CN109352057B - Control method for automatically switching indexing - Google Patents
Control method for automatically switching indexing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109352057B CN109352057B CN201811225285.3A CN201811225285A CN109352057B CN 109352057 B CN109352057 B CN 109352057B CN 201811225285 A CN201811225285 A CN 201811225285A CN 109352057 B CN109352057 B CN 109352057B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C9/00—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
Abstract
The invention discloses a control method for automatically switching indexing, relates to the technical field of machine tools, and aims to solve the problems of high technical difficulty, difficult operation and low automation degree in the traditional manual indexing switching process, wherein the technical scheme is as follows: s1, establishing a clamping device; s2, establishing a control system; s3, six-scale division processing; s4, indexing and switching; and S5, eight-index grinding. The control method for automatically switching the indexing has the advantages of simple operation, low operation difficulty, high switching efficiency and high automation degree.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a control method for automatically switching indexing.
Background
When milling a workpiece, a machine tool is generally used, and the machine tool generally includes a spindle for clamping the workpiece, and after clamping and positioning the workpiece by the spindle, the grinding wheel is moved to the workpiece to mill the workpiece. In actual processing, some parts need mill six halving on the work piece circumference, six graduation mill promptly, and some work pieces need mill eight halving, eight graduation mill promptly, when needs carry out the graduation and switch over, the tradition is through artifical division regulation to need during the regulation to operation such as tooth, regulation precision, more loaded down with trivial details and technical requirement height, degree of automation hangs down and leads to efficiency reduction.
It is therefore desirable to provide a new solution to the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a control method for automatically switching indexing, which has high automation degree and improves the switching efficiency.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a control method for automatically switching indexing comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a clamping device, wherein the clamping device comprises a workbench, a work box arranged on the workbench, a main shaft rotatably penetrating through the work box, a clamp arranged at the front end of the main shaft and used for clamping a workpiece, a first oil cylinder arranged in the work box and located on one side of the main shaft, a rack connected to a piston rod of the first oil cylinder, an index plate clamped on the main shaft and capable of axially sliding along the main shaft, and a second oil cylinder arranged on the other side of the main shaft and used for controlling the stroke of the rack, wherein the main shaft is fixedly connected with a third oil cylinder, and a piston rod of the third oil cylinder is abutted against the end face of the index plate and used for pushing the index plate to slide, so that the separation or the engagement of the index plate and the;
s2, establishing a control system comprising:
the detection line of the stroke detection assembly is perpendicular to the axis of the second oil cylinder piston rod, and the stroke detection assembly comprises a six-position sensor and an eight-position sensor and is used for detecting the movement of the second oil cylinder piston rod;
the safety detection assembly is arranged at the tail end of the main shaft and used for detecting the rotation angle of the main shaft and determining the switching time of eight division and six division;
the switching detection assembly is arranged at the tail end of the main shaft and used for detecting switching time and sending a switching signal to the controller;
the controller is connected with the stroke detection assembly and the safety detection assembly through electric signals and receives detection signals from the stroke detection assembly and the safety detection assembly, when the controller receives the detection signals of the stroke detection assembly, the controller controls the second oil cylinder to stop extending, when the controller receives switching signals of the safety detection assembly, the controller sends control signals to the stroke detection assembly, and the sextant inductor and the octtant inductor of the stroke detection assembly realize switching;
and S3, six-scale machining, comprising:
a1, the main shaft drives the workpiece to rotate to a milling station, and a grinding wheel of the machine tool feeds and mills the workpiece;
a2, retracting the third oil cylinder, moving the indexing disc along the main shaft to be meshed with the rack, extending the second oil cylinder, and stopping extending the second oil cylinder when the sextant inductor of the stroke detection assembly detects the end part of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder; the first oil cylinder pushes the rack to move towards the direction of the second oil cylinder until the rack is abutted against the end part of a piston rod of the second oil cylinder, and simultaneously drives the index plate and the main shaft to rotate for 60 degrees, so that the workpiece is driven to rotate for 60 degrees;
a3, the third oil cylinder pushes the index plate to move forwards to be separated from the rack, the index plate and the positioning plate are clamped in a clamping mode in an interaction mode, positioning is achieved, and the first oil cylinder drives the rack to move and reset to prepare for next driving;
s4, indexing switching, wherein the switching detection assembly detects and sends a switching signal to the controller, and the controller sends a control signal to the stroke detection assembly and controls the stroke detection assembly to switch to a response octant sensor state;
s5, eight-index milling, comprising:
b1, the third oil cylinder retracts to drive the indexing disc to move along the main shaft to be meshed with the rack, the second oil cylinder extends, and when the eighth position sensor of the stroke detection assembly detects the end part of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder, the second oil cylinder stops extending; the first oil cylinder pushes the rack to move towards the direction of the second oil cylinder until the rack is abutted against the end part of a piston rod of the second oil cylinder, and simultaneously drives the index plate and the main shaft to rotate for 45 degrees, so that the workpiece is driven to rotate for 45 degrees;
and B2, the third oil cylinder pushes the index plate to move forwards to be separated from the rack, and the first oil cylinder drives the rack to move and reset at the moment to prepare for the next working cycle.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through stroke detection subassembly control graduated disk pivoted angle at every turn, carry out real time monitoring to the operating condition of equipment through the safety detection subassembly, when operating condition appears unusually, the safety detection subassembly signals and remind the staff in time to overhaul, can detect suitable six graduation and eight graduation's switching time through switching detection subassembly, and send switching signal to the controller, later the controller can control stroke detection subassembly and switch the stroke operating mode, realize automatic switch-over, and not only easy operation, and it is efficient to switch over.
