CN109356557B - Preparation method of three-dimensional oil reservoir water-drive simulation model and dynamic monitoring visualization device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a three-dimensional oil reservoir water-flooding simulation model and a real-time dynamic monitoring visualization device, and relates to the field of oilfield flooding development experiments; according to the invention, according to the oil reservoir digital research result and the actual demand, a 3D printing technology is utilized to print out a sand filling model frame, an oil reservoir bottom surface and an oil reservoir fault frame, sand with different grain sizes is filled, an impermeable plastic film replaces an interlayer and an interlayer, a plastic pipe simulates an oil production well and a water injection well, further, a constructed three-dimensional real oil reservoir micro model is used for displacement experiments, oil-water motion states in the water injection experiment process under different well network conditions are simulated, then, a resistivity measuring instrument is embedded into the three-dimensional oil reservoir water drive simulation model, oil-water dynamic visualization is realized through resistivity values at different positions and different times, the distribution rule of residual oil is determined, and a basis is provided for the implementation of development scheme establishment, residual oil submergence and yield increase measures.

Description

Preparation method of 3D reservoir water flooding simulation model and dynamic monitoring visualization device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of oilfield water injection development experiments, in particular to a method for preparing a three-dimensional oil reservoir water flooding simulation model and a dynamic monitoring visualization device.

Background technique

Due to the three-dimensional heterogeneity of the oil layer in the water flooding development oilfield, the inrush phenomenon of the injected water will occur during the water flooding development process. Reservoir flooding experiment is a very important basic experiment for oilfield development plan formulation, development planning and post-remaining oil research.

At present, there are two main forms of reservoir displacement experiments: one is to use core displacement; the second is to simulate three-dimensional reservoir displacement. The core flooding experiment is to inject water (or other displacement agents) under pressure at one end, and the other end is the outlet end, measure the produced oil and water, and analyze the displacement effect and oil displacement efficiency. This is actually one-dimensional displacement, ignoring the heterogeneity of the reservoir in three-dimensional space, and cannot fully reflect the actual situation of water flooding in the reservoir, and at the same time, it cannot monitor the dynamic changes of the water flooding front in the core in real time. The three-dimensional reservoir displacement simulation experiment is to study the effect of water flooding in three-dimensional space, but the existing three-dimensional reservoir water flooding experiments cannot monitor the dynamic changes of the water flooding front in real time, and cannot quantitatively monitor the changes of oil saturation inside the reservoir. It affects the effect of the experiment and reduces the guiding effect of the experiment on oilfield development.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Under the background of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a three-dimensional oil reservoir water flooding simulation model and a real-time dynamic monitoring visualization device, which can approximately realize the three-dimensional real oil reservoir miniature model displacement experiment, and observe that water injection under different well pattern conditions The oil-water movement state and the distribution law of remaining oil during the experiment provide the basis for the formulation of development plans, the potential exploitation of remaining oil, and the implementation of production enhancement measures.

For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

A preparation method of a three-dimensional reservoir water drive simulation model, comprising:

Establishing a 3D virtual model of the reservoir, specifically, establishing a 3D virtual model of the reservoir according to the digital research results and actual needs of the reservoir;

Constructing a preliminary three-dimensional model of the oil reservoir, specifically, according to the three-dimensional virtual model of the oil reservoir, using 3D printing technology to print out the sand-filling model frame, the bottom surface of the oil reservoir and the reservoir fault frame, and printing the sand-filling model frame, the The reservoir bottom surface and the reservoir fault frame are assembled together to form a preliminary three-dimensional reservoir model;

Constructing a three-dimensional oil reservoir model, specifically filling the preliminary three-dimensional reservoir model with sands of different particle sizes according to the heterogeneity of the reservoir, and using plastic films to represent the settings of the interlayers and interlayers according to the distribution of the interlayers and interlayers in the oil layer In the preliminary three-dimensional oil reservoir model, the top surface of the preliminary three-dimensional oil reservoir model is then covered with an impermeable film, which is firmly bonded to form a three-dimensional oil reservoir model;

Prepare a primary three-dimensional reservoir water flooding simulation model, specifically, according to the well pattern structure of the oil field, bury plastic pipes of different lengths in the three-dimensional oil reservoir model to simulate oil production wells and water injection wells, and prepare a primary three-dimensional reservoir water flooding simulation model Model;

A three-dimensional reservoir water flooding simulation model is prepared, specifically, a plurality of resistivity measuring instruments are evenly embedded in the primary three-dimensional oil reservoir water flooding simulation model to prepare a three-dimensional oil reservoir water flooding simulation model.

