CN109357605B - Method for mounting gear tooth root strain gauge with narrow top clearance - Google Patents
Method for mounting gear tooth root strain gauge with narrow top clearance Download PDFInfo
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- CN109357605B CN109357605B CN201811357508.1A CN201811357508A CN109357605B CN 109357605 B CN109357605 B CN 109357605B CN 201811357508 A CN201811357508 A CN 201811357508A CN 109357605 B CN109357605 B CN 109357605B
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- strain gauge
- gear
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/021—Gearings
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for installing a gear tooth root strain gauge with a narrow top clearance, which comprises the following steps: determining the installation position, namely determining the maximum root stress position of the gear to be installed as the installation position; preparing a strain gauge, wherein the space size of the strain gauge is matched with the top clearance of the gear to be installed; polishing and cleaning, namely polishing and cleaning the installation position of the tooth root of the gear to be installed; mounting the strain gauge, namely sticking and fixing the strain gauge at a mounting position and pressing and fixing the strain gauge; mounting a terminal for connecting a test lead and a lead of a strain gauge on a non-working surface of the gear to be mounted, which is adjacent to the mounting gear teeth of the strain gauge; the lead wires are distributed and fixed, the lead wires on two sides of the strain gauge are respectively arranged along the bottom of the tooth groove, the lead wire far away from one side of the terminal is folded or penetrates out of the vibration damping hole and then is gathered with the lead wire on the other side of the strain gauge in the terminal and is fixedly connected with the terminal, and therefore the lead wire and the lead wire as well as the lead wire and the strain gauge are not overlapped. The invention solves the problem that the strain gauge is difficult to install on the gear tooth root with narrow top clearance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of installation of strain gauges, in particular to an installation method of a gear tooth root strain gauge with a narrow top clearance.
Background
The service life and the safety of the gear root of the reducer of the helicopter transmission system are directly influenced by the bending stress of the gear root, a resistance strain gauge measuring method can be adopted for measuring the stress of the gear root, and the accuracy of a test result mainly depends on the installation quality of a strain gauge. The gear roots of the gear of the aircraft engine and the transmission system have the characteristics of narrow top clearance, small residual space during meshing, severe working conditions (heavy oil stain, high rotating speed, complex installation process) and the like, and generally, it is difficult to install the strain gauge at the gear root under the condition of not damaging the gear structure or to ensure that the strain gauge and a lead wire are not crushed due to gear tooth meshing after the strain gauge is installed. The difficulty lies in that: 1. the installation space is narrow and small, the working environment condition is abominable, the experimental survival rate is low, the strainometer is required to be small in size, the lead wire is thin, and the strainometer is difficult to install and operate.
The traditional method for mounting the gear strain gauge can refer to the 'gear stress measurement strain gauge pasting process method' of Chinese patent application with application number of 201310301097.5, in the method, a lead terminal and the strain gauge are mounted at a tooth root part in parallel, the risk of crushing and failure of the strain gauge in the gear meshing process is increased, and the strain gauge is pressed by a toothpick in the pasting process, so that the uniformity and the thickness of a glue layer are difficult to ensure. The strain gauge installed by the method works at the gear root with the top clearance smaller than 0.7mm, so that the strain gauge, a lead terminal or a lead wire is easily crushed to cause the test failure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for installing a gear tooth root strain gauge with a narrow top clearance, which aims to solve the technical problems that the gear tooth root strain gauge with the narrow top clearance is difficult to install, and the installed strain gauge and a lead are easy to crush in the gear meshing process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for installing a gear tooth root strain gauge with a narrow backlash comprises the following steps:
determining the installation position, namely determining the maximum root stress position of the gear to be installed as the installation position;
preparing a strain gauge, wherein the space size of the strain gauge is matched with the top clearance of the gear to be installed;
polishing and cleaning, namely polishing and cleaning the installation position of the tooth root of the gear to be installed;
mounting the strain gauge, namely sticking and fixing the strain gauge at a mounting position and pressing and fixing the strain gauge;
mounting a terminal for connecting a test lead and a lead of a strain gauge on a non-working surface of the gear to be mounted, which is adjacent to the mounting gear teeth of the strain gauge;
the lead wires are distributed and fixed, the lead wires on two sides of the strain gauge are respectively arranged along the bottom of the tooth groove, the lead wire far away from one side of the terminal is folded or penetrates out of the vibration damping hole and then is gathered with the lead wire on the other side of the strain gauge in the terminal and is fixedly connected with the terminal, and therefore the lead wire and the lead wire as well as the lead wire and the strain gauge are not overlapped.
