CN109372602B - Steam coupling system and method for biomass incinerator and coal-fired unit - Google Patents
Steam coupling system and method for biomass incinerator and coal-fired unit Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a system and a method for coupling steam of a biomass incinerator and a coal-fired unit, namely a plurality of branch pipelines are additionally arranged on a steam outlet pipeline of an existing waste heat boiler, and steam is regulated to enter different sections of a primary steam extraction pipeline and a high-pressure cylinder steam extraction pipeline respectively through different branch pipelines according to the steam quantity generated by the waste heat boiler. When the steam quantity is smaller, the steam enters a first-stage steam extraction pipeline behind a steam extraction check valve to replace the original No. 1 high-pressure heater for steam extraction; when the steam quantity is increased and the steam cannot be completely consumed by the steam extraction of the No. 1 high-pressure heater, redundant steam enters a first-stage steam extraction pipeline in front of the steam extraction check valve through the steam supplementing valve and returns to a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine of the coal-fired unit to do work and generate electricity; when the steam quantity continues to increase, and the combination of the steam extraction of the high-pressure heater of the No. 1 and the work of the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine entering the coal-fired unit cannot completely consume the steam, the redundant steam is coupled with the steam exhaust in the steam exhaust pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder through the temperature and pressure reducer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a system and a method for steam coupling of a biomass incinerator and a coal-fired unit.
Background
As social population increases, industry and agriculture evolve, and household garbage, industrial and agricultural garbage are also increasing. At present, the garbage disposal method mainly comprises various methods such as landfill, composting, incineration and the like, but the harmless and recycling disposal of garbage is a target of human garbage disposal. Incineration is one of the important means for harmless treatment of garbage, and has the advantages of short treatment time, remarkable reduction, thorough harmless treatment, recoverable garbage incineration waste heat and the like compared with other garbage treatment modes, and is widely applied to countries of the world.
As an agricultural large country, there are crop stalks, such as corn stalks, soybean stalks, etc., from rural areas in addition to domestic garbage mainly originating from cities. Composting such agricultural waste is not only a large area but also requires a long time, so incineration is the best way to dispose of such waste. But the field incineration not only causes environmental pollution, but also directly wastes heat generated by combustion. The biomass incinerator and the coal-fired unit are coupled to generate electricity, so that social management problems such as straw field incineration and the like can be solved, and the biomass incinerator and coal-fired unit are effective means for improving biomass energy utilization efficiency and reducing pollution emission.
The waste incinerator aims at disposing waste, and the waste heat boiler with the superheater is arranged in the incinerator by utilizing the incineration heat, so that the power generation efficiency of the waste heat boiler is very low, namely 18% -25%, and is far lower than that of a high-efficiency coal-fired unit by about 45%. Meanwhile, the garbage incinerator has the defects of high equipment investment, high-temperature corrosion of a heating surface, low-temperature corrosion of a tail part, poor dioxin smoke emission index and the like, and needs to be provided with independent smoke purification systems such as desulfurization, denitrification, dust removal and the like, so that the equipment cost and the operation and maintenance cost are high. Therefore, the combination of the garbage incinerator with the coal-fired boiler is one of means for effectively solving the above-mentioned drawbacks of the garbage incinerator.
For example, chinese patent application No. CN108266718A discloses a high-level utilization system in which a low-level working medium of a garbage incinerator is coupled to a coal-fired boiler, and an outlet water pipe of the garbage incinerator of the system is connected to a tail economizer of the coal-fired boiler after being joined to another water supply pipe of a high-pressure heater, so that hot water generated by the garbage incinerator is introduced into the economizer of the coal-fired boiler to raise the inlet water temperature of the economizer (see fig. 1).
