CN109351921A - A kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method - Google Patents

A kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109351921A
CN109351921A CN201811358424.XA CN201811358424A CN109351921A CN 109351921 A CN109351921 A CN 109351921A CN 201811358424 A CN201811358424 A CN 201811358424A CN 109351921 A CN109351921 A CN 109351921A
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Prior art keywords
mold
gear box
vehicle gear
forming part
base portion
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CN201811358424.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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廖月
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Hefei Kang Zhi Heng Machinery Technology Co Ltd
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Hefei Kang Zhi Heng Machinery Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811358424.XA priority Critical patent/CN109351921A/en
Publication of CN109351921A publication Critical patent/CN109351921A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/18—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C10/20—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being diffused
    • C23C10/24—Salt bath containing the element to be diffused
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/60—After-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/241—Chemical after-treatment on the surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to automobile component manufacturing technology fields, more particularly to a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method, the following steps are included: (1) designs the threedimensional model of mold according to vehicle speed variation box part, hierarchy slicing processing is carried out to threedimensional model, mold includes base portion, buffer part and forming part；(2) the threedimensional model parameter of mold is input in 3D printing equipment, printing obtains the base portion of mold；(3) buffer part is printed in base portion；(4) the printing shaping portion in buffer part；(5) forming part is surface-treated.The base portion upper surface is equipped with multiple first blind holes, buffering lower surface corresponds to each first blind hole and is equipped with the first protrusion, buffer part upper surface is equipped with multiple the second protrusions not being overlapped with the first raised axis, and molding lower surface corresponds to each second protrusion and is equipped with the second blind hole.This method has well solved the disadvantages of development cycle existing for each part mold of existing vehicle gear box is long, service life precision gradually decreases.

Description

A kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to automobile component manufacturing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method.
Background technique
Gearbox is very important component on vehicle, it can change transmission ratio, expands driving wheel torque and revolving speed Effect.With the development of modern science and technology, there has also been upgradings for gearbox, from initial manual transmission, to automatic gear-box and nothing Grade gearbox, then double clutch gearboxes till now, from no synchronizer to there is synchronizer, manipulation is more and more convenient, internal junction Structure becomes increasingly complex, and precision requirement is also higher and higher.
The all parts of vehicle gear box would generally use mold molding, such as automatic transmission casing in the fabrication process Mold, gear shift cover mold, gearbox shift fork mold, the specific such as Chinese invention patent of Publication No. CN106825490A A kind of disclosed CVT automatic transmission casing die casting, the mold using in such a way that mold insert embeds mold insert to oil circuit slot at Extruding feeding is carried out, while locking device is set and has locked side pressure pressing position, thus guarantee pressure position at oil circuit groove location, Effect is preferable when feeding；For another example notification number is a kind of gear shift cover disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent of CN206200097U Oval runner mold, the mold use oval cross section runner, reduce what the thermal stress occurred in trapezoidal runner was excessively concentrated Problem, thus the problem of keeping the thermal stress distribution of entire runner more uniform, reduce runner cracking；There are also notification numbers to be A kind of speed-changing box pulling fork mold system disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent of CN206425529U.Shell, end cap and shift fork etc. It is all the important composition component of vehicle gear box, as the accuracy of manufacture to vehicle gear box requires higher and higher, each portion Part also requires cooperation precision, dimensional accuracy high, and surface roughness is low, and then the requirement of the mould and die accuracy to manufacture section components It is higher.In practical manufacturing process, the mold of each component of vehicle gear box is manufactured due to bearing extreme shock and repeated stock, The part of mold is easy to produce blind crack even macroscopic cracking, so as to cause crack of die failure；Also some is in mold Partial region abrasion loss it is larger, easily cause the wear-out failure of mold, these all significantly affect the service life of mold；And And with the use of mold, precision is gradually lowered, and is not able to satisfy the manufacture requirement of precise part.Meanwhile as vehicle becomes The structure design of fast case becomes increasingly complex, and the design cycle of each component of vehicle gear box shortens, and traditional mold design period is more The replacement of not upper each component of vehicle gear box improves, and development cycle and Operational preparation time are still longer.
