CN109369247A - A kind of granular urea preparation method containing Humic acid synergistic carrier suitable for acid soil - Google Patents
A kind of granular urea preparation method containing Humic acid synergistic carrier suitable for acid soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109369247A CN109369247A CN201811328556.8A CN201811328556A CN109369247A CN 109369247 A CN109369247 A CN 109369247A CN 201811328556 A CN201811328556 A CN 201811328556A CN 109369247 A CN109369247 A CN 109369247A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of granular urea preparation method containing Humic acid synergistic carrier suitable for acid soil, which includes the preparation of humic acid extractant, the preparation of humic acid extracting solution, the preparation of Humic acid synergistic carrier and the granular urea preparation of the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic.The granular urea that the present invention contains Humic acid synergistic carrier can improve the conversion rate of urea by promoting granular urea 1cm fertilizer border soil pH (0.3~1 unit), urea is substantially less than commercial urea processing in fertile border 2cm, humic acid urea of the present invention improves 9.7% compared with the rice yield of commercial urea, and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves 8.3 percentage points.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizer production.More particularly it relates to a kind of containing suitable for acid soil
The granular urea preparation method of Humic acid synergistic carrier.
[background technique]
Urea is the most important nitrogen fertilizers in China, but its need to be converted into ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen after just can be by crop
It is absorbed and utilized.China's acidified soil area accounts for about the 23% of national total area, and most area soil pHs are 5.5 hereinafter, serious person
Lower than 4.5, and acidizing degree and area are still increasing.Since the microbial activity of acid soil is low, urease activity is in extremely low
Level, urea is slower to ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen conversion rate, is not able to satisfy demand of the plant growth critical period to nitrogen, by
It in urea nonpolarity, is easy to be moved to other than root layer with irrigation water or runoff, leads to nutrient loss and environmental risk.Therefore, exist
Acid soil application urea should not only slow down its conversion, and should accelerate its conversion rate.China's mineral sources humic acid material
Abundant, low in cost, but traditional humic acid molecular weight is larger, it is living to can inhibit soil urease for the functional groups such as quinonyl therein, ketone group
Property, it is unfavorable for urea conversion.At present the research and development of urea synergistic carrier are concentrated on how enhancing with the slow release and stability of urea.
Using mineral sources humic acid as primary raw material, how to prepare and raising is urinated with Humic acid synergistic carrier suitable for the urea of acid soil
Plain utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is particularly significant, but basic research and product development extremely lag.
CN 102584498A discloses a kind of humic acid urea and preparation method thereof, extracts weathered coal/lignite with sig water
Humic acid prepares Humic acid synergistic liquid, by it in conjunction with urea production process, produces Humic acid synergistic urea, has and inhibit soil
Earth urease activity, the effect for reducing loss of nitrogen fertilizer.CN 104725141A discloses a kind of rotten plant with ammonia volatilization inhibiting effect
Sour fertilizer synergist and preparation method thereof, with humic acid, strain, carbon source, nitrogen source, middle microelement, film forming agent etc. for material
Preparation, is mainly used as giving urea granules coating, reduces its volatilization loss.It yet there are no the corruption in relation to being suitable for acid soil
The patent application of phytic acid urea and its related data.
Therefore, the present inventor, for technical problem of the existing technology, passes through on the basis for summarizing the prior art
Lot of experiments and analysis work, complete the present invention finally.
[summary of the invention]
[technical problems to be solved]
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of granular urea preparations containing Humic acid synergistic carrier suitable for acid soil
Method.
[technical solution]
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
The present invention relates to a kind of granular urea preparation methods containing Humic acid synergistic carrier suitable for acid soil.
