CN109344555B - Gathering and transportation pipe network design method and device - Google Patents
Gathering and transportation pipe network design method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a gathering and transportation pipe network design method and a device, comprising the following steps: receiving design parameters, the design parameters including: topographic, economic and technical parameters; generating a double-layer uneven grid according to the design parameters, wherein the double-layer uneven grid can represent and determine the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network and the paths between nodes; judging whether the design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network can be realized or not according to a preset rule and the double-layer uneven grids; establishing an MILP model by taking the design parameters as constraint conditions and the minimum total construction cost as a target function; and solving the MILP model according to the double-layer uneven grid to obtain a design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network. The method and the device consider hydraulic calculation and economic flow rate, can reflect the actual condition of an actual gathering and transportation system, can obtain an optimal gathering and transportation pipe network design scheme through topographic parameters, economic parameters and technical parameters, can guide the engineering construction of oil and gas fields, reduce cost and improve efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geological exploration, in particular to a gathering and transportation pipe network design method and a gathering and transportation pipe network design device.
Background
Oil and gas play a vital role as an important energy source in the development of modern global economy. In recent years, oil and gas demand has increased, and therefore more and more oil and gas fields are planned and built to ensure supply. The ground gathering and transportation pipe network is used for oil and gas transportation in the production process of oil and gas fields, consists of well sites, pipelines, pressure equipment and a central processing facility, and has the characteristic of large and complex pipe network connection structure, so that the construction cost of the pipe network accounts for a large proportion of the investment of the whole oil and gas field. The high proportion of cost highlights the importance of optimizing the gathering topology and the process parameters, which will greatly affect the efficiency and profit of oil and gas field production. In the past, the design of a gathering and transportation pipe network often depends on experienced designers, time and labor are wasted, and optimization effects are not necessarily achieved, so that a large number of students develop gathering and transportation pipe network optimization design research, and the gathering and transportation pipe network with a safe topological structure, the highest transmission efficiency and the lowest construction cost is searched. However, the existing documents often adopt a hierarchical optimization strategy, and the global optimal solution cannot be guaranteed; in addition, hydraulic calculation in the process of optimization design is omitted, only the shortest distance or the gathering and transportation radius is considered, so that the designed pipe network is often seriously inconsistent with the actual pipe network, and even crude oil and natural gas cannot smoothly flow to a central processing station from a wellhead.
The problem complexity of the gathering and transportation pipe network design enables many researchers to try to research the optimal design of the gathering and transportation pipe network of the oil and gas field by using a hierarchical optimization strategy. The main core idea is to resolve the problem into a plurality of sub-problems in stages. The optimization design of the star-branch pipe network in the continuous space is divided into five sub-problems of well group division, optimal position determination of a valve group, branch-shaped pipe network layout optimization, optimal position determination of a gas gathering station and pipe diameter optimization, wherein the first four sub-problems are layout design sub-problems; the star-tree pipe network layout design in the discrete space is decomposed into three sub-problems of well group division of the discrete space, tree-tree pipe network layout optimization and optimal position determination of a gas collection station; the branch-shaped pipe network layout design is decomposed into three sub-problems of network space well group division, branch-shaped pipe network layout optimization and optimal position determination of a gas collection station. The last two subproblems of the three types of pipe network layout designs are completely the same, and the layout design method of the basic form pipe network can be adopted for solving.
A hierarchical optimization design strategy is adopted to decompose the optimization design of the discrete space star-branched pipe network and the network space branch-branched pipe network into a plurality of sub-problems, the optimization design of the pipe network is realized in stages, the number of valve groups, the positions of the valve groups and the connection relation between well valves are firstly determined (stage 1), then the connection relation between the valve groups and the positions of gas collection stations are determined (stage 2), and finally the pipe diameter isoparametric is determined (stage 3), however, the optimization quality of the former stage directly influences the optimization result of the latter stage. Therefore, the hierarchical optimization can obtain a better feasible design scheme, but cannot obtain the optimal solution of the system, and in future research, multi-parameter joint solution at different stages can be considered to develop multi-parameter overall optimization design research work of the multi-stage pipe network.
In the prior art, a graph theory algorithm is used for developing the optimization design research of an oil and gas field gathering and transportation pipe network, and the construction of an optimization model mainly comprises the following contents: 1) the objective function is that the construction cost is lowest; 2) well type restraint: each gas well can only belong to one valve group, and the number of the managed wells of the valve group has an upper limit; 3) distance constraint: the distance from the gas well to the valve group cannot be larger than the gathering and transportation radius; 4) and (3) restricting the air collection amount of the valve group: there is an upper limit on the amount of gas connected to the valve block; 5) other constraints are: and (4) value constraint of the decision variables and feasible area constraint which can be set by the valve group.
