CN1093427A

CN1093427A - The staged ship lock that ship can cross is continuously crossed ship's method

Info

Publication number: CN1093427A
Application number: CN93104119A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李殿中
Original assignee: ANHUI PROV CHANNEL ADMINISTRATION
Current assignee: ANHUI PROV CHANNEL ADMINISTRATION
Priority date: 1993-04-05
Filing date: 1993-04-05
Publication date: 1994-10-12

Abstract

A kind of staged ship lock that ship can be crossed is continuously crossed ship's method, be that head with former one-level ship lock is decomposed the back and the multilift lock that is provided with, locks at different levels also have lock chamber and gate, it is characterized in that in the one or both sides of dykes and dams one or more levels staged ship lock being set, the hydraulic gradiant sum promptly is the water-head of former one-level ship lock between each lock chamber.Water-saving of the present invention, fleet does not need the wait of suspending during lockage in lock chamber, can cross continuously, and adapt to upstream and downstream and have than the Large Water luffing, and the navigation ability is big, especially is fit to the water source anxiety, and the place that the more freight volume of canalization step is big is built and is used.

Description

The staged ship lock that ship can cross is continuously crossed ship's method

The present invention relates to the artificial navigation structure of building that is used to open the navigation or air flight in the hydraulic engineering, specifically design a kind of staged ship lock, fleet can ceaselessly cross in such ship lock continuously.

The river is arranged, have the place in river all will develop the inland water transport cause, but the needs in order to generate electricity, to irrigate and controlling flood often to be built barrage or weir on river, river.The way that solves this contradiction is otherly on the dam to build the ship facility, and present this facility has two kinds, the one, ship lift, ship rise or descend by machinery and power entirely, once cross one, the equipment complexity, maintenance capacity is big, big energy-consuming, but do not need to irritate, sluicing.The 2nd, build ship lock, ship lock is suitable for whole fleet to be passed through, and uses and keep in repair than ship lift to make things convenient for.But fleet by the time one want water consumption, two will wait for, at first, will wait for gate opening before advancing lock chamber, enter will wait for after the lock chamber and pour water or sluice, and treat can depart when water level maintains an equal level with the approach channel water level in the lock chamber.Concerning the fleet of two 1000 tonnes of barges of a pushing tow, lockage was once on average suspended two hours, in 10 kilometers/hour of the speed of a ship or plane, then reduce traffic mileage 40000 ton kilometres, as seen fleet navigates by water on the more navigation channel of some canalization steps, as Hang Yun Hebei, capital section etc., the loss of the annual traffic mileage that is caused by lockage is surprising.In addition, in Basin of Huaihe River and the more place of feed ditch, exist the problem of insufficient water sources mostly, navigation water and irrigation water contradiction are sharp-pointed, and in this case, the time that fleet's lockage is waited for will calculate with day, have to suspend when serious.Moreover the regional geology that has is loose, builds its ground of general ship lock and needs reinforcement, and this will increase construction costs, also will delay the construction period.

As far back as nineteen forty-two, Switzerland once built ship lock not consuming time, its objective is to reduce fleet's required time of lockage, for this reason, designed the long ship lock more than 1000 meters of a kind of lock chamber, and one meter at head elongates the lock body, slows down water-surface gradient, and fleet is navigated by water in lock chamber.This ship lock investment is big, water consumption is also big, the not water-saving that saves time, only suitable abundant water, the little occasion of water source luffing.

The objective of the invention is for the water source anxiety, freight volume is big, geological conditions is relatively poor and have the area design of certain range of stage a kind ofly not only saved time, but also the staged ship lock of water-saving with development inland river boat water cause.