The invention is further configured to: safety inspection subassembly detects the post including connecting in the detection dish of main shaft tail end, six minutes along detecting dish circumference equipartition and detecting the post, along eight octants that detect dish circumference equipartition distributed detect the post, the plane that six minutes detected the post and constitute is parallel with the plane that the octant detected the post and constitutes, the work box outer wall is connected with first sensor and second sensor, first sensor is just detecting the post to a certain six minutes, the second sensor is just detecting the post to a certain octant, first sensor and second sensor are connected with the controller, the controller is connected with the graduation pilot lamp.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the program corresponds to the six-equal-division machining working condition, the controller receives and responds the detection signal of the first sensor, the detection signal of the second sensor does not respond, namely the spindle rotates 60 degrees every time, the six-division detection column rotates along with the spindle, and one six-division detection column is aligned with the first sensor every time the spindle rotates once, the first sensor detects the six-division detection column and sends a detection signal to the controller, the controller receives the detection signal and controls the index indicator lamp to be on to indicate that the equipment is in a normal working state, if the spindle rotates once, the six-division detection column and the first sensor are in a dislocation state, the first sensor cannot detect the six-division detection column and sends a detection signal to the controller, and the controller analyzes and processes the received detection signal and controls the index indicator lamp to be off to indicate that the equipment is in an abnormal working state, reminding workers to overhaul in time.
When the program corresponds to the eighth-equally divided working condition, the controller receives and responds to the detection signal of the second sensor and does not respond to the detection signal of the first sensor, namely, the main shaft rotates 45 degrees every time, the eighth detection column rotates along with the main shaft, and one eighth detection column is aligned with the second sensor every time the main shaft rotates once, the second sensor detects the eighth detection column and sends a detection signal to the controller, the second sensor receives the detection signal and controls the indexing indicator lamp to be on, the equipment is in a normal working state, if the main shaft rotates once, the eighth detection column and the second sensor are in a dislocation state, the second sensor cannot detect the eighth detection column, the controller sends a detection signal to the controller, and the controller analyzes and processes the received detection signal and controls the graduation indicator lamp to be turned off, so that the device is in an abnormal working state, and workers are reminded to overhaul in time.
The invention is further configured to: the main shaft end still is provided with switches determine module, switch determine module including fixed setting up in two of detecting the dish lateral wall detect the piece, and two detect the piece and be located the both ends of detecting a certain diameter of dish respectively, the work box outer wall is provided with the switching sensor who is used for responding to and detects the piece, switch sensor connection in controller, the controller is connected with the switching pilot lamp, later sets for the initial position who switches the sensor.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when switching the sensor and detecting the piece, send detected signal to the controller, controller control switches the pilot lamp and is bright, shows that safe switching can carry out this moment to avoid taking place to bump the problem of tooth, can automated inspection switching time, it is more convenient laborsaving to switch, has reduced the technical degree of difficulty.
The invention is further configured to: when the initial position of the switching sensor is set, the main shaft is rotated to enable a certain sixth-minute detection column to be aligned with the first sensor, a certain eighth-minute detection column to be aligned with the second sensor, the switching sensor is aligned with the detection sheet at the moment, and the switching sensor is fixed on the working box, so that the initial position setting is completed.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first terminal surface tooth and second terminal surface tooth all adopt 24 teeth, at first carry out initial position to detecting the piece and set for, detect the post when a certain sixth minute and align with first sensor, and when a certain eighth minute detects the post and aligns with the second sensor, show that graduated disk and positioning disk all are in normal meshing state when corresponding six partition processing operating modes or eight partition processing operating modes, can guarantee the graduated disk when carrying out six partitions and eight partitions switching this moment, the normal meshing of precision plate and positioning disk, avoid taking place to bump the problem of tooth.
The invention is further configured to: and the sextant inductor and the octect inductor both adopt optical fiber sensors.
The invention is further configured to: the precision disc is arranged at the position, between the index disc and the positioning disc, of the main shaft, end face teeth are arranged on two end faces of the precision disc, a spring is arranged on the end face, facing the positioning disc, of the precision disc, one end of the spring abuts against the positioning disc, and the other end of the spring abuts against the precision disc.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when needs fix a position the work piece, the third hydro-cylinder promotes the graduated disk and removes towards the positioning disk, the graduated disk at first meshes with the precision dish and promotes the precision dish and together slide towards the positioning disk, until precision dish and positioning disk meshing, thereby realize the relative chucking of main shaft and work box fixed, and the spring is in compression state this moment, when the third hydro-cylinder drives the graduated disk and withdraws to mesh with the rack, can promote the precision dish through the reset action of spring and slide towards the graduated disk, precision dish and positioning disk separation and with the graduated disk meshing this moment, when first hydro-cylinder promotes the rack and removes, can drive main shaft and graduated disk and rotate simultaneously, thereby drive the work piece and rotate to next station.