Optionally, in the construction of the 3D reservoir model, the heterogeneity of the permeability of the 3D reservoir model is simulated by mixing clay or mortar into sands of different particle sizes, and the three-dimensional reservoir is reduced by mixing mortars into sands of different particle sizes. Permeability of the reservoir model.

Optionally, in constructing the three-dimensional oil reservoir model, some holes are punched in the plastic film to simulate the permeable barrier layer and the permeable interlayer of the three-dimensional oil reservoir model.

Optionally, in constructing a three-dimensional oil reservoir model, an impermeable plastic film is covered on the top surface of the preliminary three-dimensional oil reservoir model, and the cover is smoothed with cement to ensure that the three-dimensional oil reservoir model is sealed and watertight.

A real-time dynamic monitoring visualization device using a three-dimensional reservoir water drive simulation model, comprising a three-dimensional oil reservoir water drive simulation model, a data acquisition card and a computer; the computer has a built-in set of three-dimensional space interpolation and graphic display software;

The three-dimensional reservoir water drive simulation model includes a sand filling model framework, sand filling, faults, interlayers, water injection wells, oil production wells, and resistivity measuring instruments; a plurality of the water injection wells, a plurality of the oil production wells, and a plurality of the The resistivity measuring instrument is embedded in different positions of the three-dimensional reservoir water flooding simulation model;

The resistivity measuring instrument is connected with the computer through the data acquisition card;

The data acquisition card is used for real-time recording of resistivity values at different positions at different times;

The computer is used to obtain the resistivity value of the three-dimensional space through the three-dimensional space interpolation and the spatial grid interpolation algorithm in the graphic display software, and then slice the three-dimensional space in any direction. , showing the resistivity values in different directions, and finally linking slices in the same direction at different times together to form an animation display;

The computer is also used to convert the resistivity value into the oil saturation according to a pre-established relational formula, and then display the water washing conditions and remaining oil saturation of different parts of the oil reservoir after water flooding; the relational formula is based on The relationship between the resistivity value and the oil saturation is established from the results of the rock electrical experiment.

Optionally, the oil production well is buried in the center of the 3D reservoir water flooding simulation model, the water injection well is buried around the 3D reservoir water flooding simulation model, or the oil production well is buried in the 3D reservoir water flooding simulation model. Around the three-dimensional reservoir water drive simulation model, the water injection well is buried in the center of the three-dimensional oil reservoir water drive simulation model.

Optionally, the water injection well is connected to an advection pump for pressurized water injection, and the oil production well is connected to a swabbing piston or a syringe for swabbing and producing oil.

Optionally, the resistivity measuring instrument includes a positive metal probe, a negative metal probe, an insulator for connecting the positive and negative metal probes, and a wire; the positive metal probe and the negative metal probe are connected to each other through the wire. The data acquisition card is connected.

Optionally, the oil production wells and the water injection wells are both plastic pipes, and the numbers of the oil production wells and the water injection wells are determined according to actual needs.

Optionally, the materials of the sand filling model frame, the fault, and the interlayer are all polycarbonate materials.

According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

The invention provides a method for preparing a three-dimensional reservoir water flooding simulation model and a real-time dynamic monitoring visualization device, which mainly relate to a method for preparing a three-dimensional reservoir water flooding simulation model, a method for implementing an injection-production system, and a technology and method for real-time monitoring of water flooding conditions. , Dynamic visualization technology and method of water flooding front. According to the actual situation of the oil field, the invention produces an approximate actual three-dimensional oil reservoir water drive simulation model, simulates different injection-production well pattern forms, monitors the changing dynamics of the water drive front in real time, monitors the distribution characteristics of the remaining oil, and prepares the development plan and the remaining oil. Provide a basis for the implementation of oil potential and production increase measures.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing a three-dimensional reservoir water flooding simulation model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a real-time monitoring and dynamic visualization device for water flooding simulation using a three-dimensional reservoir water flooding simulation model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the top surface of the three-dimensional reservoir water flooding simulation model according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the three-dimensional reservoir water drive simulation model according to the embodiment of the present invention, which is cut away from the side and displayed;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of the resistivity measuring instrument of the present invention; 41 and 42 are metal probes for positive and negative electrodes, respectively; 43 is an insulator; and 44 is a wire.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a three-dimensional oil reservoir water drive simulation model and a real-time dynamic monitoring visualization device, which can make an approximate actual three-dimensional oil reservoir water drive simulation model according to the actual situation of the oil field, and simulate different injection-production well pattern forms. Real-time monitoring of the changing dynamics of the water flooding front and monitoring of the distribution characteristics of the remaining oil.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing a 3D reservoir water flooding simulation model according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the method for preparing a 3D reservoir water flooding simulation model provided by an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps.

