CN109370319B - Coating for simulating dental plaque, preparation method, using method and application thereof, and product for detecting performance of oral cleaning product and application thereof - Google Patents
Coating for simulating dental plaque, preparation method, using method and application thereof, and product for detecting performance of oral cleaning product and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109370319B CN109370319B CN201811191498.9A CN201811191498A CN109370319B CN 109370319 B CN109370319 B CN 109370319B CN 201811191498 A CN201811191498 A CN 201811191498A CN 109370319 B CN109370319 B CN 109370319B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D103/00—Coating compositions based on starch, amylose or amylopectin or on their derivatives or degradation products
- C09D103/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
Abstract
The invention provides a coating for simulating dental plaque, a preparation method, a using method and application thereof, and an oral cleaning product performance detection product and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of oral hygiene. The coating for simulating dental plaque comprises, by mass, 8-40 parts of starch, 15-55 parts of diluent and 8-25 parts of dye. The coating simulating the dental plaque relieves the technical problem that a product for detecting the cleaning performance of the oral cleaning product in vitro in the prior art is lacked, the adhesive capacity of the coating simulating the dental plaque on a dental model is similar to that of the dental plaque on the surface of natural teeth, and the detection result of the cleaning performance of the oral cleaning product is accurate. The invention also provides a preparation method and a use method of the coating for simulating dental plaque; in addition, the invention also provides a product for detecting the performance of the oral cleaning product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material engineering, in particular to a coating for simulating dental plaque, a preparation method, a using method and application thereof, and a product for detecting the performance of an oral cleaning product and application thereof.
Background
Along with the acceleration of the pace of life of people, more and more people begin to pay attention to oral health, and the oral cleaning product has wide market prospect and higher market competition pressure. Dental plaque is the initiating factor for periodontal and caries, the two most common diseases of the oral cavity. The plaque removing effect of the cleaning product is an important index for judging the cleaning performance of the cleaning product, and is widely concerned by the oral medical field, oral cleaning product enterprises and people.
At present, the method of clinical test is mostly used for detecting the cleaning performance of the oral cleaning product, but the in vivo detection cost is high and the period is long; and because the sample (the subject baseline plaque) has poor uniformity, large individual difference and the like, the problems of complex detection process, large sample requirement of the subject, multiple interference factors on the result and the like exist.
Therefore, the product capable of detecting the cleaning performance of the oral cleaning product in vitro is developed, natural dental plaque can be simulated in vitro, and the product has important significance for the product with accurate detection result of the cleaning performance of the oral cleaning product.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coating for simulating dental plaque, which comprises, by mass, 8-40 parts of starch, 15-55 parts of a diluent and 8-25 parts of a dye. The coating simulating the dental plaque relieves the technical problem that a product for detecting the cleaning performance of the oral cleaning product in vitro in the prior art is lacked, the adhesive capacity of the coating simulating the dental plaque on a dental model is similar to that of the dental plaque on the surface of natural teeth, and the detection result of the cleaning performance of the oral cleaning product is accurate.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the coating for simulating dental plaque, which has simple process and short time.
The invention also aims to provide a use method of the coating for simulating dental plaque, which has simple steps and short time.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a product for detecting the performance of the oral cleaning product, which can simulate dental plaque in vitro and detect the performance of the oral cleaning product, and has more accurate detection result and more convenient use.
The fifth purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the performance detection product of the coating or the oral cleaning product for simulating dental plaque in oral hygiene propaganda and education.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
a coating simulating dental plaque comprises, by mass, 8-40 parts of starch, 15-55 parts of diluent and 8-25 parts of dye;
preferably, the raw materials comprise 10-30 parts of starch, 20-50 parts of diluent and 10-20 parts of dye;
preferably, the raw materials comprise 16-20 parts of starch, 29-45 parts of diluent and 14-18 parts of dye.
Preferably, on the basis of the scheme of the invention, the diluent comprises one or more of water, normal saline or PBS, and is preferably water;
preferably, the dye comprises a natural dye and/or an artificial dye, preferably an artificial dye;
preferably, the artificial dye comprises magenta.
Preferably, on the basis of the scheme of the invention, the raw materials further comprise 10-30 parts of a wetting agent, preferably 10-20 parts, and further preferably 15 parts by mass.
Preferably, on the basis of the scheme of the invention, the wetting agent comprises one or more of alkyl sulfate, sulfonate, fatty acid ester sulfate, carboxylic acid soap, phosphate ester, thiol, hydrazide, thiol acetal, alcohol or ether;
preferably, the wetting agent comprises an alcohol;
preferably, the alcohols include glycerol and ethanol.
Preferably, the raw material also comprises 4-16 parts of defoaming agent, preferably 6-10 parts, and further preferably 6-8 parts;
preferably, the defoaming agent comprises one or more of emulsified silicone oil, a higher alcohol fatty acid ester compound, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene amine ether, polyoxypropylene glycerol ether and polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene glycerol ether or polydimethylsiloxane;
preferably, the defoamer also comprises a compound of triethanolamine stearate and aluminum stearate;
preferably, the higher alcohol fatty acid ester complex comprises stearyl stearate;
preferably, the defoamer comprises a combination of stearyl stearate and triethanolamine stearate with aluminum stearate.