The step of preparation method, is as follows:
A, prepared by humic acid extractant
2~5 parts by weight potassium salicylates, which are added to 100~200 parts by weight temperature with 1~3 parts by weight dimethylformamide, is
In 60~70 DEG C of water, stirring and dissolving is cooling, obtains the humic acid extractant；
B, prepared by humic acid extracting solution
100 parts by weight humic acid minerals raw materials are added to 800~1500 parts by weight to extract in the humic acid that step A is obtained
In agent, its temperature is then gradually increased to 90 DEG C under stiring, and keeps 40~60min at this temperature, is then cooled to
Room temperature, centrifuge separation, precipitating discard, and obtain the humic acid extracting solution；
C, prepared by Humic acid synergistic carrier
By concentration by weight 2% peroxophosphoric acid and concentration by weight 2% nitric acid mixed according to weight ratio 1:1, obtain
To a kind of nitration mixture；The nitration mixture is added slowly in the humic acid extracting solution that step B is obtained, the pH value of its extracting solution is adjusted to
3~5,60~80 DEG C of temperature are then heated to, under stiring, is slowly added to 20~60 into 1000 parts by weight humic acid extracting solutions
Parts by weight concentration is 10% hydrogen peroxide and 5 parts by weight benzoyl peroxides by volume, then reacts 120min, adds 10
Parts by weight uronic acid, 10 parts by weight oligosaccharide and 10 parts by weight sugar alcohols, continue to be stirred to react 60min, add 10~20 weight
Part polyoxyethylene ether and 2~5 parts by weight O-phthalic alkanol amides, it is cooling, using potassium pyrophosphate aqueous solution by its pH value tune
Section obtains the Humic acid synergistic carrier to 7.5~9.0；
D, the granular urea preparation of the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic
It is 40~75 DEG C that the obtained Humic acid synergistic carrier of 5~50 parts by weight step C, which is added to 1000 parts by weight temperature,
Granular urea in, be followed by stirring for 2~3min, be uniformly mixed, then dried at 100 DEG C of temperature, obtain carrying containing Humic acid synergistic
The granular urea of body.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, in step, potassium salicylate, dimethylformamide and water
Weight ratio is 2.4~4.2:1.2~2.8:120~180.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, in step, it will be stirred under conditions of 60~240rpm of revolving speed
It mixes the solution that dissolution obtains and is cooled to 35 DEG C of temperature or less.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, in stepb, the humic acid minerals raw material is weathered coal
Or lignite, the granularity of the humic acid minerals raw material are 150~300 mesh.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, in stepb, under the conditions of 1000~5000rpm of revolving speed from
The heart separates 5~30min.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, in step C, the uronic acid is glucuronic acid or half
Lactobionic acid.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, in step C, the oligosaccharide is malto-oligosaccharide or big
Beans oligosaccharide；The sugar alcohol is D-sorbite, maltitol or xylitol.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, in step C, polyoxyethylene ether and phthalic acid alkane is added
Its solution is cooled to 10~40 DEG C of temperature after base amide.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, in step C, the concentration of the potassium pyrophosphate aqueous solution is 1
~5mol/L.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, the partial size of the granular urea of the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic is
1~10mm.
The present invention is described in more detail below.
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of granular urea containing Humic acid synergistic carrier suitable for acid soil.
The step of preparation method, is as follows:
A, the preparation of humic acid extractant
2~5 parts by weight potassium salicylates, which are added to 100~200 parts by weight temperature with 1~3 parts by weight dimethylformamide, is
In 60~70 DEG C of water, stirring and dissolving is cooling, obtains the humic acid extractant.
In the present invention, on the one hand the potassium salicylate can dissolve in alkalinity, potassium salicylate and extract humic acid, another party
Face can enrich the carboxyl and hydroxy functional group of humic acid.The potassium salicylate that the present invention uses is current market sales of product,
Such as the product that Wuhan Bell card biological medicine Co., Ltd is sold with trade name potassium salicylate sodium.
Dimethylformamide is organic base, can be reacted with acidic-groups such as carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl groups in humic acid to be formed it is water-soluble
Property humic acid.The dimethylformamide that the present invention uses is current market sales of product, such as is had by the positive chemical industry of Nanjing section
The product that limit company is sold with trade name N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF).
In the present invention, when the dosage of dimethylformamide is in the range, if potassium salicylate dosage is lower than 2 weight
Part, then humic acid recovery rate can be reduced, the effect of its functional group is limited to enriching；If sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate dosage is higher than 5 parts by weight,
Then can humic acid extracting solution alkalinity it is too strong, influence the oxidation effectiveness of next step.Therefore, the dosage of potassium salicylate is 2~5 parts by weight
It is suitable, preferably 3~4 parts by weight.
It, can if the dosage of dimethylformamide is lower than 1 parts by weight when the content of potassium salicylate is in the range
Reduce humic acid recovery rate；If the dosage of dimethylformamide is higher than 3 parts by weight, it will lead in humic acid extraction process
Liquid bubble is excessive, and tiny impurity is mixed in humic acid liquid, the humic acid liquid purity decline of extraction；Therefore, dimethyl
The dosage of formamide is that 1~3 parts by weight are suitable, preferably 1.5~2.5 parts by weight.
Preferably, the weight ratio of potassium salicylate, dimethylformamide and water is 2.4~4.2:1.2~2.8:120~180.
According to the present invention, stirring and dissolving is obtained under conditions of 60~240rpm of revolving speed by raw materials such as dimethylformamides
Solution is cooled to 35 DEG C of temperature or less.