Step 101 : establishing a three-dimensional virtual model of the oil reservoir, specifically, establishing a three-dimensional virtual model of the oil reservoir according to the digital research results and actual requirements of the oil reservoir.

Step 102 : constructing a preliminary three-dimensional reservoir model, specifically, according to the three-dimensional virtual model of the reservoir, using 3D printing technology to print out the sand-filling model frame, the bottom surface of the reservoir and the reservoir fault frame, and printing the sand-filling model frame , the bottom surface of the reservoir and the fault frame of the reservoir are assembled together to form a preliminary three-dimensional model of the reservoir.

According to the different spatial distribution of the actual strata, according to the bottom surface model and the fault model in the 3D geological model of the reservoir, polycarbonate (PC) material is used to print the sand filling model frame and the bottom surface structure of the reservoir by 3D printing technology. Morphological and fault lattices.

Step 103 : constructing a three-dimensional oil reservoir model, specifically filling the preliminary three-dimensional reservoir model with sands of different particle sizes according to the heterogeneity of the reservoir, and using a plastic film to represent the interlayer according to the distribution of the interlayers and interlayers in the oil layer and the interlayer is arranged in the preliminary three-dimensional oil reservoir model, and then an impermeable membrane is covered on the top surface of the preliminary three-dimensional oil reservoir model, and the adhesion is firm to form a three-dimensional oil reservoir model.

According to the permeability of different layers, use sand with different mesh numbers for filling and compaction, and simulate the heterogeneity of permeability by mixing in clay or mortar; in addition, mortar can be mixed into the sand to reduce the permeability.

The impermeable interlayer in the oil reservoir is replaced by an impermeable plastic film. If there is permeability, some small holes can be pricked in the plastic film to represent the permeable interlayer and interlayer.

The top surface of the preliminary three-dimensional oil reservoir model is covered with an impermeable plastic film, and covered with cement to ensure that the three-dimensional oil reservoir model is sealed and watertight.

The following is the realization method of the injection-production system

Step 104: Prepare a primary three-dimensional oil reservoir water flooding simulation model, specifically, according to the well pattern structure of the oil field, bury plastic pipes of different lengths in the three-dimensional oil reservoir model to simulate oil production wells and water injection wells, and prepare a primary three-dimensional oil reservoir Water flooding simulation model.

Embed plastic pipes of different lengths to simulate oil production wells and water injection wells, and arrange small holes in the corresponding developed oil intervals. The water injection well can be connected to an advection pump for pressurized water injection, and the oil production well can be connected to a swabbing piston or a syringe for swabbing Oil production can also flow out naturally by the pressure of reservoir water injection.

Step 105 : preparing a three-dimensional reservoir water flooding simulation model, specifically, burying a plurality of resistivity measuring instruments evenly in the primary three-dimensional reservoir water flooding simulation model to prepare a three-dimensional reservoir water flooding simulation model.

According to the actual situation of the oil field, the invention produces an approximate actual three-dimensional oil reservoir water flooding simulation model, and then monitors the water flooding front and the remaining oil saturation through the measurement of the resistivity.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a real-time dynamic monitoring visualization device applying a three-dimensional reservoir water drive simulation model.

The device includes a three-dimensional reservoir water drive simulation model, a data acquisition card 5 and a computer 6 . The computer 6 has a built-in set of three-dimensional space interpolation and graphic display software.

The three-dimensional reservoir water drive simulation model includes a sand filling model frame 1 , an oil production well 2 , a water injection well 3 , a resistivity measuring instrument 4 , a sand filling 7 , a fault 8 , and an interlayer 9 .

