CN109342310A - A kind of rubber seal products life-span prediction method based on Aging Damage - Google Patents
A kind of rubber seal products life-span prediction method based on Aging Damage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to forecasting technique in life span fields.Basic Damage Parameter weight is distributed according to the size of multi-temperature point laboratory environment grey relational grade, constructs aging damage factor Af, establish Af- T-t model realizes the life prediction to target sample.The laboratory lifetimes prediction technique of rubber product of the present invention, using compression set as benchmark parameter, with room temperature~sample to be tested highest test temperature TmaxBasic Damage Parameter is calculated to the grey relational grade g of compression set using compression set 15%~30% as test load for test temperature sectioni, obtain the damage factor A of sample to be testedf, by (1-Af) it is used as life appraisal characteristic index, obtain AfThe ageing time τ of identical test temperature is substituted into respectively and is obtained expected storage temperature life value by the ternary model of-T- τ.Rubber seal products life-span prediction method of the present invention, precision of prediction is higher, wide temperature range.Life prediction suitable for rubber seal products.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to service life of equipment to predict field, be related to laboratory lifetimes Predicting Technique, in particular to rubber product
Laboratory lifetimes Predicting Technique.
Background technique
Sealing material and product life Predicting Technique are related to material science, material aging, structure design, structural mechanics, material
Material test science, computer simulation, data processing technique etc. determine that the method in rubber product service life has following three both at home and abroad at present
Kind:
One is what is recommended according to ISO to provide service life, this method according to raw rubber heat-resistant aging divided rank and accordingly
More influences for considering raw rubber to rubber product, have ignored the influence of the compounding agents such as vulcanizing agent, anti-aging agent.
Second method is the accelerated aging test predicted method based on reaction mechanism theory and molecular structural parameter, directly handle
Computer carries out accelerated aging test as simulation ageing oven, and this method must be set up abundant to ageing of rubber reaction mechanism
Solution and to molecular structural parameter it is complete grasp on the basis of, at present because objective condition limit, development it is more slow.
The third method is that the laboratory based on Aging kinetics quickly measures, when principle is according to thermo-oxidative ageing
Performance variation law, using the accelerated aging test under different temperatures as a result, along temperature extrapolation calculating storage or at use temperature
Service life, carry out life prediction with the quick method for measuring in laboratory, it is old at room temperature at a temperature of accelerated ageing when premise
Changing mechanism must be identical.
Mathematical model method therein is by using P=f (t) kinetics equation, by aging speed constant k and Arrhenius
Equation combines, and obtains the expression formula of P=f (T, t), overcomes linear relationship method test period length, variable converts into method and calculates
It can not the not high disadvantage of sequencing, accuracy.
Sealing article is in ageing process, and changes will occur for numerous characterisitic parameters, and existing hardness, stretches by force elongation
A series of variation of mechanical index such as degree, elongation at break；Have again and becomes under compression as chemistry occurs for the extension of time
Change (such as chain rupture, new cross-bond generates), generates permanent compression set and become smaller with stress and deform the compression being but basically unchanged
Stress relaxation phenomenon, traditional sealing article life prediction is using compression set as life appraisal characteristic index, Bu Nengquan
Face objectively carries out overall merit to the factor for influencing aging, and accuracy is not high.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of life-span prediction methods of rubber seal products.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, determines reasonable temperature range and sampling period for specific sample, into
The test of row multi-temperature point laboratory environment；Grey relational grade analysis is carried out to test data, according to the size of the degree of association to basic
Damage Parameter carries out weight distribution, constructs aging damage factor Af, establish Af- T-t model, and reliability is examined, extrapolation is taken
Labour phase index AfValue realizes the life prediction to target sample.
The laboratory lifetimes prediction technique of rubber product of the present invention, using compression set as benchmark parameter, packet
Include testing program formulation and preparation of samples, laboratory environment test, aging damage factor building, damage modeling, life prediction
Journey, it is characterised in that:
Solution formulation and preparation of samples: with room temperature~sample to be tested highest test temperature TmaxFor test temperature section,
Cloth test temperature point is taken using compression set 15%~30% as test load according to the principle formulation of " preceding close rear thin "
The sample period simultaneously determines sample size；
Aging damage factor building: basic Damage Parameter is calculated separately to the grey relational grade g of compression seti, generation
Enter formula (1) and obtain the damage factor of sample to be tested:
Af=c+ (1-gi)η+(1-gi)ρ (1)
In formula: gi--- grey relational grade, i=1,2 ... n, n are the basic in addition to compression set of participation calculating
Damage Parameter quantity
C --- compression set change rate；
η --- compression stress relaxation change rate；
ρ --- rate of change of the density；
Damage modeling: by aging damage factor retention rate (1-Af) it is used as life appraisal characteristic index, obtain AfThe three of-T- τ
Meta-model is shown in formula (2):
1-Af=Ae-Kτ (2)
In formula: Af- aging damage factor；
τ-ageing time, d；
K-performance change constant related with temperature；
A-constant；
Life prediction: the ageing time τ of identical test temperature is substituted into formula (2) respectively, expected storage temperature is calculated
Life value.
