CN109357428A - 一种用于油气回收装置的三级自复叠制冷装置 - Google Patents

一种用于油气回收装置的三级自复叠制冷装置 Download PDF

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CN109357428A
CN109357428A CN201811000761.1A CN201811000761A CN109357428A CN 109357428 A CN109357428 A CN 109357428A CN 201811000761 A CN201811000761 A CN 201811000761A CN 109357428 A CN109357428 A CN 109357428A
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gas
cooler
oil
expansion valve
input end
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胡明刚
刘林杰
吴锋棒
李振兴
张晓萌
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QINGDAO NUOCHENG CHEMICAL SAFETY & TECH Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
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    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
    • F25J3/063—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0635—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
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    • F25J3/065—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 4 carbon atoms or more
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/66—Closed external refrigeration cycle with multi component refrigerant [MCR], e.g. mixture of hydrocarbons
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
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Abstract

本发明公开一种用于油气回收装置的三级自复叠制冷装置，该装置中压缩机与风冷器通过管道及阀门连接在一起，风冷器与制冷剂储罐相连，制冷剂储罐与高效翅片回热器相连，高效翅片回热器与气液分离器和膨胀阀相连，气液分离器和膨胀阀与二次高效翅片换热器相连，二次高效翅片换热器与气液分离器和膨胀阀相连，气液分离器和膨胀阀与三次高效翅片换热器相连，三次高效翅片换热器与膨胀阀和油气冷却器相连，油气冷却器与三次高效翅片换热器相连，三次高效翅片换热器与二次高效翅片换热器相连，二次高效翅片换热器与高效翅片回热器相连，高效翅片回热器与压缩机和膨胀罐相连。本发明可满足冷凝法油气回收装置‑50℃至‑85℃的温度要求。