Hydraulic constraints are important factors for pipeline construction and site selection of central processing stations. Surface gathering networks are continuous and closed hydraulic systems, meaning that there is hydraulic interaction between the well site, the pipeline, the pressure equipment, and the central processing station. Due to the existence of the frictional resistance of the pipeline, the pressure of the fluid is gradually reduced in the flowing process, and the nonlinear relation between the fluid and the fluid pressure can be expressed by a pressure drop equation. Pressure devices may be installed at each wellsite. When the actual wellhead pressure is lower than the collection pressure, the pressurization device will need to provide pressure to the fluid; conversely, the throttling device may be used to dissipate fluid pressure when the wellhead pressure is much higher than the collection pressure. Fluid can only flow from a place with high pressure to a place with low pressure, so that hydraulic constraints must be strictly considered in the optimization of the surface gathering and transportation pipe network. However, most previous studies have ignored the flow characteristics of the pipeline, or replaced detailed hydraulic calculations with a gathering radius. It is believed that the overall gathering system meets hydraulic and thermal constraints when the gas well to terminal distance is less than the gathering radius. This approximation may result in an imbalance of the pipe network pressure, especially in relief conditions, such that the fluid cannot be successfully transported from the wellhead to the central processing station, which is unacceptable in the project.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a gathering and transportation pipe network design method and a device, hydraulic calculation and pressure equipment are considered in the gathering and transportation pipe network optimization design process, and the method and the device carry out overall optimization through the established MILP model, so that an optimized gathering and transportation pipe network design scheme can be obtained.
The invention provides a gathering and transportation pipe network design method on one hand, which comprises the following steps:
receiving design parameters, wherein the design parameters comprise terrain parameters, economic parameters and technical parameters of a target area;
generating a double-layer uneven grid corresponding to the target area according to the design parameters; the double-layer uneven grid can represent the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network and the paths among the nodes;
judging whether a gathering pipe network design result can be obtained or not according to a preset rule and the double-layer uneven grids;
if so, establishing an MILP model by taking the design parameters as constraint conditions and the minimum total construction cost as a target function;
and solving the MILP model according to the double-layer uneven grid to obtain a design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network.
In the method for designing a gathering pipe network, preferably, the generating a double-layer uneven grid corresponding to the target area according to the design parameters specifically includes:
determining topographic data for the target area;
dividing the target area into a plurality of sub-areas according to the terrain data;
and generating the double-layer uneven grid according to the plurality of sub-areas.
In the method for designing a gathering and transportation pipe network, preferably, the double-layer uneven grids comprise a first layer of grids and a second layer of grids; the first layer of grids are used for representing the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network; the second layer of grids is used for characterizing paths between nodes.
In the above method for designing a gathering and transportation pipe network, preferably, the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network is calculated as follows:
and establishing an objective function for each sub-area according to the nodes on the first layer of grids, and solving the objective function to obtain the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network.
In the above method for designing a gathering and transportation pipe network, preferably, the path between the nodes is determined and obtained by the following method:
and according to the second layer of grids, calculating a path between each connected node corresponding to the minimum length by an ant algorithm.
In the above method for designing a gathering and transportation pipe network, preferably, the preset rule is:
and if at least one of the conditions that the well site is positioned in the barrier area, the total output of the well site is 0, the total pressure is 0, the wellhead backpressure is less than the pressure required by the central processing station and no pressure equipment exists is met, judging that the design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network cannot be realized.
In the method for designing the gathering and transportation pipe network, preferably, the result of the gathering and transportation pipe network design includes an overall topology structure of the gathering and transportation pipe network, a position of the central processing station, a position of the pressure device, a diameter and a route of the pipeline, and hydraulic distribution of the gathering and transportation pipe network.
In the method for designing a gathering and transportation pipe network, preferably, the terrain parameter includes at least one of detailed terrain of the target area, obstacle information, and well site position;
the economic parameters comprise at least one of unit price of the pipeline, type of pressure equipment and fixed cost of the central processing station;
the technical parameters include at least one of a production rate and a back pressure for each wellsite, a pressure required by the central processing station.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a device for designing a gathering and transportation pipe network, comprising:
a parameter receiving module, configured to receive design parameters, where the design parameters include: topographic parameters, economic parameters and technical parameters of the target area;
the grid generation module is used for generating double-layer uneven grid data according to the design parameters, and the double-layer uneven grid can represent the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network and the paths among the nodes;
the optimization result judging module is used for judging whether the design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network can be realized according to a preset rule and the double-layer uneven grids;
the MILP model establishing module is used for establishing an MILP model by taking the minimum total construction cost as a target function according to the constraint condition of the design parameters;
and the model solving and result outputting module is used for solving the MILP model according to the double-layer uneven grid and outputting the obtained gathering and transportation pipe network design result.
