CN109357883B

CN109357883B - Coating sample heating system, temperature control method and abradable testing machine

Info

Publication number: CN109357883B
Application number: CN201811195700.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于月光; 沈婕; 孙建刚; 刘建明; 章德铭; 马春春; 酉琪; 刘通
Original assignee: BGRIMM Technology Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: BGRIMM Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-10-15
Filing date: 2018-10-15
Publication date: 2020-02-21
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-15
Also published as: CN109357883A

Abstract

The invention relates to a coating sample heating system, a temperature control method and an abradable testing machine. The coating sample heating system comprises: a flame spraying device (20) for spraying a flame to a coating sample (60) to raise the temperature of the coating sample (60); and a flame shaping device (30) for adjusting the shape of the flame sprayed by the flame spraying device (20). The invention can effectively improve the flame heating effect of the coating sample.

Description

Coating sample heating system, temperature control method and abradable testing machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of aero-engine tests, in particular to a coating sample heating system, a temperature control method and an abradable test machine.

Background

The development of ultra-high-speed high-temperature abradable performance test equipment (an abradable tester for short) in foreign countries starts in the 50 s of the last century. The abradable tester was developed by research institutions and companies such as the United states PWA (Pratt & Whitney Aircraft), the American NASA research center, the Netherlands space institute (NLR), the Switzerland SULZER METCO, Canada NRC, and the United states GE. The testing machine can simulate the high-temperature and high-speed working condition of the turbojet engine, and the scraping performance of the sealing coating of the blade and the casing of the turbojet engine at high temperature and high speed is evaluated through testing. In recent years, in order to meet the requirement of research on the abradability of coatings, research institutes and enterprises in China also increase the development strength of the abradable testing machine.

The abrasion tester at home and abroad simulates the high-temperature working condition mainly by the following modes: the first method is to heat a coating sample by an irradiation and condensation heating device, and the temperature control precision is poor; the other method is that the oxygen-acetylene flame gun is used for heating the coating sample, so that the high temperature of more than 800 ℃ can be realized, and the temperature control precision is poor; the method also has the problems that the temperature control precision is limited, the flame heating effect is not easy to control, other parts are easy to burn, and in addition, the temperature of a high-temperature section is slowly increased.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a coating sample heating system, a temperature control method and an abradable tester, which can effectively improve the flame heating effect of a coating sample.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a coating sample heating system comprising:

the flame spraying device is used for spraying flame to the coating sample so as to raise the temperature of the coating sample; and

and the flame shaping device is used for adjusting the shape of the flame sprayed by the flame spraying device.

Further, the flame shaping device includes: and the flame baffles are arranged between the flame spraying device and the coating sample and are used for gathering the flame sprayed by the flame spraying device in a preset area.

Further, the plurality of flame baffles enclose the preset area in a U shape in the spraying direction of the flame spraying device.

Further, a water-cooling flow channel is arranged inside the flame baffle and is operatively connected with a cold water circulation system.

Further, still include: and the temperature fine-tuning device is operatively connected with the compressed air source and is used for finely tuning the flame temperature passing through the flame shaping device through compressed air.

Further, the temperature fine-tuning device includes:

the central lines of the first air flow nozzles are respectively positioned on two sides of the flame; and

at least one second gas flow lance, a centerline of each second gas flow lance intersecting the flame.

Further, the flame shaping device comprises a plurality of flame baffles arranged between the flame spraying device and the coating sample, and the temperature fine-adjustment device is arranged on the flame baffles and close to the coating sample.

Further, still include: and the contact temperature sensor is arranged in the coating sample and used for detecting the internal temperature of the coating sample in a contact mode.

Furthermore, a blind hole is formed in the non-flame heating side of the coating sample, and the contact type temperature sensor is inserted into the blind hole.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention also provides an abradable testing machine which comprises the coating sample heating system.

