CN109363948B

CN109363948B - Phlegm cup

Info

Publication number: CN109363948B
Application number: CN201811270633.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈中奇
Original assignee: Chongqing Yingteli Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Yingteli Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-10-29
Filing date: 2018-10-29
Publication date: 2021-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-29
Also published as: CN109363948A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a sputum cup, which comprises a cup body and a cup cover, wherein a cup opening is formed in the cup body, the cup opening is positioned on the side wall of the cup body, the cup cover is in threaded connection with the cup opening, an L-shaped smear groove is formed in the top of the cup cover, a sliding block and a slide glass fixer for placing a slide glass are arranged in the vertical section of the smear groove, a wedge-shaped block is connected in the horizontal section of the smear groove in a sliding mode, one end of the slide glass fixer abuts against one end, far away from an elastic part, of the sliding block, and the other end of the; the cup cover is internally provided with a smear pipe which is communicated with the smear groove and the cup opening, and the cup cover also comprises a pressing plate which is used for pressing the slide fixer, and the pressing plate is hinged on the top of the cup cover. This scheme of adoption can be at centrifugal in-process, accomplish automatic smear.

Description

Phlegm cup

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a sputum cup.

Background

Sputum is a secretion produced by the trachea, bronchi and alveoli, and therefore, in clinical practice, the detection of sputum is often used to assist in the diagnosis of certain respiratory diseases. Before sputum detection, sputum needs to be collected and stored, and at present, the sputum is collected and stored by using a disposable sterile test tube. However, for a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis, before performing a sputum smear or sputum culture, an inspector needs to digest a sputum specimen, if a conventional sputum specimen indwelling device is used, a cover of the indwelling device needs to be opened, digestive juice is added for digestion, and aerosol is easily generated when the cover is opened, so that the inspection environment and the inspector are polluted, and the risk of disease transmission exists.

In order to avoid disease transmission caused by adding digestive juice to make aerosol overflow, the sputum specimen retention device is improved, for example, a sputum specimen retention container with the patent number of CN203569097 comprises a bottle cap and a culture bottle, wherein the bottle cap comprises an outer cap, an inner cap and a switch, the inner cap is of a hollow structure, the hollow structure of the inner cap is used for storing the digestive juice, the switch can puncture the bottom of the inner cap, the inner cap is punctured through the switch to enable the digestive juice to fall into the bottle, and therefore the bottle cap is prevented from being opened to add the digestive juice.

Because the digestive juice in the bottle cap is pre-filled in advance, the dosage of the digestive juice is fixed, the sputum in the bottle is added by an inspector, the dosage is not fixed, the pathogenic bacteria wrapped in the sputum are fully exposed under the action of the digestive juice, if the dosage of the digestive juice is too small, the pathogenic bacteria are not fully exposed due to insufficient digestion, and if the dosage of the digestive juice is too large, the test result of subsequent inspection can be influenced due to excessive digestion.

The process that detects the sputum includes the acquirement of phlegm sample, digestion, centrifugal treatment, smear and inspection, phlegm sample after digestion needs to get into centrifugal device and carries out centrifugal treatment, the phlegm sample after accomplishing centrifugal treatment will make the smear, current smear operation is mostly the manual phlegm sample of taking out of inspection personnel and paints on the glass, from opening the bottle lid to having paintd the glass slide, whole in-process all produces the aerosol easily, and inspection personnel often and the bottle this moment, the glass slide distance is nearer, contact down for a long time, the risk increase of spreading the disease.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a sputum cup which can finish automatic smear in the centrifugation process.