Surface galling is also always the problem faced in the production of vehicle gear box mold.In recent years, exist along with high-strength steel A large amount of uses on gear box casing, common die surface quality have been difficult to meet increasingly harsh operating condition, and low The die surface of quality be easy to cause many failures, such as abrasion, plucking.Surface galling can be solved using sintered steel very well Problem, but it is excessively high using the cost of sintered steel, be not suitable for large-scale production and application.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method, solutions The disadvantages of development cycle existing for certainly existing each part mold of vehicle gear box is long, service life precision gradually decreases.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing methods, comprising the following steps:
(1) threedimensional model of corresponding mold is designed according to the corresponding component of vehicle gear box, and the threedimensional model is divided Layer slicing treatment, the mold includes base portion, buffer part and forming part；
(2) the threedimensional model parameter of mold in step (1) is input in laser 3D printing device and is printed, printed first To the base portion of the mold, the base portion is formed by metal powder granulates by laser printing, and the power of laser printing is 280-470W, print speed 55-78mm3/ min, the average grain diameter of the metal powder granulates used is 42-46 μm；
(3) buffer part is printed in base portion obtained in step (2), the buffer part is by aluminium oxide ceramics or zirconia ceramics Particle is formed by laser printing, and the power density of laser printing is 88-100W/cm 3, the aluminium oxide ceramics or zirconium oxide of use The average grain diameter of ceramic particle is 16-24 μm；
(4) printing shaping portion in the buffer part obtained in step (3), the forming part are beaten by metal powder granulates by laser Impression is at the power of laser printing is 220-300W, print speed 46-62mm3/ min, the metal powder granulates of use Average grain diameter is 36-42 μm；
(5) forming part obtained in step (4) is surface-treated, obtains vehicle gear box mold；
The upper surface of the base portion is equipped with multiple first blind holes, and the lower surface of buffer part corresponds to each first blind hole and is equipped with First protrusion, the upper surface of buffer part are equipped with multiple the second protrusions not being overlapped with the first raised axis, the lower surface of forming part Each corresponding second protrusion is equipped with the second blind hole.
Preferably, in step (1), after the completion of the design of the threedimensional model of vehicle gear box mold, by corresponding vehicle speed variation The threedimensional model of the specific component of case imports Three-dimensional Design Software and the threedimensional model of mold carries out adaptability pre-assembled, according to assembly Mated condition, dimensional structure is finely adjusted.
Preferably, in step (1), after the completion of the design of vehicle gear box mold threedimensional model, finite element analysis software is utilized Deform-3D carries out the specific component simulation forming process of simulation analysis and mold stress condition, according to crackle production and mill The size of damage amount changes material proportion and adjustment partial structurtes size.
Preferably, spraying nano particle processing, the material of the nano particle are carried out in the neighboring area of each first blind hole Material is aluminium oxide ceramics or zirconia ceramics, and the average grain diameter of the nano particle is less than 20 nanometers, spraying nano particle processing Thickness less than 0.2 micron.
Preferably, the laser printing speed of the forming part is less than the laser printing speed of the base portion, the molding The average grain diameter for the metal powder granulates that the laser printing in portion uses is less than the metal powder that the laser printing of the base portion uses The average grain diameter of last particle.
Preferably, the surface treatment carried out to forming part is thermal diffusion cladding technology, which includes: a. will be described Forming part carries out heat treatment and is placed in uniform fused salt containing vanadium, carries out salt bath and dry quenching；B. to the molding after dry quenching Portion carries out lonneal；C. high tempering is carried out again according to its change in size to the forming part after lonneal.
Preferably, the step of heat treatment includes high temperature quenching and secondary high-temperature tempering.
Preferably, after carrying out the heat treatment, before carrying out salt bath, the vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method Also successively include the steps that the finishing of vehicle gear box mold and polishing.
Preferably, the temperature of the lonneal is 225 DEG C -240 DEG C, and the time is 2-3h；The temperature of high tempering is 480 DEG C -515 DEG C, the time is 1-2h.
Preferably, after carrying out high tempering, the vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method further includes the step of polishing Suddenly.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method of the present invention substantially reduces vehicle gear box using 3D printing technique The development cycle of mold reduces traditional mold Operational preparation time, adapt to different vehicle speed change box part it is frequent replacement with It improves, keeps the mold design period synchronous with the vehicle speed variation box part design cycle, the vehicle for producing complicated shape can be manufactured The precision die of speed change box part reduces waste of material, reduces precision die production cost, can not only improve vehicle speed variation The Forming Quality of the vehicle speed variation box part of case mold production, and improve the service life of vehicle gear box mold.