As one embodiment, the step of distributing and fixing the leads includes:
respectively extending and distributing lead wires on two sides of the strain gauge along the back of the bottom of the tooth socket where the strain gauge is located;
the lead wire at one side far away from the terminal is folded back from the adjacent tooth groove through the end face of the gear and then connected to the terminal, and the lead wire at the other side directly extends along the bottom of the tooth groove where the strain gauge is located and is connected to the terminal;
the terminal is connected and fixed with the two leads.
As another embodiment, the step of distributing and fixing the leads includes:
respectively extending and distributing lead wires on two sides of the strain gauge along the back of the bottom of the tooth socket where the strain gauge is located;
the lead wire at one side far away from the terminal is folded back from the tooth groove where the strain gauge is located, so that the lead wire and the lead wire at the other side are arranged at the bottom of the tooth groove where the strain gauge is located in parallel and are connected to the terminal in an extending mode;
the connection part between the terminal and the two leads is fixed.
As another alternative embodiment, the step of distributing and fixing the leads includes:
respectively extending and distributing lead wires on two sides of the strain gauge along the back of the bottom of the tooth socket where the strain gauge is located;
for the gear with the damping hole, the lead wire at one side far away from the terminal penetrates out of the damping hole to be connected with the terminal, and the lead wire at the other side directly extends along the bottom of the tooth groove where the strain gauge is located to be connected with the terminal;
the connection part between the terminal and the two leads is fixed.
Further, in the step of distributing and fixing the leads, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the lead wires on two sides of the strain gauge are respectively arranged along the bottom of the tooth bottom, the lead wire partition points are fixed at the tooth bottom by using a double-faced adhesive tape, so that the lead wires are tightly attached to the bottom of the tooth bottom and straightly led out, and then after the lead wires are preliminarily fixed by using an adhesive, the double-faced adhesive tape is removed to further fix the lead wires.
Further, in the step of installing the strain gauge, the method further comprises the following steps: the condition that requires to install a plurality of strainometers to same tooth root is installed each strainometer respectively in the relevant position of different tooth roots for a tooth root corresponds one strainometer of installation, and each strainometer corresponds respectively and is in the corresponding radial height on waiting to install the gear.
Further, the strain gauge preparing step further comprises: and removing the original lead of the strain gauge, replacing a thin enameled wire with a diameter suitable for the gear backlash to be installed as a new lead, and reducing the height of a welding point of the thin enameled wire and the strain gauge.
Further, the top clearance of the gear to be installed is not more than 0.7 mm; the width of the strain gauge is not more than 0.6 mm; the diameter of the thin enameled wire is not more than 0.15 mm.
Further, still include: preparing a flexible pressing block, forming a pressing part matched with the tooth shape of the gear to be installed at one end of the flexible material, and wrapping the pressing part by using an insulating film, wherein the wrapped pressing part is used for pressing the strain gauge adhered to the installation position in the step of installing the strain gauge.
Further, the step of sanding clean comprises:
removing oil stains on the installation position of the tooth root of the gear to be installed;
cleaning the installation position by alcohol or acetone;
polishing the installation position by using sand paper until the surface is smooth and clean and has roughness;
the installation site is again cleaned with alcohol or acetone.