In the above-mentioned gathering pipe network design device, preferably, the grid generating module further includes:
the terrain data generation submodule is used for determining terrain data of the target area;
and the double-layer grid generation submodule is used for dividing the target area into a plurality of sub-areas according to the topographic data and generating the double-layer uneven grids according to the plurality of sub-areas, wherein the double-layer uneven grids comprise a first-layer grid and a second-layer grid.
In the above collecting and transporting pipe network design device, preferably, the grid generation sub-module further includes:
the gathering and transportation pipe network topology determining module is used for establishing an objective function for each sub-area according to the nodes on the first layer of grids, and solving the objective function to obtain the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network;
and the node path determining module is used for calculating a path between each connected node corresponding to the minimum length through an ant algorithm according to the second-layer grid.
In the above-mentioned gathering pipe network design device, preferably, the optimization result judgment module judges that the preset rule is:
and if at least one of the conditions that the well site is positioned in the barrier area, the total output of the well site is 0, the total pressure is 0, the wellhead backpressure is less than the pressure required by the central processing station and no pressure equipment exists is met, judging that the design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network cannot be realized.
In the above gathering pipe network design device, preferably, the terrain parameter includes at least one of a detailed terrain of the target area, obstacle information, and a well site position;
the economic parameters comprise at least one of unit price of the pipeline, type of pressure equipment and fixed cost of the central processing station;
the technical parameters include at least one of a production rate and a back pressure for each wellsite, a pressure required by the central processing station.
The invention has the outstanding effects that:
compared with the existing gathering and transportation pipe network optimization model, the optimal gathering and transportation pipe network design scheme can be guaranteed to be obtained, the optimal gathering and transportation pipe network design scheme comprises the overall topological structure, the positions of the central processing station and the pressure equipment, the detailed diameter and the route of each pipeline, and the hydraulic distribution of the gathering and transportation pipe network, and the hydraulic calculation and the economic flow rate are considered in the model, so that the actual situation of an actual gathering and transportation system can be reflected, the optimal gathering and transportation pipe network design scheme can be obtained through the topographic parameters, the economic parameters and the technical parameters, the engineering construction of an oil and gas field can be guided, and the cost is reduced and the efficiency is increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the specification, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for designing a gathering and transportation pipe network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a double-layer uneven grid in a method and an apparatus for designing a gathering and transportation pipe network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for designing a gathering and transportation pipe network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of sub-modules of a grid generation module in a gathering and transportation pipe network design device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present specification without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present specification.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for designing a gathering and transportation pipe network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a method for designing a gathering and transportation pipe network, which is applied to a server, and includes the following steps:
s110: design parameters are received, the design parameters including topographical parameters, economic parameters, and technical parameters of a target area.
In some embodiments, the design parameters include at least:
(1) topographic parameters: detailed topography of the study area, obstacle information, wellsite location.
(2) Economic parameters are as follows: unit price of the pipeline (different diameters), type of pressure equipment (capacity and corresponding price of different classes), fixed cost of the central processing station.
(3) The technical parameters are as follows: production rate and backpressure at each well site, pressure required at the central processing station.
In the construction of oil and gas fields, two boundary conditions are usually observed. The first is that the reservoir engineer will give the wellsite location, expected output and maximum wellhead back pressure, and the second is that the pressure required by the central processing station is typically within a limited range. The task of the optimization design is to provide an economic and safe construction scheme under the two boundary conditions, namely the construction cost is lowest, and the hydraulic requirement can be met. In addition to the hydraulic calculations mentioned above, terrain and obstacles are also important factors to consider. In practice, many well sites are distributed over complex terrain, resulting in the laying of pipes in curves rather than straight lines, while the pipes need to avoid some areas where buildings already exist. Therefore, three-dimensional distances and obstacles should be considered, and considering many factors makes the model more complex and the solution more difficult, but it is closer to reality.
In some embodiments, the server may accept the design parameters in any manner. For example, the user may directly input the design parameters, and the server may receive them; in another example, the electronic device other than the server may send the design parameter to the server, and the server may receive the design parameter.
S120: generating a double-layer uneven grid corresponding to the target area according to the design parameters; the double-layer uneven grid can represent the topology of the gathering and transmission pipe network and the paths among the nodes.
In some embodiments, the server may determine the terrain data of the target area according to the terrain parameters in the design parameters; the target area may be divided into a plurality of sub-areas according to the terrain data, thereby generating the double-layer uneven grid. Wherein the two-layer non-uniform grid comprises a first-layer grid and a second-layer grid; the first layer of grids are used for representing the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network; the second layer of grids is used for characterizing paths between nodes.