For example, chinese patent application No. CN 107559058A discloses a thermal coupling power generation system of medium pressure steam and coal-fired unit in garbage incinerator, which comprises a garbage furnace body, a water feeding pump, a low pressure heater, a deaerator, a high pressure heater, a water feeding pipeline, a coal-fired unit, a main steam pipeline, a reheater pipeline, an ultrahigh pressure cylinder, a high pressure cylinder, a condenser, a primary steam extraction pipeline and a secondary steam extraction pipeline, wherein the high pressure heater comprises a primary high pressure heater and a secondary high pressure heater which are mutually connected, the ultrahigh pressure cylinder is connected with the high pressure cylinder, the water feeding pump is connected with the low pressure heater through a pipeline, the low pressure heater is connected with the deaerator through a pipeline, the deaerator is connected with the high pressure heater through a pipeline, the high pressure heater is connected with the coal-fired unit through a water feeding pipeline, the coal-fired unit is connected with the main steam pipeline, the main steam pipeline is connected with the ultrahigh pressure cylinder, the ultrahigh pressure cylinder is connected with a third-stage high pressure heater through a primary steam extraction pipeline, the ultrahigh pressure cylinder is connected with the secondary steam extraction pipeline, the high pressure cylinder is connected with the secondary high pressure heater through a reheat pipeline, the coal-fired unit is connected with the condenser through a high pressure cylinder, and the garbage furnace body is connected with the steam outlet through a steam extraction pipeline (see fig. 2). The thermodynamic coupling power generation system couples steam generated by the combustion of the garbage furnace into a steam turbine thermodynamic system, but the steam is only used for reducing steam extraction of a steam turbine and improving the water supply temperature of the coal-fired boiler. When the waste heat boiler for incinerating the garbage generates too much steam, the steam cannot be completely consumed only by steam extraction of the steam turbine, and the utilization rate of the steam generated by the waste heat boiler is not high, so that the heat energy of the steam is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a system and a method for coupling steam of a biomass incinerator and a coal-fired unit, which can automatically optimize and regulate the operation mode of a system according to the quantity of the steam generated by a waste heat boiler so as to fully utilize the energy of the steam generated by the waste heat boiler and realize the maximization of energy utilization.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the steam coupling system of the biomass incinerator and the coal-fired unit comprises: the waste heat boiler is connected with the first-stage steam extraction pipeline connected with the high-pressure cylinder of the coal-fired unit steam engine, the first-stage steam extraction pipeline is provided with a steam extraction check valve, the waste heat boiler is connected with the first-stage steam extraction pipeline after the steam extraction check valve through a waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline and a waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline, one end of the waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline is connected with the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline, the other end of the waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline is connected with the first-stage steam extraction pipeline after the steam extraction check valve, and therefore steam generated by the waste heat boiler sequentially passes through the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline and the waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline to enter the first-stage steam extraction pipeline after the steam extraction check valve to be coupled with steam extraction therein.
The waste heat boiler is further connected with a primary steam extraction pipeline in front of the steam extraction check valve through a waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline, a waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline and a bypass pipeline, wherein one end of the bypass pipeline is connected with the waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline, and the other end of the bypass pipeline is connected with the primary steam extraction pipeline in front of the steam extraction check valve, so that steam generated by the waste heat boiler sequentially passes through the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline, the waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline and the bypass pipeline enter the primary steam extraction pipeline in front of the steam extraction check valve, and then enter a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine of the coal-fired unit to do work and generate power.
The waste heat boiler is further connected with a high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipeline through a waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline and a waste heat boiler steam outlet second branch pipeline, wherein the high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipeline is connected with a high-pressure cylinder of a coal-fired unit steam engine, one end of the waste heat boiler steam outlet second branch pipeline is connected with the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline, and the other end of the waste heat boiler steam outlet second branch pipeline is connected with the high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipeline, so that steam generated by the waste heat boiler sequentially passes through the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline and the waste heat boiler steam outlet second branch pipeline to enter the high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipeline to be coupled with steam exhaust therein.
And a steam pressure monitor is arranged on the main pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler and used for detecting the pressure of steam in the main pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler.
And the bypass pipeline is provided with a steam supplementing valve for controlling steam in the bypass pipeline to enter the high-pressure cylinder of the coal-fired unit steam turbine.
And an adjusting valve is arranged on the second branch pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler to adjust the size of steam entering the second branch pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler.
