CN109362750B - Application of antibiotic JX in improving disease resistance of rice - Google Patents
Application of antibiotic JX in improving disease resistance of rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN109362750B CN109362750B CN201811400897.1A CN201811400897A CN109362750B CN 109362750 B CN109362750 B CN 109362750B CN 201811400897 A CN201811400897 A CN 201811400897A CN 109362750 B CN109362750 B CN 109362750B
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
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- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002777 nucleoside Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 44
- 102000003992 Peroxidases Human genes 0.000 description 11
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- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 8
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides application of antibiotic JX in improving disease resistance of rice, and aims to solve the problems that diseases are increasingly serious in rice planting, and the quality and yield of rice are increasingly influenced due to facility ecological environment pollution caused by poor control effect of chemical agents. The antibiotic JX used in the invention has extremely high thermal stability under neutral and alkaline conditions. The reaction is positive through Molish reaction, Benedict reaction and diphenylamine reaction, and ultraviolet absorption shows the light absorption characteristics of typical nucleoside substances. Experiments show that the antibiotic JX with the concentration of 2.78 mug/mL can improve the contents of chlorophyll, malondialdehyde, soluble sugar, SOD, CAT and POD after rice is infected with germs, enhance the disease resistance of rice, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to application of antibiotic JX in improving disease resistance of rice, and belongs to the field of rice planting.
Background
The diseases and pests of rice are one of the main factors for limiting the production of rice, and the loss caused by the diseases and pests is huge every year. Chemical control is a main means for controlling rice diseases and insect pests. However, the chemical pesticide is excessively depended on to prevent and control the rice diseases and insect pests, and as a result, the pesticide residue is high and the pollution is serious. China is a long-history agricultural big country and is also the country with the largest pesticide usage amount in the world displayed by statistical data at present, which not only affects the physical and mental health of people in China, but also seriously affects the import and export trade of food in China.
The prevention and treatment of rice diseases are important prevention and treatment means by using disease-resistant varieties and agricultural cultivation measures besides chemical pesticides. However, the difficulty of breeding disease-resistant, high-yield and high-quality varieties is increased due to the difficulty of organically combining the genetic disease-resistant traits of the disease-resistant variety plants with other agronomic traits. The traditional agricultural cultivation measures are adopted to prevent and treat the diseases, so that the labor consumption is large, and the prevention and treatment effect is very limited.
In the laboratory, a carbon-like micromonospora strain JXNU-1 with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity is separated from farmland soil samples in school areas of Master and Daoyo lakes in Jiangxi, and the antibiotic JX produced by the strain has strong antibacterial activity on phytopathogens such as rice bacterial blight and rice bacterial streak disease, but the use of the antibiotic JX for improving the disease resistance of rice is not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides application of antibiotic JX in improving the disease resistance of rice, so as to solve the problems that the disease is increasingly serious in the current rice planting, and the quality and the yield of the rice are more and more affected due to pollution of facility ecological environment caused by poor control effect of chemical agents.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an application of antibiotic JX in improving the disease resistance of rice comprises the following specific steps: the antibiotic JX is diluted to 2.78 mu g/mL by water, and the leaf blades of the rice are sprayed when the rice grows to the tillering stage, wherein the dosage of each plant is 1 mL.
The antibiotic JX is obtained by separating and purifying a fermentation liquor of micromonospora carbomorpha JXNU-1, and has extremely high thermal stability under neutral and alkaline conditions. The antibiotic is determined to be the nucleoside antibiotic JX (figure 1) through Molish reaction, Benedict reaction and diphenylamine reaction which are all positive and are analyzed by instruments such as ultraviolet-visible spectrum, infrared spectrum, mass spectrum, nuclear magnetic resonance and the like. Experiments show that the antibiotic JX with the concentration of 2.78 mug/mL can improve the contents of chlorophyll, malondialdehyde, soluble sugar, SOD, CAT and POD after rice is infected with germs, enhance the disease resistance of rice, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the chemical structure of antibiotic JX.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of antibiotic JX on chlorophyll content in rice leaves.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of antibiotic JX on the malondialdehyde content of rice leaves.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of antibiotic JX on the soluble sugar content of rice leaves.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of antibiotic JX on SOD activity in rice leaves.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of antibiotic JX on rice leaf CAT activity.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of antibiotic JX on POD activity in rice leaves.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
1 materials of the experiment
1.1 test pathogens
Bacterial streak disease.