The laboratory lifetimes prediction technique of rubber product of the present invention, using compression set as benchmark parameter, packet
Testing program formulation and preparation of samples, laboratory environment test, aging damage factor building are included, model, life prediction are established
Journey, it is characterised in that: test temperature point interval is between 10~30 DEG C.
The laboratory lifetimes prediction technique of rubber product of the present invention, using compression set as benchmark parameter, packet
Testing program formulation and preparation of samples, laboratory environment test, aging damage factor building are included, model, life prediction are established
Journey, it is characterised in that: starting test temperature is TmaxIt is 50~100 DEG C lower.
The laboratory lifetimes prediction technique of rubber product of the present invention, using compression set as benchmark parameter, packet
Testing program formulation and preparation of samples, laboratory environment test, aging damage factor building are included, model, life prediction are established
Journey, it is characterised in that: basic Damage Parameter is including at least two parameters in compression set, compression stress relaxation, density.
Rubber seal products life-span prediction method of the present invention, prediction index include compression set, compress and answer
The influence of the basic Damage Parameter variation such as power relaxation, density, the performance change situation in concentrated expression product ageing process, prediction
Precision is higher, and predicted temperature range is wide, has biggish meaning to the life prediction of rubber seal products.Suitable for rubber seal
The life prediction of product, the life prediction especially suitable for rubber o-ring class static seal product.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution according to the present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below, but not as to this hair
It is bright to be related to the limitation of technical solution.It is any based on the present invention relates to the evaluation methods of Technical Design to constitute of the invention one
Part.
Embodiment one
WithIllustrate embodiments process for type fluorine silicone rubber O-ring.
The highest test temperature T of the fluorine silicone rubber is obtained with thermogravimetrymaxIt is 200 DEG C, with 120 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 180 DEG C of works
For air oven aging test temperature, air oven aging test, sampling period difference are carried out using compression ratio 25% as load-up condition
For 0d, 2d, 4d, 6d, 10d, 16d, 20d, 25d, 30d, 45d, 55d.
Test specimen is 15Type fluorine silicone rubber O-ring.
Status adjustment is carried out by GB/T 2941-2006 method, GB/T 3512-2014 carries out hot-air accelerated ageing；It presses
Carry out the measurement of compression stress relaxation and compression set respectively according to GB/T 1685-2008 and GB/T 7759.1-2015.Examination
It tests data and is shown in Table 1.
1 fluorine silicone rubber O-ring air oven aging test result table of table
To data in table 1, by grey relational grade calculation process, 120 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 180 DEG C of compression stress are calculated separately
The degree of association g of lax pair compression seti, calculated result is as shown in table 2.
The 2 fluorine silicone rubber O-ring air oven aging test data gray degree of association of table
| Buckling-relaxation | 120℃ | 150℃ | 180℃ |
| gi | 0.48 | 0.45 | 0.69 |
| 1-gi | 0.52 | 0.55 | 0.31 |
Using buckling as benchmark parameter, by (1-gi) compression stress relaxation assignment coefficient is used as to respectively obtain 120 by formula (1)
DEG C, 150 DEG C, 180 DEG C of aging damage factor AfValue:
120 DEG C: Af=c+0.52 η (3)
150 DEG C: Af=c+0.55 η (4)
180 DEG C: Af=c+0.31 η (5)
1 test data of table is substituted into formula (3)~formula (5), obtains the aging damage factor A under different temperature pointsfValue is shown in Table 3
It is shown.
Fluorine silicone rubber O-ring life appraisal characteristic index A under 3 different temperature points of tablefIt is worth table
| Time (d) | 120℃ | 150℃ | 180℃ |
| 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2 | 11.68 | 18.96 | 21.91 |
| 4 | 14.54 | 20.96 | 27.42 |
| 6 | 15.96 | 24.15 | 28.43 |
| 10 | 19.11 | 32.29 | 39.03 |
| 16 | 22.10 | 35.53 | 47.96 |
| 20 | 23.79 | 36.16 | 48.93 |
| 25 | 26.38 | 40.21 | 52.33 |
| 30 | 27.98 | 44.31 | 53.51 |
| 45 | 33.08 | 46.31 | 55.51 |
| 55 | 32.94 | 50.31 | 56.84 |
By life prediction process in GJB 92.2-86, to the A of table 3fData carry out regression analysis, obtain under the conditions of 25 DEG C
The life prediction equation of fluorine silicone rubber are as follows:
It brings τ=5 × 365 and τ=10 × 365 into above formula, the A of 5 years and 10 years is calculatedfRespectively 0.61 He
0.82。
5 years A of dismounting measurement result of identical service conditionfIt is 0.51,0.57,0.58, the error model with calculated value 0.61
Enclose is 5%~19%；The A of 10afIt is 0.64,0.75,0.80, the error range with calculated value 0.82 is 3%~28%.