B, the extraction of humic acid
100 parts by weight humic acid minerals raw materials are added to 800~1500 parts by weight to extract in the humic acid that step A is obtained
In agent, its temperature is then gradually increased to 90 DEG C under stiring, and keeps 40~60min at this temperature, is then cooled to
Room temperature, centrifuge separation, sediment discard, and obtain the humic acid extracting solution.
According to the present invention, the humic acid minerals raw material is weathered coal or lignite.
Weathered coal be earth's surface or shallow-layer lignite, bituminous coal and anthracite be subjected to for a long time atmosphere, sunlight, sleet, underground water with
And the product of the comprehensive functions such as minerals erosion.Weathered coal humic acid total content is usually 30~70%, reach as high as 80% with
On.
Lignite is the minimum pit coal of degree of coalification, a kind of brownish black between peat and pitch coal, lacklustre
Rudimentary coal.
According to the present invention, weathered coal or lignite are crushed using existing conventional crushing plant, collect granularity be 150~
The humic acid minerals raw material of 300 mesh carries out preparing humic acid extracting solution.
In the present invention, when humic acid minerals raw material is 100 parts by weight, if the humic acid extractant dosage is lower than
800 parts by weight, then will lead to that liquid is thick to be difficult to carry out subsequent centrifugal treating；If the humic acid extractant dosage is higher than
1500 parts by weight then will lead to humic acid extracting solution water content height, influence humic acid synergistic carrier answering in urea of the present invention
With.Therefore, it is appropriate that the humic acid extractant dosage, which is 800~1500 parts by weight,.
In this step, humic acid minerals raw material and humic acid are extracted in the case where revolving speed is the stirring of 100~160rpm
The temperature of agent composition is gradually increased to 90 DEG C, and keeps 40~60min at this temperature.Its Extracting temperature and extraction time are super
It is worthless for crossing the range.If extraction time is shorter than 40min, humic acid is extracted not exclusively, and humic acid is caused to lose；
If extraction time is more than 60min, the energy consumption for extracting humic acid is caused to increase, increased costs.Therefore, humic acid extraction time
It is feasible for 40~60min.
According to the present invention, the extract being cooled to room temperature is centrifuged under the conditions of 1000~5000rpm of revolving speed using centrifuge
Separate 5~30min.The centrifuge is the product sold on existing market, such as is had by ShangHai City centrifugal Machine Institute
Limit company separates the product of sleeping spiral shell sedimentation centrifuge sale with trade name two-phase.
C, the preparation of Humic acid synergistic carrier
By concentration by weight 2% peroxophosphoric acid and concentration by weight 2% nitric acid mixed according to weight ratio 1:1, obtain
To a kind of nitration mixture；The nitration mixture is added slowly in the humic acid extracting solution that step B is obtained, the pH value of its extracting solution is adjusted to
3~5,60~80 DEG C of temperature are then heated to, under stiring, is slowly added to 20~60 into 1000 parts by weight humic acid extracting solutions
Parts by weight concentration is 10% hydrogen peroxide and 5 parts by weight benzoyl peroxides by volume, then reacts 120min, adds 10
Parts by weight uronic acid, 10 parts by weight oligosaccharide and 10 parts by weight sugar alcohols, continue to be stirred to react 60min, add 10~20 weight
Part polyoxyethylene ether and 2~5 parts by weight O-phthalic alkanol amides, it is cooling, using potassium pyrophosphate aqueous solution by its pH value tune
Section obtains the Humic acid synergistic carrier to 7.5~9.0.
In the present invention, peroxophosphoric acid had not only been adjusted the pH of humic acid extracting solution, but also can be with the metals such as calcium, magnesium in humic acid
Ion chelating.Nitric acid can make the aromatic ring of humic acid access nitro, to improve the dissolubility of humic acid.
In the present invention, the effect of hydrogen peroxide is that humic acid is oxidized to small molecule in acid condition.If adjusting pH
Extracting solution be not heated to temperature 60 C, and dioxygen water consumption is lower than 20 parts by weight, weaker to the oxidability of humic acid, difficult
Humic acid is oxidized to small molecule；If the extracting solution for adjusting pH is heated to 80 DEG C of temperature or more, and dioxygen water consumption is more than 60
Parts by weight, it is too strong to the oxidation of humic acid, cause small molecule humic acid to lose
The benzoyl peroxide is a kind of organic oxidizing agent, and the stability of oxidation process can be improved in it, and the present invention makes
Benzoyl peroxide is current market sales of product, such as Guangzhou Sanming City Chemical Co., Ltd. with trade name peroxide
Change the product of benzoyl sale.