Preferably, on the basis of the scheme of the invention, the raw materials comprise 16-20 parts of starch, 5 parts of glycerol, 6-8 parts of defoaming agent, 29-45 parts of water, 10 parts of ethanol and 14-18 parts of fuchsin in parts by mass.
In a second aspect, a method for preparing the plaque-simulating coating is provided, which comprises the following steps:
the formulated amounts of starch, diluent, dye, optional wetting agent, and optional defoamer were mixed to provide a coating simulating dental plaque.
In a third aspect, there is provided a method of using the plaque-simulating coating, comprising the steps of:
keeping the dental model coated with the coating simulating dental plaque at 20-60 deg.C for 5-20min to form simulated dental plaque.
Preferably, on the basis of the scheme of the invention, the use method of the coating for simulating dental plaque further comprises the following steps:
cleaning the dental model after the simulated dental plaque is formed, and comparing the sum of the tooth surface numbers of the simulated dental plaque on the dental model before and after cleaning with the area difference of the simulated dental plaque before and after cleaning;
preferably, the method for cleaning the dental cast comprises one or more of tooth brushing by a toothbrush, dental floss cleaning, interdental brush cleaning or rinsing by a tooth flusher;
preferably, the dental cast is a sand-blasted dental cast;
preferably, the material of the dental cast comprises a resin;
preferably, the resin comprises polymethyl methacrylate;
preferably, the method of brushing the teeth with the toothbrush is a pasteur brushing method.
In a fourth aspect, an oral cleaning product performance detection product comprises a coating that simulates dental plaque;
preferably, the oral cleaning product performance test product further comprises a dental cast.
In a fifth aspect, a coating or oral cleaning product for simulating dental plaque is used in oral hygiene announcements.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a coating for simulating dental plaque, wherein starch is a substance which is mainly used for simulating dental plaque in materials, and the starch has more hydroxyl groups, has excellent adhesion after being mixed with a diluent, can be adhered to a dental model to form an amorphous matrix, has the adhesion extremely similar to that of natural dental plaque in an oral cavity, and can simulate the natural dental plaque in vitro. This is mainly due to the formation of natural plaque, which is mainly due to the fact that the nutrients in saliva adhere to the tooth surface, providing a nutritional and colonizing environment for the microorganisms in the oral cavity, and thus gradually forming plaque. The major nutrient is starch. Because proteins such as meat eaten by people tend to have poor adhesion to teeth, the proteins generally do not adhere to the surfaces of the teeth for a long time, grease is poor in adhesion, and the proteins can be easily removed during tooth brushing. Food containing more starch, such as staple food like bread, biscuits, rice and the like, is easier to attach to the surface of teeth and is not easy to remove, a nutritional environment is provided for bacterial colonization, dental plaque is gradually formed in the past, and therefore the starch is the main substance in the coating simulating the dental plaque. The thinner has the function of dilution, so that the phenomenon that the starch with too high concentration is adhered to the tooth mould too closely and is difficult to remove is avoided, and the phenomenon that the dye with too high concentration is difficult to remove is avoided, so that dental plaque cannot be simulated well. The dye is added because the simulated plaque attached to the dental cast by starch is often difficult to identify with the naked eye, and therefore, the simulated plaque can be more clearly shown by adding the dye. In conclusion, the adhesion capability of the coating simulating dental plaque on the dental model is similar to the adhesion capability of the dental plaque on the natural tooth surface, and the detection result of the cleaning performance of the oral product is accurate.
(2) The preparation method and the using method of the coating for simulating dental plaque provided by the invention have the advantages that the steps of the preparation method and the using method of the coating for simulating dental plaque are simple, the time consumption is short, and the convenience is high; in addition, the invention also provides a product for detecting the performance of the oral cleaning product, which can simulate dental plaque in vitro and detect the performance of the oral cleaning product, and is very convenient to use; the plaque-simulating coating or oral cleaning product performance detection product can be applied to oral hygiene propaganda and education.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the coating for simulating dental plaque is provided, and the raw materials comprise 8-40 parts of starch, 15-55 parts of diluent and 8-25 parts of dye in parts by mass.
Dental plaque is a bacterial biofilm, is a soft and unmineralized bacterial colony which is wrapped by a substrate and adhered to the surface of teeth, interdentium or the surface of a restoration body, is difficult to be washed away by water or rinsed away and can only be cleaned by a mechanical method, and early dental plaque is a colorless viscous bacterial film which is difficult to be found by naked eyes and is inconvenient to observe.