(2) vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method of the present invention carries out table to forming part using thermal diffusion cladding process The small VC coating of high rigidity, high-wearing feature, anti stickness, coefficient of friction has been prepared on its surface in surface treatment；Gearbox mould punching In the process due to good heat dissipation, tackness is reduced, so that the increase of gearbox mold temperature is relatively small.In addition, the present invention is controlled very well The dimensional accuracy and surface roughness for having made gearbox mold, make the accurate size of gearbox stamping parts in place.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.These embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention and do not have to In limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:
(1) threedimensional model of corresponding mold is designed according to the corresponding component of vehicle gear box, and the threedimensional model is divided Layer slicing treatment, the mold includes base portion, buffer part and forming part；
(2) the threedimensional model parameter of mold in step (1) is input in laser 3D printing device and is printed, printed first To the base portion of the mold, the base portion is formed by metal powder granulates by laser printing, and the power of laser printing is 280W, print speed 55mm3/ min, the average grain diameter of the metal powder granulates used is 42 μm；
(3) buffer part is printed in base portion obtained in step (2), the buffer part passes through laser by alumina ceramic grain Printing is formed, and the power density of laser printing is 88W/cm 3, the average grain diameter of the alumina ceramic grain used is 16 μm；
(4) printing shaping portion in the buffer part obtained in step (3), the forming part are beaten by metal powder granulates by laser Impression is at the power of laser printing is 220W, print speed 46mm3/ min, the average grain diameter of the metal powder granulates of use It is 36 μm；
(5) forming part obtained in step (4) is surface-treated, obtains vehicle gear box mold；
The upper surface of the base portion is equipped with multiple first blind holes, and the lower surface of buffer part corresponds to each first blind hole and is equipped with First protrusion, the upper surface of buffer part are equipped with multiple the second protrusions not being overlapped with the first raised axis, the lower surface of forming part Each corresponding second protrusion is equipped with the second blind hole.
In the present embodiment step (1), after the completion of the design of the threedimensional model of vehicle gear box mold, by corresponding vehicle speed variation The threedimensional model of the specific component of case imports Three-dimensional Design Software and the threedimensional model of mold carries out adaptability pre-assembled, according to assembly Mated condition, dimensional structure is finely adjusted.
In the present embodiment step (1), after the completion of the design of vehicle gear box mold threedimensional model, finite element analysis software is utilized Deform-3D carries out the specific component simulation forming process of simulation analysis and mold stress condition, according to crackle production and mill The size of damage amount changes material proportion and adjustment partial structurtes size.
The present embodiment carries out spraying nano particle processing, the material of the nano particle in the neighboring area of each first blind hole Material is aluminium oxide ceramics, and the average grain diameter of the nano particle is 18 nanometers, and spraying nano particle handles micro- with a thickness of 0.18 Rice.
The surface treatment that the present embodiment carries out forming part is thermal diffusion cladding technology, which includes: a. by institute It states forming part progress high temperature quenching and secondary high-temperature tempering is placed in uniform fused salt containing vanadium, progress salt bath and dry quenching；b. Lonneal is carried out to the forming part after dry quenching；C. height is carried out again according to its change in size to the forming part after lonneal Temperature tempering, high tempering are polished later.
The present embodiment is after carrying out the high temperature quenching and secondary high-temperature tempering, before carrying out salt bath, the vehicle Gearbox mould manufacturing method also successively includes the steps that the finishing of vehicle gear box mold and polishing.
The temperature of lonneal described in the present embodiment is 225 DEG C, and the time is 2h；The temperature of high tempering is 480 DEG C, the time It is 1h.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:
(1) threedimensional model of corresponding mold is designed according to the corresponding component of vehicle gear box, and the threedimensional model is divided Layer slicing treatment, the mold includes base portion, buffer part and forming part；
(2) the threedimensional model parameter of mold in step (1) is input in laser 3D printing device and is printed, printed first To the base portion of the mold, the base portion is formed by metal powder granulates by laser printing, and the power of laser printing is 380W, print speed 66mm3/ min, the average grain diameter of the metal powder granulates used is 44 μm；
(3) buffer part is printed in base portion obtained in step (2), the buffer part passes through laser by zirconia ceramics particle Printing is formed, and the power density of laser printing is 94W/cm 3, the average grain diameter of the zirconia ceramics particle used is 20 μm；
(4) printing shaping portion in the buffer part obtained in step (3), the forming part are beaten by metal powder granulates by laser Impression is at the power of laser printing is 260W, print speed 52mm3/ min, the average grain diameter of the metal powder granulates of use It is 39 μm；
(5) forming part obtained in step (4) is surface-treated, obtains vehicle gear box mold；
The upper surface of the base portion is equipped with multiple first blind holes, and the lower surface of buffer part corresponds to each first blind hole and is equipped with First protrusion, the upper surface of buffer part are equipped with multiple the second protrusions not being overlapped with the first raised axis, the lower surface of forming part Each corresponding second protrusion is equipped with the second blind hole.