Further, the step of strain gauge mounting includes: and (3) point-coating the adhesive on the mounting position of the strain gauge, rapidly spreading the adhesive by using a sharp-nose tweezers to ensure that the adhesive layer is thin and uniform, and then placing the strain gauge at the mounting position for mounting and fixing.
Further, after the lead wires are distributed and fixed, the method further comprises the following steps: and (3) moisture-proof and oil-proof treatment, namely uniformly coating a moisture-proof and oil-proof adhesive on the strainometer and the lead wire, preventing the strainometer or the lead wire from loosening in the working process, and simultaneously preventing oil stains from permeating into the substrate of the strainometer.
In the method, the terminal is arranged on the non-working surface (including the positions of the end surface of the gear, the amplitude plate and the like) of the gear to be installed, which is adjacent to the teeth of the strain gauge installation gear, so that the installation of the terminal is facilitated due to the larger space of the non-working surface, more space is reserved for the distribution of the strain gauge and the lead wires, and the possibility that the terminal is crushed is reduced; the lead wires on two sides of the strain gauge are respectively arranged along the bottom of the tooth groove, the lead wire on one side far away from the terminal is folded back and then gathered with the lead wire on the other side to the terminal and is fixedly connected with the terminal, so that the lead wires are not overlapped with each other, the strain gauge can be prevented from being crushed in the working process due to the overlapping of the lead wires, the failure risk of the strain gauge during installation failure is reduced, and the survival rate of the strain gauge is improved. The invention solves the installation problem of the gear tooth root strain gauge with narrow top clearance, provides a method for measuring the gear tooth root stress by adopting the strain gauge, and solves the problem that the strain gauge is difficult to install and measure at the gear tooth root with narrow top clearance all the time.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gear root strain gage installation configuration in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
1. a gear to be installed; 10. a tooth root; 11. a tooth socket; 12. a gear end face; 2. a strain gauge; 20. a lead wire; 3. and a terminal.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The invention aims to solve the problems that a strain gauge is difficult to install in the process of measuring the bending stress and stress distribution of a gear tooth root with a top clearance of less than 0.7mm and the strain gauge, a lead wire and the like are easy to crush in the meshing process after installation under the condition of not damaging a gear or displacing a measuring point, and provides a method for installing a small-size strain gauge on the gear tooth root with a narrow top clearance.
With reference to fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method of installing a gear root strain gauge with a narrow backlash, comprising the steps of:
determining the installation position, namely determining the maximum tooth root stress position of the gear 1 to be installed as the installation position;
preparing a strain gauge, wherein the space size of the strain gauge 2 is matched with the top clearance of the gear 1 to be installed;
polishing and cleaning, namely polishing and cleaning the installation position of the tooth root 10 of the gear 1 to be installed;
mounting the strain gauge, namely sticking and fixing the strain gauge 2 at a mounting position and pressing and fixing the strain gauge;
mounting a terminal for connecting a test wire and a lead wire 20 of the strain gauge 2 on a non-working surface of the gear 1 to be mounted adjacent to the teeth of the strain gauge mounting teeth;
the lead wires 20 on two sides of the strain gauge 2 are distributed and fixed, the lead wires 20 on one side far away from the terminal 3 are respectively arranged along the bottom of the tooth groove 11, and the lead wires 20 on the other side are folded or penetrate out of the vibration damping holes and then are gathered with the lead wires 20 on the other side in the terminal 3 and are fixedly connected with the terminal 3, so that the lead wires 20 and the lead wires 20 are not overlapped with each other, and the lead wires 20 and the strain gauge 2 are not.