Starch, which is a polymerization of glucose molecules, is ingested in a large amount in the daily diet. Foods with higher starch content such as: rice, noodles, bread, biscuits or steamed bread, etc. The substances are easy to adhere to teeth after chewing, and because the oral cavity contains various bacteria, starch is also an important nutrient substance for the growth and reproduction of the bacteria, the bacteria colonize on the surfaces of the teeth over time to gradually form dental plaque, and further cause dental caries without being treated in time. The plaque generally adheres to the teeth more firmly and is not easily recognized by the naked eye, so that the staining auxiliary observation is often needed, which brings more inconvenience, the starch of the invention is not limited in kind and source, and typical but not limited starch is as follows: potato starch or corn starch, and the like.
The thinner mainly plays a role in dilution, so that the phenomenon that the adhesion difference between the thinner and dental plaque on the surface of teeth is large due to the fact that the starch concentration is too high and the adhesion between the thinner and dental plaque and a dental model is too strong in the subsequent use process is avoided, and the adhesion of dental plaque in the oral cavity cannot be well simulated.
Dyes, which are usually difficult to distinguish from the naked eye when the plaque is not formed in the early stage or the condition is not serious, are usually observed by means of staining, so that the general dentist often uses the dyes to assist the observation in the actual clinical diagnosis, and at present, typical but not limited to, the plaque staining agents commonly used in clinic are, for example: 1.2 percent of basic fuchsin, fluorescein sodium, tartaric acid and azure mixed solution, 2 to 5 percent of erythrosine and the like. We simulated plaque in vitro and added dyes to aid in the observation, since the color of starch is usually close to the color of white teeth on the cast, and even if attached to the cast, it is often difficult to discern.
In the coating for simulating dental plaque, starch is a substance which is mainly used for simulating dental plaque in materials, and the starch has more hydroxyl groups and excellent adhesion after being mixed with a diluent, can be attached to a dental model, has the adhesion extremely similar to that of natural dental plaque in an oral cavity, and can simulate the natural dental plaque in vitro. This is mainly due to the formation of natural plaque, which is mainly due to the fact that the nutrients in saliva adhere to the tooth surface, providing a nutritional and colonizing environment for the microorganisms in the oral cavity, and thus gradually forming plaque. The major nutrient is starch. Because proteins such as meat eaten by people tend to have poor adhesion to teeth, the proteins generally do not adhere to the surfaces of the teeth for a long time, grease is poor in adhesion, and the proteins can be easily removed during tooth brushing. Food with more starch, such as staple food like bread, biscuits, rice and the like, is easier to attach to the surface of teeth and is not easy to remove, a nutritional environment is provided for bacterial colonization, dental plaque is gradually formed in the past, and therefore the starch is the main substance in the coating simulating the dental plaque. The diluent has the function of diluting and preventing starch from aggregating. The dye was added to simulate plaque after staining with a plaque stain. In conclusion, the coating for simulating dental plaque can simulate the dental plaque after being stained by the dental plaque stain, the bonding capacity of the coating on a dental model is similar to the bonding capacity of the dental plaque on the surface of natural teeth, and the detection result of the coating for simulating dental plaque for detecting the cleaning performance of the oral product is accurate.
The raw material comprises 8-40 parts of starch by mass, and typical but non-limiting parts of starch are as follows: 8 parts, 10 parts, 20 parts, 30 parts or 40 parts and the like.
The raw materials comprise 15-55 parts of water by mass, and typical but non-limiting diluents comprise the following components in parts by mass: 15 parts, 25 parts, 35 parts, 45 parts, 55 parts and the like.
The raw materials comprise 8-25 parts of dye by mass, and the parts of the typical but non-limiting dye are as follows: 8 parts, 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts or 25 parts and the like.
The parts of the components are optimized, so that the adhesion of the starch substance in the oral cavity on the tooth surface can be better simulated, the adhesion of the starch substance in the oral cavity is closer to the adhesion of natural dental plaque on the tooth, the adhesion and aggregation of the dental plaque can be better simulated, and the cleaning effect evaluation of the oral cleaning product can be more truly evaluated after the oral care product is removed.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise 10-30 parts of starch, 20-50 parts of diluent and 10-20 parts of dye.
The content ratio of each component in the raw materials is further optimized, so that the state of the dye coated on the dental model in vitro is closer to the actual oral dental plaque, and the bonding strength, the anti-friction performance or the color after dyeing and the like are closer to the oral dental plaque. Thereby further improving the accuracy of the coating simulating dental plaque when used for evaluating the performance of the oral cleaning product at a later stage.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise 16-20 parts of starch, 29-45 parts of diluent and 14-18 parts of dye.
The similarity of the simulation and the accuracy of the subsequent cleaning performance of the oral cleaning product are further improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the diluent comprises one or more of water, saline or PBS, preferably water.
Water, typical but not limiting examples are: tap water, distilled water, deionized water or mineral water, etc.; normal saline refers to sodium chloride solution with osmotic pressure basically equal to that of animal or human plasma, which is commonly used in physiological experiments or clinic; PBS is phosphate buffered saline (phosphate buffer saline) and acts as a lyoprotectant. It is a buffer solution which is most widely used in biochemical research, and the main component of the buffer solution is Na2HPO4、KH2PO4NaCl and KCl due to Na2HPO4 and KH2PO4 has secondary dissociation, and has wide pH buffering range, and the diluent has the effect of diluting and low cost; the preferred is water because of the convenient material availability and low cost.
