets and are used for inserting lifting hooks are arranged on the limiting grooves, and the lifting hooks can be freely inserted into the lifting hook sockets of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate; the lifting hook is provided with a lifting hook through hole (841); the positioning block is arranged in the limiting groove and can freely slide along the limiting groove, when the lifting hook is positioned in the lifting hook socket, the lifting hook through hole is overlapped with the axis of the positioning block, the positioning block can penetrate through the lifting hook through hole, the positioning block is provided with a handle, the handle extends out of the strip-shaped opening, and the positioning block can be moved in the limiting groove by pulling the handle; the first fixed pulley and the connecting ring are arranged on the first mounting plate, and the handle, the first fixed pulley and the connecting ring are positioned on the same plane and are connected through an elastic rope;
the limit groove is provided with a connecting rod through hole (811) for inserting the connecting rod;
The connecting rod is limited on one side surface of the lifting rod through at least two limiting sleeves, the lifting rod is vertically arranged, and the limiting sleeves can move freely; the bottom end of the connecting rod is hinged with one end of the rotating pin, and the axial lead of the connecting rod is overlapped with the axial lead of the connecting rod through hole; the middle part of the rotating pin is arranged on the wall surface of the lifting rod through a rotating pin rotating shaft, and the rotating pin can rotate along the wall surface of the lifting rod through the rotating pin rotating shaft; the first fixed pulley and the connecting ring are both arranged on the lifting rod; the positioning block, the first fixed pulley and the connecting ring are connected through the elastic rope, and the positioning block slides along the limiting groove under the tensile force of the elastic rope;
the rotating pin rotates to drive the top end of the connecting rod to be separated from or inserted into the connecting rod of the limit groove, when the top end of the connecting rod is separated from the connecting rod through hole of the limit groove, the positioning block slides along the limit groove to be separated from the lifting hook through hole under the tensile force of the elastic rope, so that the limit of the lifting hook is released;
A second fixed pulley is arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, the second fixed pulley is positioned below the lifting hook and has a certain horizontal distance with the lifting hook, and the second fixed pulley is positioned at one side close to the end part of the arm of the single-arm bucket; the arm end part of the single-arm bucket, the second fixed pulley and the lower end of the lifting hook are sequentially connected through ropes, and the lifting hook can be pulled to drive the single-arm bucket to rotate around the bucket rotating shaft.
2. The deep sea box sampler of claim 1 wherein: a sampling box side wall of the sampling box is detachable.
3. The deep sea box sampler of claim 2 wherein: one end of the limiting groove, which is far away from the lifting hook jack, is provided with a limiting block (88) for preventing the positioning block from sliding out of the limiting groove.
4. The deep sea box sampler of claim 2 wherein: the single-arm bucket is provided with a waist hole (34), the bucket rotating shaft penetrates through the waist hole, and the diameter of the bucket rotating shaft is smaller than the width of the waist hole.
5. The deep sea chest sampler of claim 4 wherein: the single-arm bucket comprises a shovel arm (32) and a bucket (31), wherein the shovel arm is detachably connected with the bucket; and an included angle between a straight line from the center point of the waist hole to the center point of the end part of the shovel arm and the center point of the waist hole to the center point of the bucket is an obtuse angle.
6. The deep sea chest sampler of claim 5 wherein: and one end of the shovel arm, which is far away from the bucket, is provided with a counterweight (33).
7. The deep sea box sampler of claim 2 wherein: the rotating pin is L-shaped, one side is right-angled, and the other side is arc-shaped.
8. The deep sea box sampler of claim 2 wherein: the deep sea box sampler is also provided with zinc sheets for reducing electrochemical corrosion of the sampler.
9. The sampling method of a deep sea chest sampler according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
(1) The bucket is in an open state;
(2) Hoisting the sampler to the seabed through a traction rope by utilizing a winch system on a scientific investigation ship;
(3) When the sampler reaches the seabed, the balance support frame is firstly contacted with the seabed and continuously moves downwards under the action of the dead weight of the split sampling box;
(4) The sampling box of the split sampling box is inserted into the seabed substrate under the gravity of the loading box;
(5) In the downward movement process of the split sampling box, the lifting rod also moves downwards in the cross corner frame, when the rotating pin on the lifting rod touches the cross corner frame, the rotating pin rotates, the connecting rod is driven to move downwards to be separated from the connecting rod through hole, and the positioning block slides along the limiting groove to be separated from the lifting hook through hole under the tensile force of the elastic rope;
(6) The speed of inserting the sampling box of the deep sea box type sampler into the seabed substrate is gradually reduced until the sampling box stops;
(7) The deep sea box sampler is recovered upwards by utilizing a winch system on a scientific investigation ship, the pulling rope pulls the lifting hook to move upwards, the lifting hook is separated from the lifting hook jack and moves upwards continuously, the single-arm bucket is driven to rotate, and the bottom of the single-arm bucket and the bottom of the sampling box are closed, so that the sampling of the sampling box is realized.
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Families Citing this family (5)
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| CN110095314B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2021-08-03 | 国家深海基地管理中心 | Visual box sampler of hard substrate |
| KR102410605B1 (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-06-16 | 한국해양과학기술원 | Apparatus for collecting surface sediment |
| CN113049303B (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-12-21 | 上海探实生物科技有限公司 | Polypeptide solution detects uses quick sampling device with prevent empting function |
| CN113465971A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-01 | 胡华军 | Sucker three-dimensional sampling device for sampling submarine sediments |
| CN113532931A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-22 | 天津海银盛船务工程有限公司 | Deep sea rocker arm sampler |
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