1.2 test plants
Rice variety: longping 86 hybrid rice was purchased from Nanchang Jinhui variety Co., Ltd.
1.3 reagent for test
The antibiotic JX is extracted from carbon-like micromonospora JX fermentation liquor.
2 method of experiment
2.1 planting of Rice
The rice seeds were first soaked in water overnight, then spread on a dish with moist filter paper and pregerminated for 2d at 28 ℃. Then, the germinated seeds are sprinkled on the uniform soil surface layer, watered every day, and placed outdoors for cultivation.
2.2 pretreatment of the test Material
Diluting antibiotic JX to 2.78 μ g/mL, inoculating rice bacterial leaf streak germ to NB culture medium, culturing at 28 deg.C and 200r/min for 12h to logarithmic phase, and keeping. When the rice grows to the tillering stage, selecting potted rice with uniform growth vigor to carry out four preset treatments:
treatment group 1: dipping sterile water with sterilizing scissors, and carrying out leaf cutting treatment;
treatment group 2: dipping the bacteria liquid of the streak bacteria cultured to logarithmic phase by sterilizing scissors, and carrying out leaf cutting treatment;
treatment group 3: firstly spraying antibiotic JX with concentration once every 30min for 4 times, wherein each pot is about 10mL, and inoculating pathogenic bacteria after 24 h;
treatment group 4: inoculating pathogenic bacteria, spraying antibiotic JX after 24h, and spraying once every 30min for 4 times, wherein each pot is about 10 mL.
Each treatment was repeated for 5 pots of rice.
2.3 physiological and biochemical effects of antibiotic JX on Rice
Sampling the rice leaves of the four treatment groups at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days respectively, and determining physiological and biochemical indexes such as chlorophyll content, protective enzyme activity, malonaldehyde content and the like. Measuring the chlorophyll content of the leaves by a dimethyl sulfoxide extraction method; measuring the content of Malondialdehyde (MDA) by a thiobarbituric acid TBA color development method; measuring the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) by an NBT photo-reduction method; determination of Peroxidase (POD) activity by H2O 2-guaiacol method; catalase (CAT) activity was measured by the TBA-TCA method. Each treatment was repeated 3 times per physiological-biochemical indicator, and the results were expressed as an average.
3 results of the experiment
3.1 Effect of antibiotic JX on chlorophyll content in Rice leaves
The chlorophyll content can objectively reflect the disease resistance of plants. The effect of the four treatment groups on the chlorophyll content of rice leaves in this experiment is shown in fig. 2. As can be seen, the total of the time-dependent changes in the treatment group 2 was decreased, and reached the lowest value at 15d, as compared with the treatment group 1. Treatment groups 3 and 4 showed a slow rising trend and were significantly higher than treatment group 2, reaching a maximum at 15d and 20d, respectively. Experimental results show that the disease resistance of rice can be improved by spraying the antibiotic JX.
3.2 Effect of antibiotic JX on Rice leaf malondialdehyde content
MDA is a typical product of lipid peroxidation, and the accumulation of MDA can cause further damage to membranes and cells, thereby causing a series of physiological and biochemical changes, and being used as an index of the degree of lipid peroxidation.
The experimental results are shown in fig. 3, and the other three treatment groups showed a tendency of first rising and then falling compared to treatment group 1, but the highest values were lower than treatment group 2. The MDA content of the treatment group 2 reaches the highest value 10d after the treatment and then decreases suddenly, which shows that although the malondialdehyde content decreases after the increase, excessive MDA is accumulated before the increase, so that the defense system in vivo is damaged, the damage is caused, and the reversion is not realized. The MDA content of the treatment groups 3 and 4 reaches the highest value after 5d after treatment, but is lower than the highest value of the treatment group 2, which shows that after inoculation of the rice bacterial germs, the MDA content in the rice leaves shows obvious emergency response, and in the early stage of disease infection, the malonaldehyde content in the rice leaves can be improved by spraying the antibiotic JX, so that anaphylactic reaction is caused, and the resistance of the rice to the bacterial leaf streak is improved.