Embodiment two
WithIllustrate that embodiments process is as follows for type silicon rubber O-ring.
The highest test temperature T of the silicon rubber is obtained with thermogravimetrymaxIt is 200 DEG C, with 100 DEG C, 125 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 175
DEG C be used as air oven aging test temperature, using compression ratio 25% as load-up condition progress air oven aging test, the sampling period
Respectively 0d, 2d, 4d, 6d, 10d, 16d, 20d, 25d, 30d, 45d, 55d.
Test specimen is 20Type silicon rubber O-ring.
Laboratory environment test and aging damage factor construction method are the same as embodiment 1 (original test data summary), silicon rubber O
A under shape circle different temperature pointsfValue is shown in Table 4.
Silicon rubber O-ring life appraisal characteristic index A under 4 different temperature points of tablefIt is worth table
| Time (d) | 100℃ | 125℃ | 150℃ | 175℃ |
| 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2 | 5.14 | 7.58 | 9.64 | 22.11 |
| 4 | 6.30 | 8.82 | 13.68 | 25.06 |
| 6 | 4.71 | 10.57 | 12.93 | 26.64 |
| 10 | 8.46 | 12.25 | 20.19 | 34.34 |
| 16 | 10.45 | 13.31 | 23.65 | 39.72 |
| 20 | 11.84 | 13.64 | 24.02 | 41.20 |
| 25 | 13.33 | 14.87 | 26.24 | 45.28 |
| 30 | 12.68 | 15.93 | 29.22 | 46.77 |
| 45 | 11.71 | 15.95 | 30.45 | 49.38 |
| 55 | 13.89 | 19.65 | 34.69 | 51.41 |
Life prediction equation is constructed with four temperature spots, two parameters, construction method is the same as silicon under the conditions of 1,25 DEG C of embodiment
The life prediction equation of rubber are as follows:
It brings τ=5 × 365 and τ=10 × 365 into above formula, the A of 5 years and 10 years is calculatedfRespectively 0.33 He
0.49。
5 years A of dismounting measurement result of identical service conditionfIt is 0.35,0.36,0.38, the error model with calculated value 0.33
Enclose is 6%~13%；The A of 10afIt is 0.40,0.45,0.48, the error range with calculated value 0.49 is 9%~23%.
Embodiment three
WithIllustrate that embodiments process is as follows for type fluororubber O shape circle.
The highest test temperature T of the fluorubber is obtained with thermogravimetrymaxIt is 200 DEG C, with 100 DEG C, 125 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 175
DEG C be used as air oven aging test temperature, using 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% 4 kind of compression ratio as load-up condition carry out heat sky
Gas degradation, the sampling period be respectively 0d, 1d, 3d, 7d, 10d, 15d, 20d, 25d, 30d, 35d, 40d, 60d, 75d, 90d,
110d。
It see the table below shown in 5 according to the sampling period after the principle combination of " cryogenic high pressure contracting, high-temperature low-pressure contracting ".
5 fluorubber accelerated life test of table samples table
Test specimen is 40Type fluororubber O shape circle.
Laboratory environment test calculates under different temperatures and contractive condition compression stress relaxation, density to pressure with embodiment 1
The degree of association g of compression permanent deformationi, calculated result is as shown in table 6.
The 6 fluororubber O shape circle air oven aging test data gray degree of association of table
Calculation method is the same as the A in embodiment 1, under fluororubber O shape circle different temperature pointsfValue is shown in Table 7
A under each temperature spot of table 7fTables of data
Life prediction equation is constructed with four temperature spots, three parameters, construction method is as in the first embodiment, under each temperature spot
Life prediction equation is shown in Table 8.
100 DEG C: Af=e(5.1803-0.000875τ)
125 DEG C: Af=e(5.0945-0.001731τ)
150 DEG C: Af=e(5.1068-0.003157τ)
175 DEG C: Af=e(4.9372-0.005386τ)
Model accuracy verification result under different temperature points is shown in Table 8.
Model accuracy table under each temperature spot of table 8
| Temperature | 100℃ | 125℃ | 150℃ | 175℃ |
| Error range | 6%~14% | 6%~11% | 5%~7% | 10%~11% |
Example IV
WithIllustrate that embodiments process is as follows for type EP rubbers O-ring.