In the present embodiment step (1), after the completion of the design of the threedimensional model of vehicle gear box mold, by corresponding vehicle speed variation The threedimensional model of the specific component of case imports Three-dimensional Design Software and the threedimensional model of mold carries out adaptability pre-assembled, according to assembly Mated condition, dimensional structure is finely adjusted.
In the present embodiment step (1), after the completion of the design of vehicle gear box mold threedimensional model, finite element analysis software is utilized Deform-3D carries out the specific component simulation forming process of simulation analysis and mold stress condition, according to crackle production and mill The size of damage amount changes material proportion and adjustment partial structurtes size.
The present embodiment carries out spraying nano particle processing, the material of the nano particle in the neighboring area of each first blind hole Material is zirconia ceramics, and the average grain diameter of the nano particle is 16 nanometers, and spraying nano particle handles micro- with a thickness of 0.16 Rice.
The surface treatment that the present embodiment carries out forming part is thermal diffusion cladding technology, which includes: a. by institute It states forming part progress high temperature quenching and secondary high-temperature tempering is placed in uniform fused salt containing vanadium, progress salt bath and dry quenching；b. Lonneal is carried out to the forming part after dry quenching；C. height is carried out again according to its change in size to the forming part after lonneal Temperature tempering, high tempering are polished later.
The present embodiment is after carrying out the high temperature quenching and secondary high-temperature tempering, before carrying out salt bath, the vehicle Gearbox mould manufacturing method also successively includes the steps that the finishing of vehicle gear box mold and polishing.
The temperature of lonneal described in the present embodiment is 232 DEG C, and the time is 2.5h；The temperature of high tempering is 500 DEG C, when Between be 1.5h.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiments provide a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:
(1) threedimensional model of corresponding mold is designed according to the corresponding component of vehicle gear box, and the threedimensional model is divided Layer slicing treatment, the mold includes base portion, buffer part and forming part；
(2) the threedimensional model parameter of mold in step (1) is input in laser 3D printing device and is printed, printed first To the base portion of the mold, the base portion is formed by metal powder granulates by laser printing, and the power of laser printing is 470W, print speed 78mm3/ min, the average grain diameter of the metal powder granulates used is 46 μm；
(3) buffer part is printed in base portion obtained in step (2), the buffer part passes through laser by zirconia ceramics particle Printing is formed, and the power density of laser printing is 100W/cm 3, the average grain diameter of the zirconia ceramics particle used is 24 μm；
(4) printing shaping portion in the buffer part obtained in step (3), the forming part are beaten by metal powder granulates by laser Impression is at the power of laser printing is 300W, print speed 62mm3/ min, the average grain diameter of the metal powder granulates of use It is 42 μm；
(5) forming part obtained in step (4) is surface-treated, obtains vehicle gear box mold；
The upper surface of the base portion is equipped with multiple first blind holes, and the lower surface of buffer part corresponds to each first blind hole and is equipped with First protrusion, the upper surface of buffer part are equipped with multiple the second protrusions not being overlapped with the first raised axis, the lower surface of forming part Each corresponding second protrusion is equipped with the second blind hole.
In the present embodiment step (1), after the completion of the design of the threedimensional model of vehicle gear box mold, by corresponding vehicle speed variation The threedimensional model of the specific component of case imports Three-dimensional Design Software and the threedimensional model of mold carries out adaptability pre-assembled, according to assembly Mated condition, dimensional structure is finely adjusted.
In the present embodiment step (1), after the completion of the design of vehicle gear box mold threedimensional model, finite element analysis software is utilized Deform-3D carries out the specific component simulation forming process of simulation analysis and mold stress condition, according to crackle production and mill The size of damage amount changes material proportion and adjustment partial structurtes size.
