CN109346378B - A kind of controller of fast-speed direct current contactor - Google Patents
A kind of controller of fast-speed direct current contactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN109346378B CN109346378B CN201811241521.0A CN201811241521A CN109346378B CN 109346378 B CN109346378 B CN 109346378B CN 201811241521 A CN201811241521 A CN 201811241521A CN 109346378 B CN109346378 B CN 109346378B
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- mosfet
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- chip microcontroller
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of controllers of fast-speed direct current contactor, including single-chip microcontroller, power-switching circuit and auxiliary switching circuit；The single-chip microcontroller is sequentially connected PWM output module, power MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET power output circuit, for controlling power MOSFET driving circuit by PWM output module to input voltage measurement and load current detection；The auxiliary switching circuit connection power MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET power output circuit；The power-switching circuit is connect with single-chip microcontroller, power MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET power output circuit respectively, further includes the shutdown buffer circuit connecting with single-chip microcontroller and MOSFET power output circuit；The present invention acquires conversion using the AD that single-chip microcontroller carries out input voltage and load current, and PWM pulsewidth is adjusted according to the size of input voltage and load current, realizes output adaptive regulatory function.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to style direct current switch electric technical fields, and in particular to a kind of controller of fast-speed direct current contactor, it is special
Not Shi Yongyu electric locomotive DC power-supply system contactor control.
Background technique
Contactor is critically important switching device in electric locomotive DC power-supply system, for realizing the physics of power supply system
Isolation.
But the working characteristics of contactor be it is non-linear, need larger current opening moment and have bounce.Carry out
When controller design, factors above is fully considered, and in view of power circuit is to the particular/special requirement of power supply and power dissipation, protect
Card contactor quickly can correctly work, and prevent false triggering.
Electric locomotive is related to personal safety, needs especially to reinforce rapidity, stability and reliability.
Electric locomotive equipment installation space is narrow, therefore controller also needs to carry out Miniaturization Design.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the controller of a kind of fast-speed direct current contactor provided by the present invention, using list
Piece machine carries out a series of Row controls.
Technical scheme is as follows: a kind of controller of fast-speed direct current contactor, the controller make with load in series
With passing through acquisition load voltage and realize controller power source conversion, including single-chip microcontroller, power supply conversion electricity using low-end switch mode
Road and auxiliary switching circuit；The single-chip microcontroller is sequentially connected PWM output module, power MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET function
Rate output circuit, for controlling power MOSFET driving by PWM output module to input voltage measurement and load current detection
Circuit；The auxiliary switching circuit connection power MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET power output circuit；The power supply
Conversion circuit is connect with single-chip microcontroller, power MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET power output circuit respectively, further includes and monolithic
The shutdown buffer circuit that machine is connected with MOSFET power output circuit.
A kind of controller of fast-speed direct current contactor, power-switching circuit export PWM wave control electricity by P04
Source voltage keeps stablizing, including triode V36, V35 and switching tube V33, V38, and switching tube V33 is N-channel depletion type MOS FET
Pipe, the collector of triode V36 and the base stage of V35 connect, and the emitter of triode V36 and the emitter of V35 connect ground simultaneously
Point GND, the base stage of triode V35 and V36 are connected separately with pull-up resistor R53 and R52, the collector and switch of triode V35
The grid of pipe V33 connects, and the source electrode of switching tube V33 and the grid of V38 connect, and the collector of triode V35 passes through sampling resistor
Passing through diode V32 connects contactor coil simultaneously for the grid of R57 connection switch pipe V38, switching tube V33 and the drain electrode of V38, opens
The source electrode for closing pipe V38 connects capacitor C34, is parallel with freewheeling diode on switching tube V38.