The invention is further configured to: the end face of the positioning disc facing the precision disc is provided with a butting groove, and the end part of the spring is butted in the butting groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the precision dish removed to the meshing towards the positioning disk, the spring tip at first butt in the butt inslot, and the spring was in compression state this moment, through setting up the butt groove, played certain limiting displacement to the spring tip, prevented that the spring tip from receiving the extrusion to take place the incline, improved the stability of structure.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the stroke detection assembly is used for controlling the angle of the index plate which rotates each time, the safety detection assembly is used for monitoring the working state of the equipment in real time, when the working state is abnormal, the safety detection assembly sends a signal and reminds workers of timely overhauling, the switching detection assembly can be used for detecting proper switching time of six-index and eight-index and sending a switching signal to the controller, and then the controller can control the stroke detection assembly to switch the stroke working condition, so that automatic switching is realized, the operation is simple, and the switching efficiency is high;
2. when the switching sensor detects the detection piece, send detected signal to the controller, the controller control switches the pilot lamp and lights, shows that can carry out the safe switching this moment to avoid taking place to bump the problem of tooth, can automated inspection switching time, it is more convenient laborsaving to switch, has reduced the technical degree of difficulty.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the internal structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the indexing disk and spindle of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching detection module according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a system block diagram of the control system of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a workbench; 2. a work box; 3. a main shaft; 4. a clamp; 5. a drive mechanism; 6. an adjustment assembly; 7. an index plate; 8. straight teeth; 9. a first cylinder; 10. a rack; 11. a first keyway; 12. a key; 13. a second keyway; 14. a second cylinder; 15. a third oil cylinder; 16. a positioning assembly; 17. positioning a plate; 18. a first end face tooth; 19. a second end face tooth; 20. a precision disc; 22. a butt joint groove; 23. a spring; 24. a safety detection component; 25. detecting a disc; 26. sixthly, separating a detection column; 27. an eighth detection column; 28. a first sensor; 29. a second sensor; 30. a controller; 31. an index indicator light; 32. a stroke detection assembly; 33. a sextant inductor; 34. an octant sensor; 35. switching the detection component; 36. detecting a sheet; 37. switching a sensor; 38. and switching the indicator light.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the automatic indexing switching apparatus disclosed by the present invention includes a table 1, a work box 2 is disposed on an upper surface of the table 1, a spindle 3 is rotatably inserted into the work box 2, a fixture 4 for clamping a workpiece, such as a three-jaw chuck, is disposed at a front end of the spindle 3, a driving mechanism 5 for driving the spindle 3 to rotate is further disposed at one side of the spindle 3, and an adjusting assembly 6 for controlling a stroke of the driving mechanism 5 is disposed at the other side of the spindle 3. The main shaft 3 is used for clamping a workpiece, an external tool such as a grinding wheel or a milling cutter is used for machining a certain angle of the workpiece, then the driving mechanism 5 drives the main shaft 3 and the workpiece to rotate by a specific angle, other positions of the workpiece can be machined conveniently, the main shaft 3 can be driven to rotate through the driving mechanism 5, the stroke of the driving mechanism 5 can be controlled under the action of the adjusting assembly 6 on the driving mechanism 5, the workpiece can be controlled to rotate by an equal angle every time, and the workpiece can be machined in an equal indexing manner.
As shown in fig. 2, the driving mechanism 5 includes an index plate 7 which is slidably sleeved on the main shaft 3 in the axial direction and can drive the main shaft 3 to rotate, a straight tooth 8 which is integrally formed with the circumference of the index plate 7, a first cylinder 9 which is fixedly arranged in the work box 2 through a bolt and is positioned at one side of the main shaft 3, and a rack 10 which is connected to a piston rod of the first cylinder 9 and is intermittently meshed with the index plate 7. When the adjusting component 6 pushes the dividing disc 7 to move axially along the spindle 3 to be meshed with the rack 10, the rack 10 is pushed to move horizontally by the first oil cylinder 9, so that the dividing disc 7 is driven to rotate, the rotating angle of the dividing disc 7 is adjusted by adjusting the moving stroke of the rack 10, the dividing disc 7 rotates so that the spindle 3 and a workpiece are driven to rotate, when the adjusting component 6 pushes the dividing disc 7 to move axially along the spindle 3 to be separated from the rack 10, the first oil cylinder 9 drives the rack 10 to retract and reset, the adjusting component 6 pushes the dividing disc 7 to move forwards to be in a locking state, and the workpiece is positioned.