Preferably, the dye comprises a natural dye and/or an artificial dye, preferably an artificial dye.
The dye is not limited as long as it functions as a dye, regardless of whether it is a natural dye and/or an artificial dye.
Preferably, the artificial dye comprises magenta.
The fuchsin is a common dye, has low cost and good dyeing effect and color development effect. In order to facilitate the reuse of the dental cast, hydrophilic dyes are used here.
In a preferred embodiment, the raw material further comprises 10 to 30 parts by mass of a wetting agent, preferably 10 to 20 parts by mass, and more preferably 15 parts by mass.
The wetting agent makes the material more easily by the material of water logging, have the effect of moistening and moisturizing, the main action of adding the wetting agent is in order to reduce the surface tension of dyestuff, let matrix such as starch and dental model laminate more easily, it is more similar at the laminating on tooth surface with the laminating of dental plaque, also need under certain exogenic action, just can eliminate this kind of laminating, simulate dental plaque in the laminating on tooth surface better, certain moisturizing effect has simultaneously, the saliva environment in the simulation oral cavity, make liquid have certain stickness. The optimal proper addition proportion can achieve good wetting effect, and the excessive addition can waste the cost of raw materials.
In a preferred embodiment, the wetting agent comprises one or more of alkyl sulfates, sulfonates, fatty acids, fatty acid ester sulfates, carboxylic acid soaps, phosphate esters, thiols, hydrazides, thiol acetals, alcohols or ethers.
The substances of the above types can be used as wetting agents, and the wetting agent of the invention can be a compound of various substances or a single wetting agent, and can well play a wetting effect.
Preferably, the wetting agent comprises an alcohol.
The alcohol wetting agent is preferably used because the alcohol has more hydroxyl groups, so that the adhesion of the coating simulating dental plaque can be enhanced to a certain degree, the using amount of starch can be reduced to a certain degree, the dye can be distributed thinner and more uniformly during coating, and the cost is saved. In addition, some commonly used alcohols are low in price, so that the cost can be saved. Alcohols are generally non-toxic and inexpensive, so alcohols are preferred as wetting agents.
Preferably, the alcohols include glycerol and ethanol.
Ethanol and glycerin, not only have low cost, but also are nontoxic. The glycerol and the ethanol are common wetting agents, the glycerol is more viscous than the ethanol, the viscosity of the coating simulating dental plaque can be adjusted within a reasonable range by compounding the two wetting agents, and the cost of the two raw materials is low, so the glycerol and the ethanol are preferably compounded to be used as the wetting agents.
Preferably, the raw material also comprises 4-16 parts of defoaming agent, preferably 6-10 parts, and more preferably 6-8 parts.
The defoaming agent is a substance capable of reducing foams, plays a role in eliminating the foams in the components, is easy to cause foams due to the compounding of water, starch, a wetting agent and the like in the formula, and is added to avoid generating excessive foams and influencing the uniform distribution of the dye on the tooth surface of the resin.
Typical but non-limiting parts of antifoam are for example: 4 parts, 8 parts, 12 parts or 16 parts and the like.
Preferably, the defoaming agent comprises one or more of silicone emulsion, higher alcohol fatty acid ester complex, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene amine ether, polyoxypropylene glycerol ether and polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene glycerol ether or polydimethylsiloxane.
The starch material and the wetting agent are mixed, and the components contain water, so that foaming is easily caused, and the defoaming agent can be a plurality of the materials or one of the materials, and can play a better defoaming role.
Preferably, the defoamer also comprises a complex of triethanolamine stearate and aluminum stearate.
The antifoaming effect of the antifoaming agent of the compound of triethanolamine stearate and aluminum stearate is good, and the antifoaming agent belongs to a food-grade antifoaming agent and is safer.
Preferably, the higher alcohol fatty acid ester complex comprises stearyl stearate.
The stearyl alcohol stearate has good defoaming effect, lower cost and good safety.
Preferably, the defoamer comprises a combination of stearyl stearate and triethanolamine stearate with aluminum stearate.
It is better to prefer above-mentioned two kinds of defoaming agents cooperation defoaming effect, and above-mentioned two kinds of defoaming agents are food level's defoaming agent in addition, and nontoxic security is better, and these two kinds of defoaming agents are easily purchased in addition, low cost.
In a preferred embodiment, the raw materials comprise 16-20 parts of starch, 5 parts of glycerol, 6-8 parts of defoaming agent, 29-45 parts of water, 10 parts of ethanol and 14-18 parts of fuchsin in parts by mass.
Typical but non-limiting mass fractions of starch are for example: 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts or 20 parts and the like.
Typical but non-limiting mass fractions of the defoamer are for example: 6 parts, 7 parts or 8 parts and the like.