In the present invention, the uronic acid is glucuronic acid or galacturonic acid, and the oligosaccharide is that malt is low
Glycan, soyabean oligosaccharides, the sugar alcohol are D-sorbite, maltitol or xylitol, their major function is to provide corruption
Phytic acid aldehyde radical and small molecule carbon source improve soil urease liveness.They are all current market sales of products, such as Beijing is triumphant
Product that Sen Lai Science and Technology Ltd. is sold with trade name D-Glucose aldehydic acid, Shanghai Guan Dao bioengineering Co., Ltd are with commodity
The product of name D- galacturonic acid sale, hundred garden Long Chuan biotech inc of Shandong is with trade name malto-oligosaccharide pin
The product that the product sold, Yucheng City Heng Yi Biotechnology Co., Ltd are sold with trade name D-sorbite.
The polyoxyethylene ether has both resin and nonionic surfactant performance, can not only be used for stationary phase and further subtracts
Slow movement of the urea in the soil liquid, and as bleeding agent, promote the combination of humic acid and urea.The phthalic acid
Alkylamide is nonionic surfactant, has not only enhanced the osmotic effect of polyoxyethylene ether, but also improve synergistic carrier stability.This
It invents the polyoxyethylene ether used and O-phthalic alkanol amides is all current market sales of product, such as by Jiangsu Province
Product that Hai'an petrochemical plant is sold with trade name polyoxyethylene ether polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether -7 is indulged the limited public affairs of space chemical science and technology by Guangzhou
Take charge of the product sold with trade name suspension stabilizer TAB-2 O-phthalic alkanol amides.
In the present invention, polyoxyethylene ether dosage is 10~20 parts by weight, if polyoxyethylene ether dosage is lower than 10 weight
Part, then dispersion and permeance property are unobvious；If polyoxyethylene ether dosage is higher than 20 parts by weight, synergistic carrier viscosity is excessively high；
Therefore, it is appropriate that polyoxyethylene ether dosage, which is 10~20 parts by weight,.
Similarly, O-phthalic alkanol amides dosage is 2~5 parts by weight, if O-phthalic alkanol amides dosage
It is lower than 2 parts by weight, then not significant to the osmotic effect for strengthening polyoxyethylene ether；If O-phthalic alkanol amides dosage is higher than
5 parts by weight then influence the dispersion performance of polyoxyethylene ether；Therefore, O-phthalic alkanol amides dosage is that 2~5 parts by weight are
Appropriate.
According to the present invention, be added after polyoxyethylene ether and O-phthalic alkanol amides by its solution be cooled to temperature 10~
40℃。
In the present invention, potassium pyrophosphate can extract the humic acid for adding polyoxyethylene ether and O-phthalic alkanol amides
The pH of liquid is adjusted to alkalescent, and the water solubility of calcium and magnesium ion can be improved.If this pH is less than 7.5, the Humic acid synergistic
The concentration and mobility of carrier reduce；If this pH is greater than 9, the alkalinity of the Humic acid synergistic carrier is higher, is not suitable for adding
It is added in urea.According to the present invention, the concentration of the potassium pyrophosphate aqueous solution is 1~5mol/L.
D, the granular urea preparation of the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic
It is 40~75 DEG C that the obtained Humic acid synergistic carrier of 5~50 parts by weight step C, which is added to 1000 parts by weight temperature,
Granular urea in, be followed by stirring for 2~3min, be uniformly mixed, then dried at 100 DEG C of temperature, obtain carrying containing Humic acid synergistic
The granular urea of body.
In the present invention, the dosage of the Humic acid synergistic carrier is 10~50 parts by weight, if its dosage is lower than 10 weight
Part, then the granular urea application effect containing Humic acid synergistic carrier prepared is not significant；If its dosage is higher than 50 parts by weight,
It is excessively high to will cause urea water content, easily agglomerates.
The temperature of granular urea be 40~75 DEG C be in order to promote the moisture in Humic acid synergistic carrier suitably to evaporate, if this
A temperature is lower than 40 DEG C, and moisture evaporated slowly, and urea granules melt bonding；If this temperature is higher than 75 DEG C, moisture steaming will lead to
It sends out too fast, is unfavorable for humic acid and penetrates into urea granules.
[beneficial effect]
Beneficial effects of the present invention: humic acid urea of the invention can promote granular urea fertilizer border soil pH, improve acid
Soil urease liveness improves utilization rate of the urea nitrogenous fertilizer on acid soil to accelerate conversion of the urea to ammonium.