Further, still include:

the feeding platform is provided with a coating sample and a coating sample heating system; and

and the rotor system comprises a flow guide mechanism for guiding hot air flow to flow along the circumferential direction of the test blade when the coating sample heating system heats the coating sample.

Further, the flow guide mechanism includes:

the guide sleeve is arranged on the radial outer side of the test blade and covers at least part of the angle range of the test blade along the circumferential direction of the test blade; and

and the gas guide plate is arranged on the air guide sleeve corresponding to the upstream position of the flame spraying device of the coating sample heating system, and the angle of the gas guide plate relative to the air guide sleeve is adjustable.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a temperature control method based on the aforementioned coating sample heating system, including:

starting a flame spraying device to spray flame on the coating sample;

when the rotating speed of the test blade reaches the target rotating speed, judging whether the absolute value of the difference value between the temperature of the coating sample and the set temperature is smaller than a rough adjustment threshold value or not according to the sensing value of the contact type temperature sensor;

if the absolute value of the difference between the temperature of the coating sample and the set temperature is smaller than the fine adjustment threshold, fine adjustment is carried out on the flame temperature passing through the flame shaping device through a temperature fine adjustment device;

and if the position and the posture of the flame spraying device are larger than or equal to the coarse adjustment threshold value, adjusting the position and/or the flame flow intensity of the flame spraying device.

Further, the method also comprises a temperature calibration process, which specifically comprises the following steps:

arranging a temperature measuring point of a non-contact temperature sensor on the surface of the coating sample;

sensing temperature measurement curves of the interior and the surface of the coating sample at a target temperature through the contact temperature sensor and the non-contact temperature sensor respectively;

and determining the surface-inside temperature difference of the coating sample according to the temperature measurement curve so as to determine the surface temperature of the coating sample according to the sensing data of the contact type temperature sensor and the surface-inside temperature difference during the abrasion test.

Further, still include: and when the rotating speed of the test blade does not reach the target rotating speed, judging that the temperature of the coating sample exceeds a safety limit value and/or the difference value between the temperature of the coating sample and the set temperature exceeds an adjustment threshold value, and stopping the system.

Based on the technical scheme, the flame shaping device is used for adjusting the shape of the flame sprayed to the coating sample by the flame spraying device, so that the flame can intensively heat the coating sample, the heating efficiency of the coating sample is improved, the flame heating effect of the coating sample is effectively improved, and in addition, the burning or burnout of other parts by the flame is reduced or avoided.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the abradable test machine of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flame shaping device in an embodiment of the abradable test machine of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the forward structure of the flame shaping device of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the flame shaping apparatus of FIG. 2 in a top down configuration.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a temperature calibration process for one embodiment of the coating sample heating system of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph of temperature measurements taken by two temperature sensors of a coated sample heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating a temperature control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating a temperature calibration process according to another embodiment of the temperature control method of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the abradable test machine of the present invention. In this embodiment, the abradable test machine includes: a feed platform 10, a rotor system 40, and a coating sample heating system. A coating coupon 60 (see fig. 5) is mounted on the feeder platform 10, and a coating coupon heating system is also mounted on the feeder platform 10. The rotor system 40 may include a test blade 42 and a disk 41 on which the test blade 42 is mounted, and a driving mechanism for driving the disk 41 to rotate. When the abrasion test is performed, the wheel disc 41 may be driven to rotate by the driving mechanism to drive the testing blades 42 to gradually reach the rotation speed required by the testing condition. The feeding platform 10 can drive the coating sample 60 to feed relative to the test blade 42, and the coating sample heating system heats the coating sample 60 along with the feeding of the feeding platform 10, so that the coating sample 60 reaches the temperature required by the test condition as much as possible.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, a coating sample heating system may comprise: a flame injection device 20 and a flame shaping device 30. Wherein the flame spraying device 20 is used for spraying flame to the coating sample 60 so as to raise the temperature of the coating sample 60. The flame injection device 20 can be connected with a corresponding fuel source and an oxidizer source, and a heating flame is formed by burning fuel gas such as acetylene or propane and combustion-supporting gas such as oxygen, which are respectively provided by the fuel source and the oxidizer source. The control of the intensity of the flame flow can be realized by controlling the flow of various gases in the flame spraying device 20, so that the control of the heating temperature of the coating sample can be realized. In addition, the flame spraying device 20 may include a flame gun and a supporting and adjusting mechanism for the flame gun, and the posture of the flame gun may be adjusted by the supporting and adjusting mechanism, so that the heating temperature of the coating sample may be adjusted to a certain extent.