A kind of controller of fast-speed direct current contactor, auxiliary switching circuit is by the MOSFET as auxiliary switch
The MOSFET pipe of pipe and load switch is composed in series.In contactor disconnection process, auxiliary switch MOSFET and load switch
MOSFET is simultaneously switched off, and it is continuous that the induced electromotive force that the inductive component of load is formed can not flow through freewheeling diode etc. through auxiliary switch
Flow path, load can not form continuous current circuit.Due to load rapidly be cut off and without afterflow, load magnetic field rapidly disappears, coil
Iron core resets rapidly, and contactor is lifted one's head rapid disconnection, to improve the opening velocity of contactor.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: by PWM chop control fast-speed direct current contactor coil conduction time, in fast direct
Stream contactor movement, which starts with larger voltage, makes coil by larger current, guarantees the movement speed of contactor, in fast direct
After flowing contactor contact in place, make coil by smaller current with small voltage, to be kept in contact the contact of device；According to power supply electricity
Pressure and fluctuation and operating current adjust PWM, realize the automatic adjusument of output, when coil current is too small or excessive, control
Device processed can turn off output to protect coil against damages；Using the power device topological structure of optimization, fast direct has been ensured
While flowing contactor movement speed, power device is protected；With wide input power range, reflection speed is fast, controls and stablizes
Reliably, adjusting, low-power consumption, feature small in size, structure is simple are adaptively exported, especially suitable for electric locomotive direct current supply system
System.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of controller of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is power-switching circuit schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is auxiliary switching circuit schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is single-chip microcontroller algorithm block diagram.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, belonging to the present invention relates to a kind of controller design of fast-speed direct current contactor (hereinafter referred to as contactor)
In style direct current switch electric application field, suitable for the control and protection of fast-speed direct current contactor, with a piece of chip microcontroller voltage
Current signal acquisition, PWM algorithm, the control of power MOSFET driver' s timing: including single-chip microcontroller, power-switching circuit and auxiliary switch
Circuit；The single-chip microcontroller is sequentially connected PWM output module, power MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET power output circuit,
To input voltage measurement and load current detection, power MOSFET driving circuit is controlled by PWM output module；The auxiliary
Switching circuit protects circuit connection power MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET power output circuit by power device respectively；Institute
The power-switching circuit stated is connect with single-chip microcontroller, power MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET power output circuit respectively, is also wrapped
Include the shutdown buffer circuit connecting with single-chip microcontroller and MOSFET power output circuit.
Single-chip microcontroller uses sample mean algorithm, is filtered to the electric current of acquisition, is exported according to calculated result
Over-current over-voltage protection.
Single-chip microcontroller calculates contactor cut-in voltage in conjunction with the working characteristics of contactor according to the voltage and current numerical value of acquisition
Electric current and holding voltage and current, design PWM algorithm, single-chip microcontroller is by executing PWM algorithm program, using built-in programmable count
Array PCA module carries out PWM wave output.
As shown in Fig. 2, the power-switching circuit, which exports PWM wave by P04, controls supply voltage holding stabilization, including
Triode V36, V35 and switching tube V33, V38, the collector of triode V36 and the base stage of V35 connect, the transmitting of triode V36
The emitter of pole and V35 connect place GND simultaneously, the base stage of triode V35 and V36 be connected separately with pull-up resistor R53 and
The collector of R52, triode V35 are connect with the grid of switching tube V33, and the source electrode of switching tube V33 and the grid of V38 connect, and three
The collector of pole pipe V35 passes through the grid of sampling resistor R57 connection switch pipe V38, and the drain electrode of switching tube V33 and V38 are led to simultaneously
Diode V32 connection contactor coil is crossed, the source electrode of switching tube V38 connects capacitor C34, is parallel with afterflow two on switching tube V38
Pole pipe.
When P04 export low level when, the base stage of triode V36 is pulled low, V36 by；The base stage of triode V35 is through pulling up
Resistance R53 is pulled to high level, V35 conducting；The grid of switching tube V33 is pulled low through triode V35, V33 by；It switchs at this time
The sampled resistance R57 of the grid of pipe V38 is pulled low, and V38 is by contactor coil coil stops charging to capacitor C34.
