CN109364581A - A kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic dust-proof stainless steel filtering net - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic dust-proof stainless steel filtering net Download PDFInfo
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- CN109364581A CN109364581A CN201811508516.1A CN201811508516A CN109364581A CN 109364581 A CN109364581 A CN 109364581A CN 201811508516 A CN201811508516 A CN 201811508516A CN 109364581 A CN109364581 A CN 109364581A
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrophobic
- super
- strainer
- stainless steel
- filtering net
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Links
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010148 water-pollination Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 silicane alkane Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JVLRYPRBKSMEBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diacetyloxystibanyl acetate Chemical compound [Sb+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O JVLRYPRBKSMEBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- YGUFXEJWPRRAEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC YGUFXEJWPRRAEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ARYZCSRUUPFYMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH3] ARYZCSRUUPFYMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(OCC)OCC DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FZMJEGJVKFTGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(octadecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC FZMJEGJVKFTGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical group [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005573 silicon-containing polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyltriethoxysilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960003493 octyltriethoxysilane Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218195 Lauraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017858 Laurus nobilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005212 Terminalia tomentosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWAFVXWRGIEBPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH3] CWAFVXWRGIEBPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SLYCYWCVSGPDFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SLYCYWCVSGPDFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ORVGYTXFUWTWDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].O[Si](O)(O)O ORVGYTXFUWTWDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003403 water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/10—Filter screens essentially made of metal
- B01D39/12—Filter screens essentially made of metal of wire gauze; of knitted wire; of expanded metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0001—Making filtering elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0028—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions provided with antibacterial or antifungal means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0414—Surface modifiers, e.g. comprising ion exchange groups
- B01D2239/0428—Rendering the filter material hydrophobic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0442—Antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1291—Other parameters
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of new materials, provide a kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic dust-proof stainless steel filtering net, this method forms gully shape structure on stainless steel filtering net surface by etching, further adhere to super-hydrophobic and photocatalytic material coating and obtains super-hydrophobic strainer, the strainer has the catalytic performance of low-surface-energy and nano material, dust can be reduced, the attachment of greasy dirt, it is catalyzed the degradation and the performances such as antibacterial of pernicious gas, it can be used for air purifier, the air cleaning systems such as fresh air, smoke exhaust ventilator, refrigerator, the domestic filtereds system such as air-conditioning, the strainer preparation method is simple, reaction condition is mild, it is suitable for mass production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of new materials, provide a kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic dust-proof stainless steel filtering net.
Background technique
Current air deteriorates status and constantly occurs, and haze weather frequently occurs further.Attention with people to health,
Air quality is increasingly paid close attention to, the various products for administering air pollution constantly come out.In this market upsurge, profit is highest
Product is air clearing product.Air clearing product can absorb the harmful substances such as inhalable particles, formaldehyde in air, play
The effect of purification air to guarantee air quality protects the human health of user.But its core after using for a period of time
Center portion position --- air purifying filter mesh surface there are problems that easily covering dirt, difficult cleaning, easily attachment disinfect pathogen.Air filter screen surface
Serious mesh blocking, purification efficiency decaying, or even the particulate matter and disinfect pathogen of sucking of will lead to of dirt is covered to be released again and make
At secondary pollution.Metal-air strainer used in traditional air purifier does not do any processing, after a period of use surface
Dust is becomed easily infected by, is difficult to clean up, and adheres to a large amount of harmful bacteria, is wasted a lot of manpower and material resources when clearing up strainer
Financial resources, therefore it is extremely urgent to solve the problems, such as that traditional screen surface easily covers dirt.