The present embodiment carries out spraying nano particle processing, the material of the nano particle in the neighboring area of each first blind hole Material is zirconia ceramics, and the average grain diameter of the nano particle is 14 nanometers, and spraying nano particle handles micro- with a thickness of 0.14 Rice.
The surface treatment that the present embodiment carries out forming part is thermal diffusion cladding technology, which includes: a. by institute It states forming part progress high temperature quenching and secondary high-temperature tempering is placed in uniform fused salt containing vanadium, progress salt bath and dry quenching；b. Lonneal is carried out to the forming part after dry quenching；C. height is carried out again according to its change in size to the forming part after lonneal Temperature tempering, high tempering are polished later.
The present embodiment is after carrying out the high temperature quenching and secondary high-temperature tempering, before carrying out salt bath, the vehicle Gearbox mould manufacturing method also successively includes the steps that the finishing of vehicle gear box mold and polishing.
The temperature of lonneal described in the present embodiment is 240 DEG C, and the time is 3h；The temperature of high tempering is 480 DEG C, when Between be 2h.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiments provide a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:
(1) threedimensional model of corresponding mold is designed according to the corresponding component of vehicle gear box, and the threedimensional model is divided Layer slicing treatment, the mold includes base portion, buffer part and forming part；
(2) the threedimensional model parameter of mold in step (1) is input in laser 3D printing device and is printed, printed first To the base portion of the mold, the base portion is formed by metal powder granulates by laser printing, and the power of laser printing is 470W, print speed 78mm3/ min, the average grain diameter of the metal powder granulates used is 46 μm；
(3) buffer part is printed in base portion obtained in step (2), the buffer part passes through laser by zirconia ceramics particle Printing is formed, and the power density of laser printing is 100W/cm 3, the average grain diameter of the zirconia ceramics particle used is 24 μm；
(4) printing shaping portion in the buffer part obtained in step (3), the forming part are beaten by metal powder granulates by laser Impression is at the power of laser printing is 300W, print speed 62mm3/ min, the average grain diameter of the metal powder granulates of use It is 42 μm；
(5) surface polishing treatment is carried out to forming part obtained in step (4), obtains vehicle gear box mold；
The upper surface of the base portion is equipped with multiple first blind holes, and the lower surface of buffer part corresponds to each first blind hole and is equipped with First protrusion, the upper surface of buffer part are equipped with multiple the second protrusions not being overlapped with the first raised axis, the lower surface of forming part Each corresponding second protrusion is equipped with the second blind hole.
In the present embodiment step (1), after the completion of the design of the threedimensional model of vehicle gear box mold, by corresponding vehicle speed variation The threedimensional model of the specific component of case imports Three-dimensional Design Software and the threedimensional model of mold carries out adaptability pre-assembled, according to assembly Mated condition, dimensional structure is finely adjusted.
In the present embodiment step (1), after the completion of the design of vehicle gear box mold threedimensional model, finite element analysis software is utilized Deform-3D carries out the specific component simulation forming process of simulation analysis and mold stress condition, according to crackle production and mill The size of damage amount changes material proportion and adjustment partial structurtes size.
The present embodiment carries out spraying nano particle processing, the material of the nano particle in the neighboring area of each first blind hole Material is zirconia ceramics, and the average grain diameter of the nano particle is 14 nanometers, and spraying nano particle handles micro- with a thickness of 0.14 Rice.
Actual production is carried out to the vehicle gear box mold of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and embodiment 4 manufacture to test Card, can manufacture the mold of the vehicle speed variation box part for producing complicated shape, reduce waste of material, and it is raw to reduce mold Cost is produced, the Forming Quality of the vehicle speed variation box part of mold production is not only increased, and improves vehicle gear box mold Service life.