As shown in fig. 2, each node in the first-level mesh has eight connection directions, and the eight-node type pattern is used to establish respective constraints and objective functions for each sub-region and mesh node. Assuming that fluid flows from node (xi, yj) to another adjacent node along its direction k, the terminal node may be defined as (xi, yj, k). rk is the opposite direction of k, so (xi, yj, rk) represents the coordinates of the start node, which connects nodes (xi, yj) at direction rk. Obviously, (xi, yj, k) and (xi, yj, rk) are the same node.
For the second layer mesh, by incorporating the ant colony algorithm, the actual connection path of the pipe can be determined more accurately on the three-dimensional terrain. The purpose of the ant colony algorithm is to search for detailed routes between each connected node corresponding to a minimum length in the three-dimensional terrain. Inspired by ants' foraging behavior that seeks the shortest path from the nest to the food source, ant colonies randomly choose their path during foraging, but leave a chemical component called pheromone on their path when seeking food. The more pheromones left on a path, the more likely other ants will select the path. Thus, the pheromone concentration on such a path will accumulate faster and attract more ants to follow the same route. And finally, selecting the optimal path through information exchange and mutual cooperation among the ant individuals. The ant colony algorithm has the advantage of local search and is widely applied to many engineering optimization problems.
In some embodiments, the server may establish an objective function for each sub-region according to the node on the first-layer mesh, and solve the objective function to obtain the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network. For example, the objective function may be at least one of a construction cost of a pipeline, a construction cost of a central processing station, a construction cost of a pressure boosting device and a construction cost of a throttle device.
In some embodiments, the server may calculate, according to a second-layer mesh in the double-layer uneven mesh, a path between each connected node corresponding to the minimum length by using an ant algorithm, and further obtain a path between the nodes of the gathering and transportation pipe network.
S130: and judging whether a gathering pipe network design result can be obtained or not according to a preset rule and the double-layer uneven grids.
In an embodiment, optionally, after determining the topology of the pipe network and the path between the nodes, the server may determine, by combining information on the double-layer uneven grid points, whether the design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network can be achieved, so that whether the design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network can be achieved can be determined in advance, and if the design result cannot be achieved, the subsequent calculation step is avoided.
The preset rule may include at least one of:
(1) the wellsite is located within the barrier zone.
(2) Total production at well site
(3) The total pressure was 0.
(4) The wellhead back pressure is less than the pressure required by the CPF, with no pressure equipment.
If at least one condition in the preset rules occurs, the condition indicates that the design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network cannot be realized.
Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that S310 is not required. That is, the server may also directly perform S140 after performing S120
S140: and establishing an MILP model by taking the design parameters as constraint conditions and the minimum total construction cost as a target function.
In some embodiments, after the server determines whether the target area can realize the gathering and transportation pipe network design result, if so, the server establishes an MILP model by taking the design parameters as constraint conditions and the minimum total construction cost as a target function.
Specifically, to improve the solution efficiency, the following assumptions may be made:
(1) during production, each well node can only select one direction to deliver gas and oil to other nodes, and pressure equipment can only be installed at the well site except for the node identified as the central processing station.
(2) In order to satisfy the constraint condition, a linearization method is adopted to change the pressure drop formula from non-linearity to linearity. When the error caused by the linearization is within the allowable error range, we assume that it has no effect on the operation of the pipeline.
(3) When the height difference of the terrain is within a certain range, the elevation has little influence on hydraulic calculation and pipeline construction cost.
The proposed model contains a number of constraints including nodes and pipes, pipe flow, equipment, pipe pressure, obstructions and overall construction. Combining specific actual data and a piecewise linearization method, converting into an MILP mathematical model, wherein all constraints and objective functions are linear.
The specific mathematical model for MILP is as follows:
(1) objective function
min f＝f1+f2+f3+f4(1)
The objective function is to calculate the cost with the lowest total cost (equation (1)) under each given constraintAnd (4) setting a scheme. f. of1Means the construction cost of the pipeline, f2Is the construction cost of the central processing station. f. of3And f4The construction costs of the booster device and the throttle device, respectively.
CPdThe construction cost per kilometer of the pipeline with the pipe diameter of d, BPi,j,k,dIs a binary variable for pipeline construction. If a new pipe is built in its direction k from node (i, j) to its neighboring node, with diameter d, BPi,j,k,dOtherwise, it is 0. The construction cost of the pipeline depends on the diameter and length, and should add to the total cost. L in the above formulai,j,kThe distance from (i, j) to the neighboring node along the k direction can be calculated by the ant colony algorithm.