The highest test temperature T of the EP rubbers is obtained with thermogravimetrymaxIt is 130 DEG C, with 80 DEG C, 90 DEG C, 100 DEG C, 110
DEG C be used as air oven aging test temperature, using 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% 4 kind of compression ratio as load-up condition carry out heat sky
Gas degradation, sampling period are respectively 0d, 1d, 3d, 7d, 10d, 15d, 20d, 25d, 30d, 35d, 40d, 60d, 75d, 90d.
It see the table below shown in 9 according to the sampling period after the principle combination of " cryogenic high pressure contracting, high-temperature low-pressure contracting ".
9 EP rubbers accelerated life test of table samples table
Test specimen is 40Type EP rubbers O-ring.
Laboratory environment test and aging damage factor construction method are the same as embodiment 1, EP rubbers O-ring different temperature points
Under AfValue is shown in Table 10.
A under each temperature spot of table 10fTables of data
| Time | 80℃ | 90℃ | 100℃ | 110℃ |
| 0 | 194.74 | 177.00 | 179.59 | 176.88 |
| 1 | 171.24 | 166.09 | 168.10 | 151.59 |
| 3 | 164.26 | 170.20 | 162.29 | 149.07 |
| 7 | 164.01 | 161.93 | 156.76 | 157.38 |
| 10 | 163.51 | 153.53 | 151.45 | 126.15 |
| 15 | 166.96 | 148.78 | 143.14 | 114.74 |
| 20 | 160.96 | 161.43 | 143.31 | 112.56 |
| 25 | 145.74 | 129.88 | 142.05 | 104.14 |
| 30 | 155.46 | 148.92 | 135.23 | 98.94 |
| 35 | 152.29 | 143.51 | 137.54 | 98.93 |
| 40 | 146.77 | 141.22 | 136.24 | 96.10 |
| 60 | 146.03 | 140.02 | 126.72 | 83.34 |
| 75 | 134.78 | 129.03 | 119.34 | 73.15 |
| 90 | 131.73 | 131.20 | 121.37 | 69.25 |
Life prediction equations are constructed with four temperature spots, three parameters, and construction method is with embodiment 1, under each temperature spot
Life prediction equation are as follows:
80 DEG C: Af=e(5.1583-0.002412τ)
90 DEG C: Af=e(5.1088-0.003564τ)
100 DEG C: Af=e(5.0991-0.005029τ)
110 DEG C: Af=e(5.0318-0.006828τ)。
Model accuracy verification result under different temperature points is shown in Table 11.
Model accuracy table under each temperature spot of table 11
| Temperature | 80℃ | 90℃ | 100℃ | 110℃ |
| Error range | 9%~11% | 12%~15% | 3%~7% | 8%~14% |
Claims (4)
1. the laboratory lifetimes prediction technique of a kind of rubber product, using compression set as benchmark parameter, including testing program
It formulates and preparation of samples, laboratory environment test, aging damage factor building, damage modeling, life prediction process, feature exists
In:
Solution formulation and preparation of samples: with room temperature~sample to be tested highest test temperature TmaxIt is uniformly distributed to try for test temperature section
Temperature spot is tested, using compression set 15%~30% as test load, formulates sampling week according to the principle of " preceding close rear thin "
Phase simultaneously determines sample size；
Aging damage factor building: basic Damage Parameter is calculated separately to the grey relational grade g of compression seti, substitute into formula
(1) damage factor of sample to be tested is obtained:
Af=c+ (1-gi)η+(1-gi)ρ (1)
In formula: gi--- grey relational grade, i=1,2 ... n, n are the basic damage in addition to compression set for participating in calculating
Parameter quantity
C --- compression set change rate；
η --- compression stress relaxation change rate；
ρ --- rate of change of the density；
Damage modeling: by aging damage factor retention rate (1-Af) it is used as life appraisal characteristic index, obtain AfThe ternary mould of-T- τ
Type is shown in formula (2):
1-Af=Ae-Kτ (2)
In formula: Af- aging damage factor；
τ-ageing time, d；
K-performance change constant related with temperature；
A-constant；
Life prediction: the ageing time τ of identical test temperature is substituted into formula (2) respectively, the expected storage temperature service life is calculated
Value.
2. the laboratory lifetimes prediction technique of rubber product according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: between test temperature point
Every between 10~30 DEG C.
3. the laboratory lifetimes prediction technique of rubber product according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: starting test temperature
For TmaxIt is 50~100 DEG C lower.
4. the laboratory lifetimes prediction technique of rubber product according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that:
Basic Damage Parameter is including at least two parameters in compression set, compression stress relaxation, density.
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| CN113916763A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-11 | 山东大学 | Method for predicting wet heat aging life of methyl vinyl silicone rubber |
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