A plurality of the water injection wells 3, the plurality of the oil production wells 2 and the plurality of the resistivity measuring instruments 4 are embedded in different positions of the three-dimensional reservoir water drive simulation model.

Each of the resistivity measuring instruments 4 is connected to the computer 6 through the data acquisition card 5 .

The materials of the sand model frame 1 , the fault 8 and the interlayer 9 are all polycarbonate (PC) materials.

The oil production well 2 and the water injection well 3 are both plastic pipes; the oil production well 2 is arranged at the center of the three-dimensional oil reservoir water drive simulation model, and the water injection well 3 is arranged in the three-dimensional oil reservoir water drive simulation model The oil production well 2 is arranged around the 3D reservoir water drive simulation model, and the water injection well 3 is arranged at the center of the 3D reservoir water drive simulation model.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the oil production well 2 is arranged around the 3D reservoir water drive simulation model, the water injection well 3 is arranged at the center of the 3D reservoir water drive simulation model, and the water injection well 3 The number of oil production wells is 1, and the number of oil production wells 2 is 4.

The water injection well 3 can be connected to an advection pump for pressurized water injection, and the oil production well 2 can be connected to a swabbing piston or a syringe for swabbing and oil production, or it can flow out naturally by the pressure of reservoir water injection.

As shown in FIG. 5 , each resistivity measuring instrument 4 includes a positive metal probe 41 , a negative metal probe 42 , an insulator 43 for connecting the positive and negative metal probes, and an electric wire 44 . The positive metal probe 41 and the negative metal probe 42 are both connected to the data acquisition card 5 through wires 44 . The length of the insulator 43 is 2 cm.

Among them, the technology and method for real-time monitoring of water flooding conditions is that the multiple groups of resistivity measuring instruments 4 in the three-dimensional reservoir water flooding simulation model are connected to the computer 6 through wires 44 and the data acquisition card 5 . The data acquisition card 5 is used for real-time recording of the resistivity values of different positions at different times. Each set of resistivity meters 4 records a set of resistivity data at one location. Because the resistivity of crude oil is quite different from the resistivity of displacing water (in order to better distinguish the resistivity of the two, brine can be used), through the change of the resistivity value at different positions, the water flooding front is monitored. Propulsion speed, distance and degree of water drive.

The dynamic visualization technology and method of the water flooding front is used by the computer 6 to obtain the three-dimensional space through the three-dimensional space interpolation and the spatial grid interpolation algorithm in the graphic display software by using the resistivity values collected in real time at different positions at different times. The resistivity value, and then slice the three-dimensional space in any direction to show the resistivity value in different directions, and finally link the slices in the same direction at different times to form an animation display, which can monitor the advance of the water flooding front in real time. position and speed.

The computer can also establish the relationship between resistivity and oil saturation according to the results of rock electrical experiments, and convert the resistivity value into the size of oil saturation, so that the water washing of different parts of the oil reservoir after water flooding can be observed intuitively. Condition, remaining oil saturation.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can monitor the dynamic change of the water flooding front in real time, quantitatively monitor the change of the oil saturation in the oil reservoir, and improve the guiding effect of the experiment on oilfield development.

The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the present invention There will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of a three-dimensional oil reservoir water-drive simulation model is characterized by comprising the following steps:

establishing an oil reservoir three-dimensional virtual model, specifically establishing the oil reservoir three-dimensional virtual model according to an oil reservoir digital research result and actual requirements;

constructing a preliminary oil reservoir three-dimensional model, specifically, printing a sand filling model frame, an oil reservoir bottom surface and an oil reservoir fault frame by using a 3D printing technology according to the oil reservoir three-dimensional virtual model, and assembling the sand filling model frame, the oil reservoir bottom surface and the oil reservoir fault frame together to form the preliminary oil reservoir three-dimensional model;

building a three-dimensional oil reservoir model, specifically filling sand of different grain sizes into the preliminary oil reservoir three-dimensional model according to the heterogeneity of the oil reservoir, arranging an interlayer and an interlayer represented by a plastic film in the preliminary oil reservoir three-dimensional model according to the distribution of the interlayer and the interlayer in the oil reservoir, and then covering an impermeable film on the top surface of the preliminary oil reservoir three-dimensional model to form the three-dimensional oil reservoir model, wherein the adhesion is firm;