To the friction system of the vehicle gear box mold forming part of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and embodiment 4 manufacture Number and friction relative temperature are tested, and test result is as follows shown in table 1:
Table 1
Test item Coefficient of friction It rubs relative temperature (DEG C)
Embodiment 1 0.41 37.7
Embodiment 2 0.43 38.3
Embodiment 3 0.39 37.4
Embodiment 4 0.56 56.2
As it can be seen from table 1 only having carried out the friction of the embodiment 4 of polishing treatment to forming part surface under same friction condition Coefficient is 0.56, hence it is evident that higher than the embodiment 1- 3 for having carried out thermal diffusion coating.At the same time, the friction phase of embodiment 4 It is 56.2 DEG C to temperature, is also apparently higher than the embodiment 1- 3 for having carried out thermal diffusion coating.The present invention is to forming part surface The thermal diffusion coating of progress significantly improves the wear resistance and thermal diffusivity of mold.Thermal diffusion layer overlay film rear vehicle speed change In place, surface quality is without plucking phenomenon, and workpiece is qualified, and mold service performance and service life are also mentioned for box part accurate size It is high.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow Ring substantive content of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) threedimensional model of corresponding mold is designed according to the corresponding component of vehicle gear box, and the threedimensional model is divided Layer slicing treatment, the mold includes base portion, buffer part and forming part；
(2) the threedimensional model parameter of mold in step (1) is input in laser 3D printing device and is printed, printed first To the base portion of the mold, the base portion is formed by metal powder granulates by laser printing, and the power of laser printing is 280-470W, print speed 55-78mm3/ min, the average grain diameter of the metal powder granulates used is 42-46 μm；
(3) buffer part is printed in base portion obtained in step (2), the buffer part is by aluminium oxide ceramics or zirconia ceramics Particle is formed by laser printing, and the power density of laser printing is 88-100W/cm 3, the aluminium oxide ceramics or zirconium oxide of use The average grain diameter of ceramic particle is 16-24 μm；
(4) printing shaping portion in the buffer part obtained in step (3), the forming part are beaten by metal powder granulates by laser Impression is at the power of laser printing is 220-300W, print speed 46-62mm3/ min, the metal powder granulates of use Average grain diameter is 36-42 μm；
(5) forming part obtained in step (4) is surface-treated, obtains vehicle gear box mold；
The upper surface of the base portion is equipped with multiple first blind holes, and the lower surface of buffer part corresponds to each first blind hole and is equipped with First protrusion, the upper surface of buffer part are equipped with multiple the second protrusions not being overlapped with the first raised axis, the lower surface of forming part Each corresponding second protrusion is equipped with the second blind hole.
2. a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), in vehicle After the completion of the threedimensional model design of gearbox mold, the threedimensional model of the corresponding specific component of vehicle gear box is imported into three-dimensional and is set The threedimensional model of meter software and mold carries out adaptability pre-assembled and is finely adjusted according to the mated condition of assembly to dimensional structure.
3. a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), vehicle After the completion of the design of gearbox mold threedimensional model, the specific component of simulation analysis is carried out using finite element analysis software Deform-3D Simulation forming process and mold stress condition change material proportion and tune according to the size of crackle production and abrasion loss Whole partial structurtes size.
4. a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in each first blind hole Neighboring area carry out spraying nano particle processing, the material of the nano particle is aluminium oxide ceramics or zirconia ceramics, institute The average grain diameter of nano particle is stated less than 20 nanometers, the thickness of spraying nano particle processing is less than 0.2 micron.
5. a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the forming part swashs Light print speed is less than the laser printing speed of the base portion, the metal powder granulates that the laser printing of the forming part uses Average grain diameter be less than the base portion laser printing use metal powder granulates average grain diameter.
6. a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that carried out to forming part Surface treatment is thermal diffusion cladding technology, which includes: a. to carry out being heat-treated to be placed on uniformly containing by the forming part In vanadium fused salt, salt bath and dry quenching are carried out；B. lonneal is carried out to the forming part after dry quenching；C. to lonneal after Forming part high tempering is carried out according to its change in size again.
7. a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the step of the heat treatment It suddenly include high temperature quenching and secondary high-temperature tempering.
8. a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that carrying out at the heat After reason, before carrying out salt bath, the vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method also successively includes vehicle gear box mold finishing The step of work and polishing.
9. a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the lonneal Temperature is 225 DEG C -240 DEG C, and the time is 2-3h；The temperature of high tempering is 480 DEG C -515 DEG C, and the time is 1-2h.
10. a kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that returned carrying out high temperature After fire, the vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method further includes the steps that polishing.
CN201811358424.XA 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 A kind of vehicle gear box mould manufacturing method Withdrawn CN109351921A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111046512A (en) * 2020-01-02 2020-04-21 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 Planetary gearbox bolt analysis method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111046512A (en) * 2020-01-02 2020-04-21 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 Planetary gearbox bolt analysis method
CN111046512B (en) * 2020-01-02 2023-05-12 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 Analysis method for planetary gear box bolt

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