CCIs the construction cost of the central processing station, BCi,jIs a central processing station binary variable, if node (i, j) is a central processing station, B Ci,j1, otherwise BCi,j＝0
CcvIs the construction cost of the v-type supercharging device, CcuIs the construction cost of a u-type throttle device, BCi,j,vAnd BTi,j,uAre binary variables for the v-type supercharging device and the u-type throttle device, respectively, and if node (i, j) builds a supercharging device of type v, then BCi,j,vIf node (i, j) builds a throttle device of type u, B is 1Ti,j,u1, otherwise BTi,j,u0. If a V-type supercharging device or a u-type throttling device is built in the node (i, j), then equation (4)And equation (5) means that the construction cost of the press should be added to the total cost.
(2) Node and pipe constraints
The node cannot be a well site or a gas gathering station at the same time:
BWi,j+BNi,j+BCi,j＝1i∈I,j∈J (6)
BWi,jis a gas well binary variable, if node (i, j) is a gas well, then B isWi,j1, otherwise BWi,j＝0，BNi,jIs a common node binary variable, if node (i, j) is a common node, then B Ni,j1, otherwise BNi,j＝0。
For ground gathering systems, the area of investigation usually has only one central processing station, which does not change over time once the location is determined, namely:
if there is a pipe in a certain direction, the flow is unidirectional:
BPi,j,rk,dis a binary variable for pipeline construction, if a pipeline with the pipe diameter of d is constructed from a node (i, j) to an adjacent node along the rk direction, B Pi,j,rk,d1, otherwise BPi,j,rk,d＝0。
A node may have at most one route to connect to an adjacent node, in other words, a node has only one flow direction. However, the central processing station is the end point of the fluid flow, and therefore it must not have further outward connections.
A wellsite node is the starting point for fluid flow and must be connected further out in a certain direction through a pipe of a certain diameter, namely:
no special restrictions are required if the connection configuration of the pipeline network allows for concatenation, which means that the wellsite is connected to the nearest wellsite via a lateral. However, if the piping network does not allow for cascading, the well site can only serve as a starting point for delivering fluid to other nodes:
wherein, the maximum value M is an adjustable parameter, and the size of the value M is adjusted to ensure that the inequality (11) is established.
(3) Pipe flow restraint
If fluid can flow from node (i, j) to its adjacent node in direction k, then there must be a pipe between the two nodes.
QPi,j,kIs the flow value in the k direction at node (i, j).
The flow of any node must satisfy the conservation of mass, the yield of the node itself plus the inflow yield equals the sum of the node received flow and the node outgoing flow:
qWi,jis the wellsite production, and if (i, j) is not a wellsite, q isWi,j＝0，QPi,j,rkIs the flow value of the node (i, j) in the rk direction, qCi,jIs the traffic reception value of node (i, j).
The receiving flow of the central processing station is equal to the sum of the yields of all gas wells, and except the central processing station, the receiving flow of other nodes is 0:
qCi,j≤BCi,jM i∈I,j∈J (16)
when transporting fluids, different pipelines correspond to different economic flows, namely:
QPi,j,k≥Qmin,d+(BPi,j,k,d-1)M i∈I,j∈J,k∈K,d∈D (17)
QPi,j,k≤Qmax,d+(1-BPi,j,k,d)M i∈I,j∈J,k∈K,d∈D (18)
Qmin,dis the lower limit of the economic flow of a pipeline with a diameter d, Qmax,dIs the upper limit of the economic flow of a pipeline with the diameter d.
(4) Pressure equipment restraint
We can set up pressure boost device or pressure relief device at the node to adjust pressure, but to same node, can only install pressure boost device or can only install pressure relief device, and both can not exist simultaneously:
pressure equipment can only be installed at the well site:
pressure equipment is of different classes and, due to its capacity limitations, the corresponding equipment should be determined according to the actual flow:
Qmin,vis the lower flow limit, Q, of a v-type supercharging devicemax,vIs the upper flow limit, Q, of a v-type supercharging devicemin,uLower flow limit, Q, of a u-shaped throttle devicemax,uIs the upper flow limit of the u-shaped throttling device.
(5) Pressure restraint
Any additional point pressure should satisfy the pressure conservation, and the sum of the wellhead back pressure and the pressure provided by the supercharging device is equal to the sum of the final pressure and the pressure consumed by the throttling device. The specific logical relationship is expressed as follows:
PWi,jis wellhead back pressure, if (i, j) is not a well site, PWi,j＝0，ΔPvIs the increased pressure value, Δ P, of the v-shaped supercharging deviceuIs the consumption pressure value, P, of the u-shaped throttling devicei,jIs the pressure value at node (i, j).
The pressure of the whole gathering and transportation pipe network is limited within a safety range and does not exceed the maximum working pressure of the pipeline or be lower than the minimum working pressure.
Pi,j≥Ppmini∈I,j∈J (27)
Pi,j≤Ppmaxi∈I,j∈J (28)
PpminIs the minimum operating pressure, P, of the gathering and transportation pipe networkpmaxIs the maximum operating pressure of the gathering and transportation pipe network.