It is mono- that Humic acid synergistic carrier prepared by the present invention can be obviously improved granular urea 1cm fertilizer border 0.3~1 pH of soil pH
Position；Urea amount is substantially less than commercial urea processing in fertile border 2cm, illustrates the granular urea containing Humic acid synergistic carrier of the present invention
It decomposes and conversion rate is obviously accelerated.
Experiments have shown that humic acid urea of the present invention improves 9.7% compared with the rice yield of commercial urea, utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is improved
8.3 percentage point.
[specific embodiment]
It will be better understood that the present invention by following embodiments.
One, embodiment is prepared
Embodiment 1: the granular urea preparation containing Humic acid synergistic carrier suitable for acid soil
The implementation steps of the embodiment are as follows:
A, prepared by humic acid extractant
4 parts by weight potassium salicylates and 3.0 parts by weight dimethylformamides are added to the water that 200 parts by weight temperature are 64 DEG C
In, stirring and dissolving under conditions of revolving speed 180rpm, obtained solution is cooled to 35 DEG C of temperature hereinafter, obtaining the humic acid
Extractant；
B, prepared by humic acid extracting solution
The weathered coal humic acid raw mineral materials that 100 parts by weight granularities are 150 mesh is added to 1000 parts by weight to obtain in step A
To humic acid extractant in, its temperature is then gradually increased to 90 DEG C under stiring, and keep 54min at this temperature,
It is then cooled to room temperature, is centrifugated 20min under conditions of revolving speed 2000rpm, precipitating discards, and obtains the humic acid and mentions
Take liquid；
C, prepared by Humic acid synergistic carrier
It is that the nitric acid that 2% peroxophosphoric acid is by weight 2% with concentration by weight is mixed according to weight ratio 1:1 by concentration
It is even, obtain a kind of nitration mixture；The nitration mixture is added slowly in the humic acid extracting solution that step B is obtained, by the pH value of its extracting solution
5.0 are adjusted to, is then heated to 80 DEG C of temperature, under stiring, is slowly added to 20 weights into 1000 parts by weight humic acid extracting solutions
Part concentration is measured as 10% hydrogen peroxide and 5 parts by weight benzoyl peroxides by volume, 120min is then reacted, adds 10 weights
Part glucuronic acid, 10 parts by weight malto-oligosaccharides and 10 parts by weight xylitols are measured, continues to be stirred to react 60min, adds 16
Parts by weight of polyoxyethylene ether and 2 parts by weight O-phthalic alkanol amides, are cooled to 32 DEG C of temperature, the use of concentration are 4mol/L's
Its pH value is adjusted to 7.5 by potassium pyrophosphate aqueous solution, obtains the Humic acid synergistic carrier.
D, the granular urea preparation of the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic
The obtained Humic acid synergistic carrier of 20 parts by weight step C is added to the particle that 1000 parts by weight temperature are 40 DEG C to urinate
In element, it is followed by stirring for 2min, is uniformly mixed, then dried at 100 DEG C of temperature, the particle urine of the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic is obtained
Element.
Embodiment 2: the granular urea preparation containing Humic acid synergistic carrier suitable for acid soil
The implementation steps of the embodiment are as follows:
A, prepared by humic acid extractant
5 parts by weight potassium salicylates and 2.4 parts by weight dimethylformamides are added to the water that 140 parts by weight temperature are 70 DEG C
In, stirring and dissolving under conditions of revolving speed 60rpm, obtained solution is cooled to 35 DEG C of temperature hereinafter, obtaining the humic acid
Extractant；
B, prepared by humic acid extracting solution
The weathered coal humic acid raw mineral materials that 100 parts by weight granularities are 300 mesh is added to 1500 parts by weight to obtain in step A
To humic acid extractant in, its temperature is then gradually increased to 90 DEG C under stiring, and keep 40min at this temperature,
It is then cooled to room temperature, is centrifugated 30min under conditions of revolving speed 4000rpm, precipitating discards, and obtains the humic acid and mentions
Take liquid；
C, prepared by Humic acid synergistic carrier
It is that the nitric acid that 2% peroxophosphoric acid is by weight 2% with concentration by weight is mixed according to weight ratio 1:1 by concentration
It is even, obtain a kind of nitration mixture；The nitration mixture is added slowly in the humic acid extracting solution that step B is obtained, by the pH value of its extracting solution
3.6 are adjusted to, is then heated to 74 DEG C of temperature, under stiring, is slowly added to 32 weights into 1000 parts by weight humic acid extracting solutions
Part concentration is measured as 10% hydrogen peroxide and 5 parts by weight benzoyl peroxides by volume, 120min is then reacted, adds 10 weights
Part galacturonic acid, 10 parts by weight of soybean oligosaccharide and 10 parts by weight maltitols are measured, continues to be stirred to react 60min, add
10 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene ethers and 3 parts by weight O-phthalic alkanol amides, are cooled to 10 DEG C of temperature, the use of concentration are 1mol/L
Potassium pyrophosphate aqueous solution its pH value is adjusted to 9.0, obtain the Humic acid synergistic carrier.