In the method, the terminal 3 is arranged on the non-working surface (comprising the positions of the end surface of the gear, the amplitude plate and the like) of the gear 1 to be installed, which is adjacent to the teeth of the strain gauge installation gear, so that the installation of the terminal 3 is facilitated due to the larger space of the non-working surface, more space is reserved for the distribution of the strain gauge 2 and the lead wire 20, and the possibility that the strain gauge, the lead wire and the terminal are crushed is reduced; according to the invention, the lead wires 20 on two sides of the strain gauge 2 are respectively arranged along the bottom of the tooth groove 11, the lead wire 20 on one side far away from the terminal 3 is folded back and then gathered with the lead wire 20 on the other side to the terminal 3 and fixedly connected with the terminal 3, so that the lead wires 20 and the lead wires 20, the lead wires 20 and the strain gauge 2 are not overlapped with each other, the strain gauge 2 is prevented from being crushed in the working process due to the overlapping of the lead wires 20, the failure risk of mounting failure of the strain gauge is reduced, and the survival rate of the strain.
Further, the strain gauge preparation steps are as follows:
1) and selecting a small-size strain gauge.
The size of the space of the strain gauge 2 is matched with the backlash of the gear 1 to be mounted, so that the strain gauge 2 can be reliably mounted at the mounting position of the gear 1 to be mounted. The backlash of the gear for which the method of the invention is directed is not more than 0.7mm, and therefore it is desirable that the strain gauge 2 is of as small a size as possible. Preferably, the width of the strain gauge 2 is not more than 0.6 mm.
2) And replacing the lead.
In order to avoid the failure of the strain gauge 2 caused by the broken lead wire 20 in the gear meshing process, the original lead wire of the strain gauge 2 is removed, a thin enameled wire with the diameter suitable for the gear backlash to be installed is replaced as a new lead wire, and the height of a welding point between the thin enameled wire and the strain gauge 2 is reduced. The specific operation process is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of flatly placing the strain gauge 2 on a plane glass plate operating table, straightening an original lead, fixing the strain gauge 2 by using a strain gauge mounting special adhesive tape, removing the original lead of the strain gauge 2 by means of a visual amplification operating system, a sharp-nose forceps, an electric soldering iron and other tools, replacing the original lead with a thin enameled wire with a thinner diameter, specifically replacing the thin enameled wire which is smaller than the original lead in diameter and can work on a meshing gear without damage after being mounted as a new lead 20, and reducing the height of a welding point of the new lead 20 as much as possible. According to the invention, the original lead of the strain gauge 2 is replaced by a thinner enameled wire, the height of a welding spot is reduced, the insulation problem of the lead 20 is solved, the space is saved as much as possible, and the lead 20 is conveniently arranged in the tooth groove 11 of the gear with a narrow top clearance. In the preferred embodiment, the diameter of the thin enameled wire is not more than 0.15mm, so as to ensure the electrical conduction performance of the thin enameled wire, and simultaneously, the occupied space and the height of a welding spot are reduced as much as possible.
The method of the invention also comprises a step of preparing the flexible pressure block.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, a flexible material is provided, a pressed portion matching the tooth profile of the gear 1 to be mounted is molded at one end of the flexible material, and the pressed portion is covered with an insulating film, and the covered pressed portion is used to press the strain gauge attached at the mounting position in the step of mounting the strain gauge. The flexible pressing block with the pressing part matched with the tooth form of the gear 1 to be installed is adopted for subsequently pressing and installing the strain gauge 2, so that the operation in the gear tooth root 10 with a narrow top clearance is facilitated, and the small-size strain gauge 2 can be stably installed to the installation position of the tooth root 10.
In the preferred embodiment, rubber is taken as a flexible material, one end of the rubber is cut into the tooth shape of the gear 1 to be installed, and the rubber is wrapped by a polytetrafluoroethylene film for later use. The present invention preferably employs a flexible material to press-mount the strain gage 2, facilitating operation in the gear tooth root 10 with a narrow backlash, enabling the strain gage 2 of small size to be stably mounted to the mounting position at the tooth root 10. The pressing part is wrapped by the polytetrafluoroethylene film, and the flexible pressing block can be prevented from being adhered to the tooth root 10 by utilizing the high lubrication and non-adhesiveness of the polytetrafluoroethylene. In other embodiments, flexible rubber may also be used as the substrate for the compact. The insulating film may be made of epoxy resin or other insulating material to cover the pressing portion.