It is inspired by lotus leaf effect, rapid development, super hydrophobic surface have been arrived in the preparation and application of super hydrophobic surface in recent years
Refer to that water droplet is greater than 150 ° in its surface contact angle, the lower surface of roll angle.The two of constructing super-drainage surface are big, and condition is:
Material surface construct it is micro--receive coarse structure and in surface modification low-surface energy substance.Super hydrophobic surface due to its surface can it is low,
Low to the adsorption capacity of dust, dust can be tumbled without sticking on surface, to play self-cleaning performance, therefore super hydrophobic surface
It has a good application prospect.Feng Jie in 2017 et al. mixes inorganic nano material and heterocycle siloxanes in ethanol-water solution
It closes, then is sprayed on calligraphy and painting, obtained the super-hydrophobic calligraphy and painting (patent publication No. with good releasing dirt ability
CN108178986A).Zhou Rui et al. processes microwell array on copper sheet surface by laser writing technology, and copper sheet is prepared into copper
Then net carries out surface micro process with laser, process micro-nano dual structure, obtains ultra-amphosphobic copper mesh, has oil lower super
Hydrophobic and underwater superoleophobic performance, can be used to filter simultaneously light oil and heavy oil (patent publication No. CN108159735A).Tradition filter
Net only common filter capacity, the ability of the pernicious gases such as sterilization and degradation of formaldehyde have to be hoisted, and there is presently no compare to have
The self-cleaning method of the dustproof sterilizing of effect.Therefore the technological deficiency of above-mentioned traditional strainer how is overcome to become this field urgently to be resolved
One of the problem of.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is existing insufficient in view of the above technology, provides a kind of preparation side of super-hydrophobic dust-proof stainless steel filtering net
Method, this method form gully shape structure on stainless steel filtering net surface by etching, further adhere to super-hydrophobic and photocatalytic material
Coating obtains super-hydrophobic strainer, the attachment which there is low-surface-energy can reduce dust, greasy dirt.Semiconductor nano TiO2、
ZnO、g-C3N4For equal catalysis materials due to its excellent photochemical catalytic oxidation ability, nontoxic and stable characteristic can also be effectively
Inactivation of pathogenic microorganism plays the role of effective catalytic degradation pernicious gas and restraining and sterilizing bacteria.The strainer can be used for air cleaning
The air cleaning systems such as device, fresh air, the domestic filtereds system such as smoke exhaust ventilator, refrigerator, air-conditioning, preparation method is simple, reaction condition
Mildly, suitable for mass production.
The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic dust-proof stainless steel filtering net, the specific steps are as follows:
1) clean stainless steel filtering net is first impregnated into 3~20min in acid etching solution at room temperature,.It again will be above-mentioned
It is neutrality that strainer, which is washed to pH, removes solution remained on surface, drying for standby；The etching strainer of preparation is put into 60-90 DEG C
1.5-2h is impregnated in sodium hydroxide solution；
2) water-is added in hydrophobic silicone, hydrophily silicon-containing compound, photocatalytic material and catalyst by a certain percentage
In alcohol-ammono-system, modified solution is configured；Stirring rate is 500 revs/min, stirs 30min, mixes it uniformly；By strainer
It is put into above-mentioned mixed solution and impregnates 6h, be put in 120 DEG C of baking oven later and solidify 8h, super-hydrophobic strainer is made；
Etching liquid in step (1) is FeCl3、H2SO4, HCl and HNO3One of or a variety of mixed solutions, concentration be
0.05~2moL/L；Wherein optimal selection is FeCl3/ HCl, concentration are respectively 0.1~2mol/L, 0.05~0.5mol/L；
Soaking time is preferably 5 minutes in etching process；The etching strainer of preparation is put into 60-90 DEG C of sodium hydroxide solution and is impregnated
1.5-2h can make screen surface connect more polyhydroxy, be conducive to be modified；Above-mentioned concentration of sodium hydroxide solution be 0.05~
2moL/L；
Every liter of modified solution hydrophobic silicone containing 10~100g in step (2), 5~100g hydrophily silicon-containing compound, 5~
50g photocatalytic material, 1~8g catalyst；Surplus is water-alcohol-ammono-system mixture；
Hydrophobic silicone in step (2) is gamma-aminopropyl-triethoxy-silane, γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl front three
Oxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane, hexadecyl, polydimethylsiloxanes
Alkane, octyltri-ethoxysilane, hexamethyldisilazane, methyltriethoxysilane, ethyl triethoxysilane, vinyl three
One in Ethoxysilane, dodecyl triethoxysilane, octadecyltriethoxy silane and corresponding methoxy silane
Kind is a variety of；
The hydrophily silicon-containing compound is sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate, ethyl orthosilicate, aminopropyl triethoxysilane etc.
One of or it is a variety of；
The photocatalytic material is semiconductor nano TiO2、g-C3N4, nano-ZnO2Or other have absorption and photocatalysis
Etc. one of the nano material of performances or a variety of；Above-mentioned photocatalytic material has harmful gas such as sterilization and catalytic degradation formaldehyde
The characteristic of body can achieve self-cleaning purpose.
Hydrophilic organic silicon hydrolyzes to form nano silica in water-alcohol-ammono-system and receives with above-mentioned in the above system
Rice photocatalytic material synergistic effect, increases the roughness of screen surface, reduces the contact area of dust and screen surface, and
The surface tension for reducing strainer in screen surface with hydrophobic silicone crosslinking back loading, reduces it to the adhesive force of dust.