The basic scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a sputum cup comprises a cup body and a cup cover, wherein a cup opening is formed in the cup body, a first groove is formed in the bottom of the cup cover and is in threaded connection with the cup opening, the cup opening is located on the side wall of the cup body, an L-shaped smear groove is formed in the top of the cup cover and comprises a vertical section and a horizontal section, a smear pipe is arranged in the cup cover and is communicated with the smear groove and the cup opening; a slide block is connected in the vertical section of the coating groove in a sliding manner through an elastic piece, the side face of the slide block can abut against the opening of the coating pipe, a slide holder for placing a slide is also connected in the vertical section of the coating groove in a sliding manner, the slide in the slide holder can abut against the opening of the coating pipe, a wedge block is connected in the horizontal section of the coating groove in a sliding manner, one end of the slide holder abuts against one end of the slide block, which is far away from the elastic piece, and the other end of the slide holder abuts against the inclined plane of the wedge block; the glass slide fixing device is characterized by further comprising a pressing plate used for pressing the glass slide fixing device, the pressing plate is hinged to the top of the cup cover, a wedge-shaped groove matched with the shape of the wedge-shaped block is formed in the pressing plate, and the wedge-shaped groove is communicated with the horizontal section of the coating groove.

The principle and the advantages of the invention are as follows: because the side of slider can offset with the oral area of smear pipe, consequently, seal the smear pipe through the slider, avoid phlegm sample to flow out from the smear pipe, when carrying out centrifugation in centrifugal device, the wedge receives the effect of centrifugal force, slide to the wedge inslot by the horizontal segment in smear groove, at the slip in-process, because the one end of slide fixer offsets with the inclined plane of wedge, the wedge upwards promotes the slide fixer, because the one end of slide fixer offsets with the slider, the slide fixer upwards promotes the slider, make the slide in the slide fixer can offset with the oral area of smear pipe, in the centrifugal process, centrifugal cell is under centrifugal action, can be thrown into the smear pipe, from smear pipe flow to the slide on, thereby accomplish automatic smear.

Furthermore, a positioning groove is formed in the horizontal section of the coating groove, a clamping block is connected to the positioning groove through a resetting piece in a sliding mode, and the clamping block can be pushed into the positioning groove through a wedge block.

Because the horizontal section of the smear groove is internally provided with the positioning groove, the positioning groove is internally connected with the clamping block through the reset piece in a sliding way, the wedge-shaped block is not influenced by external force before entering the centrifugal device, and the wedge-shaped block can be clamped by the clamping block to prevent the wedge-shaped block from falling out of the horizontal section of the smear groove; after getting into centrifugal device, under the effect of centrifugal force, the wedge slides to the wedge groove, because the effect of centrifugal force, the fixture block can be pushed the constant head tank by the wedge in, after the wedge slips the fixture block, under the effect of piece that resets, the fixture block pops out from the constant head tank, blocks the wedge, prevents that the wedge from returning, makes the slide fixer keep the position in centrifugal device, avoids the slide fixer to move down and destroys the cell smear.

Furthermore, an elastic buckle is arranged between the pressing plate and the top of the cup cover.

The pressing plate is buckled at the top of the cup cover through the elastic buckle, so that the pressing plate can compress the sliding block and the slide fixer, the sliding block and the slide fixer can support the mouth of the smear pipe tightly, and the sputum specimen is prevented from flowing out from the mouth of the smear pipe and the sliding block in a propping mode.

Further, sliding connection has first baffle in the first recess, first baffle offsets with the rim of a cup, the medicament chamber that is used for depositing the digestive juice is offered to the bottom of first recess, the oral area in medicament chamber is equipped with the second baffle that is used for sealing the medicament chamber, the second baffle can slide in the medicament chamber, a plurality of push rods of fixedly connected with between first baffle and the second baffle, still be equipped with the pipe that is used for communicateing medicament chamber and rim of a cup in the bowl cover, the pipe passes first push pedal and second push pedal.