And a temperature and pressure reducer is arranged on the second branch pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler and is used for reducing the temperature and pressure of steam in the second branch pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler so as to enter the steam exhaust pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder to be coupled with steam exhaust therein. The temperature and pressure reducer is positioned downstream of the exhaust-heat boiler steam outlet second branch pipeline relative to the regulating valve.
The invention also provides a method for steam coupling of the biomass incinerator and the coal-fired unit, which comprises the following steps:
enabling steam generated by the waste heat boiler to sequentially enter a primary steam extraction pipeline after a steam extraction check valve through a main pipeline of a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler and a first branch pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler, and then coupling with steam extraction in the primary steam extraction pipeline;
the steam generated by the waste heat boiler sequentially passes through a main pipeline of a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler, a first branch pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler and a bypass pipeline to enter a first-stage steam extraction pipeline in front of a steam extraction check valve, and then enters a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine of a coal-fired unit to do work to generate electricity.
The method further comprises the steps of: the steam generated by the waste heat boiler sequentially passes through a main pipeline of a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler and a second branch pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler to enter a steam exhaust pipeline of a high-pressure cylinder connected with a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine of the coal-fired unit, and then is coupled with steam exhaust therein.
In the method for coupling the biomass incinerator with the coal-fired unit by steam, when the steam pressure in the main pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is smaller than a first pressure preset value, a steam supplementing valve on a bypass pipeline and a regulating valve on the second branch pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler are closed, so that steam completely enters a first-stage steam extraction pipeline after the steam extraction check valve to be coupled with steam extraction in the first-stage steam extraction pipeline.
In the method for coupling the biomass incinerator and the coal-fired unit by steam, when the steam pressure in the main pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is larger than a first pressure preset value and smaller than a second pressure preset value, a steam supplementing valve on a bypass pipeline is opened, and a regulating valve on the second branch pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is closed, so that one part of steam generated by the waste heat boiler enters a first-stage steam extraction pipeline behind a steam extraction check valve, and the other part enters a first-stage steam extraction pipeline in front of the steam extraction check valve, and then enters a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine of the coal-fired unit to do work and generate power.
In the method for coupling the biomass incinerator with the coal-fired unit by steam, when the steam pressure in the main pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is larger than a second pressure preset value, a steam supplementing valve on a bypass pipeline and a regulating valve on the second branch pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler are simultaneously opened, so that one part of steam generated by the waste heat boiler enters a first-stage steam extraction pipeline behind a steam extraction check valve, the other part enters the first-stage steam extraction pipeline in front of the steam extraction check valve and finally enters a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine of the coal-fired unit to do work and generate power, and the other part enters a high-pressure cylinder steam extraction pipeline connected with the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit to be coupled with steam therein.
According to the steam coupling system of the biomass incinerator and the coal-fired unit, a plurality of branch pipelines are additionally arranged on a steam outlet pipeline of an existing waste heat boiler, steam is regulated to enter different sections of a first-stage steam extraction pipeline connected with a high-pressure cylinder of the coal-fired unit and a high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipeline respectively through different steam outlet branch pipelines according to the steam quantity generated by the waste heat boiler (the steam pressure in the steam outlet pipeline is in direct proportion to the steam quantity), and when the steam quantity (namely the steam pressure) is smaller, the steam is completely introduced into the first-stage steam extraction pipeline behind a steam extraction check valve to be coupled with steam extraction therein to replace the original No. 1 high-pressure heater for steam extraction; when the steam quantity is increased and the coupling steam cannot be completely consumed by the steam extraction of the No. 1 high-pressure heater, redundant steam enters a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine of the coal-fired unit through a first-stage steam extraction pipeline in front of a steam extraction check valve to do work and generate power; when the steam quantity continues to increase, and the steam can not be completely consumed by combining the modes of steam extraction of the No. 1 high-pressure heater and work of the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine entering the coal-fired unit, redundant steam enters a steam exhaust pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder, is coupled with the steam exhausted by the high-pressure cylinder after passing through a temperature and pressure reducer, and finally enters a cold section of the No. 2 high-pressure heater or a reheater of the coal-fired boiler, so that the defect that the steam generated by the waste heat boiler is singly utilized in the prior art, and when the steam quantity is large, the steam can not be completely consumed and coupled is overcome. Compared with the prior art, the invention achieves the following remarkable technical effects:
(1) The steam generated by the waste heat boiler can replace the steam extracted by the No. 1 high-pressure heater and can return to the high-pressure cylinder of the coal-fired unit steam turbine to do work and generate electricity, the steam extracted port of the high-pressure heater in the traditional sense is subjected to subversion recognition and use, and the integral coupling utilization efficiency of biomass heat energy is greatly improved;
(2) The novel steam coupling method is realized, and because the high-pressure heater extracts steam, returns to the high-pressure cylinder of the coal-fired unit steam turbine to do work and generate power and enters the high-pressure cylinder to exhaust steam, the steam coupling method can carry out the absorption coupling on the steam generated by the waste heat boiler.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the embodiments or the drawings in the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of the prior art.