If the node is a central processing station, the pressure of the node should be within a specified range:
Pi,j≥Ppmincpf+(BCi,j-1)M i∈I,j∈J (29)
Pi,j≤Ppmaxcpf+(1-BCi,j)M i∈I,j∈J (30)
Ppmincpfis the minimum entering pressure, P, of the gas gathering stationpmaxcpfAnd the maximum station entering pressure of the gas gathering station.
The pressure of the fluid gradually decreases during the flow due to the frictional resistance of the pipe. The pressure drop equation for the piping can be simplified as follows:
Pqi,j m1-Pzi,j m1-fdLi,j,kQpi,j,k m2＝0i∈I,j∈J,k∈K,d∈D (31)
Pqi,jis the starting pressure of the pipe at node (i, j) along the k-direction, Pzi,jIs the end pressure of the pipe at the (i, j) node along the k-direction, m1 and m2 are parameters in the pressure drop equation, fdIs the resistance coefficient corresponding to the pipe diameter d in the pressure drop equation.
The pressure and flow are calculated by a piecewise linearization method:
QPi,j,k≥Qmin,a+(BQpi,j,k,a-1)M i∈I,j∈J,k∈K,a∈A (32)
QPi,j,k≤Qmax,a+(1-BQpi,j,k,a)M i∈I,j∈J,k∈K,a∈A (33)
Pi,j≥Pmin,e+(BPi,j,e-1)M i∈I,j∈J,e∈E (36)
Pi,j≤Pmax,e+(1-BPi,j,e)M i∈I,j∈J,e∈E (37)
Qmin,ais the minimum flow, Q, of the flow interval a when the linear pressure drop equation is satisfiedmax,aIs the maximum flow of the flow interval a, B, when the linear pressure drop equation is satisfiedQPi,j,k,aIs a binary variable of the flow interval, if the flow of the node (i, j) is in the interval a, B QPi,j,k,a1, otherwise BQPi,j,k,a＝0，QAPi,j,kIs the value of the flow linearization, Δ, of the node (i, j) in the k direction when the pressure drop equation is linearizedaIs the flow value, P, between a when the pressure drop equation is linearizedmin,eIs the minimum pressure, P, of the pressure interval e during linearization of the pressure drop equationmax,eIs the maximum pressure in the pressure interval e during linearization of the pressure drop equation, BPi,j,eIs a binary variable in the pressure interval, if the pressure of the node (i, j) is in the interval e, B Pi,j,e1, otherwise BPi,j,e＝0，PAi,jWhen it is the linearization of the equation for pressure drop,eis the pressure linearization value of the node (i, j) and the pressure value of the interval e when the pressure drop equation is linearized.
(6) Restraint of obstacles
During the construction of the pipe network, the terrain in some places is too rough or other facilities exist, so the places are regarded as obstacles. Central processing stations and pipelines cannot be built in obstructed areas:
BCi,j≤1-OPi,j,ki∈I,j∈J,k∈K (40)
OPi,j,kis a barrier binary variable, O if there is a barrier to a neighboring node along the k direction for node (i, j)Pi,j,k1, otherwise OPi,j,k＝0。
(7) Initial state constraint
If a node has a central processing station, pipe and equipment already, the corresponding binary variable needs to be set to the corresponding value:
BCi',j'＝1i'∈I,j'∈J (42)
BPi',j',k',d'＝1i'∈I,j'∈J,k'∈K,d'∈D (43)
BCi',j',k',v'＝1i'∈I,j'∈J,k'∈K,v'∈V (44)
BTi',j',k',u'＝1i'∈I,j'∈J,k'∈K,u'∈U (45)
in the formula, a belongs to A and is a pressure variable segmentation set in the piecewise linearization, D belongs to D and is a pipe diameter set, E belongs to E and is a flow variable segmentation set in the piecewise linearization, I belongs to I, J belongs to J and is a node coordinate set, rk, K belongs to K and is a point direction set, U belongs to U and is a decompression device type set, and V belongs to V and is a supercharging device type set.
S150: and solving the MILP model according to the double-layer uneven grid to obtain a design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network.
For the MILP model, the model can be solved through an MILP solver GUROBI based on a branch-and-bound algorithm to obtain a design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network, wherein the design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network comprises at least one of an optimal topology, positions of a central processing station and a pressure facility, sizes and routes of pipelines and a hydraulic calculation result of the pipe network.