Design of the present invention springs from: in the existing check gate navigation hole, ship still can travel under the situation of low water head, if high water head is decomposed into low water head step by step, ship will pass through continuously in other words.Specifically exactly original one-level head being resolved into some grades of low water heads, is 6 meters (when promptly building a sluice, the water-head of lock upstream and downstream) such as former one-level head, if be decomposed into 6 grades, every grade of head is 1 meter, if be decomposed into 5 grades, then every grade of head is 1.2 meters, and the rest may be inferred by analogy.What is decomposed into, builds the staged ship lock of several tandem arrays exactly.The hydraulic gradiant sum promptly is the water-head of former one-level ship lock between the lock chambers at different levels.After fleet sails first order ship lock into, keying operation by two adjacent gates, ship just can be certain speed enter approach channel by the some grades of ship lock of setting step by step continuously, its water consumption only is that a lock chamber is irritated the water yield of letting out, promptly its water surface area and its water-head are amasss.

When the one-level head bigger, the progression of decomposition more for a long time, such as Pyatyi when above, can be in ladder ship lock stage casing, such as wrong ship section being set between level V and the 6th grade, one keep supplying, the staggered transposition of descending boats and ships, two can drive away the dull sense of crewman when lockage.

The area that has, the level of tail water is higher during flood peak, and low level level ship lock is flooded, and for the guiding boats and ships directly enter the ship lock of high bit level, the lock wall of the same sides at different levels can be increased, and perhaps builds one at a certain distance by the ship post on the lock wall of the same side.

The present invention makes fleet not need the wait of suspending when lockage in lock chamber, has improved the navigation ability.In addition, water consumption is little, after the one-level head resolves into the n level, every mistake once, its water consumption is the 1/n of former one-level lockage water, in the place of insufficient water sources, even the navigation of can drawing water.Head has decomposed, and has also disperseed the lock wall of former one-level ship lock and the weight of lock head simultaneously, has just reduced the height of building, reduces bearing capacity of foundation soil and has simplified difficulty of construction, has reduced construction costs.

Fig. 1: the upstream and downstream range of stage is less, only navigation these kinds that belong in downstream, dam one side is built staged ship lock (vertical section schematic diagram), feed ditch more.

Fig. 2: the upstream and downstream range of stage is bigger, also builds staged ship lock (vertical section schematic diagram) in the upstream, dam.

Fig. 3: Jiang Di, river levee both sides (be in the dike, dike outer) when bigger range of stage is all arranged in dike, the outer full construction staged ship lock (vertical section schematic diagram) of dike, the centre is a changeover portion, and some great rivers, great river such as the Changjiang river, entrance, tributary, Huaihe River belong to this kind situation more.

Fig. 4: on a side lock wall, build schematic diagram by the ship post.

1, lock chamber, 2, gate, 3, the lock wall, 4, by the ship post, 5, approach channel, 6, changeover portion.

The present invention is by analytic demonstration and hydraulic model test, and now the scheme that will test is described below:

One, as shown in Figure 1

1, arrangement

2 meters of minimum navigation (navigable) depths, gross head are 6 meters, arrange 4 grades of staged ship lock, elevation differs 6 meters and also divides 4 grades at the bottom of the approach channel of upstream and downstream, and every grade of end elevation differs 1.5 meters, and the depth of water is 2 meters when guaranteeing lock chamber lowest water level at different levels, 1.5 meters of lock chamber ranges of stage at different levels, long 150 meters of lock chambers at different levels, wide 12 meters, long 9 meters of lock head, water delivery at the bottom of the arc every, 0.8 meter of Lift, 40～50 seconds opening times, 10～20 seconds shut-in times, convoy speed's 0.4 meter per second.

2, lockage program:

Lock chamber initial water potential differences at different levels are 1.5 meters, cross ship time, the two adjacent lock chamber water-heads of crossing ship are 3 meters, when the up lockage of fleet, continue navigation when sailing to gate 2a certain distance, 2a is opened in water delivery at the bottom of the operation 2a door when water level in the lock chamber remains basically stable with lower approach 5 water levels, close 2a when the afterbody of fleet is crossed 2a immediately, (at this moment one, water-head is 3 meters between two two-stages), operate the 2a water delivery simultaneously, when fleet walks to the 2b certain distance, open 2b, allow fleet enter second lock chamber, when crossing 2b, the afterbody of fleet closes 2b immediately, operate the 2c water delivery simultaneously, when fleet sails to the 2c certain distance, open 2c, allow fleet enter the 3rd lock chamber, when crossing 2c, the afterbody of fleet closes 2c immediately, operate the 2d water delivery simultaneously, when fleet sails to the 2d certain distance, open 2d, allow fleet enter the 4th lock chamber, when crossing 2d, the afterbody of fleet closes 2d immediately, operate the 2e water delivery simultaneously, when fleet sails to the 2e certain distance, open 2e, allow fleet enter upper approach 5.Cross ship and finish, each lock chamber hydraulic gradiant still is 1.5 meters each other, and water consumption is 150 * 12 * 1.5=2700 rice ³, gate single action or interlock are by hydraulic power unit control and operation, and pumping plant can be built ship lock one side on the bank, each pumping plant control 4～6 road gate.

When the descending lockage of fleet, starting gate 2e, when crossing 2e, the afterbody of fleet closes 2e immediately, operate the 2d water delivery simultaneously, when fleet sails to the 2d certain distance, open 2d, allow fleet enter second lock chamber, when the afterbody of fleet is crossed 2d, close 2d immediately, operate the 2c water delivery simultaneously ... the rest may be inferred by analogy, until entering lower approach 5.Cross ship and finish, each lock chamber hydraulic gradiant still is 1.5 meters, and water consumption is 150 * 12 * 1.5=2700 rice ³

Two, as shown in Figure 2:

For ease of narration, establishing the upper pond level luffing is 3 meters, and two-stage is set, and elevation is identical at the bottom of its lock chamber, and same absolute altitude at the bottom of threshold and the lock chamber, demarcates by navigable water stage of the end, upstream.The Men Gaocong axis of dams at different levels play calculating, whenever increase 1.5 meters to upper level.Existing two-stage, then gate 2g, 2f exceed 3 meters than 2e.

When upper pond level is highest navigable stage, the descending ship of crossing, then gate 2g descends 2 meters, and 2f and later gate thereof all descend 3.5 meters.

When upper pond level descends 1.5 meters the time than highest navigable stage, the descending ship of crossing, then gate 2g still descends 2 meters, and all later gates all descend 3.5 meters.

When upper pond level descends 1.5 meters the time again, then gate 2g, 2f sink to base plate Men Kunei, and the two-stage of upstream becomes approach channel, and this moment is as shown in Figure 1.

The decline of up ship lock gate excessively is identical with descending mistake ship.

Three, as shown in Figure 3:

In the dike as the Changjiang river, Huaihe River, when dike all has than the Large Water luffing outward, build the staged ship lock entirely in dike, outside the dike, the centre is a changeover portion.This pattern is crossed the twice that the ship bleeder quantity is aforementioned two kinds of situations.

Four, as shown in Figure 4:

On lock chambers at different levels the same side lock wall 3, build one by ship post 4 every 30 meters, exceed lock wall 3 about 3 meters by ship post 4.

Claims

1, a kind of staged ship lock that ship can be crossed is continuously crossed ship's method, is head is decomposed, and it is characterized in that:

(1), less than the one or both sides of dike one or more levels staged ship lock is set greatly according to range of stage;

(2), the upstream, dam is at different levels, its end elevation is identical, and same absolute altitude at the bottom of threshold and the lock chamber.

2, a kind of staged ship lock that ship can be crossed continuously according to claim 1 is crossed ship's method, it is characterized in that: wrong ship section can be set between step.

3, a kind of staged ship lock that ship can be crossed continuously according to claim 1 and 2 is crossed ship's method, it is characterized in that: the lock wall of ship lock at different levels the same side is than opposite side lock wall height.

4, a kind of staged ship lock that ship can be crossed continuously according to claim 3 is crossed ship's method, it is characterized in that: build one on the lock wall of ship lock at different levels the same side at a certain distance by the ship post.