Fig. 2 schematically shows another embodiment of the prior art.
Fig. 3 schematically shows the structure of the steam coupling system of the biomass incinerator and the coal-fired unit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first pressure preset value is set according to the steam quantity generated by the No. 1 high-pressure heater for absorbing and coupling the waste heat boiler, and the steam pressure value in the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline 9 corresponding to the condition that the steam quantity generated by the No. 1 high-pressure heater for absorbing and coupling the waste heat boiler reaches the maximum value is the first pressure preset value.
The second pressure preset value is set according to the steam quantity generated by the No. 1 high-pressure heater for absorbing and coupling the waste heat boiler and the steam quantity generated by the high-pressure cylinder of the coal-fired unit for absorbing and coupling the waste heat boiler through the primary steam extraction pipeline, and the steam pressure value in the main pipeline 9 of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler corresponding to the condition that the steam quantity generated by the No. 1 high-pressure heater for absorbing and coupling the waste heat boiler and the steam quantity generated by the high-pressure cylinder of the coal-fired unit for absorbing and coupling the waste heat boiler through the primary steam extraction pipeline reach the maximum value is the second pressure preset value.
"upstream" and "downstream" in the present invention are defined in terms of the direction of flow of the fluid in the conduit.
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a high-pressure coal-fired unit by using a high-pressure coal-fired unit, which comprises the steps of (a) a first-stage steam extraction pipeline in front of a steam extraction check valve and a first-stage steam extraction pipeline behind the steam extraction check valve, wherein the first-stage steam extraction pipeline is defined according to the flow direction of steam extraction in the first-stage steam extraction pipeline, and the first-stage steam extraction pipeline between the steam extraction check valve and a high-pressure cylinder of the coal-fired unit is called the first-stage steam extraction pipeline in front of the steam extraction check valve, and the first-stage steam extraction pipeline between the steam extraction check valve and a No. 1 high-pressure heater is called the first-stage steam extraction pipeline behind the steam extraction check valve.
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the steam coupling system of the biomass incinerator and the coal-fired unit comprises an incinerator 1, a waste heat boiler 2 and a high-pressure cylinder 3 of the coal-fired unit. The incinerator 1 is connected with the waste heat boiler 2 through a flue gas pipeline 12. The waste heat boiler 2 is connected with a water supply pipeline 13. The high-pressure cylinder 3 of the coal-fired unit steam turbine is connected with one end of a primary steam extraction pipeline 10 and one end of a high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipeline 11, the other end of the primary steam extraction pipeline 10 is connected with a No. 1 high-pressure heater, and the other end of the high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipeline 11 is connected with a No. 2 high-pressure heater and a reheater cold section of the coal-fired boiler. The primary steam extraction pipeline 10 is provided with a steam extraction check valve 4.