Typical but non-limiting mass fractions of water are for example: 29 parts, 30 parts, 32 parts, 34 parts, 36 parts, 38 parts, 40 parts, 42 parts, 44 parts, 45 parts, or the like.
Typical but non-limiting parts by mass of magenta are for example: 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts or 18 parts and the like.
The components are optimized, so that the better dental plaque simulation effect can be achieved, the dental plaque simulation effect comprises that the dental plaque simulation agent is uniformly and continuously distributed on the surface of resin teeth, the adhesion force and the mechanical friction resistance of the dental plaque simulation agent to a dental model are closer to the adhesion force of real dental plaque in the oral cavity to the surface of the teeth, meanwhile, the cost is lower, the toxicity is lower, the drying time used after coating is shorter, the dental plaque simulation agent can be completely removed by a mechanical removal method, and organic solvents are not needed for removal.
In a second aspect, a method for preparing the plaque-simulating coating is provided, which comprises the following steps:
the formulated amounts of starch, diluent, dye, optional wetting agent, and optional defoamer were mixed to provide a coating simulating dental plaque.
The method has the advantages of simple process, short time consumption, low cost, no need of special equipment, and suitability for large-scale production and use.
In a third aspect, there is provided a method of using the plaque-simulating coating, comprising the steps of:
keeping the dental model coated with the coating simulating dental plaque at 20-60 deg.C for 5-20min to form simulated dental plaque.
Dental models, which are models of teeth, are routinely available on the market, typically but not limited to: a dental model is made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as a base material. The roughness of the tooth mould can be increased by polishing and sand blasting, the surface tension of the tooth surface is reduced, and the coating is more uniform. The dental model coated with the coating simulating dental plaque can be naturally dried at the temperature of 20-60 ℃, effectively removes the moisture in the diluent, is better attached to the dental model, keeps for a period of time, is firmer in attachment and is more sufficient in moisture removal.
Typical but non-limiting temperatures are for example: 20 ℃, 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃ or 60 ℃ and the like.
For 5-20min, typical but not limiting times are for example: 5min, 10min, 15min or 20min and the like.
In a preferred embodiment, the method of using a coating that simulates dental plaque further comprises the steps of:
after the simulated dental plaque is formed, the dental model is cleaned, and then the sum of the tooth surface number of the simulated dental plaque on the dental model before and after cleaning and the area difference of the simulated dental plaque before and after cleaning are compared.
After the simulated dental plaque is formed, the simulated dental plaque is attached to the dental model, and the dental model is cleaned at this time. Then comparing the difference of the sum of the tooth surface numbers of the simulated dental plaque on the dental model before and after cleaning the dental model and the area difference of the simulated dental plaque before and after cleaning the dental model; the present invention is not limited to the method of comparison, and may be, for example, but not limited to, comparison by plaque index or digital photo analysis. Among these, there is the sum of the number of tooth surfaces that simulate plaque: the total number of the surfaces on the teeth is provided with simulated dental plaque, the total number of the surfaces on the teeth is counted before cleaning the teeth model, the statistics is carried out after cleaning, and then the difference of the total number of the surfaces of the simulated dental plaque before and after cleaning the teeth model is analyzed and compared; comparison of simulated plaque area differences: the invention is characterized in that the area of the simulated dental plaque is recorded before and after cleaning respectively, and then the difference before and after cleaning is compared, the invention does not limit the statistical method of the area of the simulated dental plaque before and after cleaning and the comparison method of the area difference of the simulated dental plaque before and after cleaning, can be manual visual inspection, a picture is taken and analyzed by software, or specific instrument measurement, software statistical analysis or the combination of the methods, as long as the sum of the number of the dental plaque simulated on the dental model before and after cleaning the dental model and the area difference of the simulated dental plaque before and after cleaning the dental model can be obtained, then the performance of different oral cleaning products can be compared according to the difference of the test results obtained before and after cleaning the dental model by different oral cleaning products, the cleaning effect with large difference before and after cleaning is good, and the cleaning effect with small difference before and after cleaning is poor. The detection method can also refer to a test method of dental plaque removal efficiency in toothpaste efficacy evaluation WS/T326-2010.
Preferably, the method for cleaning the dental cast comprises one or more of brushing teeth, flossing, brushing teeth in the gap, and rinsing teeth.
The method for cleaning the dental model adopts a mode of brushing teeth by using a toothbrush, for example, the cleaning performance of toothpaste and/or the toothbrush can be detected; flossing, for example, the flossing performance of adjacent plaque can be detected; interdental brush cleaning, for example, the cleaning performance of the interdental brush on adjacent dental plaque can be detected; the irrigator rinse, for example, may detect the cleaning performance of the irrigator.
Preferably, the dental cast is a sand-blasted dental cast.
The sand-blasted dental model is obtained after sand blasting, the roughness of the dental model can be increased through sand blasting, the surface tension of the dental surface is reduced, the adhesion of the coating is increased, the coating is more uniform, and the simulation effect is better.