D, the granular urea preparation of the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic
The obtained Humic acid synergistic carrier of 5 parts by weight step C is added to the particle that 1000 parts by weight temperature are 52 DEG C to urinate
In element, it is followed by stirring for 3min, is uniformly mixed, then dried at 100 DEG C of temperature, the particle urine of the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic is obtained
Element.
Embodiment 3: the granular urea preparation containing Humic acid synergistic carrier suitable for acid soil
The implementation steps of the embodiment are as follows:
A, prepared by humic acid extractant
2 parts by weight potassium salicylates and 1.6 parts by weight dimethylformamides are added to the water that 170 parts by weight temperature are 60 DEG C
In, stirring and dissolving under conditions of revolving speed 120rpm, obtained solution is cooled to 35 DEG C of temperature hereinafter, obtaining the humic acid
Extractant；
B, prepared by humic acid extracting solution
The lignite humic acid raw mineral materials that 100 parts by weight granularities are 200 mesh is added to 1200 parts by weight to obtain in step A
Humic acid extractant in, its temperature is then gradually increased to 90 DEG C under stiring, and keep 48min at this temperature, connect
Be cooled to room temperature, be centrifugated 10min under conditions of revolving speed 1000rpm, precipitating discards, and obtains the humic acid and extracts
Liquid；
C, prepared by Humic acid synergistic carrier
It is that the nitric acid that 2% peroxophosphoric acid is by weight 2% with concentration by weight is mixed according to weight ratio 1:1 by concentration
It is even, obtain a kind of nitration mixture；The nitration mixture is added slowly in the humic acid extracting solution that step B is obtained, by the pH value of its extracting solution
3.0 are adjusted to, temperature 60 C is then heated to, under stiring, is slowly added to 46 weights into 1000 parts by weight humic acid extracting solutions
Part concentration is measured as 10% hydrogen peroxide and 5 parts by weight benzoyl peroxides by volume, 120min is then reacted, adds 10 weights
It measures part glucuronic acid and galacturonic acid blend (weight ratio 1:2), 10 parts by weight malto-oligosaccharides and soyabean oligosaccharides is mixed
Object (weight ratio 1:1) and 10 parts by weight D-sorbites are closed, continues to be stirred to react 60min, adds 20 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene ethers
With 5 parts by weight O-phthalic alkanol amides, 25 DEG C of temperature are cooled to, it will using the potassium pyrophosphate aqueous solution that concentration is 5mol/L
Its pH value is adjusted to 8.0, obtains the Humic acid synergistic carrier.
D, the granular urea preparation of the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic
The obtained Humic acid synergistic carrier of 35 parts by weight step C is added to the particle that 1000 parts by weight temperature are 62 DEG C to urinate
In element, it is followed by stirring for 2min, is uniformly mixed, then dried at 100 DEG C of temperature, the particle urine of the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic is obtained
Element.
Embodiment 4: the granular urea preparation containing Humic acid synergistic carrier suitable for acid soil
The implementation steps of the embodiment are as follows:
A, prepared by humic acid extractant
3 parts by weight potassium salicylates and 1.0 parts by weight dimethylformamides are added to the water that 100 parts by weight temperature are 68 DEG C
In, stirring and dissolving under conditions of revolving speed 240rpm, obtained solution is cooled to 35 DEG C of temperature hereinafter, obtaining the humic acid
Extractant；
B, prepared by humic acid extracting solution
The lignite humic acid raw mineral materials that 100 parts by weight granularities are 250 mesh is added to 800 parts by weight to obtain in step A
Humic acid extractant in, its temperature is then gradually increased to 90 DEG C under stiring, and keep 60min at this temperature, connect
Be cooled to room temperature, be centrifugated 5min under conditions of revolving speed 5000rpm, precipitating discards, and obtains the humic acid and extracts
Liquid；
C, prepared by Humic acid synergistic carrier
It is that the nitric acid that 2% peroxophosphoric acid is by weight 2% with concentration by weight is mixed according to weight ratio 1:1 by concentration
It is even, obtain a kind of nitration mixture；The nitration mixture is added slowly in the humic acid extracting solution that step B is obtained, by the pH value of its extracting solution
4.4 are adjusted to, is then heated to 66 DEG C of temperature, under stiring, is slowly added to 60 weights into 1000 parts by weight humic acid extracting solutions
Part concentration is measured as 10% hydrogen peroxide and 5 parts by weight benzoyl peroxides by volume, 120min is then reacted, adds 10 weights
It measures part glucuronic acid and galacturonic acid blend (weight ratio 3:1), 10 parts by weight malto-oligosaccharides and soyabean oligosaccharides is mixed
Object (weight ratio 1:2) and 10 parts by weight D-sorbites, maltitol and xylitol blend (weight ratio 1:2:1) are closed, continues to stir
Reaction 60min is mixed, 14 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene ethers and 4 parts by weight O-phthalic alkanol amides is added, is cooled to temperature 40
DEG C, its pH value is adjusted to 8.5 using the potassium pyrophosphate aqueous solution that concentration is 2mol/L, the Humic acid synergistic is obtained and carries
Body.