As shown in fig. 4, a first key groove 11 is formed in the main shaft 3, the first key groove 11 is formed along the length direction of the main shaft 3, a key 12 with the same length as the first key groove 11 is fixedly clamped in the first key groove 11, a second key groove 13 is formed in the inner wall of the index plate 7, and the second key groove 13 is in sliding fit with the key 12. Therefore, the dividing plate 7 can move axially along the main shaft 3, the main shaft 3 can be driven to rotate when the dividing plate 7 rotates, the main shaft 3 is driven to play a role, and when the adjusting assembly 6 pushes the dividing plate 7, the dividing plate 7 can slide axially along the main shaft 3, so that the dividing or meshing with the rack 10 is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the adjusting assembly 6 includes a second cylinder 14 fixedly disposed in the work box 2 by a bolt, the second cylinder 14 is located at the opposite side of the driving mechanism 5, a piston rod of the second cylinder 14 is collinear with the rack 10, and a piston rod of the second cylinder 14 abuts against an end of the rack 10, a third cylinder 15 is further disposed on the main shaft 3, and a piston rod of the third cylinder 15 is connected to a side wall of the index plate 7 and can push the index plate 7 to slide along the key 12, so as to achieve separation or engagement with the rack 10. When the main shaft 3 needs to be driven to rotate, the first oil cylinder 9 pushes the rack 10 and drives the dividing disc 7 to rotate, the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 14 is extended to a required length, so that when the first oil cylinder 9 pushes the rack 10 to extend, the end of the rack 10 is abutted against the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 14, the moving stroke of the rack 10 is adjusted, when the extension amount of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 14 is increased, the moving stroke of the rack 10 is reduced, when the extension amount of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 14 is reduced, the moving stroke of the rack 10 is increased, and therefore the dividing disc 7 is driven at different angles. The third oil cylinder 15 pushes the dividing disc 7 to slide along the main shaft 3, at the moment, the dividing disc 7 is separated from the rack 10, and the first oil cylinder 9 can drive the rack 10 to retract and reset to prepare for the next working cycle.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 6, the control method for automatically switching indexing disclosed by the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, establishing a clamping device, wherein the clamping device comprises a workbench 1, a work box 2 arranged on the workbench 1, a main shaft 3 rotatably penetrating the work box 2, a clamp 4 arranged at the front end of the main shaft 3 and used for clamping a workpiece, a first oil cylinder 9 arranged in the work box 2 and located on one side of the main shaft 3, a rack 10 connected with a piston rod of the first oil cylinder 9, an index plate 7 clamped on the main shaft 3 and capable of axially sliding along the main shaft 3, and a second oil cylinder 14 arranged on the other side of the main shaft 3 and used for controlling the stroke of the rack 10, wherein the main shaft 3 is fixedly connected with a third oil cylinder 15, and a piston rod of the third oil cylinder 15 is abutted against the end face of the index plate 7 and used for pushing the index plate 7 to slide, so as to control the separation or engagement of the index plate 7 and the.
As shown in fig. 3, a positioning assembly 16 is further disposed on the main shaft 3, the positioning assembly 16 includes a positioning plate 17 disposed at one end of the work box 2 close to the index plate 7, a first end face tooth 18 is disposed on a side wall of the positioning plate 17 facing the index plate 7, and a second end face tooth 19 corresponding to the first end face tooth 18 is disposed on a side wall of the index plate 7. Therefore, after the main shaft 3 rotates by a specific angle, the third oil cylinder 15 pushes the index plate 7 to move towards the direction of the positioning plate 17 along the main shaft 3, and the second end face teeth 19 are meshed with the first end face teeth 18 to realize clamping, so that when a workpiece is milled or milled, the main shaft 3 can be prevented from rotating, the main shaft 3 is positioned, and the machining precision is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, a precision disc 20 is arranged at a position of the main shaft 3 between the index disc 7 and the positioning disc 17, the precision disc 20 is slidably clamped on the key 12, so that the precision disc 20 can slide along the axial direction of the main shaft 3, end face teeth are arranged on both end faces of the precision disc 20, the end face teeth on both ends are respectively meshed with the first end face teeth 18 and the second end face teeth 19, a spring 23 is arranged on the end face of the positioning disc 17 facing the precision disc 20, one end of the spring 23 abuts against the positioning disc 17, and the other end abuts against the precision disc 20; when a workpiece needs to be positioned, the third oil cylinder 15 pushes the indexing disc 7 to move towards the positioning disc 17, the indexing disc 7 is firstly meshed with the precision disc 20 and pushes the precision disc 20 to slide towards the positioning disc 17 together until the precision disc 20 is meshed with the positioning disc 17, so that the spindle 3 and the working box 2 are clamped and fixed relatively, the spring 23 is in a compression state at the moment, when the third oil cylinder 15 drives the indexing disc 7 to return to be meshed with the rack 10, the precision disc 20 can be pushed to slide towards the indexing disc 7 through the resetting effect of the spring 23, the precision disc 20 is separated from the positioning disc 17 and meshed with the indexing disc 7 at the moment, and when the first oil cylinder 9 pushes the rack 10 to move, the spindle 3 and the indexing disc 7 can be driven to rotate simultaneously, so that the workpiece is driven to rotate to the next station.