The flame shaping device 30 is used for adjusting the shape of the flame sprayed by the flame spraying device 20. The flame sprayed by the flame spraying device 20 is easily disturbed by the outside and deviates from the heated object, and the flame may be comparatively divergent, and the concentration degree of the flame is difficult to satisfy the heating requirement, so the concentration degree of the flame and the heating target of the flame can be more accurately controlled by using the flame shaping device 30, thereby the flame can intensively heat the coating sample, the heating efficiency of the coating sample is improved, the flame heating effect of the coating sample is effectively improved, and in addition, the burning or burnout of other parts by the flame is reduced or avoided.

Referring to fig. 2-4, in some embodiments, the flame shaping device 30 includes a plurality of flame baffles 33. These flame barriers 33 may be disposed between the flame spray device 20 and the coating sample 60 for gathering the flame sprayed from the flame spray device 20 at a predetermined region. That is, the flame guard 33 may be formed to surround a certain spatial form so as to enable the flames to be gathered in a predetermined area. For example, the plurality of flame baffles 33 may enclose a predetermined area of a U shape in fig. 2 and 4 in the spraying direction of the flame spraying device 20. The U-shaped preset area can prevent the flame from deviating from flame baffles at the two sides and the bottom of the U-shaped area, so that the problem of low heating efficiency caused by over-dispersion of the flame is avoided, and other parts in the corresponding area are prevented from being burnt or burnt by the flame.

In order to prevent the flame guard 33 itself from being burned or burnt by flames, a water-cooled flow passage 34 may be provided inside the flame guard 33. These water cooled runners 34 may be operatively connected to a cold water circulation system. For example, each of the flame barriers 33 in fig. 2-4 is provided with an inlet pipe 31 and an outlet pipe 32. The water inlet pipe 31 and the water outlet pipe 32 are communicated through a water-cooling flow passage 34 inside the flame baffle 33, and the water inlet pipe 31 and the water outlet pipe 32 are respectively connected with an external cold water circulation system.

In order to improve the control effect of the heating temperature of the coating sample, a temperature fine-tuning device 50 can be further included in other embodiments of the coating sample heating system of the present invention. The temperature fine-tuning device 50 is operatively connected to a compressed air source for fine tuning the temperature of the flame passing through the flame shaping device 30 by means of compressed air. Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, temperature trim arrangement 50 may include at least two first air flow jets 51 and at least one second air flow jet 52. The central lines of the first airflow nozzles 51 are respectively located at two sides of the flame, so that the airflow sprayed by the first airflow nozzles 51 can wrap the flame from the side of the flame, the flame is more concentrated, and the heating temperature of the flame is increased. And the center line of each second air jet nozzle 52 intersects the flame, so that the air jet from the second air jet nozzles 52 disperses the flame, thereby dissipating more heat from the flame and reducing the temperature at which the flame heats the coating sample. In this way, the heating temperature of the flame can be more finely controlled by controlling the flow of the two air flow spray pipes, so that the fine heating control of the coating sample is realized.

Referring to fig. 3, a temperature trimming device 50 is preferably disposed on the flame guard 33 proximate to the coating coupon 60. Thus, the flame is concentrated under the shaping action when passing through the flame shaping device 30, and the temperature of the flame is controlled by the compressed gas, so that the control effect can be effectively improved. In other embodiments, the temperature trimming device 50 may also be provided separately from the flame shaping device 30, for example, below the flame shaping device 30, to perform temperature trimming on the shaped flame.