D, the granular urea preparation of the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic
The obtained Humic acid synergistic carrier of 50 parts by weight step C is added to the particle that 1000 parts by weight temperature are 75 DEG C to urinate
In element, it is followed by stirring for 3min, is uniformly mixed, then dried at 100 DEG C of temperature, the particle urine of the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic is obtained
Element.
Two, test example
Test example 1: the granular urea fertilizer border soil pH of present invention carrier containing Humic acid synergistic, urea nitrogen with it is commercially available
Urea compares
Sample preparation: the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic prepared by 150g embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 4 is weighed respectively
They are placed in length × width × height=5cm × 5cm × 5cm, the stainless steel wire of aperture 0.5mm by granular urea (humic acid urea)
In net mold, square humic acid urea A (embodiment 1), square humic acid urea B (embodiment 2), square corruption plant are obtained
Uraturia element C (embodiment 3) sample.Commercial urea is handled in the same way, obtains square control sample U.
Test procedure: respectively by square control sample U, square humic acid urea block A, B, C be placed in water content be with
In the red soil (Nanchang) of poidometer 19%, compacting soil to bulk density 1.3 is cultivated 12 hours at 25 ± 2 DEG C of temperature.Culture
After, it is cut out respectively with blade apart from square humic acid urea edge 1.5-2.0cm, 1.0-1.5cm, 0.5-1.0cm, 0-
The soil of 0.5cm.According to (for example female " soil agrochemistry analysis method " Beijing, Shandong: Chinese agriculture Science Press, 2000.)
With pH, the urine in the test urea block manure border soil of diacetyl monoxime colorimetric method standard method of analysis as defined in HG/T4135-2010
Plain state nitrogen.Its testing result is listed in Table 1 below.
Table 1: fertile border soil pH, the urea nitrogen comparision contents of square humic acid urea and commercial urea
The urease activity of red soil is lower, and urea conversion is slower, is not able to satisfy demand of the crop to ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen.Fertilizer
Border is the initial period of fertilizer conversion, decides the urea conversion process in later period.The test result of table 1 shows rotten plant of the invention
Uraturia element can be obviously improved granular urea 1cm fertilizer border 0.3~1 pH unit of soil pH, i.e., the OH in the fertile border soil liquid-Concentration
Improve 3~10 times；Urea amount is substantially less than commercial urea processing in fertile border 2cm, illustrates the decomposition containing humic acid urea of the present invention
Obviously accelerate with conversion rate.
Test example 2: influence of the humic acid urea of the present invention to Rice In Guangdong yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer
Test carries out in Boluo County of Huizhou City Yangchuan village town, tests soil pH 5.96, and the content of organic matter is by weight
1.16%, full nitrogen 0.61g/kg, full phosphorus (P) 0.62g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 79mg/kg, OlsenP2O572mg/kg, active potassic2O
32mg/kg, for the rice soil of sand shale development.
All processing (this test dosage P on the basis of using equivalent phosphorus, potassium2O53.6kg/ mus and K2O 8.4kg/ mus)
The following processing of setting:
Processing 1: it compares (CK), not nitrogen fertilizer application；
Handle 2: humic acid urea HAU (12kgN/ mus, embodiment 4)；
Handle 3: commercial urea U (12kgN/ mus).
Each processing is repeated four times, random district's groups arrangement, plot area: 3.8 × 6.4m=24.32m2.For trying rice product
Kind is Yuejingsimiao (grain quality rice), and every cell transplants 17 × 26=442 sections, every section 3-4 seedling.Respectively apply nitrogen base manure, tillering stage and
Panicle primordium dif ferentiation stage top dressing respectively accounts for one third, and all processing phosphate fertilizer are all used as base manure.Potash fertilizer 50% makees base manure, and 50% in young fringe
Idiophase top dressing.