Further, the installation method of the present invention further comprises the steps of: and marking and positioning, namely marking the installation position of the strain gauge 2 at the tooth root 10 of the gear 1 to be installed by using a marking pen. According to the method, the mounting position of the strain gauge 2 is marked on the gear 1 to be mounted by using a thin marking pen, so that the strain gauge 2 can be conveniently mounted subsequently, and the mounting position is ensured to be reliable.
The steps of strain gauge preparation, flexible pressing block preparation and scribing positioning can be carried out in no sequence, and are specifically determined according to the number of operators and other conditions.
The following steps are carried out: and (6) polishing and cleaning.
In the preferred embodiment, specifically, the step of polishing and cleaning includes: removing oil stains on the installation position of the tooth root 10 of the gear 1 to be installed; cleaning the installation position by alcohol or acetone; polishing the installation position by using abrasive paper until the surface is flat and smooth; the installation site is again cleaned with alcohol or acetone. According to the invention, through the steps of polishing and cleaning, the mounting position is polished to be flat, so that impurities can be removed, certain mounting roughness can be ensured, and the subsequent strainometer 2 can be reliably and firmly mounted. The embodiment adopts sand paper for polishing, and the tool is simple and reliable and has low cost. In other embodiments, a medium such as trichloroethylene, butanone, trichloroethane or the like may be used as the cleaning liquid, and the installation position may be cleaned by flushing or ultrasonic cleaning.
Next, the steps of strain gauge mounting and terminal mounting can be performed. In the invention, the steps of installing the strain gauge and the steps of installing the terminal are not in sequence.
In the preferred embodiment, the specific operation method for installing the strain gauge is as follows:
an adhesive (such as CN glue) is applied to the installation position, and the glue is quickly and lightly spread along the tooth grooves 11 by using a sharp-nose tweezers, so that the glue layer is uniform and not too thick locally, and then the strain gauge 2 is placed at the installation position by using the tweezers and pressed by a pressing part which is wrapped by a polyester fiber film on a flexible pressing block for two minutes.
In the preferred embodiment, the mounting of the terminals 3 is facilitated by the larger space in the gear face 12 for the connection of the test leads to the leads 20 of the strain gauge 2, and the mounting of the terminals 3 is facilitated by the larger space in the gear face 12 adjacent the strain gauge mounting teeth, while at the same time making more room for the strain gauge 2 and leads 20 to be distributed and reducing the likelihood of the terminals 3 being crushed. In other embodiments, the terminals may be mounted on the web adjacent the strain gage mounting teeth, as well as the present invention.
In the invention, the leads are distributed and fixed in various ways. In the case where there is a slight gap (through which the lead wire 20 can pass) between the end face of the gear and the mounting surface of the other device, the first mode, as indicated by reference character a in fig. 1, is as follows:
leading wires 20 on two sides of the strain gauge 2 are respectively distributed along the bottom of the tooth groove 11 where the strain gauge 2 is located in a back-to-back extending manner;
the lead 20 far away from the terminal 3 is connected to the terminal 3 after being folded back from the adjacent tooth groove 11 through the gear end face, and the lead 20 on the other side is directly extended along the bottom of the tooth groove 11 where the strain gauge 2 is located and connected to the terminal 3;
the connecting portions of the terminals 3 and the two leads 20 are fixed.
In the above steps, when the leads 20 on both sides of the strain gauge 2 are respectively arranged along the bottom of the tooth space 11, the lead 20 is firstly fixed at the interval point by using a double-sided adhesive tape, so that the lead 20 is tightly attached to the bottom of the tooth space 11 and is straightly led out, and then after the lead is preliminarily fixed by using an adhesive (for example, CN adhesive), the double-sided adhesive tape is removed to further fix the lead 20. .