The catalyst can increase the reaction rate of hydrophobically modified reaction, improve efficiency, be selected specifically to two laurels
One of sour dibutyl tin, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, antimony acetate, antimony glycol.
Water in step (2), alcohol, ammono-system mixture mass ratio be (0.3~6.5): 20:(0.1~1.5), wherein water
For deionized water, alcohol is dehydrated alcohol, and ammonia is ammonium hydroxide, and under this system, above-mentioned various substances can just be modified reaction；
Wherein ammonium hydroxide accelerates the progress of modified-reaction as catalyst, and it is molten to be substantially better than simple dehydrated alcohol for its hydrophobic effect after addition
Agent；
The super-hydrophobic dust-proof stainless steel filtering net prepared by the above method, carrys out table with the contact angle and roll angle of 5 μ L water droplets
Showing hydrophobicity, contact angle is higher, shows that super-hydrophobicity is better, as follows through detecting:
Friction stability: by the super-hydrophobic stainless steel filtering net of preparation under 100g counterweight, 60 (reciprocal distances of reciprocating friction
20cm), contact angle is measured；
Ultrasonic stability: the strainer of preparation is put into ultrasound 60min in supersonic cleaning machine, measures contact angle；
As a result as follows:
The super-hydrophobic stainless steel filtering net surface prepared has the rustic Du Genggao (Fig. 1) of gully shape, has excellent
Hydrophobicity.Fig. 2A is contact situation of the plain gauze with water, and drop spreads are in screen surface；Fig. 2 B is water droplet in super-hydrophobic filter
More apparent spherical droplet is formd on the net, shows that super-hydrophobic strainer has good hydrophobicity.When dust fall in it is super-hydrophobic
When on strainer, it is only necessary to gently rinse the pollutant that can remove surface with clear water, show it with good self-cleaning property
Energy (Fig. 3).This strainer has wear-resisting and resistance to ultrasonic stability (Fig. 4), no matter rubs or is cleaned by ultrasonic super-hydrophobic strainer contact
Angle is basically unchanged.Simultaneously because semiconductor nano TiO used2、g-C3N4, semiconductor nano ZnO etc. there is sterilization suppression well
Bacterium and degradable organic pollutant effect, this strainer germicidal efficiency > 95%, the degradation efficiency > 90% of PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95).
Super-hydrophobic dust-proof stainless steel filtering net with above-mentioned performance can be applied to the air cleanings such as air purifier, fresh air system
Traditional stainless steel filtering net both can be directly prepared into dimension by system, the domestic filtereds system such as smoke exhaust ventilator, refrigerator, air-conditioning
Super-hydrophobic strainer, and the strainer in above-mentioned household electrical appliances can be directly modified, to meet requirement.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that
1. strainer is performed etching, surface roughness is increased, hydrophilic and hydrophobic grouping organosilane polymer will be contained
It is applied to screen surface, after solidification, the associativity of itself and strainer not only can be improved, but also low-surface-energy can be dropped, to reach super thin
Water effect, and the stability of strainer hydrophobic performance is improved, and due to surface super hydrophobic, the moment keeps drying to be unfavorable for micro- life
Object existence has certain antibiotic property.
2. the coating surface has very strong antifouling dirt exclusion capabilities, and has automatically cleaning characteristic.
3. due to semiconductor nano TiO2, ZnO and g-C3N4The presence of equal photochemical catalysts, makes it have excellent bactericidal properties
Can, and can effective pernicious gases such as degradation of formaldehyde.
4. preparation process is simple, reaction condition is mild, convenient for large-scale production.
Detailed description of the invention
The SEM figure of strainer different amplification prepared by Fig. 1 embodiment 1:
A and B is the coating sample of embodiment 1 in figure；C and D is uncoated sample, and with hydrophilic uncoated sample
Compared to the rustic Du Genggao that coating sample surface has gully shape, hydrophobic performance is more preferable；
Super-hydrophobic coat hydrophobic performance detection schematic diagram prepared by the original stainless steel filtering net of Fig. 2 and embodiment 1；
A is original strainer in figure；B is super-hydrophobic strainer prepared by embodiment 1；Fig. 2A shows contact of the original strainer with water
Situation, drop spreads are in screen surface；Fig. 2 B is that water droplet forms more apparent spherical droplet on super-hydrophobic strainer, is shown
Super-hydrophobic strainer has good hydrophobicity；
Strainer self-cleaning-test figure prepared by Fig. 3 embodiment 1；
As seen from the figure, when dust is fallen on super-hydrophobic strainer, it is only necessary to which surface can be removed by gently being rinsed with clear water
Pollutant, show it with good self-cleaning performance；
Strainer mechanical stability test chart prepared by Fig. 4 embodiment 1:
A. wear-resisting property is tested；B. resistance to ultrasonic performance test；As seen from the figure, no matter rub or be cleaned by ultrasonic super-hydrophobic filter
Net contact angle is basically unchanged；
Super-hydrophobic strainer photo-catalyst efficiency under super-hydrophobic strainer illumination prepared by Fig. 5 embodiment 1.