As shown in fig. 3, an abutting groove 22 is formed in an end surface of the positioning plate 17 facing the fine dial 20, and an end of the spring 23 abuts against the abutting groove 22; when the precision disc 20 moves to the meshing position towards the positioning disc 17, the spring 23 is in a compression state and is abutted in the abutting groove 22, a certain limiting effect is achieved on the end portion of the spring 23 by arranging the abutting groove 22, the end portion of the spring 23 is prevented from being extruded to be deflected, and the stability of the structure is improved.
S2, establishing a control system comprising:
as shown in fig. 2, the stroke detection assembly 32, the detection line of the stroke detection assembly 32 is perpendicular to the axis of the piston rod of the second cylinder 14, the stroke detection assembly 32 includes a sextant inductor 33 and an octant inductor 34 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the working box 2 through bolts, and is used for detecting the movement amount of the piston rod of the second cylinder 14, and when the end of the piston rod of the second cylinder 14 moves to the detection line of the sextant inductor 33, the rack 10 moves to abut against the end of the piston rod of the second cylinder 14, the index plate 7 rotates 60 °, and when the piston rod of the second cylinder 14 moves to the detection line of the octant inductor 34, the rack 10 moves to abut against the end of the piston rod of the second cylinder 14, and the index plate 7 rotates 45 °; the sextant inductor 33 and the octant inductor 34 both use optical fiber sensors.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the safety detection assembly 24 is disposed at the end of the spindle 3, and is configured to detect a rotation angle of the spindle 3 and determine switching time between eight divisions and six divisions; the safety detection assembly 24 comprises a detection disc 25 connected to the tail end of the spindle 3, six divide-by-six detection columns 26 equally distributed along the circumference of the detection disc 25, eight divide-by-eight detection columns 27 equally distributed along the circumference of the detection disc 25, the six divide-by detection columns 26 and the eight divide-by-eight detection columns 27 can be replaced by bolts, a plane formed by the six divide-by-six detection columns 26 is parallel to a plane formed by the eight divide-by detection columns 27, the outer wall of the work box 2 is connected with a first sensor 28 and a second sensor 29, the detection line of the first sensor 28 is over against one of the six divide-by-six detection columns 26, the detection line of the second sensor 29 is over against one of the eight divide-by-eight detection columns 27, the first sensor 28 and the second sensor 29 are electrically connected with a controller 30, the controller 30 is electrically connected with an index indicator lamp 31.
As shown in fig. 1, the controller 30 is connected to the stroke detection assembly 32 and the safety detection assembly 24 through electrical signals, and receives detection signals from the stroke detection assembly 32 and the safety detection assembly 24, when the controller 30 receives the detection signal of the stroke detection assembly 32, the controller 30 controls the second cylinder 14 to stop extending, and when the controller 30 receives a switching signal of the switching detection assembly 35, the controller 30 sends a control signal to the stroke detection assembly 32, so that the controller 30 switches the response states of the sextant sensor 33 and the octant sensor 34.
As shown in fig. 5, the switching detection assembly 35 includes two detection sheets 36 fixed on the side wall of the detection tray 25 by bolts, the two detection sheets 36 are respectively located at two ends of a certain diameter of the detection tray 25, the outer wall of the working box 2 is provided with a switching sensor 37 for sensing the detection sheets 36, the switching sensor 37 is electrically connected to the controller 30, the controller 30 is electrically connected to a switching indicator 38, and then an initial position of the switching sensor 37 is set.
As shown in fig. 5, when the initial position of the switching sensor 37 is set, the spindle 3 is rotated so that any one of the sixth minute detecting column 26 is aligned with the first sensor 28 and any one of the eighth minute detecting column 27 is aligned with the second sensor 29, and at this time, the switching sensor 37 is aligned with the detecting piece 36 and the switching sensor 37 is fixed to the work box 2, thereby completing the initial position setting.