According to the invention, the two lead wires 20 of the strain gauge 2 are distributed along the two tooth grooves 11 as far as possible, and the two lead wires 20, the lead wires 20 and the strain gauge 2 are not overlapped with each other, so that the failure risk of the strain gauge 2 in the working process is reduced. Lead wires 20 on two sides of the strain gauge 2 are respectively distributed in adjacent tooth spaces 11, one lead wire 20 is distributed in one tooth space 11, the occupied space of the lead wire 20 can be reduced to the maximum degree, the strain gauge 2 is prevented from being crushed in the working process due to overlapping of the lead wires 20, the risk of mounting failure of the strain gauge is reduced, and the survival rate of the strain gauge 2 is improved.
Another way of distributing and fixing the leads, as indicated by reference b in fig. 1, is as follows:
leading wires 20 on two sides of the strain gauge 2 are respectively distributed along the bottom of the tooth groove 11 where the strain gauge 2 is located in a back-to-back extending manner;
a lead wire 20 on one side far away from the terminal 3 is folded back from the tooth groove 11 where the strain gauge 2 is located, is arranged at the bottom of the tooth groove 11 where the strain gauge 2 is located in parallel with the lead wire 20 on the other side, and extends to be connected to the terminal 3;
the connecting portions of the terminals 3 and the two leads 20 are fixed.
Similarly, the leads 20 distributed along the gullet 11 can be first fixed at intervals by double-sided adhesive and the leads 20 can be led out straight and tightly close to the bottom of the gullet 11, and then the leads can be primarily fixed by CN adhesive.
In another embodiment, for a gear with a damping hole, the lead wires are distributed and fixed in the following manner:
leading wires 20 on two sides of the strain gauge 2 are respectively distributed along the bottom of the tooth groove 11 where the strain gauge 2 is located in a back-to-back extending manner;
for the gear with the damping hole, the lead wire 20 at one side far away from the terminal 3 is led out from the damping hole to be connected to the terminal 3, and the lead wire 20 at the other side directly extends along the bottom of the tooth slot 11 where the strain gauge 2 is located to be connected to the terminal 3;
the connecting portions of the terminals 3 and the two leads 20 are fixed.
Further, in the step of installing the strain gauges, for the case that the same tooth root 10 requires installation of a plurality of strain gauges 2, each strain gauge 2 is installed at a corresponding position of a different tooth root 10, so that one strain gauge 2 is installed corresponding to one tooth root 10, and each strain gauge 2 is located at a corresponding radial height on the gear 1 to be installed.
Because the stresses on the corresponding positions of the gear where different tooth roots 10 are located on the circumference of the same radial height are the same, the strain gauges 2 are respectively arranged on the corresponding positions of the different tooth roots 10, for example, the corresponding positions of the adjacent or similar tooth roots 10, so that one strain gauge 2 is arranged on one tooth groove 11, the stress distribution of the tooth roots 10 can be effectively obtained, meanwhile, the failure of the strain gauges 2 or leads 20 is avoided to the greatest extent, the problem that the installation of a plurality of strain gauges is difficult in the stress distribution testing process of the gear tooth roots 10 is solved, and a method is provided for measuring the bending stress distribution of the tooth roots 10.
After the lead 20 is preliminarily fixed to the terminal 3, the terminal 3 and the lead 20 are further welded and fixed, so that the electrical conduction performance of the terminal is ensured, and the gear root stress distribution test is facilitated.
Further, after the distribution and fixation of the leads, the method also comprises the following steps:
and (3) moisture-proof and oil-proof treatment, namely uniformly coating a moisture-proof and oil-proof adhesive on the strainometer 2 and the lead wire 20, preventing the strainometer 2 or the lead wire 20 from loosening in the working process, and simultaneously preventing oil stains from penetrating into the substrate of the strainometer 2. Alternatively, 509 transparent adhesive is uniformly and lightly coated on the strain gauge 2 and the lead wire 20, so that the strain gauge 2 or the lead wire 20 is further prevented from being loosened due to gear tooth engagement impact during operation, and meanwhile, oil stains are prevented from penetrating into the substrate of the strain gauge 2 to cause the strain gauge 2 to fall off.