preparing a primary three-dimensional oil reservoir water-drive simulation model, specifically embedding plastic pipes with different lengths into the three-dimensional oil reservoir model according to the well pattern structure of an oil field to simulate an oil production well and an water injection well, and preparing the primary three-dimensional oil reservoir water-drive simulation model; the oil production well is arranged in the center of the primary three-dimensional reservoir water-drive simulation model, the water injection well is arranged around the primary three-dimensional reservoir water-drive simulation model or the oil production well is arranged around the primary three-dimensional reservoir water-drive simulation model, and the water injection well is arranged in the center of the primary three-dimensional reservoir water-drive simulation model;

and preparing a three-dimensional oil reservoir water drive simulation model, specifically embedding a plurality of resistivity measuring instruments in the primary three-dimensional oil reservoir water drive simulation model uniformly to prepare the three-dimensional oil reservoir water drive simulation model.

2. The method for preparing the three-dimensional reservoir water-flooding simulation model according to claim 1, wherein in constructing the three-dimensional reservoir model, the heterogeneity of the permeability of the three-dimensional reservoir model is simulated by mixing clay or mortar into sands of different grain sizes, and the permeability of the three-dimensional reservoir model is reduced by mixing mortar into sands of different grain sizes.

3. The method for preparing the three-dimensional reservoir water-drive simulation model as claimed in claim 1, wherein holes are punched in the plastic film to simulate permeability barriers and interlayers of the three-dimensional reservoir model in the process of constructing the three-dimensional reservoir model.

4. The method for preparing the three-dimensional reservoir water-drive simulation model according to claim 1, wherein in the step of constructing the three-dimensional reservoir model, an impermeable plastic film is covered on the top surface of the preliminary reservoir three-dimensional model, and is troweled and covered by cement to ensure that the three-dimensional reservoir model is sealed and watertight.

5. A real-time dynamic monitoring visualization device of a three-dimensional oil reservoir water-drive simulation model prepared by the preparation method of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the three-dimensional oil reservoir water-drive simulation model, a data acquisition card and a computer; a set of three-dimensional spatial interpolation and graphic display software is arranged in the computer;

the three-dimensional oil reservoir water drive simulation model comprises a sand filling model frame, sand filling, a fault, an interlayer, a water injection well, an oil production well and a resistivity measuring instrument; a plurality of the water injection wells, a plurality of the oil production wells and a plurality of the resistivity measuring instruments are buried in different positions of the three-dimensional reservoir water-drive simulation model;

the resistivity measuring instrument is connected with the computer through the data acquisition card;

the data acquisition card is used for recording the resistivity values of different positions at different moments in real time;

the computer is used for acquiring real-time collected resistivity values at different positions at different moments through three-dimensional space interpolation and a space gridding interpolation algorithm in graphic display software to obtain the resistivity values of the three-dimensional space, slicing the three-dimensional space in any direction, displaying the resistivity values in different directions, and finally linking the slices in the same direction at different times to form animation display;

the computer is also used for converting the resistivity value into the oil saturation according to a pre-established relational expression, and further displaying the water washing conditions of different parts of the oil reservoir after water flooding and the remaining oil saturation; the relational expression is a relational expression of resistivity value and oil saturation established according to rock-electricity experimental results.

6. The device for real-time dynamic monitoring and visualization as claimed in claim 5, wherein the water injection well is connected with a constant flow pump for pressurized water injection, and the oil production well is connected with a swabbing piston or an injector for swabbing oil production.

7. The device for real-time dynamic monitoring visualization according to claim 5, wherein the resistivity measuring instrument comprises a positive metal probe, a negative metal probe, an insulator for connecting the positive metal probe and the negative metal probe, and a wire; the positive metal probe and the negative metal probe are connected with the data acquisition card through the electric wire.

8. The real-time dynamic monitoring visualization device according to claim 5, wherein the oil production wells and the water injection wells are plastic pipes, and the number of the oil production wells and the number of the water injection wells are determined according to actual requirements.

9. The device for real-time dynamic monitoring visualization according to claim 5, wherein the sand-packed model frame, the fault and the interlayer are all made of polycarbonate materials.

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