The first baffle abuts against the cup opening, the cup opening pushes the first baffle to slide in the first groove in the process of rotating the cup cover, the push rods are fixedly connected between the first baffle and the second baffle, the first baffle pushes the second baffle through the push rods, the second baffle slides in the medicament cavity, and the digestive juice is stored in the second medicament cavity, so that the catheter is communicated with the medicament cavity and the cup opening, the digestive juice is extruded by the second baffle and flows into the cup opening through the catheter, and the digestive juice can be added under the condition that the cup cover is not opened; the distance that the second push plate moved is adjusted through controlling the number of turns of the rotary cup cover, so that the dosage of the digestive juice is quantitatively added, and the problems that the digestion is insufficient due to too small dosage of the digestive juice or the digestion is excessive due to too large dosage of the digestive juice, and the subsequent inspection result is influenced are avoided.

Furthermore, the cup body is provided with evenly arranged scale marks.

In the digestion treatment, a proportional relation exists between the digestive juice and the sputum specimen, the dosage of the sputum specimen in the cup and the dosage of the added digestive juice can be known through the uniformly arranged scale marks, and the operation is convenient.

Further, the slide fixer comprises a front cover and a rear cover, the rear cover is provided with a slide groove, the side edge of the rear cover is provided with an arc-shaped groove, the front cover is provided with a slide coating hole, and the front cover is buckled on the rear cover.

The glass slide is fixed through the glass slide fixer, the glass slide is prevented from being scraped in the cup cover, and the arc-shaped groove is formed in the side edge of the rear cover, so that the front cover is convenient to open through the arc-shaped groove when the glass slide is taken, and the labor is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a sputum cup of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the lid of an embodiment of a sputum cup of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a slide holder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a cup body 1, a cup opening 101, a cup cover 2, a first push plate 201, a second push plate 202, a conduit 203, a medicament cavity 204, a smear pipe 3, a slide block 4, a first spring 5, a slide fixer 6, a rear cover 601, a slide groove 602, an arc-shaped groove 603, a front cover 604, a smear hole 605, a buckle 606, a wedge block 7, a fixture block 8, a second spring 9, a pressure plate 10 and a wedge groove 11.

Examples

As shown in attached figures 1 and 2, the sputum cup comprises a cup body 1 and a cup cover 2, wherein scale marks are arranged on the cup body 1, a cup opening 101 is arranged on the side wall of the cup body 1, an external thread is arranged on the cup opening 101, a first groove is arranged at the bottom of the cup cover 2, an internal thread is arranged on the first groove, the first groove is in threaded connection with the cup opening 101, and the first groove is in sliding connection with a first push plate 201 for pushing the cup opening 101; a medicament cavity 204 is formed at the bottom of the first groove, the medicament cavity 204 is connected with a second push plate 202 used for sealing the medicament cavity 204 in a sliding manner, two push rods are fixedly connected between the second push plate 202 and the first push plate 201, and the sliding directions of the first push plate 201 and the second push plate 202 are parallel to the axial direction of the cup mouth 101; the cap 2 is also provided with a conduit 203 for communicating the medicament cavity 204 with the cup body 1, and the conduit 203 passes through the first push plate 201 and the second push plate 202.

An L-shaped smear groove is formed in the top of the cup cover 2 and comprises a vertical section and a horizontal section, a smear pipe 3 used for communicating the smear groove with the cup body 1 is arranged on the vertical section of the smear groove, and the smear pipe 3 penetrates through the bottoms of the first push plate 201, the second push plate 202 and the medicament cavity 204; a sliding block 4 is connected to the vertical section of the smear groove in a sliding manner, a first spring 5 is fixedly connected between one end of the sliding block 4 and the smear groove, the other end of the sliding block 4 abuts against a slide fixer 6, and the side face of the sliding block 4 abuts against the mouth of the smear pipe 3; a wedge block 7 is arranged in the horizontal section of the smear groove, the inclined plane of the wedge block 7 can abut against one end, far away from the slide block 4, of the slide fixer 6, the wedge block 7 can push the slide fixer 6 to slide in the smear groove, and a slide in the slide fixer 6 can abut against the mouth of the smear pipe 3; a positioning groove is formed in the horizontal section of the coating groove, a clamping block 8 is connected to the positioning groove in a sliding mode, a second spring 9 is fixedly connected between the clamping block 8 and the positioning groove, and the inclined surface of the clamping block 8 is parallel to the inclined surface of the wedge block 7.