The installation method provided by the invention does not need to additionally purchase and process other tools, is simple to operate, convenient and feasible, has high experimental survival rate, solves the problem that the strain gauge cannot be installed on the gear tooth root with a narrow top clearance all the time, and provides a method for measuring the stress distribution of the tooth root.
Through tests, the installation method of the gear tooth root strain gauge with the narrow top clearance has a good use effect, has an obvious effect of measuring the stress of the gear tooth root with the narrow top clearance, and provides possibility for real-time working condition measurement of the stress of the gear tooth root.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for installing a gear tooth root strain gauge with a narrow top clearance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the installation position, namely determining the maximum tooth root stress position of the gear (1) to be installed as the installation position;
preparing a strain gauge, wherein the space size of the strain gauge (2) is matched with the backlash of the gear (1) to be installed;
polishing and cleaning, namely polishing and cleaning the installation position of the tooth root (10) of the gear (1) to be installed;
mounting the strain gauge, namely sticking and fixing the strain gauge (2) at a mounting position and pressing and fixing the strain gauge;
terminal installation, namely installing terminals for connecting a test lead and a lead (20) of a strain gauge (2) on a non-working surface of the gear (1) to be installed, which is adjacent to the teeth of the strain gauge installation gear;
the lead wires are distributed and fixed, the lead wires (20) on two sides of the strain gauge (2) are respectively arranged along the bottom of the tooth groove (11), the lead wire (20) on one side far away from the terminal (3) is folded or penetrates out of the vibration damping hole and then is gathered with the lead wire (20) on the other side in the terminal (3) and is fixedly connected with the terminal (3), so that the lead wire (20) and the lead wire (20) are not overlapped with each other, and the lead wire (20) and the strain gauge (2) are not overlapped with each other;
the strain gauge preparation step further comprises:
removing an original lead of the strain gauge (2), replacing a thin enameled wire with a diameter suitable for a gear backlash to be installed as a new lead (20), and reducing the height of a welding point between the thin enameled wire and the strain gauge (2);
the top clearance of the gear (1) to be installed is not more than 0.7 mm;
the width of the strain gauge (2) is not more than 0.6 mm;
the diameter of the thin enameled wire is not more than 0.15 mm.
2. The method of mounting a gear root strain gage with narrow tip clearance of claim 1 wherein the step of distributing and securing the leads comprises:
lead wires (20) on two sides of the strain gauge (2) are respectively distributed along the back of the bottom of the tooth groove (11) where the strain gauge (2) is located;
a lead (20) on one side far away from the terminal (3) is folded back from an adjacent tooth groove (11) through the end face of the gear and then connected to the terminal (3), and the lead (20) on the other side directly extends along the bottom of the tooth groove (11) where the strain gauge (2) is located and is connected to the terminal (3);
the terminal (3) is connected and fixed to the two lead wires (20).
3. The method of mounting a gear root strain gage with narrow tip clearance of claim 1 wherein the step of distributing and securing the leads comprises:
lead wires (20) on two sides of the strain gauge (2) are respectively distributed along the back of the bottom of the tooth groove (11) where the strain gauge (2) is located;
the lead (20) far away from one side of the terminal (3) is folded back from the tooth groove (11) where the strain gauge (2) is located, the lead and the lead (20) on the other side are arranged at the bottom of the tooth groove (11) where the strain gauge (2) is located in parallel, and the lead are connected to the terminal (3) in an extending mode;
the connection part between the terminal (3) and the two leads (20) is fixed.