The waste heat boiler 2 is connected with a waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipe 9, the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipe 9 is used for outputting steam generated by the waste heat boiler 2, and the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipe 9 is also connected with one end of a waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipe 91, for example, through a three-way pipe connection. The other end of the first branch pipeline 91 of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with a first-stage steam extraction pipeline 10 behind a steam extraction check valve (4), for example, through a three-way pipeline. The exhaust-heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipe 91 is also connected to one end of a bypass pipe 911, for example by means of a three-way pipe connection. The other end of the bypass line 911 is connected to a primary extraction line 10 before the extraction check valve (4), for example, by a three-way line.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the waste heat boiler 2 is further connected to one end of a second branch pipe 92 of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler, for example, by a three-way pipe. The other end of the exhaust-heat boiler steam outlet second branch pipe 92 is connected to the high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipe 11, for example, by a three-way pipe.
The main exhaust-heat boiler steam outlet pipeline 9 is provided with a steam pressure monitor 7 for detecting the pressure of steam in the main exhaust-heat boiler steam outlet pipeline 9. The bypass pipeline 911 is provided with a steam supplementing valve 5 for adjusting steam in the bypass pipeline to enter a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine of the coal-fired unit through a first-stage steam extraction pipeline in front of a steam extraction check valve to do work and generate power. The second branch pipeline 92 of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is also provided with a regulating valve 6 and a temperature and pressure reducer 8, and the temperature and pressure reducer 8 is positioned at the downstream of the second branch pipeline 92 of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler relative to the regulating valve 6. The regulating valve 6 is used for regulating the steam quantity entering the second branch pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler. The temperature and pressure reducer 8 is used for reducing the temperature and pressure of the steam in the second branch pipeline of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler, and then enters the cold section of the 2-stage high-pressure heater or the reheater of the coal-fired boiler through the high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipeline 11.
The working mode of the steam coupling system of the biomass incinerator and the coal-fired unit is as follows:
flue gas generated by burning biomass in the incinerator 1 enters the waste heat boiler 2 through the flue gas channel 12, water conveyed into the waste heat boiler 2 through the water supply pipeline 13 is heated to be converted into high-temperature and high-pressure steam, the steam then enters the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline 9, when the steam pressure monitor 7 detects that the steam pressure in the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline 9 is smaller than a first pressure preset value, the steam supplementing valve 5 and the regulating valve 6 are closed, and thus, all steam generated by the waste heat boiler enters the primary steam extraction pipeline 10 after entering the steam extraction check valve 4 of the coal-fired unit through the waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline 91 to be coupled with steam extraction therein, and finally enters the No. 1 high-pressure heater.
As the amount of steam generated by the exhaust-heat boiler increases, the steam make-up valve 5 is gradually opened, but the regulating valve 6 is still in a closed state, when the steam pressure monitor 7 detects that the steam pressure in the exhaust-heat boiler steam outlet main pipe 9 is greater than the first pressure predetermined value but less than the second pressure predetermined value. In this way, part of the steam in the first branch pipeline 91 of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler enters the first-stage steam extraction channel 10 in front of the steam extraction check valve 4 through the bypass channel 911, finally enters the high-pressure cylinder 3 of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit to perform work and power generation, and the other part of the steam in the first branch pipeline 91 of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler still enters the first-stage steam extraction pipeline 10 behind the steam extraction check valve 4, and finally enters the No. 1 high-pressure heater.
As the amount of steam generated by the exhaust-heat boiler further increases, when the steam pressure monitor 7 detects that the steam pressure in the exhaust-heat boiler steam outlet main pipe 9 is greater than the second pressure predetermined value, the regulating valve 6 is opened stepwise, and at this time, the steam make-up valve 5 is also in an open state. In this way, part of the steam in the main steam outlet pipeline 9 of the waste heat boiler enters the second branch pipeline 92 of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler, then enters the high-pressure cylinder steam discharging channel 11 to be coupled with the steam discharged therein after being subjected to temperature and pressure reduction by the temperature and pressure reducer 8, and finally enters the No. 2 high-pressure heater or the reheater cold section of the coal-fired boiler. The steam entering the No. 2 high-pressure heater can replace 2-stage steam extraction of a steam turbine, and the steam entering the cold section of the reheater of the coal-fired boiler is heated by the reheater of the coal-fired boiler and then enters the medium-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine to do work. The other part of the steam in the main waste heat boiler steam outlet pipeline 9 still enters the first branch pipeline 91 of the waste heat boiler steam outlet, part of the steam in the first branch pipeline 91 of the waste heat boiler steam outlet enters the first-stage steam extraction pipeline 10 behind the steam extraction check valve 4 and finally enters the No. 1 high-pressure heater, and the other part of the steam in the first branch pipeline 91 of the waste heat boiler steam outlet enters the first-stage steam extraction pipeline 10 in front of the steam extraction check valve 4 through the bypass channel 911 and finally enters the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit to do work and generate electricity.