Preferably, the material of the dental cast comprises a resin.
The resin is generally an organic polymer which has a softening or melting range after being heated, has a tendency to flow under an external force when softened, is in a solid, semi-solid or liquid state at room temperature, and may be any polymer compound which can be used as a processing raw material for plastic products. The resin material is easy to form, can be more easily prepared into a dental model with a smooth surface, has good tooth simulation effect, is corrosion resistant, is insensitive to the pH value of the coating for simulating dental plaque, is more durable, and has the advantage of lower cost.
Preferably, the resin comprises polymethyl methacrylate.
The polymethyl methacrylate material is easy to form, widely applied in a dental model, low in cost and easy to purchase.
Preferably, the method of brushing the teeth with the toothbrush is a pasteur brushing method.
The pasteurization tooth brushing method comprises the following steps: the Pasteur method of brushing teeth is also known as gingival sulcus cleaning or horizontal vibration. Is a method for effectively removing bacterial plaque near the gingival margin and in the gingival sulcus. The toothbrush and the long axis of the teeth form an angle of 45 degrees and point to the direction of the root tip (the upper teeth are upward, the lower teeth are downward). According to the gum-tooth junction area, a part of the bristles enters the gingival sulcus, a part of the bristles is paved on the gingival margin and extends into the adjacent gap as far as possible, and the bristles horizontally vibrate for 4-5 times in a short distance in the front-back direction in situ by using soft pressure. The toothbrush moves only about 1mm when shaken, brushing 2-3 teeth per time. When moving the toothbrush to the next set of teeth, attention is paid to the overlapping placement. The pasteurization tooth brushing method is preferably used, on one hand, the tooth brushing effect is better because the in-vivo and in-vitro results are needed for comparison in the research, and on the other hand, the operation mode of each tooth brushing process is easy to unify, so that the error is favorably reduced. The pasteurization tooth brushing method is more standard, and can brush teeth in more angles and all directions, so that the tooth brushing method can more effectively reduce errors. In formal use, since only in vitro is involved, for example: an electric toothbrush with controllable brushing force and time can be used.
In a fourth aspect, an oral cleaning product performance detection product includes a coating that simulates dental plaque.
Preferably, the oral cleaning product performance test product further comprises a dental cast.
The coating simulating dental plaque can be made into an oral cleaning product performance detection product for the oral cleaning products such as: the cleaning performance of a toothbrush, toothpaste, dental floss, an interdental brush, a tooth flushing device and the like is detected, and the oral cleaning product performance detection product has the advantages of being the same as the coating for simulating dental plaque, similar to the adhesion effect and the anti-friction performance of natural dental plaque, good in simulation effect and more accurate in detection result.
In a fifth aspect, a coating or oral cleaning product for simulating dental plaque is used in oral hygiene announcements. A plaque-simulating coating or oral cleaning product performance detection product can be used by oral hygiene personnel to perform oral hygiene propaganda and education on people to use oral cleaning products in a correct way, such as: the product for detecting the performance of the coating or the oral cleaning product for simulating dental plaque has the advantages of adhesion effect similar to natural dental plaque and anti-friction performance, visual visibility of naked eyes, good simulation effect and more accurate detection result.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples and comparative examples, but it should be understood that these examples are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way.
Example 1
The coating for simulating dental plaque comprises, by mass, 18 parts of corn starch, 5 parts of glycerol, 7 parts of a defoaming agent, 35 parts of water, 10 parts of ethanol and 16 parts of fuchsin.
Example 2
A coating simulating dental plaque comprises 35 parts of corn starch, 18 parts of water and 8 parts of fuchsin by mass.
Example 3
A coating simulating dental plaque comprises 30 parts of corn starch, 20 parts of water and 10 parts of carmine by mass.
Example 4
A coating simulating dental plaque comprises 20 parts of corn starch, 29 parts of water and 14 parts of carmine by mass.
Example 5
Example 5 differs from example 2 only in that 10 parts of glycerol and 10 parts of ethanol are added.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 2 only in that no magenta was added.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 2 only in that no corn starch is added.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 2 only in that no water is added.
Test examples
The plaque simulating coatings of the examples and comparative examples were tested as follows:
40 subjects were randomly selected and divided into 8 groups of 5 persons, and the 8 groups were: test groups of examples 1-5 and test groups of comparative examples 1-3; note: subjects were asked to stop oral hygiene cleaning measures for more than 24 hours prior to the experiment.
Dripping 2 drops of 1.5% alkaline fuchsin solution bacterial plaque indicator into the mouth of each subject, uniformly coating the fuchsin solution bacterial plaque indicator on the surface of the whole teeth by the subject through the tongue, keeping for 1min, gargling with clear water, and then taking digital photos (front photo, left and right cheek photo, left and right tongue photo) of the whole dentition.