Still including the clamp plate 10 that is used for compressing tightly slider 4 and slide fixer 6, clamp plate 10 is articulated with bowl cover 2, is equipped with the elasticity buckle between clamp plate 10 and the bowl cover 2, still is equipped with the wedge groove 11 that matches with the inclined plane shape of wedge 7 on the clamp plate 10, and wedge 7 can slide in the horizontal segment in the smear groove and the wedge groove 11 of intercommunication.

As shown in fig. 3, the slide holder 6 includes a back cover 601 and a front cover 604, a slide groove 602 for placing a slide is formed on the back cover 601, an arc-shaped groove 603 is formed on a side edge of the back cover 601, a coating hole 605 for coating a slide is formed on an upper portion of the front cover 604, and the front cover 604 is fastened to the back cover 601 by four fasteners 606.

The specific implementation process is as follows: the medicament cavity 204 in the cup cover 2 is pre-filled with digestive juice, for example, sputum smear examination of sputum specimen of tuberculosis patient, a slide is placed in the slide groove 602 of the back cover 601, the front cover 604 is buckled on the back cover 601, and the slide is fixed in the slide fixer 6. Open the elasticity buckle between clamp plate 10 and the bowl cover 2, turn over behind the clamp plate 10 with the smear hole 605 of slide fixer 6 towards bowl cover 2, the higher authority of slide fixer 6 offsets with slider 4, the lower level of slide fixer 6 offsets with the inclined plane of wedge 7, lock clamp plate 10 and bowl cover 2.

Putting the sputum specimen into the cup body 1 from the cup opening 101, covering the first groove on the cup opening 101, and rotating the cup cover 2 to enable the cup opening 101 to be abutted against the first push plate 201; the cup cover 2 is continuously rotated, the cup opening 101 pushes the first push plate 201, the first push plate 201 slides in the first groove, the push rod is fixedly connected between the first push plate 201 and the second push plate 202, the first push plate 201 pushes the second push plate 202, the second push plate 202 slides in the medicament cavity 204 to extrude digestive juice in the medicament cavity 204, and the medicament cavity 204 is communicated with the cup body 1 through the conduit 203, so that the extruded digestive juice flows into the cup body 1 from the conduit 203 to be mixed with a sputum sample for digestion treatment; the cup cover 2 is stopped rotating, and under the action of atmospheric pressure, the digestive juice in the medicament cavity 204 cannot drop, so that the quantitative addition of the digestive juice can be realized by rotating the cup cover 2; because the cup body 1 is provided with the scale marks, the examiner can know the dosage of the digestive juice added into the cup body 1 through the scale marks, and the digestive treatment process is convenient to control.

After the sputum specimen is digested, the sputum specimen is placed into a centrifugal device for centrifugal treatment, the centrifugal device in the embodiment uses a table-type high-speed centrifuge with the existing model of TG16G, and when the sputum specimen is placed, the cup body 1 is close to the center of the centrifugal device, so that the cup cover 2 is close to the edge of the centrifugal device; in the centrifugal process, under the action of centrifugal force, the wedge block 7 slides from the horizontal section of the coating groove to the wedge groove 11 until the inclined surface of the wedge block 7 is abutted against the inclined surface of the wedge groove 11. Because the slide fixer 6 is abutted against the inclined plane of the wedge block 7, in the sliding process of the wedge block 7, the wedge block 7 pushes the slide fixer 6 upwards, and because the slide fixer 6 is abutted against the sliding block 4, the slide fixer 6 pushes the sliding block 4 upwards until the smear hole 605 of the slide fixer 6 is opposite to the mouth of the smear pipe 3, and the mouth of the smear pipe 3 can be abutted against the slide; at wedge 7's slip in-process, wedge 7 extrusion fixture block 8, impress fixture block 8 in the constant head tank, offset up to wedge 7's inclined plane and wedge 11's inclined plane, wedge 7 no longer extrudees fixture block 8, under the effect of second spring 9, the fixture block 8 pops out from the constant head tank, blocks wedge 7, accomplishes at the centrifugation of centrifugal device, and during stall, fixture block 8 can prevent that wedge 7 from returning for slide fixer 6 is located the position of smear all the time.