Through the description, on the premise that the safety of the blade strength, the cylinder tightness, the shafting vibration, the thrust and the like of the turbine of the original coal-fired unit is ensured, steam generated by the waste heat boiler is firstly coupled and introduced into a primary steam extraction pipeline of a high-pressure cylinder of the turbine of the coal-fired unit, which has higher energy utilization efficiency, so that the primary steam extraction pipeline replaces the original No. 1 high-pressure heater; when the steam quantity is increased and the coupling steam cannot be completely absorbed by the steam extracted by the No. 1 high-pressure heater, introducing redundant steam into a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine of the coal-fired unit to do work and generate power; when the steam quantity is further increased and the two modes can not completely absorb the coupling steam, the redundant steam is coupled with the steam exhaust of the high-pressure cylinder through temperature reduction and pressure reduction. The mode of coupling steam is jointly consumed by multiple ways, so that the overall coupling utilization efficiency of biomass heat energy is greatly improved. Therefore, the invention achieves the following remarkable technical effects:
1. when the steam quantity generated by the waste heat boiler is smaller, the steam is coupled with the steam extracted in the primary steam extraction pipeline to replace the original No. 1 high-pressure heater for steam extraction;
2. when the steam quantity generated by the waste heat boiler is increased and the coupled steam cannot be completely consumed by steam extraction of the No. 1 high-pressure heater, the redundant steam enters a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine of the coal-fired unit to do work for power generation;
3. when the steam quantity generated by the waste heat boiler continues to be increased, and the steam cannot be completely consumed by combining the steam extraction mode of the No. 1 high-pressure heater with the mode of acting after entering the high-pressure cylinder of the coal-fired unit, the redundant steam is merged into the high-pressure cylinder to be exhausted after passing through the temperature and pressure reducer, and finally enters the No. 2 high-pressure heater or the reheater cold section of the coal-fired boiler. The steam entering the No. 2 high-pressure heater can replace the 2-stage steam extraction of the steam turbine, and the steam entering the cold section of the reheater is heated by the reheater of the coal-fired boiler and then enters the medium-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine to do work.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A steam coupling system of a biomass incinerator and a coal-fired unit, the system further comprising: a waste heat boiler (2), a high-pressure cylinder (3) of a coal-fired unit steam turbine, a primary steam extraction pipeline (10) connected with the high-pressure cylinder (3) of the coal-fired unit steam turbine, wherein a steam extraction check valve (4) is arranged on the primary steam extraction pipeline (10),
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the waste heat boiler (2) is connected with a primary steam extraction pipeline (10) behind a steam extraction check valve (4) through a waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline (9) and a waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline (91), one end of the waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline (91) is connected with the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline (9), the other end is connected with the primary steam extraction pipeline (10) behind the steam extraction check valve (4), steam generated by the waste heat boiler (2) sequentially passes through the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline (9) and the waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline (91) to enter the primary steam extraction pipeline (10) behind the steam extraction check valve (4) to be coupled with steam extraction therein,
the waste heat boiler (2) is further connected with a primary steam extraction pipeline (10) in front of the steam extraction check valve (4) through a waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline (9), a waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline (91) and a bypass pipeline (911), wherein one end of the bypass pipeline (911) is connected with the waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline (91), the other end of the bypass pipeline is connected with the primary steam extraction pipeline (10) in front of the steam extraction check valve (4), and steam generated by the waste heat boiler (2) sequentially passes through the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline (9), the waste heat boiler steam outlet first branch pipeline (91) and the bypass pipeline (911) to enter the primary steam extraction pipeline (10) in front of the steam extraction check valve (4) and then enter the high-pressure cylinder (3) of the coal-fired unit steam engine to perform work;