2 rice of table is compared using the grain yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer of humic acid urea
The result listed from table 2 can be seen that humic acid urea of the present invention and improve compared with the rice yield of commercial urea
9.7%, utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves 8.3 percentage points.
It can be seen that the granular urea of the carrier prepared by the present invention containing Humic acid synergistic can promote urea in acid soil
Conversion, for improve acid soil urea utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer provide new approaches.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of granular urea preparation method containing Humic acid synergistic carrier suitable for acid soil, it is characterised in that the preparation
The step of method, is as follows:
A, prepared by humic acid extractant
By 2~5 parts by weight potassium salicylates and 1~3 parts by weight dimethylformamide be added to 100~200 parts by weight temperature be 60~
In 70 DEG C of water, stirring and dissolving is cooling, obtains the humic acid extractant；
B, prepared by humic acid extracting solution
100 parts by weight humic acid minerals raw materials are added to the humic acid extractant that 800~1500 parts by weight are obtained in step A
In, its temperature is then gradually increased to 90 DEG C under stiring, and keep 40~60min at this temperature, is then cooled to room
Temperature, centrifuge separation, precipitating discard, and obtain the humic acid extracting solution；
C, prepared by Humic acid synergistic carrier
By concentration by weight 2% peroxophosphoric acid and concentration by weight 2% nitric acid mixed according to weight ratio 1:1, obtain one
Kind nitration mixture；The nitration mixture is added slowly in the humic acid extracting solution that step B is obtained, the pH value of its extracting solution is adjusted to 3~
5,60~80 DEG C of temperature are then heated to, under stiring, is slowly added to 20~60 weights into 1000 parts by weight humic acid extracting solutions
Part concentration is measured as 10% hydrogen peroxide and 5 parts by weight benzoyl peroxides by volume, 120min is then reacted, adds 10 weights
Part uronic acid, 10 parts by weight oligosaccharide and 10 parts by weight sugar alcohols are measured, continues to be stirred to react 60min, adds 10~20 parts by weight
Polyoxyethylene ether and 2~5 parts by weight O-phthalic alkanol amides, it is cooling, its pH value is adjusted using potassium pyrophosphate aqueous solution
To 7.5~9.0, the Humic acid synergistic carrier is obtained；
D, the granular urea preparation of the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic
The obtained Humic acid synergistic carrier of 5~50 parts by weight step C is added to that 1000 parts by weight temperature are 40~75 DEG C
In grain urea, it is followed by stirring for 2~3min, is uniformly mixed, then dried at 100 DEG C of temperature, obtains the carrier containing Humic acid synergistic
Granular urea.
2. granular urea preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step, potassium salicylate, dimethyl
The weight ratio of formamide and water is 2.4~4.2:1.2~2.8:120~180.
3. granular urea preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step, will revolving speed 60~
The solution that stirring and dissolving obtains under conditions of 240rpm is cooled to 35 DEG C of temperature or less.
4. granular urea preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in stepb, the humic acid mine
Raw material is weathered coal or lignite, and the granularity of the humic acid minerals raw material is 150~300 mesh.
5. granular urea preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in stepb, revolving speed 1000~
5~30min is centrifugated under conditions of 5000rpm.
6. granular urea preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step C, the uronic acid is
Glucuronic acid or galacturonic acid.
7. granular urea preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step C, the oligosaccharide is
Malto-oligosaccharide or soyabean oligosaccharides；The sugar alcohol is D-sorbite, maltitol or xylitol.
8. granular urea preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step C, polyoxyethylene ether is added
Its solution is cooled to 10~40 DEG C of temperature with after O-phthalic alkanol amides.
9. granular urea preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step C, the potassium pyrophosphate water
The concentration of solution is 1~5mol/L.
10. granular urea preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step D, described to increase containing humic acid
The partial size for imitating the granular urea of carrier is 1~10mm.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1491467A (en) * | 1966-06-29 | 1967-08-11 | Manufacturing process for ammonium humates | |
| CN102701868A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Modified glutamic acid fertilizer synergist and production method and application thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-11-09 CN CN201811328556.8A patent/CN109369247A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1491467A (en) * | 1966-06-29 | 1967-08-11 | Manufacturing process for ammonium humates | |
| CN102701868A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Modified glutamic acid fertilizer synergist and production method and application thereof |
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