Super-hydrophobic strainer prepared by Fig. 6 embodiment 1 is imitated with the decomposition of the super-hydrophobic strainer PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) of extension of light application time
Rate.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of form by the following examples does further specifically above content of the invention
It is bright, but the range that this should not be interpreted as to the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to example below.It is all to be based on above content of the present invention
The technology realized all belongs to the scope of the present invention, and it is complete to be all made of conventional prior unless otherwise specified, in following embodiments
At.
Embodiment 1
At room temperature first by the stainless steel filtering net of 2cm × 2cm size in FeCl3(its concentration is respectively/HCl mixed solution
0.2mol/L, 0.05mol/L) etching 10min.It is neutrality that above-mentioned strainer, which is washed to pH, removes solution remained on surface, dry
It is spare.The strainer after etching is added to again in 85 DEG C of 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution and impregnates 2h, connects screen surface
More polyhydroxy washs after taking-up to neutrality in favor of modification；
By 4.0g hexamethyldisilazane, 3.0g ethyl orthosilicate, 0.3g nano-ZnO and 0.4g g-C3N4February is dripped with 5
In the mixed solution of dilaurylate addition 88mL dehydrated alcohol, 5mL ammonium hydroxide and 7mL deionized water, stirred with 500 revs/min
Rate stirring 30min is mixed, it is mixed uniformly, configures modified solution；Strainer is finally impregnated into 6h in above-mentioned mixed solution, and
It is put in 120 DEG C of baking oven and solidifies 8h, super-hydrophobic strainer is made.
Correlated performance detection is carried out to the super-hydrophobic strainer of above-mentioned preparation, as a result as follows:
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of strainer different amplification prepared by embodiment 1:
A and B is the coating sample of embodiment 1 in figure；C and D is uncoated sample, by comparing it is found that with hydrophilic
Property uncoated sample compared to embodiment 1 prepare strainer surface have gully shape rustic Du Genggao, hydrophobic performance
More preferably；
Fig. 2 is original stainless steel filtering net and super-hydrophobic coat hydrophobic performance detection schematic diagram prepared by embodiment 1；
A is original strainer in figure；B is super-hydrophobic strainer prepared by embodiment 1；Fig. 2A shows contact of the original strainer with water
Situation, drop spreads are in screen surface；Fig. 2 B is that water droplet forms more apparent spherical droplet on super-hydrophobic strainer, is shown
Super-hydrophobic strainer has good hydrophobicity；
Fig. 3 is strainer self-cleaning-test figure prepared by embodiment 1；
As seen from the figure, when dust, which falls in embodiment 1, to be prepared on super-hydrophobic strainer, it is only necessary to which gently being rinsed with clear water can
To remove the pollutant on surface, show it with good self-cleaning performance；
As can be seen that being surpassed using the super-hydrophobic strainer that the method for the present invention is prepared from the ultrasonic stability test of Fig. 4 A
Contact angle still changes less after sixty minutes for sonication, and by carrying out friction testing (Fig. 4 B) discovery friction to screen surface
Surface contact angle, which is still greater than 146 °, after processing 60 times has good hydrophobic performance, illustrates the super-hydrophobic screen surface of preparation
Performance is stablized.
From figure 5 it can be seen that the super-hydrophobic strainer being prepared using the method for the present invention imitates the sterilization of Escherichia coli
Rate constantly increases with the extension of light application time, and germicidal efficiency, which is greater than 99%, after 180 minutes has excellent sterilization anti-microbial property.
From fig. 6 it can be seen that catalytic degradation formaldehyde is used for using the super-hydrophobic strainer that the method for the present invention is prepared,
For the degradation efficiency of PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) 90% or more, material has good formaldehyde removal efficiency after 110 minutes, has wide application
Prospect.