Compared with the existing gathering and transportation pipe network optimization model, the optimal gathering and transportation pipe network construction scheme can be guaranteed, the optimal gathering and transportation pipe network construction scheme comprises the overall topological structure, the positions of the central processing station and the pressure equipment, the detailed diameter and route of each pipeline and the hydraulic distribution of the gathering and transportation pipe network, hydraulic calculation and economic flow rate are considered in the model, the actual situation of an actual gathering and transportation system can be reflected, the optimal gathering and transportation pipe network design result can be obtained through topographic parameters, economic parameters and technical parameters, the engineering construction of an oil and gas field can be guided, and the cost and the efficiency are reduced.
The embodiment of the present specification further provides a collecting and transporting pipe network design device, as described in the following embodiments. Because the principle of solving the problems of a gathering and transportation pipe network design device is similar to that of a gathering and transportation pipe network design method, the implementation of a gathering and transportation pipe network design device can refer to the implementation of a gathering and transportation pipe network design method, and repeated parts are not described again. The term "module" used below may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the means described in the embodiments below are preferably implemented in software, an implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and contemplated.
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a device for designing a gathering and transportation pipe network, including:
a parameter receiving module 310, configured to receive design parameters, where the design parameters include: topographic parameters, economic parameters and technical parameters of the target area;
the grid generating module 320 is configured to generate double-layer uneven grid data according to the design parameters, where the double-layer uneven grid can represent a topology of a gathering and transportation pipe network and a path between nodes;
the optimization result judging module 330 is configured to judge whether a gathering pipe network design result can be achieved according to a preset rule and the double-layer uneven grid;
the MILP model establishing module 340 is configured to establish an MILP model by taking the minimum total construction cost as a target function according to the constraint condition of the design parameter;
and the model solving and result outputting module 350 is used for solving the MILP model according to the double-layer uneven grids and outputting the obtained gathering and transportation pipe network design result.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the mesh generation module 320 includes a terrain data generation submodule 321 and a two-layer mesh generation submodule 322, and the two-layer mesh generation submodule 322 further includes a pipe network topology determination module 3221 and a node path determination module 3222.
The topographic data generating submodule 321 is configured to obtain topographic data of the target area according to the topographic parameter.
The double-layer grid generation submodule 322 is configured to generate a double-layer uneven grid, divide the target area into a plurality of sub-areas according to the terrain data, and generate the double-layer uneven grid data, where the double-layer uneven grid includes a first-layer grid and a second-layer grid.
A pipe network topology determining module 3221, configured to establish an objective function for each sub-region according to the node on the first-layer mesh, and solve the objective function to obtain a topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network, specifically, as shown in fig. 2, each node in the first-layer mesh has eight connection directions, and the eight-node type mode is used to establish a corresponding constraint and an objective function for each sub-region and a mesh node. Assuming that fluid flows from node (xi, yj) to another adjacent node along its direction k, the terminal node may be defined as (xi, yj, k). rk is the opposite direction of k, so (xi, yj, rk) represents the coordinates of the start node, which connects nodes (xi, yj) at direction rk. Obviously, (xi, yj, k) and (xi, yj, rk) are the same node.
A node path determining module 3222, configured to calculate, according to the second-layer mesh, a path between each connected node corresponding to the minimum length through an ant algorithm.
In the 90 s of the 20 th century, improvements in a technology could clearly distinguish between improvements in hardware (e.g., improvements in circuit structures such as diodes, transistors, switches, etc.) and improvements in software (improvements in process flow). However, as technology advances, many of today's process flow improvements have been seen as direct improvements in hardware circuit architecture. Designers almost always obtain the corresponding hardware circuit structure by programming an improved method flow into the hardware circuit. Thus, it cannot be said that an improvement in the process flow cannot be realized by hardware physical modules. For example, a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), is an integrated circuit whose Logic functions are determined by programming the Device by a user. A digital system is "integrated" on a PLD by the designer's own programming without requiring the chip manufacturer to design and fabricate a dedicated integrated circuit chip 2. Furthermore, nowadays, instead of manually making an integrated Circuit chip, such Programming is often implemented by "logic compiler" software, which is similar to a software compiler used in program development and writing, but the original code before compiling is also written by a specific Programming Language, which is called Hardware Description Language (HDL), and HDL is not only one but many, such as abel (advanced Boolean Expression Language), ahdl (alternate Language Description Language), traffic, pl (core unified Programming Language), HDCal, JHDL (Java Hardware Description Language), langue, Lola, HDL, laspam, hardward Description Language (vhr Description Language), vhjhdul, vhr Description Language, and vhr-Language, which are currently used in most common. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that hardware circuitry that implements the logical method flows can be readily obtained by merely slightly programming the method flows into an integrated circuit using the hardware description languages described above.
The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. One typical implementation device is a computer. In particular, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular telephone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.
From the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present specification can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present specification may be essentially or partially implemented in the form of software products, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and include instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present specification.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The description is operational with numerous general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, hand-held or portable devices, tablet-type devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like.