the waste heat boiler (2) is further connected with a high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipeline (11) through a waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline (9) and a waste heat boiler steam outlet second branch pipeline (92), wherein the high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipeline (11) is connected with the coal-fired unit steam turbine high-pressure cylinder (3), one end of the waste heat boiler steam outlet second branch pipeline (92) is connected with the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline (9), the other end of the waste heat boiler steam outlet second branch pipeline is connected with the high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipeline (11), and steam generated by the waste heat boiler (2) sequentially enters the high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipeline (11) through the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipeline (9) and the waste heat boiler steam outlet second branch pipeline (92) to be coupled with steam exhaust therein;
a steam pressure monitor (7) is arranged on the main pipeline (9) of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler;
the bypass pipeline (911) is provided with a steam supplementing valve (5);
a regulating valve (6) is arranged on the second branch pipeline (92) of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler;
the waste heat boiler steam outlet second branch pipeline (92) is provided with a temperature and pressure reducer (8), and the temperature and pressure reducer (8) is positioned at the downstream of the waste heat boiler steam outlet second branch pipeline (92) relative to the regulating valve (6).
2. A method for coupling a biomass incinerator with a steam coupling system of a coal-fired unit according to claim 1, wherein,
steam generated by the waste heat boiler (2) sequentially enters a primary steam extraction pipeline (10) after a steam extraction check valve (4) through a main pipeline (9) of a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler and a first branch pipeline (91) of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler, and is then coupled with steam extraction therein,
steam generated by the waste heat boiler (2) sequentially passes through a main waste heat boiler steam outlet pipeline (9), a first branch pipeline (91) of the waste heat boiler steam outlet and a bypass pipeline (911) to enter a primary steam extraction pipeline (10) in front of a steam extraction check valve (4), and then enters a high-pressure cylinder (3) of a coal-fired unit steam turbine to perform work and power generation.
3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising passing steam generated by the waste heat boiler (2) through the waste heat boiler steam outlet main pipe (9) and the waste heat boiler steam outlet second branch pipe (92) in sequence into a high pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipe (11) connected to the high pressure cylinder (3) of the coal-fired unit steam turbine, and then coupling with the exhaust steam therein.
4. A method according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that when the steam pressure in the main steam outlet pipe (9) of the waste heat boiler is less than a predetermined value of the first pressure, the steam supplementing valve (5) in the bypass pipe (911) and the regulating valve (6) in the second branch pipe (92) of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler are closed, so that the steam is completely fed into the primary steam extraction pipe (10) after the steam extraction non-return valve (4) and is coupled to the steam extraction therein.
5. A method according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that when the steam pressure in the main steam outlet pipe (9) of the waste heat boiler is greater than the first predetermined pressure value and less than the second predetermined pressure value, the steam supplementing valve (5) on the bypass pipe (911) is opened, and the regulating valve (6) on the second branch pipe (92) of the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is closed, so that part of the steam generated by the waste heat boiler (2) enters the first-stage steam extraction pipe (10) behind the steam extraction check valve (4), and the other part enters the first-stage steam extraction pipe (10) in front of the steam extraction check valve (4), and then enters the high-pressure cylinder (3) of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit to perform work and power generation.
6. A method according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that when the steam pressure in the main steam outlet pipe (9) of the waste heat boiler is greater than the second pressure preset value, the steam supplementing valve (5) on the bypass pipe (911) and the regulating valve (6) on the second branch steam outlet pipe (92) of the waste heat boiler are simultaneously opened, so that one part of steam generated by the waste heat boiler (2) enters the first-stage steam extraction pipe (10) behind the steam extraction check valve (4), the other part enters the first-stage steam extraction pipe (10) in front of the steam extraction check valve (4) and finally enters the high-pressure cylinder (3) of the coal-fired unit to perform power generation, and the other part enters the high-pressure cylinder steam extraction pipe (11) connected with the high-pressure cylinder (3) of the coal-fired unit to be coupled with steam extraction therein.
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