And S3, six-scale machining, comprising:
a1, the main shaft 3 drives the workpiece to rotate to a milling station, and a grinding wheel of the machine tool feeds and mills the workpiece;
a2, retracting the third oil cylinder 15, moving the dividing disc 7 along the main shaft 3 to be meshed with the rack 10, extending the second oil cylinder 14, and stopping extending the second oil cylinder 14 when the sextant inductor 33 of the stroke detection assembly 32 detects the end part of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 14; the first oil cylinder 9 pushes the rack 10 to move towards the direction of the second oil cylinder 14 to be abutted against the end part of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 14, and simultaneously drives the index plate 7 and the main shaft 3 to rotate for 60 degrees, so that the workpiece is driven to rotate for 60 degrees;
a3, the third oil cylinder 15 pushes the index plate 7 to move forward to be separated from the rack 10, the index plate 7 and the positioning plate 17 are clamped in an interaction manner to realize positioning, and at the moment, the first oil cylinder 9 drives the rack 10 to move and reset to prepare for next driving;
s4, switching, the switching detection module 35 detects the detection piece 36 and sends a switching signal to the controller 30, and the controller 30 sends a control signal to the stroke detection module 32 and controls the stroke detection module 32 to switch to the state of responding to the eighth sensor 34;
s5, eight-index milling, comprising:
b1, the third oil cylinder 15 retracts to drive the dividing disc 7 to move along the main shaft 3 to be meshed with the rack 10, the second oil cylinder 14 extends, and when the eighth position sensor 34 of the stroke detection assembly 32 detects the end part of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 14, the second oil cylinder 14 stops extending; the first oil cylinder 9 pushes the rack 10 to move towards the direction of the second oil cylinder 14 to be abutted against the end part of a piston rod of the second oil cylinder 14, and simultaneously drives the index plate 7 and the main shaft 3 to rotate for 45 degrees, so that the workpiece is driven to rotate for 45 degrees;
b2, the third oil cylinder 15 pushes the index plate 7 to move forward to be separated from the rack 10, and the first oil cylinder 9 drives the rack 10 to move and reset at the moment to prepare for the next working cycle.
Referring to fig. 6, two sets of programs respectively corresponding to the six-equally divided machining condition and the eight-equally divided machining condition of the workpiece are set in the PLC controller 30, and when the programs correspond to the six-equally divided machining condition, the working flow is as follows: firstly, the PLC controller 30 receives and responds to the detection signal of the sextant sensor 33, does not respond to the detection signal of the octant sensor 34, and when the piston rod of the second cylinder 14 moves to the sextant sensor 33, the controller 30 receives the detection signal of the sextant sensor 33 to analyze and process, and controls the piston rod of the second cylinder 14 to stop moving; secondly, the first oil cylinder 9 pushes the rack 10 to extend until the rack is abutted against a piston rod of the second oil cylinder 14, so that one-time driving is completed, and at the moment, the index plate 7 drives the main shaft 3 and the workpiece to rotate for 60 degrees; thirdly, the third oil cylinder 15 pushes the dividing disc 7 to move towards the positioning disc 17 and separate from the rack 10, meanwhile, the first oil cylinder 9 drives the dividing disc 7 to retract and reset, and the dividing disc 7 pushes the precision disc 20 to slide towards the positioning disc 17 and be clamped with the positioning disc 17, so that the main shaft 3 is positioned, and a workpiece is conveniently machined; fourthly, the third oil cylinder 15 drives the index plate 7 to be retracted to be meshed with the rack 10, and meanwhile, the spring 23 pushes the fine dial 20 to slide towards the index plate 7 and be meshed with the index plate 7, so that the fine dial can synchronously rotate with the main shaft 3 when the first oil cylinder 9 is driven again; and fifthly, repeating the steps for six times to complete six equal parts of circumferential machining of the workpiece.
At the same time, the PLC controller 30 receives and responds to the detection signal of the first sensor 28, does not respond to the detection signal of the second sensor 29, that is, every time the spindle 3 rotates 60 degrees, the sixteenth detection column 26 rotates along with the spindle, and every time the spindle rotates once, one sixteenth detection column 26 is aligned with the first sensor 28, the first sensor 28 detects the sixteenth detection column 26 and sends a detection signal to the PLC controller 30, the PLC receives the detection signal and controls the index indicator lamp 31 to light, which indicates that the device is in a normal working state, if the spindle 3 rotates once, the sixteenth detection column 26 and the first sensor 28 are in a dislocation state, the first sensor 28 cannot detect the sixth minute detection column 26, and sends a detection signal to the PLC controller 30, and the PLC analyzes and processes the received detection signal and controls the index indicator lamp 31 to go out, indicating that the device is in an abnormal working state, so as to remind a worker to overhaul in time.
When the program corresponds to the eighth-halving working condition, the working flow is as follows: firstly, the PLC controller 30 receives and responds to the detection signal of the eighth sensor 34, does not respond to the detection signal of the sixth sensor 33, and when the piston rod of the second cylinder 14 moves to the eighth sensor 34, the PLC controller 30 receives the detection signal of the eighth sensor 34 to analyze and process the detection signal, and controls the piston rod of the second cylinder 14 to stop moving; secondly, the first oil cylinder 9 pushes the rack 10 to extend until the rack is abutted against a piston rod of the second oil cylinder 14, so that one-time driving is completed, and at the moment, the index plate 7 drives the main shaft 3 and the workpiece to rotate for 45 degrees; thirdly, the third oil cylinder 15 pushes the dividing disc 7 to move towards the positioning disc 17 and separate from the rack 10, meanwhile, the first oil cylinder 9 drives the dividing disc 7 to retract and reset, and the dividing disc 7 pushes the precision disc 20 to slide towards the positioning disc 17 and be clamped with the positioning disc 17, so that the main shaft 3 is positioned, and a workpiece is conveniently machined; fourthly, the third oil cylinder 15 drives the index plate 7 to be retracted to be meshed with the rack 10, and meanwhile, the spring 23 pushes the fine dial 20 to slide towards the index plate 7 and be meshed with the index plate 7, so that the fine dial can synchronously rotate with the main shaft 3 when the first oil cylinder 9 is driven again; and fifthly, repeating the steps eight times to complete the eight-equal-part machining of the circumferential direction of the workpiece.