Embodiment 2
At room temperature first by the stainless steel filtering net of 6cm × 4cm in FeCl3(its concentration is respectively/HCl mixed solution
1.0mol/L, 0.06mol/L) etching 10min.It is neutrality that above-mentioned strainer, which is washed to pH, removes solution remained on surface, dry
It is spare.The strainer after etching is added to again in 78 DEG C of 0.2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution and impregnates 2h, connects screen surface
More polyhydroxy washs after taking-up to neutrality in favor of modification；
By 4.5g octyltri-ethoxysilane, 2.2g γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane, 1.6g silicic acid
Sodium, 0.2g nano-TiO290mL dehydrated alcohol, 2mL ammonium hydroxide and 6mL deionized water is added with the drop p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid of 0.6g ZnO and 6
Mixed solution in, stir 30min with 500 revs/min of stirring rates, mix it uniformly, configure modified solution.Finally will
Strainer impregnates 6h in above-mentioned mixed solution, and is put in 120 DEG C of baking oven and solidifies 8h, and super-hydrophobic strainer is made.
Embodiment 3
At room temperature first by the stainless steel filtering net of 8cm × 4cm in FeCl3(its concentration is respectively/HCl mixed solution
1.2mol/L, 0.3mol/L) etching 5min.It is neutrality that above-mentioned strainer, which is washed to pH, removes solution remained on surface, drying is standby
With.The strainer after etching is added to again in 90 DEG C of 0.2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution and impregnates 2h, connects screen surface more
Polyhydroxy washs after taking-up to neutrality in favor of modification；
By 4.5g octyltri-ethoxysilane, 2.6g dodecyl tripotassium oxysilane, 1.8g sodium metasilicate, 0.8gg-C3N4
90mL dehydrated alcohol, the mixing of 2mL ammonium hydroxide and 8mL deionized water is added with 0.6g nano-ZnO and 4 drop dibutyl tin dilaurates
In solution, 30min is stirred with 500 revs/min of stirring rates, mixes it uniformly, configures modified solution.Finally strainer is existed
Above-mentioned mixed solution impregnates 6h, and is put in 120 DEG C of baking oven and solidifies 8h, and super-hydrophobic strainer is made.
Embodiment 4
FeCl is first used on the stainless steel filtering net surface of 8cm × 5cm at room temperature3(its concentration is respectively/HCl mixed solution
0.6mol/L, 0.2mol/L) etching 5min.Above-mentioned strainer deionized water is washed, removes solution remained on surface, then will etching
Strainer afterwards, which is added in 90 DEG C of 0.8moL/L sodium hydroxide solution, impregnates 2h, washs after taking-up to neutrality；
4.6g hexadecyl, 2.2g dodecyl triethoxysilane, 2.5g potassium silicate, 1.2g are received
Rice TiO2With 0.8g g-C3N4The mixing of 90mL dehydrated alcohol, 4mL ammonium hydroxide and 8mL deionized water is added to 3 drop antimony glycols
In solution, 30min is stirred with 500 revs/min of stirring rates, mixes it uniformly, configures modified solution.By strainer above-mentioned
Mixed solution impregnates 6h, and solidifies 8h in 120 DEG C of baking ovens being put in, and super-hydrophobic strainer is made.
Embodiment 5
At room temperature first by the stainless steel filtering net of 10cm × 4cm in FeCl3(its concentration is respectively/HCl mixed solution
0.8mol/L, 0.4mol/L) in etch 6min.It is neutrality that above-mentioned strainer, which is washed to pH, removes solution remained on surface, dry
It is spare.The strainer after etching is added to again in 82 DEG C of 0.2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution and impregnates 2h, connects screen surface
More polyhydroxy washs after taking-up to neutrality in favor of modification；
3.4g octadecyl trimethoxysilane, 1.8g ethyl trimethoxy silane, 2.6g ethyl orthosilicate, 0.8g are received
Rice TiO2With 0.8g g-C3N4The mixed solution of 90mL dehydrated alcohol, 4mL ammonium hydroxide and 3mL deionized water is added with 5 drop antimony acetates
In, 30min is stirred with 500 revs/min of stirring rates, mixes it uniformly, configures modified solution.Finally by strainer above-mentioned
Mixed solution impregnates 6h, and is put in 120 DEG C of baking oven and solidifies 8h, and super-hydrophobic strainer is made.