Because smear pipe 3 intercommunication smear groove and cup 1, and smear pipe 3's oral area offsets with the slide, the centrifugation in-process, centrifugal cell can be got rid of into smear pipe 3 under the centrifugal action, flows to the slide from smear pipe 3 on to accomplish automatic smear. After the centrifugation is finished, the elastic buckle is opened, the pressing plate 10 is turned over, the slide holder 6 is taken out, the front cover 604 is broken through the arc-shaped groove 603 arranged on the side edge of the rear cover 601, the slide is taken out, and the sputum smear test is carried out.

The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and no attempt is made to show structural details of the invention in more detail than is necessary for the fundamental understanding of the art, the description taken with the drawings making apparent to those skilled in the art how the several forms of the invention may be embodied in practice with the teachings of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a sputum cup, includes cup and bowl cover, the rim of a cup has been seted up on the cup, first recess has been seted up to the bottom of bowl cover, first recess with rim of a cup threaded connection, its characterized in that: the cup opening is positioned on the side wall of the cup body, an L-shaped smear groove is formed in the top of the cup cover and comprises a vertical section and a horizontal section, a smear pipe is arranged in the cup cover and is communicated with the smear groove and the cup opening; a slide block is connected in a sliding manner through an elastic piece in the vertical section of the coating groove, the side face of the slide block can abut against the opening of the coating tube, a slide holder for placing a slide is also connected in the vertical section of the coating groove in a sliding manner, the slide in the slide holder can abut against the opening of the coating tube, a wedge-shaped block is connected in a sliding manner in the horizontal section of the coating groove, one end of the slide holder abuts against one end, far away from the elastic piece, of the slide block, and the other end of the slide holder abuts against the inclined plane of the wedge-shaped block; the slide glass fixing device is characterized by further comprising a pressing plate used for pressing the sliding block and the slide glass fixing device, the pressing plate is hinged to the top of the cup cover, a wedge-shaped groove matched with the shape of the wedge-shaped block is formed in the pressing plate, and the wedge-shaped groove is communicated with the horizontal section of the coating groove.

2. A sputum cup as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the coating piece groove is characterized in that a positioning groove is formed in the horizontal section of the coating piece groove, a clamping block is connected to the positioning groove in a sliding mode through a resetting piece, and the clamping block can be pushed into the positioning groove through a wedge block.

3. A sputum cup as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an elastic buckle is arranged between the pressing plate and the cup cover.

4. A sputum cup as claimed in claim 1, wherein: sliding connection has first baffle in the first recess, first baffle with the rim of a cup offsets, the medicament chamber that is used for depositing the digestive juice is offered to the bottom of first recess, the oral area in medicament chamber is equipped with the second baffle that is used for sealing the medicament chamber, the second baffle can slide in the medicament intracavity, a plurality of push rods of fixedly connected with between first baffle and the second baffle, still be equipped with the pipe that is used for communicateing medicament chamber and rim of a cup in the bowl cover, first push pedal and second push pedal are passed to the pipe.

5. A sputum cup as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cup body is provided with evenly arranged scale marks.

6. A sputum cup according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the slide fixer comprises a front cover and a rear cover, wherein the rear cover is provided with a slide groove, the side edge of the rear cover is provided with an arc-shaped groove, the front cover is provided with a slide coating hole, and the front cover is buckled on the rear cover.