At the same time, the PLC controller 30 receives and responds to the detection signal of the second sensor 29, does not respond to the detection signal of the first sensor 28, that is, every time the main shaft 3 rotates 45 degrees, the eighth detecting column 27 rotates along with the main shaft, and every time the main shaft rotates once, one eighth detecting column 27 is aligned with the second sensor 29, the second sensor 29 detects the eighth detecting column 27 and sends a detection signal to the PLC controller 30, the PLC receives the detection signal and controls the index indicator lamp 31 to light, the equipment is in a normal working state, if the main shaft 3 rotates once, the eighth detecting column 27 and the second sensor 29 are in a dislocation state, the second sensor 29 cannot detect the eighth detection column 27 and sends a detection signal to the PLC controller 30, and the PLC analyzes and processes the received detection signal and controls the index indicator lamp 31 to go out, indicating that the device is in an abnormal working state, so as to remind a worker to overhaul in time.
When the switching from the sixth-halving working condition to the eighth-halving working condition needs to be realized, the PLC controller 30 simultaneously receives and responds to the detection signals of the first sensor 28, the second sensor 29 and the switching sensor 37, when the first sensor 28, the second sensor 29 and the switching sensor 37 simultaneously feed back the detection signals to the controller 30, then the controller 30 starts responding to the detection signal of the eighth-position sensor 34 and does not respond to the detection signal of the sixth-position sensor 33, and then the eighth-halving working step for the workpiece is repeated. When the switching from the eighth-halving working condition to the sixth-halving working condition needs to be realized, the PLC controller 30 simultaneously receives and responds to the detection signals of the first sensor 28, the second sensor 29 and the switching sensor 37, when the first sensor 28, the second sensor 29 and the switching sensor 37 simultaneously feed back the detection signals to the controller 30, then the controller 30 starts to respond to the detection signal of the sixth-halving sensor 33 and does not respond to the detection signal of the eighth-halving sensor 34, and then the sixth-halving working step for the workpiece is repeated.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A control method for automatically switching indexing is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a clamping device, wherein the clamping device comprises a workbench (1), a work box (2) arranged on the workbench (1), a main shaft (3) rotatably penetrating the work box (2), a clamp (4) arranged at the front end of the main shaft (3) and used for clamping a workpiece, a first oil cylinder (9) arranged in the work box (2) and located on one side of the main shaft (3), a rack (10) connected with a piston rod of the first oil cylinder (9), and a dividing disc (7) clamped on the main shaft (3) and capable of axially sliding along the main shaft (3), wherein the rack (10) is intermittently meshed with the dividing disc (7), the clamping device also comprises a second oil cylinder (14) arranged on the other side of the main shaft (3) and used for controlling the stroke of the rack (10), the main shaft (3) is fixedly connected with a third oil cylinder (15), a piston rod of the third oil cylinder (15) is abutted against the end face of the dividing disc (7) and used, thereby controlling the separation or the engagement of the dividing disc (7) and the rack (10);
s2, establishing a control system comprising:
the detection line of the stroke detection assembly (32) is perpendicular to the axis of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder (14), and the stroke detection assembly (32) comprises a sextant sensor (33) and an octtant sensor (34) and is used for detecting the movement of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder (14);
the safety detection assembly (24) is arranged at the tail end of the main shaft (3) and used for detecting the rotation angle of the main shaft (3) and determining the switching time of eight divisions and six divisions;
the switching detection component (35) is arranged at the tail end of the main shaft (3) and used for detecting switching time and sending a switching signal to the controller (30);
the controller (30) is connected to the stroke detection assembly (32) and the safety detection assembly (24) through electric signals and receives detection signals from the stroke detection assembly (32) and the safety detection assembly (24), when the controller (30) receives the detection signals of the stroke detection assembly (32), the controller (30) controls the second oil cylinder (14) to stop extending, when the controller (30) receives switching signals of the safety detection assembly (24), the controller (30) sends out control signals to the stroke detection assembly (32), and a sextant inductor (33) and an octant inductor (34) of the stroke detection assembly (32) realize switching;
and S3, six-scale machining, comprising:
a1, the main shaft (3) drives the workpiece to rotate to a milling station, and a grinding wheel of the machine tool feeds and mills the workpiece;
a2, retracting the third oil cylinder (15), moving the index plate (7) along the main shaft (3) to be meshed with the rack (10), extending the second oil cylinder (14), and stopping extending the second oil cylinder (14) when the sextant inductor (33) of the stroke detection assembly (32) detects the end part of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder (14); the first oil cylinder (9) pushes the rack (10) to move towards the direction of the second oil cylinder (14) to be abutted against the end part of a piston rod of the second oil cylinder (14), and simultaneously drives the index plate (7) and the main shaft (3) to rotate for 60 degrees, so that the workpiece is driven to rotate for 60 degrees;