Simulating dental plaque: the dental surfaces of the entire mouth of the dental model were uniformly coated in the same manner using a total of 8 kinds of the plaque simulating coatings of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3, and each plaque simulating coating was coated 5 times, taking 40 of the same polished polymethylmethacrylate dental model. After the application was carried out at 30 ℃ for 10min, the number of the plaque-adhering tooth surfaces was recorded, and images of the whole oral teeth (front photograph, right and left buccal photographs, right and left lingual photographs) were taken.
The tooth brushing method comprises the following steps: the same brushing force (25g) and brushing time (30 seconds per quadrant, averaging about 2 min/tooth) were used to brush teeth on their own whole mouth and on the coated model of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-3, respectively. After brushing, the number of plaque-attached surfaces (four surfaces, labial cheek, tongue palate, mesial and distal) was recorded, and images were taken of the subject's teeth and each dental model, respectively.
Note: the dosage of the toothpaste for brushing teeth is about 2g per time; the toothbrush is an electric toothbrush with a pressure sensor.
The quadrants (quadrats) are four areas divided by the horizontal axis and the vertical axis in a planar rectangular coordinate system (cartesian coordinate system), and each area is called a Quadrant.
After each procedure, the number of Plaque attached to the tooth surface (four surfaces, buccal, lingual, palatal, mesial, and distal) was examined and recorded using an O' left Plaque Record Card; all teeth were examined and recorded using the Silness & Loe plaque index recording index scoring the thickness of dental plaque and not the plaque coverage area, 6 sites per tooth (buccal mesial, buccal central, buccal distal central, lingual mesial, lingual central, lingual distal central)
Silness & Loe plaque index
0 ═ no plaque in gingival margin
The tooth surface of the gingival margin area has thin bacterial plaque which cannot be seen by visual examination, and the side surface of the probe tip can scrape the bacterial plaque
2-equal amount of bacterial plaque found at the gingival margin or adjacent surface
3, there are a lot of soft scale in the sulcus or marginal area and adjacent surface
Method of recording dental plaque: the percentage of Plaque before brushing, after brushing without toothpaste, and after brushing with toothpaste was calculated using the O' Leary Plaque Record formula.
Tooth surface number is the total number of teeth to be inspected multiplied by 4
The bacterial plaque percentage is the number of tooth surfaces with bacterial plaque/number of tooth surfaces multiplied by 100 percent
A dental plaque calculation method comprises the following steps: the bacterial plaque percentage is same as that of the oral bacterial plaque calculation method, and the bacterial plaque index adopts a professional digital camera (Nikon D750, a lens EF 105mm f/2.JY670N, a ring flash lamp is matched) under the same condition (the sensitivity is 200, the exposure mode is aperture priority, the aperture size adopts f/11, and the synchronous shutter speed is 1/100). The interval was constant at 20cm by using 9-picture photographing method. The digital images taken were passed through a "magnetic lasso tool" in Adobe Photoshop CC. Taking all dental surfaces as the study subjects, the image processing software ImageJ calculates the plaque index for 6 sites per tooth (buccal mesial, buccal central, buccal distal central, lingual mesial, lingual central, lingual distal) according to the pixel intensity, the plaque index being, for example: 0. 1, 2, 3
The analysis method comprises the following steps: analysis was performed using SPSS software. P <0.05 was statistically significant for differences using paired t-tests.
The test results are shown in tables 1-4. The results show that: as shown in tables 1-3, the difference in the number of plaque areas and the difference in the proportion of the stained area of plaque on the subjects and the dental cast in examples 1-5 before brushing were not statistically significant (P.gtoreq.0.05), indicating that the number of plaque areas and the plaque area on the subjects and dental cast in the formulations of examples 1-5 were the same before brushing. ② after brushing teeth, the difference of the number of the dental plaque surfaces and the ratio of the staining areas of the dental plaque of each group of the test subjects and the dental model in examples 1-5 has no statistical significance (P is less than or equal to 0.01), which shows that the number of the dental plaque surfaces and the dental plaque areas of the test subjects and the dental model in each group of the formula are the same after brushing teeth, and the anti-cleaning friction capacity of the dye is similar to that of natural dental plaque. And thirdly, as shown in table 4, the ratio of the number of the dental plaque surfaces and the staining area of the dental plaque of each group of test subjects after the test is obviously reduced compared with that before the test, and the difference has statistical significance (P is less than 0.05), which shows that the number of the dental plaque surfaces and the staining area of the dental plaque of the test subjects are obviously reduced after the test is carried out under the same condition.
TABLE 1 plaque & tooth surface count results in intraoral and dental cast
TABLE 2 Silness & Loe plaque index results for intraoral and dental models
TABLE 3 intraoral and dental plaque area count results for dental models
TABLE 4 dental plaque removal before and after brushing teeth comparison (x + -s)
As can be seen from the test results of examples 1-5 in tables 1-3, the coatings for simulating dental plaque obtained in examples 1-5 can better simulate dental plaque in vitro, and the dental plaque tooth surface count results of the mouth and the dental model, the Silness & Loe dental plaque index results of the mouth and the dental model, and the dental plaque area count results of the mouth and the dental model are all relatively close, so that the coatings have relatively good simulation effect.