Description

一种用于油气回收装置的三级自复叠制冷装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种三级自复叠制冷工艺方案，具体地说是涉及油气回收装置的三级自复叠制冷装置，用于冷凝法油气回收装置。
背景技术
冷凝法油气回收装置正逐步成为当前油气回收领域中应用较多的一种方法，尤其适用于排放要求较高，不具备循环油公用条件或者要求计量回收液的场所。传统冷凝法油气回收装置采用的复叠制冷技术存在能耗高，成套设备内设备数量多，设备故障率较高，而且设备占地面积较大，装置的适用性较差等问题。
发明内容
基于上述技术问题，本发明提供一种用于油气回收装置的三级自复叠制冷装置。
本发明所采用的技术解决方案是：
一种用于油气回收装置的三级自复叠制冷装置，包括油气冷却器、风冷器、高效翅片回热器、二次冷却器、三次冷却器、压缩机、气液分离器、膨胀阀、膨胀槽和制冷剂储罐；
油气冷却器的一进口端连接来自管网的油气，油气冷却器的一出口端连接油气后处理系统；
所述压缩机与风冷器的一端连接，风冷器的另一端与制冷剂储罐相连，制冷剂储罐与高效翅片回热器的一进口端相连，高效翅片回热器的一出口端连接第一气液分离器和第一膨胀阀，第一气液分离器和第一膨胀阀与二次冷却器的进口端相连；二次冷却器的一出口端连接第二气液分离器和第二膨胀阀，第二气液分离器和第二膨胀阀与三次冷却器的进口端相连；三次冷却器的一出口端通过第三膨胀阀连接油气冷却器的另一进口端；
油气冷却器的另一出口端与三次冷却器的进口端相连，三次冷却器的另一出口端与二次冷却器的进口端相连，二次冷却器的另一出口端与高效翅片回热器的进口端相连，高效翅片回热器的另一出口端分别连接压缩机和膨胀槽，膨胀槽与风冷器相连接。
优选的，所述膨胀槽还通过一管路与油气分离器上连接第三膨胀阀的进口端相连接，在该管路上设置有用于实现融霜功能的喷液化霜器。
优选的，该三级自复叠制冷装置采用的制冷剂由R227、R23和R14三种制冷剂混合配制，三种制冷剂的质量比为3:4:3。
本发明的有益技术效果是：
本发明创造性的提出一种三级自复叠制冷装置与制冷剂配比方案，能够满足冷凝法油气回收装置-50℃至-85℃的温度要求，减少了制冷系统中压缩机的数量，降低了装置的整体能耗和占地面积，提高了制冷装置的稳定性和适用场景。当油库、炼厂及码头等场合不具备常规冷凝装置所需的占地、电功率等条件时，选用本发明制冷装置能较好地适用。
附图说明
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明：
图1为本发明三级自复叠制冷装置的工艺流程图。
图中：1-制冷剂储罐，2-风冷器，3-回热器，4-二次冷却器，5-三次冷却器，6-油气冷却器，7-喷液化霜器，8-膨胀槽，9-压缩机，10-油分离器，11-气液分离器，12-膨胀阀。
具体实施方式
本发明提出一种用于油气回收装置的三级自复叠制冷装置，能够满足冷凝法油气回收装置-50℃至-85℃的温度要求，当油库、炼厂及码头等场合不具备常规冷凝装置所需的占地、电功率等条件时，可以较好地适用。
结合附图，一种用于油气回收装置的三级自复叠制冷装置，包括油气冷却器6、风冷器2、回热器3、二次冷却器4、三次冷却器5、压缩机9、气液分离器11、膨胀阀12、膨胀槽8和制冷剂储罐1。油气冷却器的一进口端连接来自管网的油气，油气冷却器的一出口端连接油气后处理系统，油气冷却器的另一进口端和出口端连接三级自复叠制冷系统，来自管网的油气经油气冷却器冷却换热后进入后处理系统。三级自复叠制冷系统的具体结构如下：
所述压缩机9与风冷器2的一端连接，风冷器2的另一端与制冷剂储罐1相连，制冷剂储罐1与回热器3(高效翅片回热器)的一进口端相连，回热器3的一出口端连接气液分离器11和膨胀阀12，气液分离器和膨胀阀与二次冷却器4(二次高效翅片换热器)的进口端相连。二次冷却器4的一出口端连接气液分离器和膨胀阀，气液分离器和膨胀阀与三次冷却器5(三次高效翅片换热器)的进口端相连。三次冷却器5的一出口端通过膨胀阀连接油气冷却器6的另一进口端。油气冷却器6的另一出口端与三次冷却器5的进口端相连，三次冷却器5的另一出口端与二次冷却器4的进口端相连，二次冷却器4的另一出口端与回热器3的进口端相连，回热器3的另一出口端分别连接压缩机9和膨胀槽8，膨胀槽8与风冷器2相连接。
在三级自复叠制冷系统中，上一级部分系统中制冷剂的蒸发是用来使下一级部分系统中制冷剂的冷凝。下一级部分系统中的制冷剂在蒸发器内向被冷却对象吸取热量(制冷剂从相对高温气体冷却至低温液体，制冷剂具备了气化吸热的潜质)，并将此热量传给上一级部分系统中的制冷剂，最后制冷剂进行减压气化，制冷剂气化过程吸收冷却介质的热量，最终冷却介质达到设计的冷却温度。
作为对本发明的进一步设计，所述膨胀槽8还通过一管路与油气分离器上连接第三膨胀阀的进口端相连接，在该管路上设置有用于实现融霜功能的喷液化霜器7。
更进一步的，该三级自复叠制冷装置采用的制冷剂由R227、R23和R14三种制冷剂混合配制，三种制冷剂的质量比为3:4:3。注制冷剂之前，首先采用真空泵多次抽真空，将系统管路内空气完全抽出，然后打开压缩机，首先将R227注入，然后将R23注入，最后将R14注入，注入过程中观察系统的压力和各级管路的结霜情况，记录各级换热器出口的管路的温度降低范围。
上述方式中未述及的有关技术内容采取或借鉴已有技术即可实现。
需要说明的是，在本说明书的教导下，本领域技术人员所作出的任何等同替代方式，或明显变形方式，均应在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于油气回收装置的三级自复叠制冷装置，其特征在于：包括油气冷却器、风冷器、高效翅片回热器、二次冷却器、三次冷却器、压缩机、气液分离器、膨胀阀、膨胀槽和制冷剂储罐；
油气冷却器的一进口端连接来自管网的油气，油气冷却器的一出口端连接油气后处理系统；
所述压缩机与风冷器的一端连接，风冷器的另一端与制冷剂储罐相连，制冷剂储罐与高效翅片回热器的一进口端相连，高效翅片回热器的一出口端连接第一气液分离器和第一膨胀阀，第一气液分离器和第一膨胀阀与二次冷却器的进口端相连；二次冷却器的一出口端连接第二气液分离器和第二膨胀阀，第二气液分离器和第二膨胀阀与三次冷却器的进口端相连；三次冷却器的一出口端通过第三膨胀阀连接油气冷却器的另一进口端；
油气冷却器的另一出口端与三次冷却器的进口端相连，三次冷却器的另一出口端与二次冷却器的进口端相连，二次冷却器的另一出口端与高效翅片回热器的进口端相连，高效翅片回热器的另一出口端分别连接压缩机和膨胀槽，膨胀槽与风冷器相连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于油气回收装置的三级自复叠制冷装置，其特征在于：所述膨胀槽还通过一管路与油气分离器上连接第三膨胀阀的进口端相连接，在该管路上设置有用于实现融霜功能的喷液化霜器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于油气回收装置的三级自复叠制冷装置，其特征在于：该三级自复叠制冷装置采用的制冷剂由R227、R23和R14三种制冷剂混合配制，三种制冷剂的质量比为3:4:3。
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