Experimental example
To the super-hydrophobic stainless steel filtering net of Examples 1 to 5 and untreated strainer as blank group, with the prior art into
The strainer of row modification is control group, carries out the test of relevant criterion, as a result as follows:
Note: dust adhesive rate is calculated by following formula:
W=(m1-m2)/S
Wherein w: the screen surface of unit area covers the quality of dirt, unit: g/m2；
m1: strainer covers the quality before dirt, unit: g；
m2: strainer covers the quality after dirt, unit: g；
S: the area of screen surface, unit: m2。
The Degradation Formaldehyde time: 3h.
Sterilizing time under illumination: 3h.
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the super-hydrophobic stainless steel filtering net prepared in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention 1~5, average dust are attached
Rate < 0.30g/m2, germicidal efficiency >=84.1%, Degradation Formaldehyde rate >=86%, contact angle >=143 °；All data are obvious
It is better than blank group and control group, the super-hydrophobic strainer that wherein prepared by embodiment 1 is with excellent anti-dust performance dust adhesive rate
0.085g/m2, germicidal efficiency 98.6%, Degradation Formaldehyde rate is 92%, and contact angle is 154 °, has excellent comprehensive performance.
It lists 5 case study on implementation herein to be expounded the principle of the present invention and implementation method, the above case study on implementation
Explanation can be used to help to understand the principle of the present invention and method.But above case study on implementation is not unique, should not be construed as pair
Limitation of the invention.At the same time, for those skilled in the art can be embodied according to the principle of the invention and method
Flexibly changed in mode and application range.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic dust-proof stainless steel filtering net, it is characterised in that: specific step is as follows:
1) clean stainless steel filtering net is first impregnated into 3~20min in acid etching solution at room temperature,.Again by above-mentioned strainer
Washing is neutrality to pH, removes solution remained on surface, drying for standby；The etching strainer of preparation is put into 60-90 DEG C of hydrogen-oxygen
Change in sodium solution and impregnates 1.5-2h；
2) water-alcohol-ammonia is added in hydrophobic silicone, hydrophily silicon-containing compound, photocatalytic material and catalyst by a certain percentage
In system, modified solution is configured；Stirring rate is 500 revs/min, stirs 30min, mixes it uniformly；Strainer is put into
6h is impregnated in above-mentioned mixed solution, is put in 120 DEG C of baking oven later and solidifies 8h, and super-hydrophobic strainer is made；
Etching liquid in step (1) is FeCl3、H2SO4, HCl and HNO3One of or a variety of mixed solutions, concentration be 0.05~
2moL/L；
Concentration of sodium hydroxide solution in step (1) is 0.05~2moL/L；
Every liter of modified solution hydrophobic silicone containing 10~100g in step (2), 5~100g hydrophily silicon-containing compound, 5-50g light
Catalytic specie, 1~8g catalyst；Surplus is water-alcohol-ammono-system mixture；
Hydrophobic silicone in step (2) is gamma-aminopropyl-triethoxy-silane, γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy
It is silane, γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane, hexadecyl, dimethyl silicone polymer, pungent
Ethyl triethoxy silicane alkane, hexamethyldisilazane, methyltriethoxysilane, ethyl triethoxysilane, three ethoxy of vinyl
One of base silane, dodecyl triethoxysilane, octadecyltriethoxy silane and corresponding methoxy silane or
It is a variety of；
The hydrophily silicon-containing compound is in sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate, ethyl orthosilicate, aminopropyl triethoxysilane etc.
It is one or more；
The photocatalytic material is semiconductor nano TiO2、g-C3N4, semiconductor nano ZnO2Or there is absorption and light to urge for other
Change one of composite nano materials of performance or a variety of；
The catalyst is one of dibutyl tin dilaurate, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, antimony acetate, antimony glycol.
2. the preparation method of super-hydrophobic dust-proof stainless steel filtering net according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the etching
Liquid is FeCl3The mixed solution of/HCl, concentration are respectively 0.1~2mol/L, 0.05~0.5mol/L.
3. the preparation method of super-hydrophobic dust-proof stainless steel filtering net according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Etch period in step (1) is 5min.
4. the preparation method of super-hydrophobic dust-proof stainless steel filtering net according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2)
Water, alcohol, ammono-system mixture mass ratio be 0.3~6.5:20:0.1~1.5.
5. the preparation method of super-hydrophobic dust-proof stainless steel filtering net according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2)
Water, alcohol, the water in ammono-system mixture are deionized water, and alcohol is dehydrated alcohol, and ammonia is ammonium hydroxide.
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