As can be seen from the test results of examples 1 to 5 in Table 4, the plaque-simulating coatings obtained in examples 1 to 5 have no obvious difference in plaque removal effect before and after brushing and have good simulation effect when applied to teeth or dental models.
As can be seen from the detection results of example 1 and example 2 in tables 1-4, the addition of the wetting agent and the defoaming agent has better simulation effect.
As can be seen from the detection results of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 in tables 1 to 4, the ratio of starch, water and dye is optimized, and the simulation effect can be improved.
As can be seen from the detection results of the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 in tables 1 to 4, the ratio of the starch, the water and the dye is optimized, and the simulation effect can be improved.
As can be seen from the results of the tests of examples 2 and 5 in tables 1-4, the oral plaque can be better simulated in vitro after the addition of the humectants glycerol and ethanol.
Since comparative example 1 did not add magenta, the coating simulating dental plaque could not develop color and could not simulate dental plaque.
Since comparative example 2 did not add starch, the coating material simulating dental plaque did not adhere well and could not simulate dental plaque.
Since comparative example 3 has no diluent water added, the concentration of starch and fuchsin is too high, the coating is difficult to brush after simulating dental plaque, and the performance of different oral cleaning products cannot be compared.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
Claims (18)
1. A method of using a coating to simulate dental plaque, comprising the steps of:
keeping the dental model coated with the coating simulating dental plaque at 20-60 deg.C for 5-20min to form simulated dental plaque;
cleaning the dental model after the simulated dental plaque is formed, and comparing the sum of the tooth surface numbers of the simulated dental plaque on the dental model before and after cleaning with the area difference of the simulated dental plaque before and after cleaning;
the method for cleaning the dental cast comprises one or more of tooth brushing by a toothbrush, dental floss cleaning, interdental brush cleaning or rinsing by a tooth rinsing device;
the dental model is a sand-blasting dental model;
the material of the dental cast comprises resin;
the resin comprises polymethyl methacrylate;
the toothbrush adopts a pasteurization tooth brushing method;
the coating for simulating dental plaque comprises, by mass, 8-40 parts of starch, 15-55 parts of diluent, 8-25 parts of dye, 10-30 parts of wetting agent and 4-16 parts of defoaming agent;
the humectant comprises glycerin and ethanol.
2. The method of using a coating for simulating dental plaque according to claim 1 wherein said coating material comprises 10-30 parts starch, 20-50 parts diluent and 10-20 parts dye.
3. The method of using a coating for simulating dental plaque according to claim 1 wherein said coating material comprises 16-20 parts starch, 29-45 parts diluent and 14-18 parts dye.
4. The method of using a coating that mimics dental plaque as in claim 1, wherein said diluent comprises one or more of water, saline or PBS.
5. The method of using a plaque-mimicking coating according to claim 1, wherein the diluent is water.
6. The method of using a coating that mimics dental plaque according to claim 1, wherein said dye comprises a natural dye and/or an artificial dye.
7. The method of using a plaque-mimicking coating according to claim 1, wherein the dye comprises an artificial dye.
8. The method of using a plaque-mimicking coating according to claim 7, wherein the artificial dye comprises fuchsin.
9. The method of using a coating simulating dental plaque according to claim 1 wherein said humectant is present in an amount of 10 to 20 parts by weight.
10. The method of using a coating that simulates dental plaque according to claim 1 wherein the wetting agent is 15 parts by mass.
11. The method of using a coating that mimics dental plaque according to claim 1, wherein said anti-foaming agent is present in 6-10 parts.
12. The method of using a coating that mimics dental plaque according to claim 1, wherein said anti-foaming agent is present in 6-8 parts.
13. The method of using a coating for simulating dental plaque according to claim 1 wherein said antifoaming agent comprises one or more of silicone emulsion, higher alcohol fatty acid ester complex, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene amine ether, polyoxypropylene glycerol ether and polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene glycerol ether or polydimethylsiloxane.
14. The method of using a plaque-mimicking coating according to claim 1, wherein the defoamer further comprises a combination of triethanolamine stearate and aluminum stearate.
15. The method of using a plaque-mimicking coating according to claim 14, wherein the higher alcohol fatty acid ester complex comprises stearyl stearate.
16. The method of using a plaque-mimicking coating according to claim 1, wherein the antifoaming agent comprises a combination of stearyl stearate and triethanolamine stearate with aluminum stearate.
17. The method of using a coating simulating dental plaque according to any one of claims 1-16 wherein the coating raw materials comprise, by mass fraction, 16-20 parts of starch, 5 parts of glycerin, 6-8 parts of an antifoaming agent, 29-45 parts of water, 10 parts of ethanol, and 14-18 parts of fuchsin.
18. The method of using a plaque-mimicking paint according to claim 1, wherein the plaque-mimicking paint is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
and mixing the starch, the diluent, the dye, the wetting agent and the defoaming agent according to the formula ratio to obtain the coating simulating dental plaque.
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