4. The method of mounting a gear root strain gage with narrow tip clearance of claim 1 wherein the step of distributing and securing the leads comprises:
lead wires (20) on two sides of the strain gauge (2) are respectively distributed along the back of the bottom of the tooth groove (11) where the strain gauge (2) is located;
for the gear with the damping hole, a lead wire (20) on one side far away from the terminal (3) penetrates out of the damping hole to be connected to the terminal (3), and the lead wire (20) on the other side directly extends along the bottom of the tooth groove (11) where the strain gauge (2) is located to be connected to the terminal (3);
the connection part between the terminal (3) and the two leads (20) is fixed.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of distributing and securing the leads further comprises:
when the lead wires (20) on two sides of the strain gauge (2) are respectively arranged along the bottom of the tooth socket (11), the lead wires (20) are fixed at the bottom of the tooth by using double-sided adhesive tapes, so that the lead wires (20) are tightly attached to the bottom of the tooth socket (11) and straightly led out, and then the lead wires (20) are further fixed by removing the double-sided adhesive tapes after primary fixation by using an adhesive.
6. The method of installing a gear root strain gauge with narrow tip clearance of claim 1, wherein the step of installing the strain gauge further comprises:
for the condition that the same tooth root (10) requires to install a plurality of strain gauges (2), each strain gauge (2) is respectively installed at the corresponding position of different tooth roots (10), so that one strain gauge (2) is correspondingly installed on one tooth root (10), and each strain gauge (2) is respectively correspondingly positioned at the corresponding radial height of the gear (1) to be installed.
7. The method of installing a gear root strain gauge with narrow tip clearance of claim 1, further comprising:
preparing a flexible pressing block, forming a pressing part matched with the tooth form of the gear (1) to be installed at one end of the flexible material, and wrapping the pressing part by using an insulating film, wherein the wrapped pressing part is used for pressing the strain gauge adhered to the installation position in the step of installing the strain gauge.
8. The method of installing a narrow tip-gap gear root strain gauge of claim 1, wherein the step of grinding and cleaning comprises:
removing oil stains at the installation position of the tooth root (10) of the gear (1) to be installed;
cleaning the installation position by alcohol or acetone;
polishing the installation position by using sand paper until the surface is smooth and clean and has roughness;
the installation site is again cleaned with alcohol or acetone.
9. The method of installing a gear root strain gauge with narrow tip clearance of claim 1, wherein the step of installing the strain gauge comprises:
and (3) point-coating an adhesive on the mounting position of the strain gauge (2), rapidly transferring the adhesive by using a sharp-nose tweezers to ensure that the adhesive layer is thin and uniform, and then placing the strain gauge (2) at the mounting position for mounting and fixing.
10. The method of installing a gear root strain gage with narrow tip clearance of claim 1 further comprising, after the distributing and securing of the leads:
and (2) moisture-proof and oil-proof treatment, namely uniformly coating a moisture-proof and oil-proof adhesive on the strain gauge (2) and the lead (20), preventing the strain gauge (2) or the lead (20) from loosening in the working process, and simultaneously preventing oil stains from penetrating into the substrate of the strain gauge (2).
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| CN110686066A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-01-14 | 中国飞行试验研究院 | Transmission system and gear strain measuring point acquisition method |
| CN113008549B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2023-07-21 | 宁波大学 | Variable-size RV reducer planetary gear stress measurement device and method |
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| CN103323238A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-09-25 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 | Sticking process method of strain gage for measuring gear stress |
| CN104266836A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 陕西理工学院 | Method and device for testing gear tooth root bending fatigue durability |
| JP2015203595A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-11-16 | スズキ株式会社 | Traction sensor of saddle type vehicle |
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| TWI573994B (en) * | 2015-10-06 | 2017-03-11 | Prodrives & Motions Co Ltd | A torque sensing device and a rotary drive tool incorporating a torque sensing device |
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| CN103323238A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-09-25 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 | Sticking process method of strain gage for measuring gear stress |
| JP2015203595A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-11-16 | スズキ株式会社 | Traction sensor of saddle type vehicle |
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