When the abradable testing machine runs, airflow generated by the wheel disc and the testing blades rotating at high speed can also generate cooling effect and interference on a temperature field of flame, and the control difficulty of the heating temperature of the coating sample is increased. To minimize the effect of such air flow, the rotor system may include a flow guide mechanism 80 for guiding the flow of hot air along the circumference of the test blades 42 as the coating sample heating system heats the coating sample 60. The flow guide mechanism 80 is used for guiding the hot air flow to operate, so that the interference of the hot air flow to flame is reduced or avoided, the temperature loss of the hot air flow is reduced, and the heating efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the flow guide mechanism 80 may specifically include a flow guide shroud 81 and a gas flow guide plate 82. The nacelle 81 is disposed radially outside a test blade 42 of the rotor system 40 and covers at least a part of an angular range of the test blade 42 in a circumferential direction of the test blade 42. When the flame heats the coating sample, the hot gas flow from the flame enters the nacelle 81 along with the high speed rotation of the disk 41 and the test blades 42 of the rotor system 40 and flows along the inner cavity of the nacelle 81. The gas guide plate 82 is arranged on the guide cover 81 at a position corresponding to the upstream position of the flame spraying device 20 of the coating sample heating system, and is adjustable in angle relative to the guide cover 81. The gas baffle 82 is used to direct the flow of hot gases within the pod 81 towards the flame injection apparatus 20 in a direction that does not significantly interfere with the flame. And the tester can adjust the angle of the gas guide plate 82 relative to the air guide sleeve 81 according to different factors such as the rotating speed of the test blades, the proportion and the flow of the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting gas and the like.

In order to allow a reasonable reference for the control of the heating temperature of the coating sample, a contact temperature sensor 71 may be further included in the coating sample heating system. Referring to fig. 5, the contact temperature sensor 71 may be provided in the coating sample 60 for detecting the internal temperature of the coating sample 60 in a contact manner. The contact temperature sensor 71 preferably employs a thermocouple, and a thermal resistor or the like may be employed in other embodiments. In order to enable the contact temperature sensor 71 to more accurately measure the internal temperature of the coating sample 60, a blind hole may be provided in the non-flame heating side of the coating sample 60, and the contact temperature sensor 71 may be inserted into the blind hole.

Since the temperature of the coating sample 60 in the corresponding test condition is generally referred to as the surface temperature of the coating sample 60 when the coating sample 60 is subjected to the high temperature high speed rub test with the test blade 42. And the temperature measured by the contact temperature sensor 71 is the internal temperature of the coating sample 60. Considering that it is difficult to directly measure the surface temperature of the coating sample 60 due to the shielding of the test blade 42 during the test, and the temperature measurement position of the non-contact temperature measurement method (e.g., infrared temperature measurement method) is easily changed when the coating sample 60 is fed, which affects the temperature measurement, the embodiment of the present invention indirectly measures the surface temperature of the coating sample 60 by the temperature calibration method.

Referring to fig. 5, a temperature measuring point of a non-contact temperature sensor 72 (e.g., an infrared thermometer, etc.) is disposed on a surface of the coated sample 60. the non-contact temperature sensor 72 may be installed at the same height as the coated sample 60, and an angle α between the non-contact temperature sensor 72 and a circumferential surface of the wheel disc 41 is set to a predetermined angle (e.g., 15 ° or 30 °).a temperature profile of the coated sample is shown in fig. 6. it can be seen from fig. 6 that temperature change profiles measured by the contact type high temperature thermocouple and the non-contact type infrared thermometer, respectively, are similar in trend.

The embodiments of the coating sample heating system described above are not limited to use in an abradable testing machine, but may be used in other testing devices where heating of a coating sample is desired.