When P04 exports high level, triode V36 base stage is pulled to high level, V36 conducting through pull-up resistor R52；Then three
The base stage of pole pipe V35 is pulled low, V35 by；The grid voltage of switching tube V33 conducting, switching tube V38 increases, and V38 conducting connects
Tentaculum coil coil charges through diode V32 and V38 to capacitor C34.
By adjusting the PWM duty cycle of P04 output, the charging time of adjustable capacitance C34 keeps capacitor C34 voltage
Stablize, generates stabilized power supply.
Power-switching circuit extracts power supply by the way of laod reversal excitation, from load, passes through the company of multiple-pole switch pipe
Lock relationship realizes the transformation of input power by the pressure stabilizing of diode and the automatic shutoff of MOSFET.In the high level of PWM wave,
The enhanced MOSFET of N-channel is closed, and load stops being capacitor charging；In the low level of PWM wave, the enhanced MOSFET of N-channel
Conducting is charged for storage capacitor.Since the grid potential of charging MOSFET determines, when charging capacitor voltage rises to certain value
When, MOSFET shutdown stops to capacitor charging.
As shown in figure 3, the auxiliary switching circuit is by the MOSFET pipe and load switch as auxiliary switch
MOSFET pipe is composed in series.By adjusting loaded level, is inversely powered by acquiring load voltage to controller, pass through MOSFET
Principle is connected and zener diode principle realizes controller power supply.
A kind of controller of fast-speed direct current contactor, auxiliary switching circuit is by the MOSFET as auxiliary switch
The MOSFET pipe of pipe and load switch is composed in series.In contactor disconnection process, auxiliary switch MOSFET and load switch
MOSFET is simultaneously switched off, and it is continuous that the induced electromotive force that the inductive component of load is formed can not flow through freewheeling diode etc. through auxiliary switch
Flow path, load can not form continuous current circuit.Due to load rapidly be cut off and without afterflow, load magnetic field rapidly disappears, coil
Iron core resets rapidly, and contactor is lifted one's head rapid disconnection, to improve the opening velocity of contactor.
Auxiliary switching circuit is controlled using PWM pulse width modulation mode, is discharged load switch MOSFET rapidly and is deposited
Storage lotus simultaneously inhibits afterflow, improves shutdown rate；When controller stops working, load switch MOSFET shutdown, auxiliary switch
MOSFET shutdown, electric current are not passed through auxiliary MOSFET；And freewheeling diode in parallel improves the current potential of continuous current circuit, therefore can make
Afterflow turns off in advance, to improve turn-off speed.
Controller of the present invention using chip microcontroller input power conversion, voltage and current signal acquisition, PWM timing control and
Over-voltage over-current protection function；It is dynamic in fast-speed direct current contactor by PWM chop control fast-speed direct current contactor coil average voltage
Starting with larger current makes coil by larger current, guarantees the movement speed of contactor, connects in fast-speed direct current contactor
After contacting position, make coil by smaller current with small voltage, to be kept in contact device in coincidence.
Control circuit of the present invention has been ensured quickly using the power device topological structure of optimization using auxiliary switching circuit
While D.C. contactor movement speed, power device is protected；Board mounted power conversion function is provided, realizes the small of control device
Type；By reliable control algolithm, quick on-off control is carried out to contactor in electric locomotive, controller is provided crosses and press through
Stream protection, improves the quick row of work, stability and the reliability of contactor to the greatest extent, and saves the power consumption of system.
As shown in figure 4, after controller is started to work, while ADC and PWM are initialized, power supply is detected, judges power supply electricity
Whether source is excessively high, if it is, declining PWM1 duty ratio, if it is not, then rising PWM1 duty ratio, recycles according to this；Simultaneously
Load current is detected, whether excessive judges load current, if it is, making two PWM3 duty ratio declines, if it is not, then making two
A PWM3 duty ratio rises, and recycles according to this；Load voltage is detected simultaneously, whether excessively high load voltage is judged, if it is, making
The decline of PWM4 duty ratio recycles according to this if it is not, then rising PWM4 duty ratio.