This description may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The specification may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
While the specification has been described with examples, those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are numerous variations and permutations of the specification that do not depart from the spirit of the specification, and it is intended that the appended claims include such variations and modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the specification.
Claims (12)
1. A method for designing a gathering and transportation pipe network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
receiving design parameters, wherein the design parameters comprise terrain parameters, economic parameters and technical parameters of a target area;
generating a double-layer uneven grid corresponding to the target area according to the design parameters; the double-layer uneven grid can represent the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network and the paths among the nodes; the double-layer uneven grid comprises a first-layer grid and a second-layer grid; the first layer of grids are used for representing the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network; the second layer of grids are used for representing paths between the nodes;
judging whether a gathering pipe network design result can be obtained or not according to a preset rule and the double-layer uneven grids;
if so, establishing an MILP model by taking the design parameters as constraint conditions and the minimum total construction cost as a target function;
and solving the MILP model according to the double-layer uneven grid to obtain a design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the generating a double-layer uneven grid corresponding to the target area according to the design parameters specifically comprises:
determining topographic data for the target area;
dividing the target area into a plurality of sub-areas according to the terrain data;
and generating the double-layer uneven grid according to the plurality of sub-areas.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network is calculated as follows:
and establishing an objective function for each sub-area according to the nodes on the first layer of grids, and solving the objective function to obtain the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the paths between the nodes are determined by:
and according to the second layer of grids, calculating a path between each connected node corresponding to the minimum length by an ant algorithm.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined rule is:
and if at least one of the conditions that the well site is positioned in the barrier area, the total output of the well site is 0, the total pressure is 0, the wellhead backpressure is less than the pressure required by the central processing station and no pressure equipment exists is met, judging that the design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network cannot be realized.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the gathering and transportation pipe network design result comprises at least one of an overall topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network, a location of the central processing station, a location of the pressure device, a diameter and a route of the pipeline, and a hydraulic distribution of the gathering and transportation pipe network.
7. The gathering and transportation pipe network design method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the terrain parameters comprise at least one of detailed terrain of the target area, obstacle information, well site location;
the economic parameters comprise at least one of unit price of the pipeline, type of pressure equipment and fixed cost of the central processing station;
the technical parameters include at least one of a production rate and a back pressure for each wellsite, a pressure required by the central processing station.
8. The utility model provides a gathering pipe network design device which characterized in that includes:
a parameter receiving module, configured to receive design parameters, where the design parameters include: topographic parameters, economic parameters and technical parameters of the target area;
the grid generation module is used for generating double-layer uneven grid data according to the design parameters, and the double-layer uneven grid can represent the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network and the paths among the nodes; the double-layer uneven grid comprises a first-layer grid and a second-layer grid; the first layer of grids are used for representing the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network; the second layer of grids are used for representing paths between the nodes;
the optimization result judging module is used for judging whether the design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network can be realized according to a preset rule and the double-layer uneven grids;
the MILP model establishing module is used for establishing an MILP model by taking the minimum total construction cost as a target function according to the constraint condition of the design parameters;
and the model solving and result outputting module is used for solving the MILP model according to the double-layer uneven grid and outputting the obtained gathering and transportation pipe network design result.
9. The gathering pipe network design device according to claim 8, wherein the grid generation module further comprises:
the terrain data generation submodule is used for determining terrain data of the target area;
and the double-layer grid generation submodule is used for dividing the target area into a plurality of sub-areas according to the topographic data and generating the double-layer uneven grids according to the plurality of sub-areas, wherein the double-layer uneven grids comprise a first-layer grid and a second-layer grid.
10. The gathering pipe network design device according to claim 9, wherein the grid generation submodule further comprises:
the gathering and transportation pipe network topology determining module is used for establishing an objective function for each sub-area according to the nodes on the first layer of grids, and solving the objective function to obtain the topology of the gathering and transportation pipe network;
and the node path determining module is used for calculating a path between each connected node corresponding to the minimum length through an ant algorithm according to the second-layer grid.
11. The gathering pipe network design device according to claim 8, wherein the optimization result judgment module judges the preset rule as:
and if at least one of the conditions that the well site is positioned in the barrier area, the total output of the well site is 0, the total pressure is 0, the wellhead backpressure is less than the pressure required by the central processing station and no pressure equipment exists is met, judging that the design result of the gathering and transportation pipe network cannot be realized.
12. The gathering and transportation pipe network design device according to any one of claims 8-11, wherein the terrain parameters comprise at least one of detailed terrain of the target area, obstacle information, well site location;
the economic parameters comprise at least one of unit price of the pipeline, type of pressure equipment and fixed cost of the central processing station;
the technical parameters include at least one of a production rate and a back pressure for each wellsite, a pressure required by the central processing station.
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