On the basis of the embodiment of the coating sample heating system, the invention also provides a corresponding temperature control method. Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a temperature control method according to an embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the temperature control method includes:

step 100, starting a flame spraying device 20 to spray flame on a coating sample 60;

step 200, when the rotating speed of the test blade 42 reaches the target rotating speed, judging whether the absolute value of the difference value between the temperature of the coating sample 60 and the set temperature is smaller than a rough adjustment threshold value according to the sensing value of the contact type temperature sensor 71, if so, executing step 300, otherwise, executing step 400;

step 300, fine-tuning the flame temperature passing through the flame shaping device 30 by using the temperature fine-tuning device 50 until the absolute value of the difference between the temperature of the coating sample 60 and the set temperature is smaller than a fine-tuning threshold;

and 400, adjusting the pose of the flame injection device 20 and/or adjusting the flame flow intensity of the flame injection device 20.

The steps can be completed by one or more control units, and the control unit can be a local controller or a remote control platform. The coarse tuning threshold may be set to a temperature value that is greater relative to the fine tuning threshold, e.g., 30 ℃, 50 ℃, or 80 ℃, and the fine tuning threshold may be set to a temperature value that is less relative to the coarse tuning threshold, e.g., 2 ℃, 5 ℃, 10 ℃, etc.

In step 300, the control unit may perform feedback control on the temperature regulator based on the sensing value of the temperature sensor to bring the actual internal temperature of the chamber closer to the set temperature. In step 400, the operator may adjust the position of the flame heating device manually or by some automatic adjustment means, such as adjusting the spray angle of the flame gun and/or adjusting the position of the flame gun relative to the blade enclosure.

Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a temperature calibration process in another embodiment of the temperature control method of the present invention. Compared with the previous embodiment, the present embodiment further includes a temperature calibration process, which specifically includes:

500, arranging a temperature measuring point of a non-contact temperature sensor 72 on the surface of the coating sample 60;

step 600, sensing temperature measurement curves of the interior and the surface of the coating sample 60 at a target temperature through the contact temperature sensor 71 and the non-contact temperature sensor 72 respectively;

and 700, determining the surface-to-interior temperature difference of the coating sample 60 according to the temperature measurement curve so as to determine the surface temperature of the coating sample 60 according to the sensing data of the contact type temperature sensor 71 and the surface-to-interior temperature difference during the abrasion test.

A temperature calibration process may be performed prior to the abrasion test to determine the difference in the surface and inside temperature of the coated sample when it is warmed. Under different test conditions, such as the influence area, the intensity, the combustion power and other factors of the flame flow, the surface-to-surface temperature difference of the coating sample is also influenced to a certain extent, so that the surface-to-surface temperature difference can be determined in advance according to the corresponding test conditions before the test. Accordingly, the temperature of the coating sample in

steps

200 and 300 can be the internal temperature of the coating sample or the surface temperature, and only the rough adjustment threshold and the fine adjustment threshold need to be adjusted according to the difference between the surface temperature and the internal temperature.

In addition, a control step based on safety or based on factors such as test efficiency can be added in the temperature control method. For example, when the rotational speed of the test blade 42 does not reach the target rotational speed, it may be determined whether the temperature of the coating coupon 60 exceeds a safety limit, and if so, the control system may be shut down. The safety limit can be a very high temperature value, which may exceed the set temperature to a great extent, so that the test device or the coating sample is at risk of being burnt out, and therefore needs to be shut down in time. For another example, when the rotation speed of the test blade 42 does not reach the target rotation speed, it is determined whether the difference between the temperature of the coating sample 60 and the set temperature exceeds an adjustment threshold, and if so, the control system is stopped. The situation refers to that the temperature difference between the temperature of the coating sample 60 and the set temperature is too large due to poor temperature rise, and the test efficiency can be effectively improved by stopping the machine for adjustment in time.

Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A coated sample heating system comprising:

a flame spraying device (20) for spraying a flame to a coating sample (60) to raise the temperature of the coating sample (60);

the flame shaping device (30) comprises a plurality of flame baffles (33) arranged between the flame injection device (20) and the coating sample (60) and used for gathering flames injected by the flame injection device (20) in a preset area, the plurality of flame baffles (33) form the preset area in a U shape in the injection direction of the flame injection device (20), a water-cooling flow channel (34) is arranged inside the flame baffles (33), and the water-cooling flow channel (34) is operatively connected with a cold water circulation system; and

a temperature fine-tuning device (50) operatively connected to a compressed air source and disposed on the flame guard (33) adjacent to the coating sample (60) for fine-tuning the temperature of the flame passing through the flame shaping device (30) by compressed air;

wherein the temperature fine-tuning device (50) comprises:

the center lines of the first air flow nozzles (51) are respectively positioned on two sides of the flame, so that the air flow sprayed out of the at least two first air flow nozzles (51) can wrap the flame from the side of the flame; and

at least one second gas flow lance (52), a centerline of each second gas flow lance (52) intersecting the flame such that gas flow emitted from the second gas flow lance (52) disperses the flame.

2. The coating coupon heating system of claim 1, further comprising:

a contact temperature sensor (71) disposed within the coating sample (60) for detecting an internal temperature of the coating sample (60) in a contact manner.

3. The coating coupon heating system of claim 2, wherein a blind hole is provided in the non-flame heated side of the coating coupon (60), the contact temperature sensor (71) being inserted in the blind hole.

4. An abradable test machine comprising: a system for heating a coated sample as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The abradable tester of claim 4, further comprising:

a feeding platform (10) provided with a coating sample (60) and a coating sample heating system; and

the rotor system (40) comprises a flow guide mechanism (80) used for guiding hot air flow flowing along the circumferential direction of the test blade (42) when the coating sample heating system heats the coating sample (60).

6. The abradable test machine of claim 5, wherein the flow guide mechanism (80) includes:

a nacelle (81) disposed radially outside the test blade (42) and covering at least a part of an angular range of the test blade (42) in a circumferential direction of the test blade (42); and

and the gas guide plate (82) is arranged on the flow guide cover (81) at an upstream position corresponding to the flame spraying device (20) of the coating sample heating system, and is adjustable in angle relative to the flow guide cover (81).

7. A temperature control method based on the coating sample heating system according to claim 2 or 3, comprising:

starting a flame spraying device (20) to spray flame on the coating sample (60);

when the rotating speed of the test blade (42) reaches the target rotating speed, judging whether the absolute value of the difference value between the temperature of the coating sample (60) and the set temperature is smaller than a rough adjustment threshold value according to the sensing value of the contact type temperature sensor (71);

if the absolute value of the difference between the temperature of the coating sample (60) and the set temperature is smaller than the fine adjustment threshold, the flame temperature passing through the flame shaping device (30) is finely adjusted through the temperature fine adjustment device (50);

and if the position is larger than or equal to the coarse adjustment threshold value, adjusting the position of the flame injection device (20) and/or adjusting the flame flow intensity of the flame injection device (20).

8. The temperature control method according to claim 7, further comprising a temperature calibration process, specifically comprising:

arranging a temperature measuring point of a non-contact temperature sensor (72) on the surface of the coating sample (60);

sensing temperature measurement curves of the inner part and the surface of the coating sample (60) at a target temperature through the contact temperature sensor (71) and the non-contact temperature sensor (72) respectively;

and determining the surface-to-inside temperature difference of the coating sample (60) according to the temperature measurement curve so as to determine the surface temperature of the coating sample (60) according to the sensing data of the contact temperature sensor (71) and the surface-to-inside temperature difference during the abrasion test.

9. The temperature control method of claim 7, further comprising:

and when the rotating speed of the test blade (42) does not reach the target rotating speed, judging that the temperature of the coating sample (60) exceeds a safety limit value and/or the difference value between the temperature of the coating sample (60) and the set temperature exceeds an adjustment threshold value, and stopping the system.