3.3 Effect of antibiotic JX on the soluble sugar content of Rice leaves
Under adverse conditions, accumulation of soluble sugar in leaf cells is beneficial to improving water retention capacity of cells, relieving osmotic stress, and promoting SOD activity to inhibit membrane lipid peroxidation. As shown in fig. 4, the overall trend of the treatment groups 3 and 4 was about the same as that of the treatment group 1, and the soluble sugar content reached the highest value at 5d, which was higher than that of the treatment groups 1 and 2, and was not much different from that of the treatment group 1. The antibiotic JX can induce the hydrolysis of carbohydrates such as starch and the like in the early stage of disease so as to improve the resistance.
3.4 Effect of antibiotic JX on Rice leaf SOD Activity
SOD activity is an enzyme in the organism for eliminating superoxide radical, and is a key rate-limiting enzyme for eliminating free radical reaction. The results are shown in fig. 5, and compared with the treatment group 1, the SOD activity of the other three treatment groups showed a tendency of rising first and then falling, and reached a maximum 10d after inoculation. The SOD activity of treatment group 3 and treatment group 4 was higher than that of treatment group 1 and treatment group 2 throughout the observation period, while treatment group 2 was lower than that of the control group at 20 d. Shows that spraying antibiotic JX can induce and improve the SOD activity of rice.
3.5 Effect of antibiotic JX on CAT Activity of Rice leaves
CAT is highly capable of scavenging hydrogen peroxide, and is primarily present in peroxygen species. As shown in FIG. 6, the CAT activity of treatment group 2 was less changed than that of treatment group 1, and both of treatment groups 3 and 4 showed an upward trend, reaching the highest values at 20d and 15d, respectively. Experimental results show that the spraying of the antibiotic JX can induce and improve the CAT activity of the rice.
3.6 Effect of antibiotic JX on POD Activity of Rice leaves
POD catalyzes the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with a substrate such as ascorbic acid, thereby eliminating hydrogen peroxide. As shown in fig. 7, compared with the treatment group 1, the overall trend of the change of POD activity of the other three treatment groups is increased first and then decreased, and is approximately the same as that of SOD enzyme, wherein the POD activity of the treatment group 2 is 10 days highest, and then is decreased until being lower than the normal level, which indicates that the stress reaction generated by the rice under the action of pathogenic bacteria induces the enhancement of POD enzyme activity, and then the rice is weak to resist the reduction below the normal level; the POD activity of the treatment groups 3 and 4 reaches the maximum value at 15d and is always higher than that of the control group, which indicates that the antibiotic JX can induce and improve the POD activity of the rice.
4 summary of the invention
The research discovers that the antibiotic JX has certain inductivity through rice pot experiments and measurement of physiological and biochemical indexes of the rice pot experiments, can induce and improve the rice defensive enzyme activity and simultaneously causes anaphylactic reaction, thereby enhancing the disease resistance of the rice.
Claims (1)
1. An application of antibiotic JX in improving the disease resistance of rice to rice bacterial leaf streak infection is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps: diluting antibiotic JX with water to the concentration of 2.78 μ g/mL, and spraying leaf blade when rice grows to tillering stage, wherein the dosage of each plant of rice is 1 mL; the antibiotic JX can increase the contents of chlorophyll, malondialdehyde, soluble sugar, SOD, CAT and POD after rice is infected with rice bacterial streak germ.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811400897.1A CN109362750B (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | Application of antibiotic JX in improving disease resistance of rice |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811400897.1A CN109362750B (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | Application of antibiotic JX in improving disease resistance of rice |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109362750A CN109362750A (en) | 2019-02-22 |
| CN109362750B true CN109362750B (en) | 2021-01-26 |
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| CN201811400897.1A Expired - Fee Related CN109362750B (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | Application of antibiotic JX in improving disease resistance of rice |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109362750B (en) |
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2018
- 2018-11-22 CN CN201811400897.1A patent/CN109362750B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 农抗120对西瓜枯萎病作用方式的研究;韩巨才 等;《山西农业大学学报》;19950530;第15卷(第2期);第122-125+211-212页 * |
| 炭样小单孢菌抗生素对水稻白叶枯病菌的抑菌作用;戴菲 等;《农药》;20110410;第50卷(第4期);第302-304页 * |
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