a3, the third oil cylinder (15) pushes the index plate (7) to move forwards to be separated from the rack (10), the index plate (7) and the positioning plate (17) are clamped in a clamping mode in an interaction mode to achieve positioning, and the first oil cylinder (9) drives the rack (10) to move and reset at the moment to prepare for next driving;
s4, the switching detection component (35) detects and sends a switching signal to the controller (30), and the controller (30) sends a control signal to the stroke detection component (32) and controls the stroke detection component (32) to switch to a state responding to the eighth position sensor (34);
s5, eight-index milling, comprising:
b1, the third oil cylinder (15) retracts to drive the dividing disc (7) to move along the main shaft (3) to be meshed with the rack (10), the second oil cylinder (14) extends, and when the eighth-position sensor (34) of the stroke detection assembly (32) detects the end part of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder (14), the second oil cylinder (14) stops extending; the first oil cylinder (9) pushes the rack (10) to move towards the direction of the second oil cylinder (14) to be abutted against the end part of a piston rod of the second oil cylinder (14), and simultaneously drives the index plate (7) and the main shaft (3) to rotate for 45 degrees, so that the workpiece is driven to rotate for 45 degrees;
b2, the third oil cylinder (15) pushes the index plate (7) to move forwards to be separated from the rack (10), and at the moment, the first oil cylinder (9) drives the rack (10) to move and reset to prepare for the next working cycle.
2. The control method for automatically switching indexing according to claim 1, wherein: safety inspection subassembly (24) detect post (26) including connecting in detection dish (25) of main shaft (3) tail end, six minutes along detecting dish (25) circumference equipartition detect post (26), eight octants along detecting dish (25) circumference equipartition detect post (27), the plane that six minutes detected post (26) are constituteed is parallel with the plane that octant detected post (27) are constituteed, workbin (2) outer wall connection has first sensor (28) and second sensor (29), first sensor (28) are just detecting post (26) to a certain six minutes, second sensor (29) are just detecting post (27) to a certain octant, first sensor (28) are connected with controller (30) with second sensor (29), controller (30) are connected with graduation pilot lamp (31).
3. The control method for automatically switching indexing according to claim 2, wherein: main shaft (3) end still is provided with switches detection module (35), switch detection module (35) including fixed set up in two detection piece (36) of detecting dish (25) lateral wall, and two detection piece (36) are located the both ends of detecting a certain diameter of dish (25) respectively, workbin (2) outer wall is provided with switching sensor (37) that are used for responding to detection piece (36), switching sensor (37) are connected in controller (30), controller (30) are connected with switches pilot lamp (38), later set for the initial condition who switches sensor (37).
4. A control method of automatic switching indexing according to claim 3, characterized in that: when the initial state of the switching sensor (37) is set, the main shaft (3) is rotated to enable one of the sixteenth detection columns (26) to be aligned with the first sensor (28) and one of the eightieth detection columns (27) to be aligned with the second sensor (29), at the moment, the switching sensor (37) is aligned with the detection sheet (36), and the switching sensor (37) is fixed on the work box (2), so that the initial state setting is completed.
5. The control method for automatically switching indexing according to claim 2, wherein: the sextant inductor (33) and the octect inductor (34) both adopt optical fiber sensors.
6. The control method for automatically switching indexing according to claim 1, wherein: the main shaft (3) is provided with a precision disc (20) at a position between the index disc (7) and the positioning disc (17), end face teeth are arranged on two end faces of the precision disc (20), a spring (23) is arranged on the end face, facing the positioning disc (17), of the precision disc (20), one end of the spring (23) abuts against the positioning disc (17), and the other end abuts against the precision disc (20).
7. The control method for automatically switching indexing according to claim 6, wherein: an abutting groove (22) is formed in the end face, facing the precision disc (20), of the positioning disc (17), and the end portion of the spring (23) abuts against the inside of the abutting groove (22).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN207189317U (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-04-06 | 潘耀军 | A kind of high-accuracy automatic indexing frock |
| CN207642374U (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-24 | 浙江可斯达车用电机有限公司 | Automatic indexing slotting attachment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2008110416A (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-15 | Pascal Engineering Corp | Fluid pressure driven dividing device |
| CN201389666Y (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-01-27 | 刘勉生 | Indexing positioning device of screwdriver head automatic milling machine |
| CN201823996U (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2011-05-11 | 玉环福尔加机械有限公司 | Workpiece angle regulating mechanism in slot milling machine for slotted nuts |
| CN204487281U (en) * | 2015-04-06 | 2015-07-22 | 湖州师范学院 | Circular index device |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN207189317U (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-04-06 | 潘耀军 | A kind of high-accuracy automatic indexing frock |
| CN207642374U (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-24 | 浙江可斯达车用电机有限公司 | Automatic indexing slotting attachment |
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