Above it is stated that the principle of the present invention effect and specific implementation method, in the technology scope of this field and above-mentioned original
Correction is proposed to the present invention on the basis of reason or repairs kind should be included within protection scope of the present invention to be applied.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of controller of fast-speed direct current contactor, the controller and load in series use, using low-end switch mode, pass through
It acquires load voltage and realizes controller power source conversion, it is characterised in that: including single-chip microcontroller, power-switching circuit and auxiliary switch electricity
Road；The single-chip microcontroller is sequentially connected PWM output module, power MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET power output circuit, uses
In to input voltage measurement and load current detection, power MOSFET driving circuit is controlled by PWM output module；Described is auxiliary
Help switching circuit connection power MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET power output circuit；The power-switching circuit respectively with
Single-chip microcontroller, power MOSFET driving circuit are connected with MOSFET power output circuit, further include and single-chip microcontroller and MOSFET power
The shutdown buffer circuit of output circuit connection.
2. a kind of controller of fast-speed direct current contactor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that power-switching circuit is used
It keeps stablizing in output PWM wave control supply voltage, including triode V36, V35 and switching tube V33, V38, switching tube V33 are N
The base stage of channel depletion type MOSFET pipe, the collector of triode V36 and V35 connect, the emitter of triode V36 and V35's
Emitter connects place GND simultaneously, and the base stage of triode V35 and V36 are connected separately with pull-up resistor R53 and R52, triode
The collector of V35 is connect with the grid of switching tube V33, and the source electrode of switching tube V33 and the grid of V38 connect, the collection of triode V35
Electrode passes through the grid of resistance R57 connection switch pipe V38, and switching tube V33 connects contact by diode V32 with the drain electrode of V38
Device coil, the source electrode of switching tube V38 connect capacitor C34, are parallel with freewheeling diode on switching tube V38.
3. a kind of controller of fast-speed direct current contactor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the auxiliary switch
Circuit is composed in series by the MOSFET pipe of MOSFET pipe and load switch as auxiliary switch；In contactor disconnection process,
Auxiliary switch MOSFET and load switch MOSFET are simultaneously switched off, and the induced electromotive force that the inductive component of load is formed can not be through auxiliary
Switch is helped to flow through the free wheeling path of freewheeling diode composition, load can not form continuous current circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811241521.0A CN109346378B (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2018-10-24 | A kind of controller of fast-speed direct current contactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811241521.0A CN109346378B (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2018-10-24 | A kind of controller of fast-speed direct current contactor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109346378A CN109346378A (en) | 2019-02-15 |
| CN109346378B true CN109346378B (en) | 2019-10-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811241521.0A Active CN109346378B (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2018-10-24 | A kind of controller of fast-speed direct current contactor |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112259414B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2024-06-11 | 力神（青岛）新能源有限公司 | Low-side driving self-holding circuit of direct-current contactor coil |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201570444U (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2010-09-01 | 天津市松正电动科技有限公司 | Main contactor energy-saving circuit with wide-range voltage input |
| CN105977100A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-28 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Control method and device for DC contactor for rail transit |
| CN107658182A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-02 | 成都雅骏新能源汽车科技股份有限公司 | A kind of circuit and method of low-voltage direct control A.C. contactor |
| CN108511266A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-09-07 | 苏州恒美电子科技股份有限公司 | DC relay coil energy-saving control circuit |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100259861A1 (en) * | 2009-04-10 | 2010-10-14 | Pertech Resources, Inc. | Solenoid drive method that conserves power |
-
2018
- 2018-10-24 CN CN201811241521.0A patent/CN109346378B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201570444U (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2010-09-01 | 天津市松正电动科技有限公司 | Main contactor energy-saving circuit with wide-range voltage input |
| CN105977100A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-28 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Control method and device for DC contactor for rail transit |
| CN107658182A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-02 | 成都雅骏新能源汽车科技股份有限公司 | A kind of circuit and method of low-voltage direct control A.C. contactor |
| CN108511266A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-09-07 | 苏州恒美电子科技股份有限公司 | DC relay coil energy-saving control circuit |
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| CN109346378A (en) | 2019-02-15 |
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